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Al-Hammadi AH, Al-Adhreai AA, Abdulwahab AM, Al-Adhreai A, Salem A, Alaizeri ZM, ALSaeedy M, Katib Alanazi F. An investigation on the structural, morphological, optical, and antibacterial activity of Sr:CuS nanostructures. Sci Rep 2024; 14:25169. [PMID: 39448649 PMCID: PMC11502907 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-73701-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to synthesize Cu1-xSrxS (x = 0.00, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1) nanoparticles (NPs) using an easy chemical co-precipitation method in an efficient, inexpensive, and simple technique. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the prepared samples were investigated using XRD, TEM, XRF, UV-Vis DRS, and PL characterization techniques. XRD spectra confirmed the Sr-doped copper sulfide nanoparticles have a hexagonal structure with crystallite sizes ranging from 15.15 to 16.04 nm, and, by XRF, the presence of the dopant was detected. TEM analysis confirmed that strontium ions had an effect on the shape of the CuS nanostructure, and the particle size increased from 16.27 to 17.32 nm after doping. A study using UV-Vis showed the presence of Sr doping increased the optical energy band gap (1.38 eV to 1.59 eV). At room temperature, one photoluminescence (PL) band was found at 826 nm. The antibacterial activity of CuS nanostructures against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, and S. aureus was evaluated by zone of inhibition. Sr doped CuS NPs exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus (17 to 29 mm). Also, the results demonstrated that samples doped with 5, 7.5, and 10% Sr exhibited inhibitory effects against all the tested microbial strains higher than the antibiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Al-Hammadi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Asma'a Ahmed Al-Adhreai
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Thamar University, Dhamar, 87246, Yemen.
| | - A M Abdulwahab
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Thamar University, Dhamar, 87246, Yemen.
| | - Arwa Al-Adhreai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Thamar University, Dhamar, 87246, Yemen
| | - Aeshah Salem
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, 46423, Saudi Arabia
| | - ZabnAllah M Alaizeri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed ALSaeedy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Thamar University, Dhamar, 87246, Yemen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education & Science, Al-Baydha University, Al-Baydha, Yemen
| | - Faisal Katib Alanazi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
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Sharma M, Singh R, Sharma A, Krishnan V. Tuning of surface oxygen vacancies for enhancing photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation in Sb 2WO 6 nanostructures. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:6731-6746. [PMID: 38530659 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00183d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Tuning of vacancies in photocatalytic materials has emerged as a versatile strategy to enhance visible light absorption and photocatalytic activity. In this study, surface oxygen vacancies (defects) were incorporated on antimony tungstate to boost its photocatalytic activity, which was examined by studying the degradation of model pollutants under visible light irradiation. Specifically, a two-to-three-fold increase in photocatalytic activity was observed for oxygen vacancy-rich antimony tungstate in comparison to its pristine counterpart. This improvement in the photocatalytic performance can be attributed to the presence of oxygen vacancies in the material, which leads to an enhanced absorption of light, decrease in the recombination of charge carriers, and increase in the number of active sites. In addition, owing to the nature of the surface charge present, the photocatalysts were found to be selective for the degradation of cationic pollutants in comparison to anionic and neutral pollutants, and can thus be used for the separation of a mixture of pollutants. Furthermore, scavenger studies illustrate that holes play a major role in the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants. Moreover, the excellent photostability of oxygen vacancy-rich antimony tungstate over three consecutive cycles demonstrates its potential as a good photocatalyst for the degradation of pollutants. Overall, this study demonstrates that the engineering of surface vacancies on perovskite oxide materials can render them as efficient single component photocatalysts for environmental remediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Sharma
- School of Chemical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi 175075, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Rahul Singh
- School of Chemical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi 175075, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Anitya Sharma
- School of Chemical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi 175075, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Venkata Krishnan
- School of Chemical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi 175075, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Samarasinghe LV, Muthukumaran S, Baskaran K. Recent advances in visible light-activated photocatalysts for degradation of dyes: A comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140818. [PMID: 38056717 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development in industrialization and urbanization coupled with an ever-increasing world population has caused a tremendous increase in contamination of water resources globally. Synthetic dyes have emerged as a major contributor to environmental pollution due to their release in large quantities into the environment, especially owing to their high demand in textile, cosmetics, clothing, food, paper, rubber, printing, and plastic industries. Photocatalytic treatment technology has gained immense research attention for dye contaminated wastewater treatment due to its environment-friendliness, ability