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Gupta AR, Rank M, Singh A, Sharma S. Design and Fabrication of Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Porous Metallo-Polymeric Microsphere for Water Disinfection. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2400004. [PMID: 38520297 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202400004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
An expedient and efficient approach is used to synthesize a new class of metallo-polymeric microspheres (MPMs) as antimicrobials to succumb the wide range of bacteria from water. Three types of MPMs, that is, poly[Silver (I)-methacrylate-co-methylmethacrylate] (pAgMA), poly[Copper (II)-methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate] (pCuMA), and poly[Nickel (II)-methacrylate-co-methylmethacrylate] (pNiMA), are prepared via radical suspension polymerization technique in 3D shape with porous texture. The structural and morphological characterization of the prepared microspheres are examined by analytical techniques. The antimicrobial potentialities of prepared MPMs are investigated at the laboratory scale study, revealing that the MPMs exhibit strong antibacterial activity (≈99.9% killing) against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria [Enterobacter hormaechei (EH), Bacillus megatarium (BM), and Bacillus bataviensis (BB)]. The MacConkey agar medium test reveals that MPMs have substantial biocidal efficacy against broad-spectrum Gram-negative bacteria present in tap water. The MPMs exhibit significant antimicrobial efficacy via contact killing owe to the presence of integrated biocidal metal moiety, which represents that the MPMs are safe for water disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil R Gupta
- Membrane Science & Separation Technology Division, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Monika Rank
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Aneesha Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Saroj Sharma
- Membrane Science & Separation Technology Division, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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2
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Yang X, Wang Z, Xu J, Zhang C, Gao P, Zhu L. Effects of dissolved organic matter on the environmental behavior and toxicity of metal nanomaterials: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142208. [PMID: 38704042 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Metal nanomaterials (MNMs) have been released into the environment during their usage in various products, and their environmental behaviors directly impact their toxicity. Numerous environmental factors potentially affect the behaviors and toxicity of MNMs with dissolved organic matter (DOM) playing the most essential role. Abundant facts showing contradictory results about the effects of DOM on MNMs, herein the occurrence of DOM on the environmental process change of MNMs such as dissolution, dispersion, aggregation, and surface transformation were summarized. We also reviewed the effects of MNMs on organisms and their mechanisms in the environment such as acute toxicity, oxidative stress, oxidative damage, growth inhibition, photosynthesis, reproductive toxicity, and malformation. The presence of DOM had the potential to reduce or enhance the toxicity of MNMs by altering the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, dissolution, stability, and electrostatic repulsion of MNMs. Furthermore, we summarized the factors that affected different toxicity including specific organisms, DOM concentration, DOM types, light conditions, detection time, and production methods of MNMs. However, the more detailed mechanism of interaction between DOM and MNMs needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Yang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhangjia Wang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Environment & Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, United States
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
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Irfan M, Mészáros I, Szabó S, Oláh V. Comparative Phytotoxicity of Metallic Elements on Duckweed Lemna gibba L. Using Growth- and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction-Based Endpoints. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:215. [PMID: 38256768 PMCID: PMC10821045 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we exposed a commonly used duckweed species-Lemna gibba L.