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Chenafa A, Abdo AAA, Mahdi AA, Zhang Q, Chen C, Zhu Y, Li J, Fan G, Liu J. Functionalized electrospun nanofibers to enhance β-Galactosidase immobilization and catalytic activity for efficient galactooligosaccharide synthesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132312. [PMID: 38744370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to immobilize β-galactosidase (β-GAL) into enhanced polystyrene (PS) electrospun nanofiber membranes (ENMs) with functionalized graphene oxide (GO). Initially, GO sheets were functionalized by salinization with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES). Then the ENMs (PS, PS/GO, and PS/GO-APTES) were prepared and characterized. Then, the β-GAL was immobilized in the different ENMs to produce the β-GAL-bound nanocomposites (PS-GAL, PS/GO-GAL, and PS/GO-APTES-GAL). Immobilization of β-GAL into PS/GO-APTES significantly improved enzyme adsorption by up to 87 %. Also, PS/GO-APTES-GAL improved the enzyme activity, where the highest enzyme activity was obtained at enzyme concentrations of 4 mg/L, 50 °C, and pH 4.5. Likewise, the storage stability and reusability of immobilized β-GAL were improved. Furthermore, this process led to enhanced catalytic behavior and transgalactosylation efficiency, where GOS synthesis (72 %) and lactose conversion (81 %) increased significantly compared to the free enzyme. Overall, the immobilized β-GAL produced in this study showed potential as an effective biocatalyst in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Chenafa
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Abdullah A A Abdo
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Amer Ali Mahdi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Chang Chen
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yunping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Jinlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Guangsen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing and Biosynthesis of Food Bioactive Substances, China General Chamber of Commerce, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Internal Trade Food Science Research Institue Co., Future Science and Technology Park South, BeiQiJia, Changping, Ltd, Beijing 102200, China
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2
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Artyukov I, Bellucci S, Kolesov V, Levin V, Morokov E, Polikarpov M, Petronyuk Y. Studies of Fractal Microstructure in Nanocarbon Polymer Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1354. [PMID: 38794548 PMCID: PMC11125066 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The in situ study of fractal microstructure in nanocarbon polymers is an actual task for their application and for the improvement in their functional properties. This article presents a visualization of the bulk structural features of the composites using pulsed acoustic microscopy and synchrotron X-ray microtomography. This article presents details of fractal structure formation using carbon particles of different sizes and shapes-exfoliated graphite, carbon platelets and nanotubes. Individual structural elements of the composite, i.e., conglomerations of the particles in the air capsule as well as their distribution in the composite volume, were observed at the micro- and nanoscale. We have considered the influence of particle architecture on the fractal formation and elastic properties of the composite. Acoustic and X-ray imaging results were compared to validate the carbon agglomeration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Artyukov
- X-ray Optics Laboratory, Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | | | - Vladimir Kolesov
- Kotel’nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125009 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vadim Levin
- Laboratory of Acoustic Microscopy, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (V.L.); (E.M.)
| | - Egor Morokov
- Laboratory of Acoustic Microscopy, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (V.L.); (E.M.)
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Polikarpov
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit c/o DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Yulia Petronyuk
- Laboratory of Acoustic Microscopy, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (V.L.); (E.M.)
- Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117342 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Svigelj R, Toniolo R, Bertoni C, Fraleoni-Morgera A. Synergistic Applications of Graphene-Based Materials and Deep Eutectic Solvents in Sustainable Sensing: A Comprehensive Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2403. [PMID: 38676019 PMCID: PMC11054382 DOI: 10.3390/s24082403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The recently explored synergistic combination of graphene-based materials and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) is opening novel and effective avenues for developing sensing devices with optimized features. In more detail, remarkable potential in terms of simplicity, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness of this combination have been demonstrated for sensors, resulting in the creation of hybrid devices with enhanced signal-to-noise ratios, linearities, and selectivity. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the currently available scientific literature discussing investigations and applications of sensors that integrate graphene-based materials and deep eutectic solvents, with an outlook for the most promising developments of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Svigelj
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Rosanna Toniolo
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Zorman M, Phillips C, Shi C, Zhang S, De Yoreo J, Pfaendtner J. Thermodynamic Analysis of Silk Fibroin-Graphite Hybrid Materials and Their Morphology. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:2371-2380. [PMID: 38421229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c08147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF) is a β-sheet-rich protein that is responsible for the remarkable tensile strength of silk. In addition to its mechanical properties, SF is biocompatible and biodegradable, making it an attractive candidate for use in biotic/abiotic hybrid materials. A pairing of particular interest is the use of SF with graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs). The properties of this interface drive the formation of well-ordered nanostructures and can improve the electronic properties of the resulting hybrid. It was previously demonstrated that SF can form lamellar nanostructures in the presence of graphite; however, the equilibrium morphology and associated driving interactions are not fully understood. In this study, we characterize these interactions between SF and SF lamellar with graphite using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and umbrella sampling (US). We find that SF lamellar nanostructures have strong orientational and spatial preferences on graphite that are driven by the hydrophobic effect, destabilizing solvent-protein interactions and stabilizing protein-protein and protein-graphite interactions. Finally, we show how careful consideration of these underlying interactions can be applied to rationally modify the nanostructure morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlo Zorman
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Christian Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Chenyang Shi
- Physical Sciences DivisionPacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Physical Sciences DivisionPacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - James De Yoreo
- Physical Sciences DivisionPacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Jim Pfaendtner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
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5
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Zhang C, Zhou H, Cao S, Chen J, Qu C, Tang Y, Wang M, Zhu L, Liu X, Zhang J. A Magnetic Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application for High-Efficiency Detoxification of Aflatoxin B 1. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:57. [PMID: 38276533 PMCID: PMC10818925 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Safety problems associated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination have always been a major threat to human health. Removing AFB1 through adsorption is considered an attractive remediation technique. (2) Methods: To produce an adsorbent with a high AFB1 adsorption efficiency, a magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4@rGO) was synthesized using one-step hydrothermal fabrication. Then, the adsorbent was characterized using a series of techniques, such as SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, VSM, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis. Finally, the effects of this nanocomposite on the nutritional components of treated foods, such as vegetable oil and peanut milk, were also examined. (3) Results: The optimal synthesis conditions for Fe3O4@rGO were determined to be 200 °C for 6 h. The synthesis temperature significantly affected the adsorption properties of the prepared material due to its effect on the layered structure of graphene and the loading of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The results of various characterizations illustrated that the surface of Fe3O4@rGO had a two-dimensional layered nanostructure with many folds and that Fe3O4 nanoparticles were distributed uniformly on the surface of the composite material. Moreover, the results of isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic analyses indicated that the adsorption of AFB1 by Fe3O4@rGO conformed to the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 82.64 mg·g-1; the rapid and efficient adsorption of AFB1 occurred mainly through chemical adsorption via a spontaneous endothermic process. When applied to treat vegetable oil and peanut milk, the prepared material minimized the loss of nutrients and thus preserved food quality. (4) Conclusions: The above findings reveal a promising adsorbent, Fe3O4@rGO, with favorable properties for AFB1 adsorption and potential for food safety applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chushu Zhang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology and Breeding (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Qingdao 266100, China; (C.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (C.Q.); (Y.T.); (M.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Haixiang Zhou
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology and Breeding (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Qingdao 266100, China; (C.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (C.Q.); (Y.T.); (M.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Shining Cao
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology and Breeding (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Qingdao 266100, China; (C.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (C.Q.); (Y.T.); (M.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Jing Chen
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology and Breeding (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Qingdao 266100, China; (C.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (C.Q.); (Y.T.); (M.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Chunjuan Qu
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology and Breeding (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Qingdao 266100, China; (C.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (C.Q.); (Y.T.); (M.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yueyi Tang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology and Breeding (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Qingdao 266100, China; (C.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (C.Q.); (Y.T.); (M.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Mian Wang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology and Breeding (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Qingdao 266100, China; (C.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (C.Q.); (Y.T.); (M.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lifei Zhu
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology and Breeding (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Qingdao 266100, China; (C.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (C.Q.); (Y.T.); (M.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xiaoyue Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 125105, China;
| | - Jiancheng Zhang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology and Breeding (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Qingdao 266100, China; (C.Z.); (H.Z.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (C.Q.); (Y.T.); (M.W.); (L.Z.)
