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Ochoa-Viñals N, Alonso-Estrada D, Ramos-González R, Rodríguez-Hernández J, Martínez-Hernández JL, Aguilar-González MÁ, Betancourt-Galindo R, Michelena-Álvarez GL, Ilina A. Chitosan-coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles enhanced Rhodotorula toruloides carotenoid production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024:10.1007/s00449-024-03068-3. [PMID: 39090227 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03068-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The present study aims to analyze the interaction between Rhodotorula toruloides and magnetic nanoparticles and evaluate their effect on carotenoid production. The manganese ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized without chitosan (MnFe2O4) and chitosan coating (MnFe2O4-CS) by the co-precipitation method assisted by hydrothermal treatment. XRD (X-ray diffraction), Magnetometry, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), are used to characterize the magnetic nanoparticles. The crystallite size of MnFe2O4 was 16 nm for MnFe2O4 and 20 nm for MnFe2O4-CS. The magnetic saturation of MnFe2O4-CS was lower (39.6 ± 0.6 emu/g) than the same MnFe2O4 nanoparticles (42.7 ± 0.3 emu/g), which was attributed to the chitosan fraction presence. The MnFe2O4-CS FTIR spectra revealed the presence of the characteristic chitosan bands. DLS demonstrated that the average hydrodynamic diameters were 344 nm for MnFe2O4 and 167 nm for MnFe2O4-CS. A kinetic study of cell immobilization performed with their precipitation with a magnet demonstrated that interaction between magnetic nanoparticles and R. toruloides was characterized by an equilibrium time of 2 h. The adsorption isotherm models (Langmuir and Freundlich) were fitted to the experimental values. The trypan blue assay was used for cell viability assessment. The carotenoid production increased to 256.2 ± 6.1 µg/g dry mass at 2.0 mg/mL MnFe2O4-CS. The use of MnFe2O4-CS to stimulate carotenoid yeast production and the magnetic separation of biomass are promising nanobiotechnological alternatives. Magnetic cell immobilization is a perspective technique for obtaining cell metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayra Ochoa-Viñals
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Unidad Saltillo, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Dania Alonso-Estrada
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Unidad Saltillo, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Ramos-González
- CONAHCYT, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Unidad Saltillo, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico.
| | - Joelis Rodríguez-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo No. 140, 25250, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - José Luis Martínez-Hernández
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Unidad Saltillo, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | | | - Rebeca Betancourt-Galindo
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo No. 140, 25250, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | | | - Anna Ilina
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Unidad Saltillo, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico.
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Punia P, Singh L. Evaluation of free and immobilized cellulase on chitosan-modified magnetic nanoparticles for saccharification of sorghum residue. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:737-751. [PMID: 38607415 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis plays a pivotal role in transforming lignocellulosic biomass. Addressing alternate techniques to optimize the utilization of cellulolytic enzymes is one strategy to improve its efficiency and lower process costs. Cellulases are highly specific and environmentally benign biocatalysts that break down intricate polysaccharides into simple forms of sugars. In contrast to the most difficult and time-consuming enzyme immobilization processes, in this research, we studied simple, mild, and successful techniques for immobilization of pure cellulase on magnetic nanocomposites using glutaraldehyde as a linker and used in the application of sorghum residue biomass. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were coated with chitosan from the co-precipitation method, which served as an enzyme carrier. The nanoparticles were observed under XRD, Zeta Potential, FESEM, VSM, and FTIR. The size morphology results presented that the Cs@Fe3O4 have 42.2 nm, while bare nanoparticles (Fe3O4) have 31.2 nm in size. The pure cellulase reaches to 98.07% of loading efficiency and 71.67% of recovery activity at optimal conditions. Moreover, immobilized enzyme's pH stability, thermostability, and temperature tolerance were investigated at suitable conditions. The kinetic parameters of free and immobilized enzyme were estimated as Vmax; 29 ± 1.51 and 27.03 ± 2.02 µmol min-1 mg-1, Km; 4.7 ± 0.49 mM and 2.569 ± 0.522 mM and Kcat; 0.13 s-1, and 0.89 s-1. Sorghum residue was subjected to 2% NaOH pre-treatment at 50 ℃. Pre-treated biomass contains cellulose of 64.8%, used as a raw material to evaluate the efficiency of reducing sugar during hydrolysis and saccharification of free and immobilized cellulase, which found maximum concentration of glucose 5.42 g/L and 5.12 g/L on 72 h. Thus, our study verifies the use of immobilized pure cellulase to successfully hydrolyze raw material, which is a significant advancement in lignocellulosic biorefineries and the reusability of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Punia
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Lakhvinder Singh
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India.
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3
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Tikhonov BB, Lisichkin DR, Sulman AM, Sidorov AI, Bykov AV, Lugovoy YV, Karpenkov AY, Bronstein LM, Matveeva VG. Magnetic Nanoparticle Support with an Ultra-Thin Chitosan Layer Preserves the Catalytic Activity of the Immobilized Glucose Oxidase. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:700. [PMID: 38668193 PMCID: PMC11054521 DOI: 10.3390/nano14080700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Here, we developed magnetically recoverable biocatalysts based on magnetite nanoparticles coated with an ultra-thin layer (about 0.9 nm) of chitosan (CS) ionically cross-linked by sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). Excessive CS amounts were removed by multiple washings combined with magnetic separation. Glucose oxidase (GOx) was attached to the magnetic support via the interaction with N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) in the presence of carbodiimide (EDC) leading to a covalent amide bond. These steps result in the formation of the biocatalyst for D-glucose oxidation to D-gluconic acid to be used in the preparation of pharmaceuticals due to the benign character of the biocatalyst components. To choose the catalyst with the best catalytic performance, the amounts of CS, TPP, NHS, EDC, and GOx were varied. The optimal biocatalyst allowed for 100% relative catalytic activity. The immobilization of GOx and the magnetic character of the support prevents GOx and biocatalyst loss and allows for repeated use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris B. Tikhonov
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Standardization, Tver State Technical University, 22 A. Nikitina Str., 170026 Tver, Russia; (B.B.T.); (D.R.L.); (A.M.S.); (A.I.S.); (A.V.B.); (Y.V.L.)