-to twelve environmentally relevant metals and metalloids under laboratory conditions. The phytotoxic effects were evaluated in a multi-well-plate-based experimental setup by means of the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging method. This technique allowed the simultaneous measuring of the growth and photosynthetic parameters in the same samples. The inhibition of relative growth rates (based on frond number and area) and photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fo and Y(II)) were both calculated from the obtained chlorophyll fluorescence images. In the applied test system, growth-inhibition-based phytotoxicity endpoints proved to be more sensitive than chlorophyll-fluorescence-based ones. Frond area growth inhibition was the most responsive parameter with a median EC50 of 1.75 mg L-1, while Fv/Fo, the more responsive chlorophyll-fluorescence-based endpoint, resulted in a 5.34 mg L-1 median EC50 for the tested metals. Ag (EC50 0.005-1.27 mg L-1), Hg (EC50 0.24-4.87 mg L-1) and Cu (EC50 0.37-1.86 mg L-1) were the most toxic elements among the tested ones, while As(V) (EC50 47.15-132.18 mg L-1), Cr(III) (EC50 6.22-19.92 mg L-1), Se(VI) (EC50 1.73-10.39 mg L-1) and Zn (EC50 3.88-350.56 mg L-1) were the least toxic ones. The results highlighted that multi-well-plate-based duckweed phytotoxicity assays may reduce space, time and sample volume requirements compared to the standard duckweed growth inhibition tests. These benefits, however, come with lowered test sensitivity. Our multi-well-plate-based test setup resulted in considerably higher median EC50 (3.21 mg L-1) for frond-number-based growth inhibition than the 0.683 mg L-1 median EC50 derived from corresponding data from the literature with standardized Lemna-tests. Under strong acute phytotoxicity, frond parts with impaired photochemical functionality may become undetectable by chlorophyll fluorometers. Consequently, the plant parts that are still detectable display a virtually higher average photosynthetic performance, leading to an underestimation of phytotoxicity. Nevertheless, multi-well-plate-based duckweed phytotoxicity assays, combined with chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, offer definite advantages in the rapid screening of large sample series or multiple species/clones. As chlorophyll fluorescence images provide information both on the photochemical performance of the test plants and their morphology, a joint analysis of the two endpoint groups is recommended in multi-well-plate-based duckweed phytotoxicity assays to maximize the information gained from the tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.I.); (I.M.)
| | - Ilona Mészáros
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.I.); (I.M.)
| | - Sándor Szabó
- Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Nyiregyhaza, H-4401 Nyiregyhaza, Hungary
| | - Viktor Oláh
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.I.); (I.M.)
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Aliko V, Vasjari L, Ibrahimi E, Impellitteri F, Karaj A, Gjonaj G, Piccione G, Arfuso F, Faggio C, Istifli ES. "From shadows to shores"-quantitative analysis of CuO nanoparticle-induced apoptosis and DNA damage in fish erythrocytes: A multimodal approach combining experimental, image-based quantification, docking and molecular dynamics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167698. [PMID: 37832669 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The usage of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) has significantly expanded across industries and biomedical fields. However, the potential toxic effects on non-target organisms and humans lack comprehensive understanding due to limited research on molecular mechanisms. With this study, by combining the 96 h in vivo exposure of crucian carp fish, Carassius carassius, to sub-lethal CuO NPs doses (0.5 and 1 mg/dL) with image-based quantification, and docking and molecular dynamics approaches, we aimed to understand the mechanism of CuO NPs-induced cyto-genotoxicity in the fish erythrocytes. The results revealed that both doses of copper NPs used were toxic to erythrocytes causing oxidative stress response and serious red blood cell morphological abnormalities, and genotoxicity. Docking and 10-ns molecular dynamics confirmed favorable interactions (ΔG = -2.07 kcal mol-1) and structural stability of Band3-CuO NP complex, mainly through formation of H-bonds, implying the potential of CuO NPs to induce mitotic nuclear abnormalities in C. carassius erythrocytes via Band3 inhibition. Moreover, conventional and multiple ligand simultaneous docking with DNA revealed that single, double and triple CuO NPs bind preferentially to AT-rich regions consistently in the minor grooves of DNA. Of note, the DNA-binding strength subtantially increased (ΔG = -2.13 kcal mol-1, ΔG = -4.08 kcal mol-1, and ΔG = -6.03 kcal mol-1, respectively) with an increasing number of docked CuO NPs, suggesting that direct structural perturbation on DNA could also count for the molecular basis of in-vivo induced DNA damage in C. carassius erythrocytes. This study introduces the novel term "erythrotope" to describe comprehensive red blood cell morphological abnormalities. It proves to be a reliable and cost-effective biomarker for evaluating allostatic erythrocyte load in response to metallic nanoparticle exposure, serving as a distinctive fingerprint to assess fish erythrocyte health and physiological fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valbona Aliko
- University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Ledia Vasjari
- University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Eliana Ibrahimi
- University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Federica Impellitteri
- University of Messina, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Messina, Italy.