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6
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Eivazzadeh-Keihan R, Sadat Z, Lalebeigi F, Naderi N, Panahi L, Ganjali F, Mahdian S, Saadatidizaji Z, Mahdavi M, Chidar E, Soleimani E, Ghaee A, Maleki A, Zare I. Effects of mechanical properties of carbon-based nanocomposites on scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: a comprehensive review. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:337-366. [PMID: 38235087 PMCID: PMC10790973 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00554b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Mechanical properties, such as elasticity modulus, tensile strength, elongation, hardness, density, creep, toughness, brittleness, durability, stiffness, creep rupture, corrosion and wear, a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and fatigue limit, are some of the most important features of a biomaterial in tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, the scaffolds used in tissue engineering must exhibit mechanical and biological behaviour close to the target tissue. Thus, a variety of materials has been studied for enhancing the mechanical performance of composites. Carbon-based nanostructures, such as graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), fibrous carbon nanostructures, and nanodiamonds (NDs), have shown great potential for this purpose. This is owing to their biocompatibility, high chemical and physical stability, ease of functionalization, and numerous surface functional groups with the capability to form covalent bonds and electrostatic interactions with other components in the composite, thus significantly enhancing their mechanical properties. Considering the outstanding capabilities of carbon nanostructures in enhancing the mechanical properties of biocomposites and increasing their applicability in tissue engineering and the lack of comprehensive studies on their biosafety and role in increasing the mechanical behaviour of scaffolds, a comprehensive review on carbon nanostructures is provided in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Eivazzadeh-Keihan
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Farnaz Lalebeigi
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Nooshin Naderi
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Leila Panahi
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ganjali
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Sakineh Mahdian
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Zahra Saadatidizaji
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Elham Chidar
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Erfan Soleimani
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Azadeh Ghaee
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran P.O. Box 14395-1561 Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Maleki
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran
| | - Iman Zare
- Research and Development Department, Sina Medical Biochemistry Technologies Co. Ltd Shiraz 7178795844 Iran
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Konradt D, Schroden D, Hagemann U, Heidelmann M, Rohns HP, Wagner C, Konradt N. Kinetics of Direct Reaction of Vanadate, Chromate, and Permanganate with Graphene Nanoplatelets for Use in Water Purification. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:140. [PMID: 38251105 PMCID: PMC10819118 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Oxometalates of vanadium(V), chromium(VI), and manganese(VII) have negative impacts on water resources due to their toxicity. To remove them, the kinetics of 0.04 mM oxometalates in natural and synthetic water were studied using graphene nanoplatelets (GNP). The GNP were dispersible in water and formed aggregates >15 µm that could be easily separated. Within 30 min, the GNP were covered with ~0.4 mg/g vanadium and ~1.0 mg/g chromium as Cr(OH)3. The reaction of 0.04 mM permanganate with 50 mg of GNP resulted in a coverage of 10 mg/g in 5 min, while the maximum value was 300 mg/g manganese as Mn2O3/MnO. TEM showed a random metal distribution on the surfaces; no clusters or nanoparticles were detected. The rate of disappearance in aerated water followed a pseudo second-order adsorption kinetics (PSO) for V(V), a pseudo second-order reaction for Cr(VI), and a pseudo first-order reaction for Mn(VII). For Cr(VI) and Mn(VII), the rate constants were found to depend on the GNP mass. Oxygen sorption occurred with PSO kinetics as a parallel slow process upon contact of GNP with air-saturated water. For thermally regenerated GNP, the rate constant decreased for V(V) but increased for Cr(VI), while no effect was observed for Mn(VII). GNP capacity was enhanced through regeneration for V(V) and Cr(VI); no effect was observed for Mn(VII). The reactions are well-suited for use in water purification processes and the reaction products, GNP, decorated with single metal atoms, are of great interest for the construction of sensors, electronic devices, and for application in single-atom catalysis (SAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Konradt
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Maschinenbau und Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Detlef Schroden
- Department of Waterworks, Stadtwerke Düsseldorf AG, Wiedfeld 50, 40589 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.S.); (H.-P.R.); (C.W.)