| | - Daniil R. Lisichkin
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Standardization, Tver State Technical University, 22 A. Nikitina Str., 170026 Tver, Russia; (B.B.T.); (D.R.L.); (A.M.S.); (A.I.S.); (A.V.B.); (Y.V.L.)
| | - Alexandrina M. Sulman
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Standardization, Tver State Technical University, 22 A. Nikitina Str., 170026 Tver, Russia; (B.B.T.); (D.R.L.); (A.M.S.); (A.I.S.); (A.V.B.); (Y.V.L.)
| | - Alexander I. Sidorov
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Standardization, Tver State Technical University, 22 A. Nikitina Str., 170026 Tver, Russia; (B.B.T.); (D.R.L.); (A.M.S.); (A.I.S.); (A.V.B.); (Y.V.L.)
| | - Alexey V. Bykov
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Standardization, Tver State Technical University, 22 A. Nikitina Str., 170026 Tver, Russia; (B.B.T.); (D.R.L.); (A.M.S.); (A.I.S.); (A.V.B.); (Y.V.L.)
| | - Yury V. Lugovoy
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Standardization, Tver State Technical University, 22 A. Nikitina Str., 170026 Tver, Russia; (B.B.T.); (D.R.L.); (A.M.S.); (A.I.S.); (A.V.B.); (Y.V.L.)
| | - Alexey Y. Karpenkov
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Tver State University, Zhelyabova St., 33, 170100 Tver, Russia;
| | - Lyudmila M. Bronstein
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Standardization, Tver State Technical University, 22 A. Nikitina Str., 170026 Tver, Russia; (B.B.T.); (D.R.L.); (A.M.S.); (A.I.S.); (A.V.B.); (Y.V.L.)
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Av., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Valentina G. Matveeva
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Standardization, Tver State Technical University, 22 A. Nikitina Str., 170026 Tver, Russia; (B.B.T.); (D.R.L.); (A.M.S.); (A.I.S.); (A.V.B.); (Y.V.L.)
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Ivanović M, Knez Ž, Leitgeb M. Influence of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide on the Activity and Conformational Changes of α-Amylase, Lipase, and Peroxidase in the Solid State Using White Wheat Flour as an Example. Foods 2023; 12:4499. [PMID: 38137304 PMCID: PMC10743174 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Green technologies using renewable and alternative sources, including supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2), are becoming a priority for researchers in a variety of fields, including the control of enzyme activity which, among other applications, is extremely important in the food industry. Namely, extending shelf life of e.g., flour could be reached by tuning the present enzymes activity. In this study, the effect of different sc-CO2 conditions such as temperature (35-50 °C), pressure (200 bar and 300 bar), and exposure time (1-6 h) on the inactivation and structural changes of α-amylase, lipase, and horseradish peroxidase (POD) from white wheat flour and native enzymes was investigated. The total protein (TPC) content and residual activities of the enzymes were determined by standard spectrophotometric methods, while the changes in the secondary structures of the enzymes were determined by circular dichroism spectrometry (CD). The present work is therefore concerned for the first time with the study of the stability and structural changes of the enzyme molecules dominant in white wheat flour under sc-CO2 conditions at different pressures and temperatures. In addition, the changes in aggregation or dissociation of the enzyme molecules were investigated based on the changes in particle size distribution and ζ-potential. The results of the activity assays showed a decrease in the activity of native POD and lipase under optimal exposure conditions (6 h and 50 °C; and 1 h and 50 °C) by 22% and 16%, respectively. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in α-amylase activity. Consequently, analysis of the CD spectra of POD and lipase confirmed a significant effect on secondary structure damage (changes in α-helix, β-sheet, and β-turn content), whereas the secondary structure of α-amylase retained its original configuration. Moreover, the changes in particle size distribution and ζ-potential showed a significant effect of sc-CO2 treatment on the aggregation and dissociation of the selected enzymes. The results of this study confirm that sc-CO2 technology can be effectively used as an environmentally friendly technology to control the activity of major flour enzymes by altering their structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Ivanović
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (M.I.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Željko Knez
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (M.I.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Leitgeb
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (M.I.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Lu C, Chai Y, Xu X, Wang Z, Bao Y, Fei Z. Large-scale in situ self-assembly and doping engineering of zinc ferrite nanoclusters for high performance bioimaging. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 229:113473. [PMID: 37517338 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanomaterials has good biocompatibility and safety, and has been used as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, its clinical usefulness is hampered by its difficult preparation on large scale, its rapid clearance in vivo and low target tissue enrichment efficiency. Here, we report the synthesis of water-soluble, biocompatible, superparamagnetic non-stoichiometric zinc ferrite nanoclusters (nZFNCs) of approximately 50 g in a single batch using a one-pot synthesis technique. nZFNCs is a secondary cluster structure with a size of about 40 nm composed of zinc-doped iron oxide nanoparticles with a size of about 6 nm. The surface of nZFNCS is endowed with a large number of carboxyl groups as active sites. By simply controlling the synthesis process and adjusting the proportion of metal precursors, the amount of zinc doping can be controlled, while maintaining the same size to ensure similar pharmacokinetics. Compared with undoped, the magnetic responsiveness and relaxation efficiency of nZFNCs are significantly improved, and the transverse relaxation efficiency (r2) can reach 425.5 mM-1 s-1 (doping amount x = 0.25), which is 7 times higher than that of commercial Resovist and 10 times higher than that of Feridex. In vivo imaging results also further confirmed the excellent contrast enhancement performance of the nanoclusters, which can achieve high contrast for more than 2 h in the liver. The advantage of this platform over comparable systems is that the contrast enhancement features are derived from simple techniques that do not require complex physical and chemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chichong Lu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Yuyun Chai
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Xue Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Yingjie Bao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Zihan Fei
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
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6