| | - Ambra Karaj
- University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Grejsi Gjonaj
- University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- University of Messina, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Messina, Italy.
| | - Francesca Arfuso
- University of Messina, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Messina, Italy.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- University of Messina, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Messina, Italy.
| | - Erman S Istifli
- University of Cukurova, Faculty of Science and Literature, Department of Biology, Adana, Turkey
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Hou C, Shi T, Wang W, Han M, Pan X, Wang L, Lee DJ. Toxicological sensitivity of protozoa to pesticides and nanomaterials: A prospect review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139749. [PMID: 37549748 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Protozoa are sensitive indicators of pollutant toxicity. This review presents and discusses the toxicological studies of protozoa and the toxicological conventional test species (Daphnia magna) by pesticides and nanomaterials, particularly comparing the sensitivity of through relative tolerance analysis, Z-score, and species sensitivity index. The sensitivity of different species of protozoa varies greatly. The protozoa Paramecium sp. and Tetrahymena sp. are not sensitive species; conversely, Urostyla sp. is sensitive to dimethoate and nanomaterials Ag-NPs, respectively ZnO-NPs, and CuO-NPs, fits the use as an indicator species on these substances. The prospects to explore scientific toxicity exposure protocols, expand the protozoan species examined, and screen the sensitive species under the protocols are discussed. This prospect review advances the knowledge for including the sensitive protozoa as an indicator species in comprehensive toxicological analysis for pesticides and nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Hou
- Laboratory of Protozoa, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China
| | - Tianyi Shi
- Laboratory of Protozoa, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China
| | - Wenyuan Wang
- Laboratory of Protozoa, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China
| | - Mei Han
- Laboratory of Protozoa, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China
| | - Xuming Pan
- Laboratory of Protozoa, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of Protozoa, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150025, China.
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tang, 999077, Hong Kong.
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6
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Wu G, Gao L, Zhang S, Du D, Xue Y. Effects of copper oxide nanoparticles on reproductive system of zebrafish. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115252. [PMID: 37467561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were regarded as the versatile materials in daily life and the in-depth evaluation of their biological effects is of great concern. Herein the female and male zebrafishes were chosen as the model animals to analyze the reproductive toxicity caused by CuO NPs at low concentration (10, 50 and 100 μg/L) After 20-days exposure, the structure of zebrafish ovary and testis were impaired. Moreover, the contents of 17β-estradiol (E2) in both females and males were increased, while the contents of testosterone (T) were decreased, indicating the imbalanced sex hormones caused by CuO NPs. The expression of genes along the hypothalamic pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis, were examined with quantitative real-time PCR to further evaluate the toxic mechanisms. Meanwhile, the levels of erα/er2β and cyp19a in female zebrafishes and erα/er2β, lhr, hmgra/hmgrb, 3βhsd and 17βhsd in male zebrafishes were obviously up-regulated. While, the level of αr was obviously down-regulated in female and male zebrafishes. Thus, the obtained data uncovered that long-term exposure of CuO NPs with low dose could trigger the endocrine disorder, resulting in the disturbance of E2 and T level, inhibition of gonad development, and alteration of HPG axis genes. In brief, this study enriched the toxicological data of NPs on aquatic vertebrates and provided the theoretical support for assessing the environmental safety of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guizhu Wu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contigency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contigency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shaoming Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Daolin Du
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contigency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Yonglai Xue