| | - Ulrich Hagemann
- ICAN, NETZ Building, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany; (U.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Markus Heidelmann
- ICAN, NETZ Building, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany; (U.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Hans-Peter Rohns
- Department of Waterworks, Stadtwerke Düsseldorf AG, Wiedfeld 50, 40589 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.S.); (H.-P.R.); (C.W.)
| | - Christoph Wagner
- Department of Waterworks, Stadtwerke Düsseldorf AG, Wiedfeld 50, 40589 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.S.); (H.-P.R.); (C.W.)
| | - Norbert Konradt
- Department of Waterworks, Stadtwerke Düsseldorf AG, Wiedfeld 50, 40589 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.S.); (H.-P.R.); (C.W.)
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8
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Brakat A, Zhu H. From Forces to Assemblies: van der Waals Forces-Driven Assemblies in Anisotropic Quasi-2D Graphene and Quasi-1D Nanocellulose Heterointerfaces towards Quasi-3D Nanoarchitecture. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2399. [PMID: 37686907 PMCID: PMC10489977 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
In the pursuit of advanced functional materials, the role of low-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) heterointerfaces has recently ignited noteworthy scientific interest, particularly in assemblies that incorporate quasi-2D graphene and quasi-1D nanocellulose derivatives. The growing interest predominantly stems from the potential to fabricate distinct genres of quasi-2D/1D nanoarchitecture governed by vdW forces. Despite the possibilities, the inherent properties of these nanoscale entities are limited by in-plane covalent bonding and the existence of dangling π-bonds, constraints that inhibit emergent behavior at heterointerfaces. An innovative response to these limitations proposes a mechanism that binds multilayered quasi-2D nanosheets with quasi-1D nanochains, capitalizing on out-of-plane non-covalent interactions. The approach facilitates the generation of dangling bond-free iso-surfaces and promotes the functionalization of multilayered materials with exceptional properties. However, a gap still persists in understanding transition and alignment mechanisms in disordered multilayered structures, despite the extensive exploration of monolayer and asymmetric bilayer arrangements. In this perspective, we comprehensively review the sophisticated aspects of multidimensional vdW heterointerfaces composed of quasi-2D/1D graphene and nanocellulose derivatives. Further, we discuss the profound impacts of anisotropy nature and geometric configurations, including in-plane and out-of-plane dynamics on multiscale vdW heterointerfaces. Ultimately, we shed light on the emerging prospects and challenges linked to constructing advanced functional materials in the burgeoning domain of quasi-3D nanoarchitecture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Abdullah SN, Kechik MMA, Kamarudin AN, Talib ZA, Baqiah H, Kien CS, Pah LK, Abdul Karim MK, Shabdin MK, Shaari AH, Hashim A, Suhaimi NE, Miryala M. Microstructure and Superconducting Properties of Bi-2223 Synthesized via Co-Precipitation Method: Effects of Graphene Nanoparticle Addition. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2197. [PMID: 37570515 PMCID: PMC10420798 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of graphene addition on the phase formation and superconducting properties of (Bi1.6Pb0.4)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 (Bi-2223) ceramics synthesized using the co-precipitation method were systematically investigated. Series samples of Bi-2223 were added with different weight percentages (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 wt.%) of graphene nanoparticles. The samples' phase formations and crystal structures were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the superconducting critical temperatures, Tc, were investigated using alternating current susceptibility (ACS). The XRD showed that a high-Tc phase, Bi-2223, and a small low-Tc phase, Bi-2212, dominated the samples. The volume fraction of the Bi-2223 phase increased for the sample with x = 0.3 wt.% and 0.5 wt.% of graphene and slightly reduced at x = 1.0 wt.%. The ACS showed that the onset critical temperature, Tc-onset, phase lock-in temperature, Tcj, and coupling peak temperature, TP, decreased when graphene was added to the samples. The susceptibility-temperature (χ'-T) and (χ″-T) curves of each sample, where χ' and χ″ are the real and imaginary parts of the susceptibility, respectively, were obtained. The critical temperature of the pure sample was also measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nabilah Abdullah