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Dahiya M, Awasthi R, Yadav JP, Sharma S, Dua K, Dureja H. Chitosan based sorafenib tosylate loaded magnetic nanoparticles: Formulation and in-vitro characterization. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124919. [PMID: 37196717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles are used for various biomedical applications. This study reported the development of nanoparticles with magnetic properties by embedding magnetite particles in the drug-loaded, crosslinked matrix of chitosan. Sorafenib tosylate-loaded magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by a modified ionic-gelation method. Particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, and entrapment efficiency of nanoparticles were in the range of 95.6 ± 3.4 nm to 440.9 ± 7.3 nm, 12.8 ± 0.8 mV to 27.3 ± 1.1 mV, 0.289 ± 0.011 to 0.571 ± 0.011, and 54.36 ± 1.26 % to 79.67 ± 1.40 %, respectively. The XRD spectrum of formulation CMP-5 confirmed the amorphous nature of the loaded drug in nanoparticles. TEM image confirmed the spherical shape of nanoparticles. Atomic force microscopic image of formulation CMP-5 indicated a mean surface roughness of 10.3597 nm. The magnetization saturation of formulation CMP-5 was 24.74 emu/g. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that formulation CMP-5's g-Lande's factor was 4.27, which was extremely near to the 4.30 (usual for Fe3+ ions). Residual paramagnetic Fe3+ ions may be responsible for paramagnetic origin. The data suggests superparamagnetic nature of particles. Formulations released 28.66 ± 1.22 % to 53.24 ± 1.95 % and 70.13 ± 1.72 % to 92.48 ± 1.32 % of the loaded drug after 24 h in pH 6.8 and pH 1.2, respectively. The IC50 value of formulation CMP-5 was 54.75 μg/mL in HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Dahiya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences & Technology, UPES University, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jaya Parkash Yadav
- Indira Gandhi University, Meerpur, Rewari 123401, Haryana, India; Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Shammi Sharma
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India.
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7
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Zheng B, Kou X, Liu C, Wang Y, Yu Y, Ma J, Liu Y, Xue Z. Effect of nanopackaging on the quality of edible mushrooms and its action mechanism: A review. Food Chem 2023; 407:135099. [PMID: 36508864 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With higher demands for food packaging and the development of nanotechnology, nanopackaging is becoming a research hotspot in the field of food packaging because of its superb preservation effect, and it can effectively resist oxidation and regulates energy metabolism to maintain the quality and prolong the shelf life of mushrooms. Furthermore, under the background of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, nanomaterials could be a potential tool to prevent virus transmission because of their excellent antiviral activities. However, the investigation and application of nanopackaging are facing many challenges including costs, environmental pollution, poor in-depth genetic research for mechanisms and so on. This article reviews the preservation effect and mechanisms of nanopackaging on the quality of mushrooms and discusses the trends and challenges of using these materials in food packaging technologies with the focus on nanotechnology and based on recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaohong Kou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chunlong Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Dynamiker Biotechnology(Tianjin) Co., Ltd., China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yue Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Juan Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yazhou Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhaohui Xue
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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8
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Kučuk N, Primožič M, Knez Ž, Leitgeb M. Sustainable Biodegradable Biopolymer-Based Nanoparticles for Healthcare Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3188. [PMID: 36834596 PMCID: PMC9964453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopolymeric nanoparticles are gaining importance as nanocarriers for various biomedical applications, enabling long-term and controlled release at the target site. Since they are promising delivery systems for various therapeutic agents and offer advantageous properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and stability compared to various toxic metal nanoparticles, we decided to provide an overview on this topic. Therefore, the review focuses on the use of biopolymeric nanoparticles of animal, plant, algal, fungal, and bacterial origin as a sustainable material for potential use as drug delivery systems. A particular focus is on the encapsulation of many different therapeutic agents categorized as bioactive compounds, drugs, antibiotics, and other antimicrobial agents, extracts, and essential oils into protein- and polysaccharide-based nanocarriers. These show promising benefits for human health, especially for successful antimicrobial and anticancer activity. The review article, divided into protein-based and polysaccharide-based biopolymeric nanoparticles and further according to the origin of the biopolymer, enables the reader to select the appropriate biopolymeric nanoparticles more easily for the incorporation of the desired component. The latest research results from the last five years in the field of the successful production of biopolymeric nanoparticles loaded with various therapeutic agents for healthcare applications are included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Kučuk
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Primožič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Željko Knez
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Leitgeb
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Hansapaiboon S, Bulatao BP, Sorasitthiyanukarn FN, Jantaratana P, Nalinratana N, Vajragupta O, Rojsitthisak P, Rojsitthisak P. Fabrication of Curcumin Diethyl γ-Aminobutyrate-Loaded Chitosan-Coated Magnetic Nanocarriers for Improvement of Cytotoxicity against Breast Cancer Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245563. [PMID: 36559930 PMCID: PMC9785553 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study shows the effectiveness of magnetic-guide targeting in the delivery of curcumin diethyl γ-aminobutyrate (CUR-2GE), a prodrug of curcumin (CUR) previously synthesized to overcome unfavorable physicochemical properties of CUR. In this study, chitosan (Ch)-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Ch-IONPs) were fabricated and optimized using Box-Behnken design-based response surface methodology for delivery of CUR-2GE. Ch was used as a coating material on the nanoparticle surface to avoid aggregation. The optimized condition for preparing Ch-IONPs consisted of using 4 mg Ch fabricated at pH 11 under a reaction temperature of 85 °C. The optimized Ch-IONPs were successfully loaded with CUR-2GE with sufficient loading capacity (1.72 ± 0.01%) and encapsulation efficiency (94.9 ± 0.8%). The obtained CUR-2GE-loaded Ch-IONPs (CUR-2GE-Ch-IONPs) exhibited desirable characteristics including a particle size of less than 50 nm based on TEM images, superparamagnetic property, highly crystalline IONP core, sufficient stability, and sustained-release profile. In the presence of permanent magnets, CUR-2GE-Ch-IONPs significantly increased cellular uptake and cytotoxicity toward MDA-MB-231 with a 12-fold increase in potency compared to free CUR-2GE, indicating the potential of magnetic-field assisted delivery of CUR-2GE-Ch-IONPs for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supakarn Hansapaiboon