to completely degrade dye molecules using light irradiation, high efficiency, and no generation of secondary waste. Photocatalytic technology is evolving rapidly, and the foremost goal is to synthesize highly efficient photocatalysts with solar energy harvesting abilities. The current review provides a comprehensive overview of the most recent advances in highly efficient visible light-activated photocatalysts for dye degradation, including methods of synthesis, strategies for improving photocatalytic activity, regeneration and their performance in real industrial effluent. The influence of various operational parameters on photocatalytic activity are critically evaluated in this article. Finally, this review briefly discusses the current challenges and prospects of visible-light driven photocatalysts. This review serves as a convenient and comprehensive resource for comparing and studying the fundamentals and recent advancements in visible light photocatalysts and will facilitate further research in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shobha Muthukumaran
- Institute for Sustainability Industries and Liveable Cities, College of Sport, Health & Engineering, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia
| | - Kanagaratnam Baskaran
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Victoria, 3216, Australia
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Nancucheo I, Segura A, Hernández P, Canales C, Benito N, Arranz A, Romero-Sáez M, Recio-Sánchez G. Bio-recovery of CuS nanoparticles from the treatment of acid mine drainage with potential photocatalytic and antibacterial applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:166194. [PMID: 37567303 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, CuS nanoparticles were biorecovered from a real acid mine drainage (AMD) and its photocatalytic and antibacterial activities were studied. CuS were formed by delivering biogenic H2S produced by a continuous sulfidogenic bioreactor to an off-line vessel containing the AMD. The main physico-chemical properties of CuS nanoparticles were analyzed by UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM, FE-SEM, XRD and XPS. Moreover, its photocatalytic activity on the photodegradation of organic dyes in water and its antibacterial activity against several bacterial strains were studied and compared with CuS nanoparticles synthetized from a CuSO4 aqueous solution based on the same synthesis method. CuS nanoparticles from the real AMD showed similar physico-chemical properties and photocatalytic and antibacterial activities in comparison to CuS nanoparticles formed with the copper solutions. These results open the way to recover valorous CuS nanoparticles from AMD with potential industrial applications using a metal bioremediation process based on sulfidogenic bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Nancucheo
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1547, Concepción, Chile
| | - Aileen Segura
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1547, Concepción, Chile
| | - Pedro Hernández
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1547, Concepción, Chile
| | - Christian Canales
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1547, Concepción, Chile
| | - Noelia Benito
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Antonio Arranz
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Spain
| | - Manuel Romero-Sáez
- Grupo Química Básica, Aplicada y Ambiente-ALQUIMIA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gonzalo Recio-Sánchez
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1547, Concepción, Chile.
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Gadore V, Mishra SR, Ahmaruzzaman M. Metal sulphides and their heterojunctions for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes-A comprehensive review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:90410-90457. [PMID: 37474851 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28753-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Water pollution caused by organic dyes is one of the greatest threats to the ecosystem. The removal of dyes from water has remained a challenge for scientists. Recently, metal sulphides have emerged as a potential candidate for water remediation applications. The efficient charge transportation, greater surface-active sites, and low bandgap of metal sulphides make them an excellent choice of semiconductor photocatalysts for degradation of dyes. This review summarises the potential application of metal sulphides and their heterojunctions for the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes from wastewater. A detailed study has been presented on the synthesis, basics of photodegradation and heterojunctions and photocatalytic activity. The effect of the use of templates, doping agents, synthesis route, and various other factors affecting the photocatalytic activity of metal sulphides have been summarised in this review. The synthesis techniques, characterisation techniques, mechanism of degradation of organic dyes by Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst, reusability and stability of metal sulphides, and the scope of future research are also discussed. This study indicates that Scopus-based core gathered data could be used to give an objective overview of the global dye degradation research from 2008 to 2023 (15 years). All data (articles, authors, keywords, and publications) is compiled in the Scopus database. For the bibliometric study, 1962 papers relevant to dye photodegradation by sulfide-based photocatalysts were found, and this number rises yearly. A bibliometric analysis provides a 15-year evaluation of the state-of-the-art research on the impact of metal sulfide-based photocatalysts on the photodegradation of dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Gadore
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Silchar, 788010, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Soumya Ranjan Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Silchar, 788010, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Md Ahmaruzzaman
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Silchar, 788010, Silchar, Assam, India.