- Laboratory of Superconductor and Thin Films, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Mustafa Awang Kechik
- Laboratory of Superconductor and Thin Films, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Aliah Nursyahirah Kamarudin
- Laboratory of Superconductor and Thin Films, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Zainal Abidin Talib
- Department of Physics, College of Natural Sciences, Jeonbuk National University 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hussein Baqiah
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, No. 566 University Rd. West, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Chen Soo Kien
- Laboratory of Superconductor and Thin Films, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Lim Kean Pah
- Laboratory of Superconductor and Thin Films, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Khalis Abdul Karim
- Laboratory of Superconductor and Thin Films, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Kashfi Shabdin
- Laboratory of Superconductor and Thin Films, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Halim Shaari
- Laboratory of Superconductor and Thin Films, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Azhan Hashim
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang, Jengka 26400, Malaysia
| | | | - Muralidhar Miryala
- Materials for Energy and Environmental Laboratory, Superconducting Materials, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3 Chome-7-5 Toyosu, Koto, Tokyo 135-8548, Japan
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Rao KS, Senthilnathan J, Ting JM, Yoshimura M. Continuous Production of Functionalized Graphene Inks by Soft Solution Processing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2043. [PMID: 37513054 PMCID: PMC10384762 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The continuous production of high-quality, few-layer graphene nanosheets (GNSs) functionalized with nitrogen-containing groups was achieved via a two-stage reaction method. The initial stage produces few-layer GNSs by utilizing our recently developed glycine-bisulfate ionic complex-assisted electrochemical exfoliation of graphite. The second stage, developed here, uses a radical initiator and nitrogen precursor (azobisisobutyronitrile) under microwave conditions in an aqueous solution for the efficient nitrogen functionalization of the initially formed GNSs. These nitrile radical reactions have great advantages in green chemistry and soft processing. Raman spectra confirm the insertion of nitrogen functional groups into nitrogen-functionalized graphene (N-FG), whose disorder is higher than that of GNSs. X-ray photoelectron spectra confirm the insertion of edge/surface nitrogen functional groups. The insertion of nitrogen functional groups is further confirmed by the enhanced dispersibility of N-FG in dimethyl formamide, ethylene glycol, acetonitrile, and water. Indeed, after the synthesis of N-FG in solution, it is possible to disperse N-FG in these liquid dispersants just by a simple washing-centrifugation separation-dispersion sequence. Therefore, without any drying, milling, and redispersion into liquid again, we can produce N-FG ink with only solution processing. Thus, the present work demonstrates the 'continuous solution processing' of N-FG inks without complicated post-processing conditions. Furthermore, the formation mechanism of N-FG is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodepelly Sanjeeva Rao
- Promotion Center for Global Materials Research (PCGMR), Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jaganathan Senthilnathan
- Promotion Center for Global Materials Research (PCGMR), Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jyh-Ming Ting