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Bryan Paul Bulatao
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Feuangthit Niyamissara Sorasitthiyanukarn
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pongsakorn Jantaratana
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Nonthaneth Nalinratana
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Opa Vajragupta
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Molecular Probes for Imaging Research Network, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pranee Rojsitthisak
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2-218-4221
| | - Pornchai Rojsitthisak
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Sun P, Wu H, He H, Zhang L, Liu Y, Zhang C, Lou C, Li J, Bai H. Delivery of rivaroxaban and chitosan rapamycin microparticle with dual antithrombosis and antiproliferation functions inhibits venous neointimal hyperplasia. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1994-2001. [PMID: 35762638 PMCID: PMC9246098 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2092240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neointimal hyperplasia is a complex process after vascular interventions, acute platelet deposition and smooth muscle cell proliferation both contributed to this process. There are still no perfect solutions to solve this problem. Rivaroxaban is a novel anticoagulant that has been widely used in clinic, it has a good pharmacological effects both in vivo and in vitro. Chitosan microparticle rapamycin (MP-rapa) was fabricated, interspaces of polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffold were used as a reservoir of MP-rapa, and the scaffold was coated with hyaluronic acid rivaroxaban (MP-rapa-riva). Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) photographs were taken and water contact angles were measured, rat inferior vena cava (IVC) patch venoplasty model was used; patches were harvested at day 14 and examined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. SEM photographs showed the microparticles rapamycin were inside the interspace of the scaffold, hyaluronic acid rivaroxaban was also successfully coated onto the surface of the scaffold. There was a thinner neointima, fewer proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positive cells, fewer macrophages in the MP-rapa and MP-rapa-riva grafts compared to the control PGA graft. The result showed that this scaffold with dual anticoagulation and antiproliferation functions can effectively inhibit venous neointimal hyperplasia, although this is an animal experiment, it showed promising potential clinical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Haoliang Wu
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Hao He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Yuanfeng Liu
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Chunyang Lou
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Jingan Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering & Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy & Key Laboratory of materials processing and mold technology (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hualong Bai
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China,Key Vascular Physiology and Applied Research Laboratory of Zhengzhou City, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China,CONTACT Hualong Bai ; Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China, 450052
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11
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Leitgeb M, Knez Ž, Hojnik Podrepšek G. Effect of Green Food Processing Technology on the Enzyme Activity in Spelt Flour. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233832. [PMID: 36496639 PMCID: PMC9737601 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, a new approach to enzyme inactivation in flour was presented by supercritical technology, considered a sustainable technology with lower energy consumption compared to other technologies that use ultra-high temperature processing. Total protein concentration and the activity of enzymes α-amylase, lipase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and protease were determined in flour pre-treated with scCO2. During the study, it was observed that the activity of enzymes such as lipase and polyphenol oxidase, was significantly reduced under certain conditions of scCO2 treatment, while the enzymes α-amylase and protease show better stability. In particular, polyphenol oxidase was effectively inactivated below the 60% of preserved activity at 200 bar and 3 h, whereas α-amylase under the same conditions retained its activity. Additionally, the moisture content of the scCO2-treated spelt flour was reduced by 5%, and the fat content was reduced by 58%, while the quality of scCO2-treated flour was maintained. In this regard, the sustainable scCO2 process could be a valuable tool for controlling the enzymatic activity of spelt flour since the use of scCO2 technology has a positive effect on the quality of flour, which was verified by the baking performance of spelt flour with the baked spelt bread as an indicator of quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Leitgeb
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-2-2294-462
| | - Željko Knez
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Gordana Hojnik Podrepšek
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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12
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Biosynthesis MgO and ZnO nanoparticles using chitosan extracted from Pimelia Payraudi Latreille for antibacterial applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 39:19. [PMID: 36409376 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03464-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) is one of the most abundant biopolymers in nature with superior properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, lack of toxicity, antimicrobial activity, acceleration of wound healing, and stimulation of the immune system. In this study, chitosan was extracted from the exoskeletons of beetles (Pimelia payraudi latreille) and then used for the biosynthesis of highly pure MgO NPs and ZnO NPs by a facile greener route. The extracted chitosan exhibited excellent physicochemical properties, including high extraction yield (39%), high degree of deacetylation (90%), low ash content (1%), high fat-binding capacity (366%), and unusual crystallinity index (51%). The MgO NPs and ZnO NPs exhibited a spherical morphology with crystallite sizes of 17 nm and 29 nm, particle sizes of about 20-70 nm and 30-60 nm, and band gap energies of 4.43 and 3.34 eV, respectively. Antibacterial assays showed that the extracted chitosan exhibited high antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, while ZnO NPs showed much stronger antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria than against Gram-negative bacteria. For MgO NPs, the antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria was lower than against Gram-negative bacteria. The results suggest that the synthesized MgO NPs and ZnO NPs are excellent antibacterial agents for therapeutic applications.
