1
|
Morales-González M, Navas-Gómez K, Diaz LE, Gómez-Tejedor JA, Valero MF. Incorporation of Chitosan in Polyurethanes Based on Modified Castor Oil for Cardiovascular Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3733. [PMID: 37765587 PMCID: PMC10535904 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased demand for vascular grafts for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases has led to the search for novel biomaterials that can achieve the properties of the tissue. According to this, the investigation of polyurethanes has been a promising approach to overcome the present limitations. However, some biological properties remain to be overcome, such as thrombogenicity and hemocompatibility, among others. This paper aims to synthesize polyurethanes based on castor oil and castor oil transesterified with triethanolamine (TEA) and pentaerythritol (PE) and with the incorporation of 1% chitosan. Analysis of the wettability, enzymatic degradation, mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break), and thermal stability was performed. Along with the evaluation of the cytotoxicity against mouse fibroblast (L929) and human dermal fibroblast (HDFa) cells, the hemolysis rate and platelet adhesion were determined. The castor-oil-based polyurethanes with and without 1% chitosan posed hydrophobic surfaces and water absorptions of less than 2% and enzymatic degradation below 0.5%. Also, they were thermally stable until 300 °C, with tensile strength like cardiovascular tissues. The synthesized castor oil/chitosan polyurethanes are non-cytotoxic (cell viabilities above 80%) to L929 and HDFa cells and non-thrombogenic and non-hemolytic (less than 2%); therefore, they are suitable for cardiovascular applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Morales-González
- Energy, Materials and Environmental Group (GEMA), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia
| | - Kelly Navas-Gómez
- Energy, Materials and Environmental Group (GEMA), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia
| | - Luis E. Diaz
- Bioprospecting Research Group (GIBP), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia
| | - José A. Gómez-Tejedor
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel F. Valero
- Energy, Materials and Environmental Group (GEMA), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
González-Torres M, Elizalde-Cárdenas A, Leyva-Gómez G, González-Mendoza O, Lima E, Alfonso-Núñez I, Abad-Contreras DE, Del Prado-Audelo M, Pichardo-Bahena R, Carlos-Martínez A, Ribas-Aparicio RM. Combined use of novel chitosan-grafted N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide polyurethane and human dermal fibroblasts as a construct for in vitro-engineered skin. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124136. [PMID: 36965555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
A rich plethora of information about grafted chitosan (CS) for medical use has been reported. The capability of CS-grafted poly(N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide) (CS-g-PHEAA) to support human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) in vitro has been proven. However, CS-grafted copolymers lack good stiffness and the characteristic microstructure of a cellular matrix. In addition, whether CS-g-PHEAA can be used to prepare a scaffold with a suitable morphology and mechanical properties for skin tissue engineering (STE) is unclear. This study aimed to show for the first time that step-growth polymerizations can be used to obtain polyurethane (PU) platforms of CS-g-PHEAA, which can also have enhanced microhardness and be suitable for in vitro cell culture. The PU prepolymers were prepared from grafted CS, polyethylene glycol, and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate. The results proved that a poly(saccharide-urethane) [(CS-g-PHEAA)-PU] could be successfully synthesized with a more suitable microarchitecture, thermal properties, and topology than CS-PU for the dynamic culturing of fibroblasts. Cytotoxicity, proliferation, histological and immunophenotype assessments revealed significantly higher biocompatibility and cell proliferation of the derivative concerning the controls. Cells cultured on (CS-g-PHEAA)-PU displayed a quiescent state compared to those cultured on CS-PU, which showed an activated phenotype. These findings may be critical factors in future studies establishing wound dressing models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maykel González-Torres
- Conacyt & Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luís Guillermo Ibarra", Ciudad de Mexico 14389, Mexico.
| | | | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Oswaldo González-Mendoza
- Conacyt & Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luís Guillermo Ibarra", Ciudad de Mexico 14389, Mexico
| | - Enrique Lima
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Israel Alfonso-Núñez
- Laboratorio de Biomateriales, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - David Eduardo Abad-Contreras
- Laboratorio de Biomateriales, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - María Del Prado-Audelo
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Raúl Pichardo-Bahena
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luís Guillermo Ibarra", Ciudad de Mexico 14389, Mexico
| | - Alberto Carlos-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Microscopia Electrónica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luís Guillermo Ibarra", Ciudad de Mexico 14389, Mexico
| | - Rosa María Ribas-Aparicio
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico, 07738, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|