- Promotion Center for Global Materials Research (PCGMR), Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Masahiro Yoshimura
- Promotion Center for Global Materials Research (PCGMR), Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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11
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Cebadero-Dominguez Ó, Casas-Rodríguez A, Puerto M, Cameán AM, Jos A. In vitro safety assessment of reduced graphene oxide in human monocytes and T cells. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 232:116356. [PMID: 37295592 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Considering the increase in the use of graphene derivatives in different fields, the environmental and human exposure to these materials is likely, and the potential consequences are not fully elucidated. This study is focused on the human immune system, as this plays a key role in the organism's homeostasis. In this sense, the cytotoxicity response of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was investigated in monocytes (THP-1) and human T cells (Jurkat). A mean effective concentration (EC50-24 h) of 121.45 ± 11.39 μg/mL and 207.51 ± 21.67 μg/mL for cytotoxicity was obtained in THP-1 and Jurkat cells, respectively. rGO decreased THP-1 monocytes differentiation at the highest concentration after 48 h of exposure. Regarding the inflammatory response at genetic level, rGO upregulated IL-6 in THP-1 and all cytokines tested in Jurkat cells after 4 h of exposure. At 24 h, IL-6 upregulation was maintained, and a significant decrease of TNF-α gene expression was observed in THP-1 cells. Moreover, TNF-α, and INF-γ upregulation were maintained in Jurkat cells. With respect to the apoptosis/necrosis, gene expression was not altered in THP-1 cells, but a down regulation of BAX and BCL-2 was observed in Jurkat cells after 4 h of exposure. These genes showed values closer to negative control after 24 h. Finally, rGO did not trigger a significant release of any cytokine at any exposure time assayed. In conclusion, our data contributes to the risk assessment of this material and suggest that rGO has an impact on the immune system whose final consequences should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Cebadero-Dominguez
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
| | - Antonio Casas-Rodríguez
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
| | - María Puerto
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
| | - Ana María Cameán
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
| | - Angeles Jos
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n°2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
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12
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Kaliyaperumal P, Renganathan S, Arumugam K, Aremu BR. Engineered graphene quantum dot nanocomposite triggers α-synuclein defibrillation: Therapeutics against Parkinson's disease. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 47:102608. [PMID: 36228996 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Emerging clinically required α-synuclein (α-syn) inhibitor which acts as a neuroprotective nanocomposite drug is in increased demand as a patient-safe central nervous system therapeutic. This inhibitor is intended to chemically engineer graphene quantum dot (GQD) with blue luminescence, and stands to be a potential cure for Parkinson's disease. It has been theorized that α-syn aggregation is a critical step in the development of Parkinson's. Hence narrow the target by α-syn inhibition, through chemically synthesize methyl N-allyl N-benzoylmethioninate (MABM) and functionally engineer the surface of GQD to target the brain delivery on C57BL/6 mice. Spectroscopic and simulation studies confirm defibrillation through the interaction between N-terminal amino acids and MABM-GQD nanoparticles, which makes nontoxic α-syn. Therefore, this drug's ability to cross the blood-brain barrier in vitro functionally prevents neuronal loss in neuroblastoma cells. Thus, in vivo cerebral blood flow analysis using magnetic resonance imaging illustrates, how this nanocomposite can possibly treat Parkinson's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonkuzhali Kaliyaperumal
- Bioprocess and Microbial Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605 014, India.