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13
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Saber Braim F, Noor Ashikin Nik Ab Razak N, Abdul Aziz A, Qasim Ismael L, Kayode Sodipo B. Ultrasound assisted chitosan coated iron oxide nanoparticles: Influence of ultrasonic irradiation on the crystallinity, stability, toxicity and magnetization of the functionalized nanoparticles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 88:106072. [PMID: 35772239 PMCID: PMC9253479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Due to unique reaction conditions of the acoustic cavitation process, ultrasound-assisted synthesis of nanoparticles has attracted increased research attention. In this study, we demonstrate the effect of ultrasonic irradiation on the crystallinity, stability, biocompatibility, and magnetic properties of chitosan-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (CS-SPIONs). CS solution and colloidal suspension of SPIONs were mixed and sonicated using an ultrasonic probe of 1.3 cm tip size horn, frequency (20 kHz), and power (750 W). Different samples were sonicated for 1.5, 5, and 10 min with corresponding acoustic powers of 67, 40 and 36 W, and the samples were denoted S1.5, S5, and S10, respectively. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Transmission electronic microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Zeta sizer, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Cell cytotoxicity and cell uptake were investigated with human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK-293) cells through MTT assay and Prussian blue staining, respectively. The sharp peaks of the XRD pattern were disappearing with an increase in the sonication period but a decrease in acoustic power. EDX analysis also demonstrates that atomic and weight percentages of the various elements in the samples were decreasing with an increase in the sonication period. However, the Zeta potential (ζ) values increase with an increase in the sonication period.The saturation magnetization (Ms) of the S1.5 before and after the coating is 62.95 and 86.93 emu/g, respectively. Cell cytotoxicity and uptake of the S1.5 show that above 70% of cells were viable at the highest concentration and the longest incubation duration. Importantly, the CS-SPIONs synthesized by the sonochemical method are non-toxic and biocompatible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhank Saber Braim
- Nano-Optoelectronic Research and Technology Lab (NORLab), School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia; Nano-Biotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia; Department of Physics, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Nik Noor Ashikin Nik Ab Razak
- Nano-Optoelectronic Research and Technology Lab (NORLab), School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Azlan Abdul Aziz
- Nano-Optoelectronic Research and Technology Lab (NORLab), School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia; Nano-Biotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Layla Qasim Ismael
- Nano-Biotechnology Research and Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Bashiru Kayode Sodipo
- Department of Physics, Kaduna State University, Nigeria; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Turkey.
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14
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Enzyme Activity and Physiochemical Properties of Flour after Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Processing. Foods 2022; 11:foods11131826. [PMID: 35804642 PMCID: PMC9265740 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to inactivate the enzymes α-amylase, lipase, protease, and peroxidase in flour with supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2), and to optimize the enzymatic treatment conditions. Enzyme inactivation is important, due to the undesirability of certain flour enzymes that cause adverse reactions during storage as unpleasant rancidity of flour, and, at the same time, reduce the shelf life of flour. Therefore, crude enzymes and flour were initially exposed to scCO2 to determine the effect on specific enzyme activity under appropriate conditions. The activity of the unwanted enzymes lipase and peroxidase decreased under optimal process conditions of scCO2 exposure, lipase by 30%, and peroxidase by 12%, respectively. It was discovered that the inactivation of enzymes in wheat flour occurred, where, at the same time, this sustainable method allows the regulation of enzyme activity in the baking process. Afterwards, the effect of scCO2 on the physicochemical properties of flour, morphological changes on starch granules, and content of total lipids was studied. In scCO2-treated white wheat flour, the fat content decreased by 46.15 ± 0.5%, the grain structure was not damaged, and the bread as the final product had a lower specific surface volume. Therefore, this could be a promising technology for flour pretreatment, potentially impacting the prolonging of its shelf-life.