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contigency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Campos F, Silva PV, Soares AMVM, Martins R, Loureiro S. Harmonizing nanomaterial exposure methodologies in ecotoxicology: the effects of two innovative nanoclays in the freshwater microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata. Nanotoxicology 2023; 17:401-419. [PMID: 37452626 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2023.2231071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are innovative nanomaterials (NMs) with a typical nanoclay structure (height <40 nm) consisting of layers of metallic cations and hydroxides stabilized by anions and water molecules. Upon specific triggers, anions can exchange by others in the surrounding environment. Due to this stimuli-responsive behavior, LDHs are used as carriers of active ingredients in the industrial or pharmaceutical sectors. Available technical guidelines to evaluate the ecotoxicity of conventional substances do not account for the specificities of NMs, leading to inaccuracies and uncertainty. The present study aimed to assess two different exposure methodologies (serial dilutions of the stock dispersion vs. direct addition of NM powder to each concentration) on the ecotoxicological profile of different powder grain sizes of Zn-Al LDH-NO3 and Cu-Al LDH-NO3 (bulk, <25, 25-63, 63-125, 125-250, and >250 µm) in the growth of the freshwater microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata. Results revealed that the serial dilutions methodology was preferable for Zn-Al LDH-NO3, whereas for Cu-Al LDH-NO3 both methodologies were suitable. Thus, the serial dilutions methodology was selected to assess the ecotoxicity of different grain sizes for both LDHs. All Zn-Al LDH-NO3 grain sizes yielded similar toxicity, while Cu-Al LDH-NO3 powders with smaller grain sizes caused a higher effect on microalgae growth; thus, grain size separation might be advantageous for future applications of Cu-Al LDH-NO3s. Considering the differences between exposure methodologies for the Zn-Al LDH-NO3, further research involving other NMs and species must be carried out to achieve harmonization and validation for inter-laboratory comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Campos
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Patrícia V Silva
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials and Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Roberto Martins
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Menezes T, Bouguerra S, Andreani T, Pereira R, Pereira C. Preparation, Characterization, and Environmental Safety Assessment of Dithiocarbazate Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:370. [PMID: 36678123 PMCID: PMC9862897 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dithiocarbazates comprise an important class of Schiff bases with remarkable biological applications due to the imine group present in their structure. However, full exploitation of the biological activity of 3-methyl-5-phenyl-pyrazoline-1-(S-benzyldithiocarbazate) (DTC) is limited due to its easy degradation and poor solubility in aqueous solutions. The loading of DTC into mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSiNPs) can be an excellent strategy to improve the solubility of DTC in the aqueous medium. Therefore, the main goal of the present work was to design MSiNP-DTC and to evaluate the success of the loading process by measuring its physicochemical properties and evaluating the environmental safety of the new DTC formulation using different aquatic organisms, such as the microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata, the macrophyte Lemna minor, and the marine bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri. DTC, MSiNP, and MSiNP-DTC concentrations ranging from 8.8 to 150 mg L-1 were tested for all the species, showing low toxicity against aquatic organisms. Loading DTC into MSiNPs caused a slight increase in the toxicity at the concentrations tested, only allowing for the estimation of the effect concentration causing a 20% reduction in bioluminescence or growth rate (EC20). Therefore, despite the potential of MSiNPs as a drug delivery system (DDS), it is of utmost importance to assess its impact on the safety of the new formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thacilla Menezes
- Porto University Chemistry Research Center (CIQUP), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS)—Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sirine Bouguerra
- GreenUPorto—Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & INOV4AGRO, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tatiana Andreani
- Porto University Chemistry Research Center (CIQUP), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS)—Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- GreenUPorto—Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & INOV4AGRO, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CTAB) & INOV4AGRO, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ruth Pereira
- GreenUPorto—Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & INOV4AGRO, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Pereira
- Porto University Chemistry Research Center (CIQUP), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS)—Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Hendricks N, Olatunji OS, Gumbi BP. Occurrence and risk assessment of fullerene colloidal nanoparticles by ultrasonic-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography in surface waters. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11454. [PMID: 36406672 PMCID: PMC9672311 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a developed analytical technique for risk assessment of colloidal fullerene in surface waters by ultrasonic-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid extraction (UADLLE) and high-performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet-visible detector (HPLC-UV). Fullerene colloidal nanoparticles were synthesised and characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). Ultrasonication step, disperser solvent, and sodium chloride salt enhance the surface area of fullerene derivative aggregates for better contact and lowers the solubility of fullerene derivative to the aqueous solution, respectively promoting mass transfer of fullerene from aqueous into the organic phase. Several extraction parameters were optimized, and the optimal conditions were established: 5 mL toluene as extraction solvent (2 cycles); 200 mL water sample; 1% sodium chloride salt; 15 min ultrasonication, and 400 μL methanol as disperser solvent. The mean absolute recoveries established in drinking water, wastewater, and river water were 117%, 103%, and 93%, respectively. The proposed analytical technique was linear in the ranges between 0.25 μg L−1 – 250 μg L−1 with an r-squared of 0.9958. The limit of detection (LOD) determined from the signal-to-noise ratio of 3 was 0.11 μg L−1 and the limit of quantification (LOQ) from a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 was 0.38 μg L−1. The precision ranges from 2% to 11% and accuracy percent error ranged from 7%–14% for spiked concentration levels of 0.25 μg L−1, 50 μg L−1, and 250 μg L−1. The measured environmental concentration (MECs) for the fullerene in water samples ranged from not detected to 10.54 μg L−1 and ecological assessment showed the concentration level of the fullerene can pose risk. Overall, according to the author's knowledge, this is the earlier work on the occurrence and risk assessment of fullerene colloidal nanoparticles (C61-PCBM) in potable and wastewater on the African continent.
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Ribeiro Santos-Rasera J, Giovanini de Lima R, Santos Alves D, Teresa Rosim Monteiro R, Wallace Pereira de Carvalho H. X-ray spectrometry imaging and chemical speciation assisting to understand the toxic effects of copper oxide nanoparticles on zebrafish ( Danio rerio). Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:645-657. [PMID: 36260497 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2133646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, copper nanoparticles are used in various sectors of industry, agriculture, and medicine. To understand the effects induced by these nanoparticles, it is necessary to assess the environmental risk and safely expand their use. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of copper oxide (nCuO) nanoparticles in Danio rerio adults, their distribution/concentration, and chemical form after exposure. This last assessment had never been performed on copper-exposed zebrafish. Such evaluation was done through the characterization of nCuO, acute exposure tests and analysis of distribution and concentration by microstructure X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (µ-XRF) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (GF-AAS). Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was performed to find out the chemical form of copper in hotspots. The results show that the toxicity values of fish exposed to nCuO were 2.4 mg L-1 (25 nm), 12.36 mg L-1 (40 nm), 149.03 mg L-1 (80 nm) and 0.62 mg L-1 (CuSO4, used as a positive control). The total copper found in the fish was in the order of mg kg-1 and it was not directly proportional to the exposure concentration; most of the copper was concentrated in the gastric system. However, despite the existence of copper hotspots, chemical transformation of CuO into other compounds was not detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Ribeiro Santos-Rasera
- Laboratory of Nuclear Instrumentation (LIN), Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Rafael Giovanini de Lima
- Laboratory of Nuclear Instrumentation (LIN), Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Dejane Santos Alves
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Santa Helena, Prolongamento da Rua São Luis S/N, Santa Helena, Brazil
| | - Regina Teresa Rosim Monteiro
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Hudson Wallace Pereira de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Nuclear Instrumentation (LIN), Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, Brazil
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Wang T, Liu W. Emerging investigator series: metal nanoparticles in freshwater: transformation, bioavailability and effects on invertebrates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: NANO 2022; 9:2237-2263. [PMID: 35923327 PMCID: PMC9282172 DOI: 10.1039/d2en00052k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
MNPs may undergo different environmental transformations in aquatic systems, consequently changing their mobility, bioavailability and toxicity to freshwater invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Earth and Environment Sciences, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, 66 Blvd Carl-Vogt, CH 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Wei Liu
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Earth and Environment Sciences, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, 66 Blvd Carl-Vogt, CH 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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12