| | - Seenivasagan Renganathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Arts and Science, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthika Arumugam
- Department of Microbiology, The Standard Fireworks Rajaratnam College for Women Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bukola Rhoda Aremu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada; Food Security and Safety Niche, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, Private Mail Bag X2046, 2735, South Africa
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13
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Sharoyko VV, Mikolaichuk OV, Shemchuk OS, O. E. Abdelhali A, Potanin AA, Luttsev MD, Dadadzanov DR, Vartanyan TA, Petrov AV, Yu. Shasherina A, Murin IV, Maystrenko DN, Molchanov OE, Semenov KN. Novel non-covalent conjugate based on graphene oxide and alkylating agent from 1,3,5-triazine class. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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14
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Scaffaro R, Gammino M, Maio A. Hierarchically Structured Hybrid Membranes for Continuous Wastewater Treatment via the Integration of Adsorption and Membrane Ultrafiltration Mechanisms. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010156. [PMID: 36616508 PMCID: PMC9824439 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing environmental concerns are stimulating researchers to develop more and more efficient materials for environmental remediation. Among them, polymer-based hierarchical structures, attained by properly combining certain starting components and processing techniques, represent an emerging trend in materials science and technology. In this work, graphene oxide (GO) and/or carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were integrated at different loading levels into poly (vinyl fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-co-HFP) and then electrospun to construct mats capable of treating water that is contaminated by methylene blue (MB). The materials, fully characterized from a morphological, physicochemical, and mechanical point of view, were proved to serve as membranes for vacuum-assisted dead-end membrane processes, relying on the synergy of two mechanisms, namely, pore sieving and adsorption. In particular, the nanocomposites containing 2 wt % of GO and CNTs gave the best performance, showing high flux (800 L × m-2 h-1) and excellent rejection (99%) and flux recovery ratios (93.3%), along with antifouling properties (irreversible and reversible fouling below 6% and 25%, respectively), and reusability. These outstanding outcomes were ascribed to the particular microstructure employed, which endowed polymeric membranes with high roughness, wettability, and mechanical robustness, these capabilities being imparted by the peculiar self-assembled network of GO and CNTs.
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Narayanasamy K, Peethambaram P, Roy D, Sivaperumal U, Kannaiyan D. Enhanced thermal and dielectric properties of porous thin films of graphene, conjugated terpolymer of pyrene/thiophene/heptaldehyde, and polyvinylidene difluoride alloys. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2022.2158581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Debmalya Roy
- Directorate of Nanomaterials and Technologies, DMSRDE, Kanpur, India
| | - Uthayakumar Sivaperumal
- School of Engineering, Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Surrey, UK
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, UK
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Dammak A, Raouafi F, Cavanna A, Rudolf P, di Caprio D, Sallet V, Madouri A, Jancu JM. Quantum tailoring of electronic properties in covalently functionalized graphene: application to ammonia gas detection. RSC Adv 2022; 12:36002-36011. [PMID: 36545063 PMCID: PMC9753900 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06112k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Functionalized graphene offers great potential in the field of rapid detection of gases at room temperature. We performed first-principles calculations to study the suitability of 4-sulfobenzenediazonium salts (4SBD) as bandgap modifier in graphene. The signature of unpaired spins is evidenced near the Fermi level owing to the symmetry breaking of graphene sublattices. 4SBD-chemisorbed on graphene is found to be electronically sensitive to the presence of ammonia NH3 with increasing gas concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Dammak
- University of Carthage, IPEST, LPC2MRoute de Sidi Bou Saïd 2075 La MarsaTunisia
| | - F. Raouafi
- University of Carthage, IPEST, LPC2MRoute de Sidi Bou Saïd 2075 La MarsaTunisia
| | - A. Cavanna
- C2N, University of Paris-Saclay10 Bd. Thomas Gobert91120 PalaiseauFrance
| | - P. Rudolf
- Surfaces and Thin Films Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - D. di Caprio
- IRCP, Chimie ParisTech, University of PSL, CNRS11 rue P. et M. Curie75005 ParisFrance
| | - V. Sallet
- GEMaC, Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-YvelinesFrance
| | - A. Madouri
- C2N, University of Paris-Saclay10 Bd. Thomas Gobert91120 PalaiseauFrance
| | - J. M. Jancu
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON – UMR 6082F-35000 RennesFrance
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17