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15
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Farrag SA, Rageh AH, Askal HF, Saleh GA. Biocompatible magnetite nanoparticles coated with ionic liquid-based surfactantas a hydrophilic sorbent for dispersive solid phase microextraction of cephalosporins prior to their quantitation by HPTLC. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1205:123339. [PMID: 35724551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Extraction of highly hydrophilic compounds from biological fluids including urine or plasma samples is a dilemma due to high hydrophilicity of the matrix itself. The main aim of the current work is to explore the competence of ionic liquid (IL)-based surfactant-coated mineral oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in dispersive solid-phase microextraction (d-SPME) of highly hydrophilic analytes taking cefoperazone (CPZ) as a model analyte for the study. The IL-based surfactant coated Fe3O4 NPs is utilized as an innovative adsorbent for the separation and pre-concentration of CPZ after intramuscular injection (I.M) in rabbits. The utilized magnetite NPs were synthesized via simple and reliable co-precipitation procedure, which doesn't require any air-free environment and depends on a single iron (III) salt. Characterization of the as-synthesized NPs was achieved by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). Surface area measurements show that Fe3O4 NPs have large surface area of 75 m2 g-1. The developed approach utilizes the unique properties of the IL-based surfactant including multiple polar interaction types provided by the polar head in addition to merits of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which include large adsorptive capacity and magnetic properties, to improve separation, save time, and achieve satisfactory recovery. Comprehensive study was developed for the factors, that affect the adsorption capacity such as pH, NPs amount, IL-based surfactant concentration, ionic strength, adsorption time, and desorption conditions. Moreover, the adsorption data was fitted to Langmuir and second-order kinetic models as reflected by the reasonable determination coefficients of 0.9319 and 0.9726, respectively. Under the optimized conditions, the developed approach achieves good correlation coefficient of 0.9975, and 0.9981 over linearity range of 0.7-12.0 and 4.0-50.0 µg mL-1 for both CPZ standard solutions and spiked rabbit plasma, respectively. It also provides good sensitivity expressed by the low values of limit of detection (LOD) of 0.2 and 1.2 µg mL-1 and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.7 and 4.0 µg mL-1 for both the standard solutions and spiked plasma, respectively. The developed approach was also applied successfully for monitoring CPZ in rabbit plasma samples with satisfactory recovery % (83-110). In addition, a detailed pharmacokinetic study is performed where pharmacokinetic parameters of CPZ in rabbit plasma samples were calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azza H Rageh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
| | - Hassan F Askal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Gamal A Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, Merit University, New Sohag, Sohag, Egypt
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16
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Gouda M, Ibrahim HIM, Negm A. Chitosan Containing Nano Zn-Organic Framework: Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:1276. [PMID: 35406150 PMCID: PMC9002788 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A biologically active agent based on a Zn-1,3,5-benzen tricarboxylic acid (Zn-BTC) framework incorporated into a chitosan (CS) biopolymer (Zn-BTC@CS) was successfully synthesized using a microwave irradiation technique. The synthesized Zn-BTC@CS was characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the obtained data indicated a highly smooth surface morphology of the synthesized Zn-BTC and no morphological changes when the Zn-BTC covered the CS. In addition, the particle size diameter varied from 20 to 40 nm. XRD displayed a well-maintained Zn-BTC structure, and the crystal structure of Zn-BTC was not distorted by the composition of Zn-BTC and chitosan in the nanocomposite. Data from BET analysis revealed that the specific surface area of the Zn-BTC was reduced from 995.15 m2/g to 15.16 m2/g after coating with chitosan. The pore size distribution and pore volume of the Zn-BTC, Zn-BTC@CS were centered at 37.26 nm and at 22.5 nm, respectively. Zn-BTC@CS exhibited anticancer efficacy against lung and colon cancer cell lines. Zn-BTC@CS inhibited the proliferation of A549 and DLD-1 cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 13.2 and 19.8 µg/mL for the colon and lung cancer cell lines, respectively. Zn-BTC@CS stimulated the apoptotic process through up-regulating P53 expression and down-regulating Bcl-2 expression. Moreover, Zn-BTC@CS induced in vitro DNA fragmentation in both cancer cell lines with significantly different affinity by 66% (A549) and 20% (DLD-1) versus 52% reduction by Cisplatin. Zn-BTC@CS (IC50) exhibited anti-invasive activity and dramatically inhibited the migration of lung and colon cancer cell lines. This study provides evidence that Zn-BTC@CS targets the essential proteins involved in proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis. Thus, Zn-BTC@CS has chemotherapeutic potential for inhibiting lung and colon cancer viability and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Gouda
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Amr Negm
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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17
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Hojnik Podrepšek G, Knez Ž, Leitgeb M. The Synthesis of (Magnetic) Crosslinked Enzyme Aggregates With Laccase, Cellulase, β-Galactosidase and Transglutaminase. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:813919. [PMID: 35309987 PMCID: PMC8927696 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.813919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immobilized enzymes have important aspects due to the fact that they possess higher stability, have the possibility to be easily removed from the reaction mixture, and are much easier to use when compared to free enzymes. In this research, the enzymes laccase, cellulase, β-galactosidase (β-gal), and transglutaminase (TGM) were immobilized by two different methods: crosslinked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) and magnetic crosslinked enzyme aggregates (mCLEAs). The processes for CLEAs and mCLEAs preparation with different enzymes have been optimized, where the aim was to achieve the highest possible relative activity of the immobilized enzyme. The optimal conditions of the synthesis of CLEAs in mCLEAs are described, thus emphasizing the difference between the two types of immobilization based on different enzymes. This comparative study, which represents the synthesis of crosslinked enzyme aggregates using different enzymes, has not been performed so far. Moreover, the obtained activity of CLEAs and mCLEAs is presented, which is important for further use in different biocatalytic processes. Specifically, of a higher importance is the selection of enzymes involved in immobilization, as they belong to the three different most applicable enzymes (oxidoreductases, hydrolases, and transferases). The study confirmed that the resulting activity of the immobilized enzyme and the optimization of enzyme immobilization depended on the type of the enzyme. Moreover, the prepared CLEAs and mCLEAs were exposed to the supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) at different pressures to determine the effect of scCO2 on enzyme activity in immobilized form. Additionally, to demonstrate the reuse and stability of the immobilized enzyme, the stability and reusability tests of CLEAs and mCLEAs were performed. The catalytic performance of immobilized enzyme was tested, where the catalytic efficiency and long-term operational stability of mCLEAs were obviously superior to those of CLEAs. However, the higher activity observed for CLEAs compared to mCLEAs suggests a significant effect of magnetic nanoparticles in the stabilization of an enzyme crosslinked aggregate structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Hojnik Podrepšek
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Željko Knez
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Leitgeb
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Maja Leitgeb,
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18
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Carli S, Salgado JCS, Meleiro LP, Ward RJ. Covalent Immobilization of Chondrostereum purpureum Endopolygalacturonase on Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles: Catalytic Properties and Biotechnological Application. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:848-861. [PMID: 34553326 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03688-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pectinases are widely used in a variety of industrial processes. However, their application is limited by low catalytic processivity, reduced stability, high cost, and poor re-use compatibility. These drawbacks may be overcome by enzyme immobilization with ferromagnetic nanoparticles, which are easily recovered by a magnetic field. In this work, an endopolygalacturonase from Chondrostereum purpureum (EndoPGCp) expressed in Pichia pastoris was immobilized on glutaraldehyde-activated chitosan ferromagnetic nanoparticles (EndoPGCp-MNP) and used to supplement a commercial enzyme cocktail. No significant differences in biochemical and kinetic properties were observed between EndoPGCp-MNP and EndoPGCp, although the EndoPGCp-MNP showed slightly increased thermostability. Cocktail supplementation with EndoPGCp-MNP increased reducing sugar release from orange wastes by 1.8-fold and showed a synergistic effect as compared to the free enzyme. Furthermore, EndoPGCp-MNP retained 65% of the initial activity after 7 cycles of re-use. These properties suggest that EndoPGCp-MNP may find applications in the processing of pectin-rich agroindustrial residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibeli Carli
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências E Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Jose Carlos Santos Salgado
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências E Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Luana Parras Meleiro
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências E Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Richard John Ward
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências E Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-901, Brazil.