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Dhruv L, Kori DKK, Das AK. Sodium Alginate-CuS Nanostructures Synthesized at the Gel-Liquid Interface: An Efficient Photocatalyst for Redox Reaction and Water Remediation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 37377166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of visible light to propel chemical reactions is an exciting area of study that is crucial in the current socioeconomic environment. However, various photocatalysts have been developed to harness visible light, which consume high energy during synthesis. Thus, synthesizing photocatalysts at gel-liquid interfaces in ambient conditions is of scientific importance. Herein, we report an environmentally benign sodium alginate gel being used as a biopolymer template to synthesize copper sulfide (CuS) nanostructures at the gel-liquid interface. The driving force for the synthesis of CuS nanostructures is varied by changing the pH of the reaction medium (i.e., pH 7.4, 10, and 13) to tailor the morphology of CuS nanostructures. The CuS nanoflakes obtained at pH 7.4 transform into nanocubes when the pH is raised to 10, and the nanostructures deform at the pH of 13. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirms all the characteristic stretching of sodium alginate, whereas the CuS nanostructures are crystallized in a hexagonal crystal system, as revealed by the powder X-ray diffraction analysis. The high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra show the +2 and -2 oxidation states of copper (Cu) and sulfur (S) ions, respectively. The CuS nanoflakes physisorbed a higher concentration of greenhouse CO2 gas. Owing to a lower band gap of CuS nanoflakes synthesized at a pH of 7.4, compared to other CuS nanostructures prepared at pH 10 and 13, CuS photocatalytically degrades 95% of crystal violet and 98% of methylene blue aqueous dye solutions in 60 and 90 min, respectively, under blue light illumination. Additionally, sodium alginate-copper sulfide (SA-CuS) nanostructures synthesized at a pH of 7.4 demonstrate excellent performance in photoredox reactions to convert ferricyanide to ferrocyanide. The current research opens the door to developing new photocatalytic pathways for a wide range of photochemical reactions involving nanoparticle-impregnated alginate composites prepared on gel interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likhi Dhruv
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
| | - Deepak K K Kori
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
| | - Apurba K Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
- Centre for Advanced Electronics (CAE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
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Hajiani M, Sayadi MH, Mozafarjalali M, Ahmadpour N. Green Synthesis of Recyclable, Cost-Effective, Chemically Stable, and Environmentally Friendly CuS@Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Dye. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02359-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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8
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Borah D, Saikia P, Sarmah P, Gogoi D, Rout J, Ghosh NN, Bhattacharjee CR. Composition controllable alga-mediated green synthesis of covellite CuS nanostructure: An efficient photocatalyst for degradation of toxic dye. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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9
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Aqueous-Based Synthesis of Photocatalytic Copper Sulfide Using Sulfur Waste as Sulfurizing Agent. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155253. [PMID: 35955185 PMCID: PMC9369765 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Most of the copper sulfide synthetic approaches developed until now are still facing issues in their procedure, such as long synthesis duration, high energetic consumption, and high implementation costs. This publication reports a facile and sustainable approach for synthesizing copper sulfides on a large scale. In particular, an industrial by-product of sulfur waste was used as a sulfurizing agent for copper sulfide synthesis in a water medium. The reaction was performed in the hydrothermal environment by following a novel proposed mechanism of copper sulfide formation. The investigation of morphological and optical properties revealed that the target products obtained by using waste possess the resembling properties as the ones synthesized from the most conventional sulfurizing agent. Since the determined band gap of synthesis products varied from 1.72 to 1.81 eV, the photocatalytic properties, triggered under visible light irradiation, were also investigated by degrading the methylene blue as a model pollutant. Importantly, the degradation efficiency of the copper sulfide synthesized from sulfur waste was equivalent to a sample obtained from a reference sulfurizing agent since the value for both samples was 96% in 180 min. This very simple synthetic approach opens up a new way for large-scale sustainable production of visible-light-driven photocatalysts for water purification from organic pollutants.