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Tabasi E, Vafa N, Firoozabadi B, Salmankhani A, Nouranian S, Habibzadeh S, Mashhadzadeh AH, Spitas C, Saeb MR. Ion rejection performances of functionalized porous graphene nanomembranes for wastewater purification: A molecular dynamics simulation study. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Dorontić S, Jovanović S, Bonasera A. Shedding Light on Graphene Quantum Dots: Key Synthetic Strategies, Characterization Tools, and Cutting-Edge Applications. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14206153. [PMID: 34683745 PMCID: PMC8539078 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
During the last 20 years, the scientific community has shown growing interest towards carbonaceous nanomaterials due to their appealing mechanical, thermal, and optical features, depending on the specific nanoforms. Among these, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) recently emerged as one of the most promising nanomaterials due to their outstanding electrical properties, chemical stability, and intense and tunable photoluminescence, as it is witnessed by a booming number of reported applications, ranging from the biological field to the photovoltaic market. To date, a plethora of synthetic protocols have been investigated to modulate the portfolio of features that GQDs possess and to facilitate the use of these materials for target applications. Considering the number of publications and the rapid evolution of this flourishing field of research, this review aims at providing a broad overview of the most widely established synthetic protocols and offering a detailed review of some specific applications that are attracting researchers’ interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slađana Dorontić
- “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Svetlana Jovanović
- “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Correspondence: (S.J.); (A.B.)
| | - Aurelio Bonasera
- Palermo Research Unit, Department of Physics and Chemistry—Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.J.); (A.B.)
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Danial WH, Md Bahri NF, Abdul Majid Z. Preparation, Marriage Chemistry and Applications of Graphene Quantum Dots-Nanocellulose Composite: A Brief Review. Molecules 2021; 26:6158. [PMID: 34684739 PMCID: PMC8537986 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are zero-dimensional carbon-based materials, while nanocellulose is a nanomaterial that can be derived from naturally occurring cellulose polymers or renewable biomass resources. The unique geometrical, biocompatible and biodegradable properties of both these remarkable nanomaterials have caught the attention of the scientific community in terms of fundamental research aimed at advancing technology. This study reviews the preparation, marriage chemistry and applications of GQDs-nanocellulose composites. The preparation of these composites can be achieved via rapid and simple solution mixing containing known concentration of nanomaterial with a pre-defined composition ratio in a neutral pH medium. They can also be incorporated into other matrices or drop-casted onto substrates, depending on the intended application. Additionally, combining GQDs and nanocellulose has proven to impart new hybrid nanomaterials with excellent performance as well as surface functionality and, therefore, a plethora of applications. Potential applications for GQDs-nanocellulose composites include sensing or, for analytical purposes, injectable 3D printing materials, supercapacitors and light-emitting diodes. This review unlocks windows of research opportunities for GQDs-nanocellulose composites and pave the way for the synthesis and application of more innovative hybrid nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Hazman Danial
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Fathanah Md Bahri
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia;
| | - Zaiton Abdul Majid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia;
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Chemical Functionalization of Graphene Nanoplatelets with Hydroxyl, Amino, and Carboxylic Terminal Groups. CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry3030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most studied two-dimensional material, graphene is still attracting a lot of attention from both academia and industry due to its fantastic properties such as lightness, excellent mechanical strength, and high conductivity of heat and electricity. As an important branch of graphene materials, graphene nanoplatelets show numerous applications such as in coating, fillers of polymer composites, energy conversion and storage devices, sensing, etc. Chemical functionalization can introduce different functional groups to graphene nanoplatelets and can potentially endow them with different properties and functions to meet the increasing demand in the fields mentioned above. In this minireview, we present an overview of the research progress of functionalized graphene nanoplatelets bearing hydroxyl, amino, and carboxylic terminal groups, including both covalent and noncovalent approaches. These terminal groups allow subsequent functionalization reactions to attach additional moieties. Relevant characterization techniques, different applications, challenges, and future directions of functionalized graphene nanoplatelets are also critically summarized.
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