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19
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Potlog T, Popusoi A, Lungu I, Robu S, Bulimestru I. Photophysics of tetracarboxy-zinc phthalocyanine photosensitizers. RSC Adv 2022; 12:31778-31785. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05676c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A ZnPc(COOH)4/Fe3O4/Ch photosensitizer was synthesized by immobilization of ZnPc(COOH)4 onto Fe3O4/chitosan nanoparticles by a simple immersion method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Potlog
- Physics Department and Engineering, Moldova State University, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Ana Popusoi
- The Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Moldova State University, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Ion Lungu
- Physics Department and Engineering, Moldova State University, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Stefan Robu
- The Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Moldova State University, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Ion Bulimestru
- The Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Moldova State University, Chisinau, Moldova
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20
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Tripathy S, Chalana AK, Talukdar A, Rajesh PV, Saha A, Pramanik G, Ghosh S. Limited-resource preparable chitosan magnetic particles for extracting amplification-ready nucleic acid from complex biofluids. Analyst 2021; 147:165-177. [PMID: 34870658 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01150b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Extraction and concentration of pure nucleic acid from complex biofluids are the prerequisite for nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) applications in pathogen detection, biowarfare prevention, and genetic diseases. However, conventional spin-column mediated nucleic acid extraction is constricted by the requirement for costly power-intensive centralized lab infrastructure, making it unsuitable for limited-resource settings. Significant progress in lab-on-a-chip devices or cartridges (e.g., Cepheid GeneXpert®) that integrate nucleic acid extraction and amplification has been made, but these approaches either require additional equipment or are costly. Similarly, their complexities make them difficult to fabricate in low-resource settings by the end-user themselves. The application of magnetic particles such as silica-coated iron oxide beads for nucleic acid extraction is relatively instrument-free, rapid, user-friendly, and amenable to automation. But, they rely on hazardous chaotropic salt chemistry and ethanol desalting that could limit their efficacy for downstream NAATs. Recent advances in several types of novel material (e.g., polyamine) coated magnetic bead-based chaotropic salt-free extraction methods offer a possible solution to this problem. However, these materials also involve multistep synthesis impermissible in limited-resource settings. To offer a possible instrument-free magnetic particle-based nucleic acid extraction doable at limited-resource settings, we investigated the nucleic acid capture ability of two chitosan-coated magnetic particles that are preparable by minimally trained personnel using only a water bath and a magnetic stirrer within 6-8 h. We quantitatively probed the efficiency of the passive (without any electrical shaking or vortex-aided) DNA magnetocapture (i.e., binding to chitosan magnetic particles, physical separation from its sample of origin, and release from the particles) using UV260. To explore their suitability towards clinically relevant sensitive downstream NAATs, 100-1000 copies (i.e., in the order of zeptomole) of Escherichia coli (E. coli) or human genomic DNA from aqueous solution, crude cell lysate, and fetal bovine serum were extracted by them and then successfully detected using quantitative real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) or real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Alongside, their suitability with gel-based LAMP, colorimetric LAMP, and in situ (on beads) LAMP was also probed. The required optimization of the amplification methods has been discussed. Overall, the turnaround time for the magnetocapture combined with NAAT was 1.5-2 h and is thus expected to aid in rapid clinical decision making. With the ease of preparation, reproducibility, and compatibility with downstream NAATs, we anticipate that these magnetic particles would facilitate the expansion and decentralization of nucleic acid-based diagnosis for limited-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Tripathy
- Department of Chemistry, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
| | - Ashish Kumar Chalana
- Department of Chemistry, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
| | - Arunansu Talukdar
- Department of Medicine, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - P V Rajesh
- UGC-DAE CSR, Kolkata Centre, Sector III, LB-8, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata - 700 106, India
| | - Abhijit Saha
- UGC-DAE CSR, Kolkata Centre, Sector III, LB-8, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata - 700 106, India
| | - Goutam Pramanik
- UGC-DAE CSR, Kolkata Centre, Sector III, LB-8, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata - 700 106, India
| | - Souradyuti Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India. .,Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
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21
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Shaumbwa VR, Liu D, Archer B, Li J, Su F. Preparation and application of magnetic chitosan in environmental remediation and other fields: A review. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veino Risto Shaumbwa
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environment Science & Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China
| | - Dagang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environment Science & Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China
| | - Bright Archer
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environment Science & Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China
| | - Jinlei Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Fan Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environment Science & Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China
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22