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Plubphon N, Thongtem S, Phuruangrat A, Randorn C, Kaowphong S, Narksitipan S, Thongtem T. Direct microwave heating synthesis and characterization of highly efficient g-C3N4 photocatalyst. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Controlled Deposition of Nanostructured Hierarchical TiO2 Thin Films by Low Pressure Supersonic Plasma Jets. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030533. [PMID: 35159878 PMCID: PMC8839591 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Plasma-assisted supersonic jet deposition (PA-SJD) is a precise technique for the fabrication of thin films with a desired nanostructured morphology. In this work, we used quadrupole mass spectrometry of the neutral species in the jet and the extensive characterization of TiO2 films to improve our understanding of the relationship between jet chemistry and film properties. To do this, an organo–metallic precursor (titanium tetra–isopropoxide or TTIP) was first dissociated using a reactive argon–oxygen plasma in a vacuum chamber and then delivered into a second, lower pressure chamber through a nozzle. The pressure difference between the two chambers generated a supersonic jet carrying nanoparticles of TiO2 in the second chamber, and these were deposited onto the surface of a substrate located few centimeters away from the nozzle. The nucleation/aggregation of the jet nanoparticles could be accurately tuned by a suitable choice of control parameters in order to produce the required structures. We demonstrate that high-quality films of up to several µm in thickness and covering a surface area of few cm2 can be effectively produced using this PA-SJD technique.
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Muslim M, Ali A, Kamaal S, Ahmad M, Jane Alam M, Rahman QI, Shahid M. Efficient adsorption and facile photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes over H-bonded proton-transfer complex: An experimental and theoretical approach. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ahmad M, Qureshi MT, Rehman W, Alotaibi NH, Gul A, Abdel Hameed RS, Elaimi MA, Abd el-kader M, Nawaz M, Ullah R. Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of RhB dye from aqueous solution by biogenic catalyst Ag@ZnO. JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS 2022; 895:162636. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.162636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Bayahia H. Green synthesis of activated carbon doped tungsten trioxide photocatalysts using leaf of basil (Ocimum basilicum) for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under sunlight. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ajibade PA, Oluwalana AE. Photocatalytic Degradation of Single and Binary Mixture of Brilliant Green and Rhodamine B Dyes by Zinc Sulfide Quantum Dots. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247686. [PMID: 34946768 PMCID: PMC8704525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the preparation of octadecylamine-capped ZnS quantum dots from bis(morpholinyldithiocarbamato)Zn(II) complex. The complex was thermolyzed at 130 °C in octadecylamine at different times, to study the effect of reaction time on the morphological and photocatalytic properties of the ZnS quantum dots. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed a hexagonal wurtzite crystalline phase of ZnS, while HRTEM images showed particle sizes of about 1–3 nm, and energy band gaps of 3.68 eV (ZnS–1), 3.87 eV (ZnS–2), and 4.16 eV (ZnS–3) were obtained from the Tauc plot for the ZnS nanoparticles. The as-prepared ZnS were used as photocatalysts for the degradation of brilliant green, rhodamine B, and binary dye consisting of a mixture of brilliant green-rhodamine B. The highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 94% was obtained from ZnS–3 with low photoluminescence intensity. The effect of catalytic dosage and pH of the dyes solution on the photocatalytic process shows that pH 8 is optimal for the degradation of brilliant green, while pH 6.5 is the best for photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B. The degradation of the binary dyes followed the same trends. The effect of catalytic dosage shows that 1 mg mL−1 of the ZnS nano-photocatalyst is the optimum dosage for the degradation of organic dyes. Reusability studies show that the ZnS quantum dots can be reused five times without a significant reduction in degradation efficiency.
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Oluwalana AE, Ajibade PA. Tin sulfide nanoparticles as photocatalysts for the degradation of organic dyes. J Sulphur Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2021.1979975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abimbola E. Oluwalana
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Peter A. Ajibade
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
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