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Hendricks N, Olatunji OS, Gumbi BP. Quantification and Ecological Risk Assessment of Colloidal Fullerenes Nanoparticles in Sediments by Ultrasonic-Assisted Pressurized Liquid Extraction and High Performance Liquid Chromatography. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123319. [PMID: 34947668 PMCID: PMC8705665 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fullerenes engineered nanomaterials are regarded as emerging environmental contaminants. This is as their widespread application in many consumer products, as well as natural release, increases their environmental concentration. In this work, an ultrasonic-assisted pressurized liquid extraction (UAPLE) method followed by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet-visible detector (HPLC-UV-vis) was developed for extraction and determination of fullerene in sediments. The method was validated and found to be suitable for environmental risk assessment. Thereafter, the method was used for the determination of fullerene (C61-PCBM) in sediment samples collected from Umgeni River, South Africa. The current method allows for adequate sensitivity within the linear range of 0.01–4 µg g−1, method limit detection of 0.0094 µg g−1 and recoveries ranged between 67–84%. All the parameters were determined from fortified sediments samples. The measured environmental concentration (MEC) of fullerene in the sediment samples ranged from not detected to 30.55 µg g−1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the occurrence and ecological risk assessment of carbonaceous fullerene nanoparticles in African sediments and biosolids.
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Silicon Improves the Redox Homeostasis to Alleviate Glyphosate Toxicity in Tomato Plants-Are Nanomaterials Relevant? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081320. [PMID: 34439568 PMCID: PMC8389300 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the widespread use of glyphosate (GLY), this agrochemical is becoming a source of contamination in agricultural soils, affecting non-target plants. Therefore, sustainable strategies to increase crop tolerance to GLY are needed. From this perspective and recalling silicon (Si)'s role in alleviating different abiotic stresses, the main goal of this study was to assess if the foliar application of Si, either as bulk or nano forms, is capable of enhancing Solanum lycopersicum L. tolerance to GLY (10 mg kg-1). After 28 day(s), GLY-treated plants exhibited growth-related disorders in both shoots and roots, accompanied by an overproduction of superoxide anion (O2•-) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in shoots. Although plants solely exposed to GLY have activated non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms (proline, ascorbate and glutathione), a generalized inhibition of the antioxidant enzymes was found, suggesting the occurrence of great redox disturbances. In response to Si or nano-SiO2 co-application, most of GLY phytotoxic effects on growth were prevented, accompanied with a better ROS removal, especially by an upregulation of the main antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Overall, results pointed towards the potential of both sources of Si to reduce GLY-induced oxidative stress, without major differences between their efficacy.
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Bimová P, Barbieriková Z, Grenčíková A, Šípoš R, Škulcová AB, Krivjanská A, Mackuľak T. Environmental risk of nanomaterials and nanoparticles and EPR technique as an effective tool to study them-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:22203-22220. [PMID: 33733403 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13270-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnologies and different types of nanomaterials belong in present day to intensively studied materials due to their unique properties and diverse potential applications in, e.g., electronics, medicine, or display technologies. Together with the investigation of their desired beneficial properties, a need to investigate and evaluate their influence on the environment and possible harmful effects towards living organisms is growing. This review summarizes possible toxic effects of nanomaterials on environment and living organisms, focusing on the possible bioaccumulation in organisms, toxicity, and its mechanisms. The main goal of this review is to refer to potential environmental risks rising from the use of nanomaterials and the necessity to deal with the possible toxic effects considering the growing interest in the wide-scale utilization of these materials. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy as the only analytical technique capable of detecting radical species enables detection, quantification, and monitoring of the generation of short-lived radicals often coupled with toxic effects of nanomaterials, which makes it an important method in the process of nanotoxicity mechanism determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Bimová
- Department of Inorganic Technology, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technology and Materials, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Barbieriková
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Anna Grenčíková
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Rastislav Šípoš
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technology and Materials, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Butor Škulcová
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Anna Krivjanská
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Mackuľak
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
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