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Appu M, Lian Z, Zhao D, Huang J. Biosynthesis of chitosan-coated iron oxide (Fe 3O 4) hybrid nanocomposites from leaf extracts of Brassica oleracea L. and study on their antibacterial potentials. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:271. [PMID: 34017676 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02820-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we prepared chitosan (CS)-coated iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanocomposites (NCs) by employing the aqueous leaf extract of Brassica oleracea L. and evaluated its antimicrobial potential. The characterization of hybrid CS-Fe3O4 NCs was performed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis to evaluate the chemical bonding of chitosan to nanoparticles (NPs). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies revealed the presence of oxidation state elements Fe 2p, O 1s, N 1s, and C 1s, and the zeta potential analysis was found to have well-colloidal stability (+ 76.9 mV) of NCs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis determined that CS-Fe3O4 NCs were spherical with an average particle size of 27 nm. The X-ray diffractometer (XRD) spectrum ascertained the crystallinity of the hybrid NCs and the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) inferred the ferromagnetic behavior of the synthesized NCs. Furthermore, the significant antibacterial efficacy of NPs was demonstrated against foodborne bacterial pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the highest zone of inhibition was observed to be 11.5 mm and 13.5 mm in CS-Fe3O4 NCs, respectively. In comparison with Fe3O4 NPs, synergistic impacts of CS-Fe3O4 NCs displayed great antibacterial potential as exhibited by a clearly enlarged zone. Thus, CS-Fe3O4 NCs could be used as efficacious antimicrobial agents in food packaging and food preservation fields.
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Wang Z, Liu W, Liu W, Ma Y, Li Y, Wang B, Wei X, Liu Z, Song H. Co-immobilized recombinant glycosyltransferases efficiently convert rebaudioside A to M in cascade. RSC Adv 2021; 11:15785-15794. [PMID: 35481200 PMCID: PMC9029319 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10574k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rebaudioside M (Reb M), as a natural and healthy Stevia sweetener, is produced by two glycosyltransferases that catalyze the serial glycosylation of Rebaudioside A (Reb A) and Rebaudioside D (Reb D) in cascade. Meanwhile, it is of great importance in developing an immobilization strategy to improve the reusability of glycosyltransferases in reducing the production cost of Reb M. Here, the recombinant glycosyltransferases, i.e., OsEUGT11 (UGT1) and SrUGT76G1 (UGT2), were expressed in Escherichia coli and covalently immobilized onto chitosan beads. UGT1 and UGT2 were individually immobilized and co-immobilized onto the beads that catalyze Reb A to Reb M in one-pot. The co-immobilized enzymes system exhibited ∼3.2-fold higher activity than that of the mixed immobilized enzymes system. A fairly high Reb A conversion rate (97.3%) and a high Reb M yield of 72.2% (4.82 ± 0.11 g L-1) were obtained with a feeding Reb A concentration of 5 g L-1. Eventually, after 4 and 8 reused cycles, the co-immobilized enzymes retained 72.5% and 53.1% of their original activity, respectively, showing a high stability to minimize the total cost of enzymes and suggesting that the co-immobilized UGTs is of potentially signficant value for the production of Reb M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyang Wang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 China
- R&D Division, Sinochem Health Company Ltd. Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Qingdo Institute of Ocean Engineering of Tianjin University Qingdao 266237 China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Qingdo Institute of Ocean Engineering of Tianjin University Qingdao 266237 China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Biomass Conversion Laboratory, Tianjin R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Frontier Technology Institute (Wuqing), Tianjin University Tianjin 30072 China
| | - Yatong Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Qingdo Institute of Ocean Engineering of Tianjin University Qingdao 266237 China
| | - Baoqi Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Qingdo Institute of Ocean Engineering of Tianjin University Qingdao 266237 China
| | - Xiaozhen Wei
- R&D Division, Sinochem Health Company Ltd. Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Zhiming Liu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 China
| | - Hao Song
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Qingdo Institute of Ocean Engineering of Tianjin University Qingdao 266237 China
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- Frontier Technology Institute (Wuqing), Tianjin University Tianjin 30072 China
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24
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Primožič M, Knez Ž, Leitgeb M. (Bio)nanotechnology in Food Science-Food Packaging. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:292. [PMID: 33499415 PMCID: PMC7911006 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background: Bionanotechnology, as a tool for incorporation of biological molecules into nanoartifacts, is gaining more and more importance in the field of food packaging. It offers an advanced expectation of food packaging that can ensure longer shelf life of products and safer packaging with improved food quality and traceability. Scope and approach: This review recent focuses on advances in food nanopackaging, including bio-based, improved, active, and smart packaging. Special emphasis is placed on bio-based packaging, including biodegradable packaging and biocompatible packaging, which presents an alternative to most commonly used non-degradable polymer materials. Safety and environmental concerns of (bio)nanotechnology implementation in food packaging were also discussed including new EU directives. Conclusions: The use of nanoparticles and nanocomposites in food packaging increases the mechanical strength and properties of the water and oxygen barrier of packaging and may provide other benefits such as antimicrobial activity and light-blocking properties. Concerns about the migration of nanoparticles from packaging to food have been expressed, but migration tests and risk assessment are unclear. Presumed toxicity, lack of additional data from clinical trials and risk assessment studies limit the use of nanomaterials in the food packaging sector. Therefore, an assessment of benefits and risks must be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Primožič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (M.P.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Željko Knez
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (M.P.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Leitgeb
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (M.P.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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