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Grumi M, Prieto C, Furtado RF, Cheng HN, Biswas A, Limbo S, Cabedo L, Lagaron JM. On the Unique Morphology and Elastic Properties of Multi-Jet Electrospun Cashew Gum-Based Fiber Mats. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1355. [PMID: 38794549 PMCID: PMC11125206 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the unique morphology and mechanical properties of multi-jet electrospun cashew gum (CG) when combined with high-molecular-weight polyethylene oxide (PEO) and glycerol. Cashew gum (CG) is a low-cost, non-toxic heteropolysaccharide derived from Anacardium occidentale trees. Initially, the electrospinnability of aqueous solutions of cashew gum alone or in combination with PEO was evaluated. It was found that cashew gum alone was not suitable for electrospinning; thus, adding a small quantity of PEO was needed to create the necessary molecular entanglements for fiber formation. By using a single emitter with a CG:PEO ratio of 85:15, straight and smooth fibers with some defects were obtained. However, additional purification of the cashew gum solution was needed to produce more stable and defect-free straight and smooth fibers. Additionally, the inclusion of glycerol as a plasticizer was required to overcome material fragility. Interestingly, when the optimized formulation was electrospun using multiple simultaneous emitters, thicker aligned fiber bundles were achieved. Furthermore, the resulting oriented fiber mats exhibited unexpectedly high elongation at break under ambient conditions. These findings underscore the potential of this bio-polysaccharide-based formulation for non-direct water contact applications that demand elastic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Grumi
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain;
| | - Cristina Prieto
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain;
| | - Roselayne F. Furtado
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, Fortaleza 60511-110, Brazil;
| | - Huai N. Cheng
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Allen Toussaint Blvd., New Orleans, LA 70124, USA;
| | - Atanu Biswas
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA;
| | - Sara Limbo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Giovanni Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Luis Cabedo
- Polymers and Advanced Materials Group (PIMA), Universitat Jaume I (UJI), 12006 Castellon, Spain;
| | - Jose M. Lagaron
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain;
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Lin Z, Chen H, Li S, Li X, Wang J, Xu S. Electrospun Food Polysaccharides Loaded with Bioactive Compounds: Fabrication, Release, and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102318. [PMID: 37242893 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Food polysaccharides are well acclaimed in the field of delivery systems due to their natural safety, biocompatibility with the human body, and capability of incorporating/releasing various bioactive compounds. Electrospinning, a straightforward atomization technique that has been attracting researchers worldwide, is also versatile for coupling food polysaccharides and bioactive compounds. In this review, several popular food polysaccharides including starch, cyclodextrin, chitosan, alginate, and hyaluronic acid are selected to discuss their basic characteristics, electrospinning conditions, bioactive compound release characteristics, and more. Data revealed that the selected polysaccharides are capable of releasing bioactive compounds from as rapidly as 5 s to as prolonged as 15 days. In addition, a series of frequently studied physical/chemical/biomedical applications utilizing electrospun food polysaccharides with bioactive compounds are also selected and discussed. These promising applications include but are not limited to active packaging with 4-log reduction against E. coli, L. innocua, and S. aureus; removal of 95% of particulate matter (PM) 2.5 and volatile organic compounds (VOCs); heavy metal ion removal; increasing enzyme heat/pH stability; wound healing acceleration and enhanced blood coagulation, etc. The broad potentials of electrospun food polysaccharides loaded with bioactive compounds are demonstrated in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Lin
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shengmei Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Valentino C, Vigani B, Zucca G, Ruggeri M, Marrubini G, Boselli C, Icaro Cornaglia A, Sandri G, Rossi S. Design of Novel Mechanically Resistant and Biodegradable Multichannel Platforms for the Treatment of Peripheral Nerve Injuries. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1731-1743. [PMID: 36922716 PMCID: PMC10091422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is one of the most debilitating pathologies that severely impair patients' life. Although many efforts have been made to advance in the treatment of such a complex disorder, successful strategies to ensure full recovery are still scarce. The aim of the present work was to develop flexible and mechanically resistant platforms intended to act as a support and guide for neural cells during the regeneration process of peripheral nerve injury. For this purpose, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/poly(d,l-lactic acid) (PDLLA)/poly(ethylene glycol) 400 (PEG)-multichannel-based scaffolds (MCs) were prepared through a multistep process involving electrospun microfibers coated with a polymer blend solution and used as a sacrificial mold. In particular, scaffolds characterized by random (MCR) and aligned (MCA) multichannel were obtained. A design of experiments approach (DoE) was employed to identify a scaffold-optimized composition. MCs were characterized for morphological and mechanical properties, suturability, degradability, cell colonization, and in vivo safety. A new biodegradable, biocompatible, and safe microscale multichannel scaffold was developed as the result of an easy multistep procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Valentino
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Barbara Vigani
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gaia Zucca
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Ruggeri
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Marrubini
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Cinzia Boselli
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonia Icaro Cornaglia
- Department
of Public Health, Experimental, and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sandri
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Rossi
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Barakat HS, Freag MS, Gaber SM, Al Oufy A, Abdallah OY. Development of Verapamil Hydrochloride-loaded Biopolymer-based Composite Electrospun Nanofibrous Mats: In vivo Evaluation of Enhanced Burn Wound Healing without Scar Formation. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:1211-1231. [PMID: 37113467 PMCID: PMC10128156 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s389329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Researchers aim for new heights in wound healing to produce wound dressings with unique features. Natural, synthetic, biodegradable, and biocompatible polymers especially in the nanoscale are being employed to support and provide efficient wound management. Economical and environmentally friendly sustainable wound management alternatives are becoming an urgent issue to meet future needs. Nanofibrous mats possess unique properties for ideal wound healing. They mimic the physical structure of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), promote hemostasis, and gas permeation. Their interconnected nanoporosity prevents wound dehydration and microbial infiltration. Purpose To prepare and evaluate a novel verapamil HCl-loaded environmentally friendly composite, with biopolymer-based electrospun nanofibers suitable for application as wound dressings providing adequate wound healing with no scar formation. Methods Composite nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning of a blend of the natural biocompatible polymers, sodium alginate (SA) or zein (Z) together with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Composite nanofibers were characterized in terms of morphology, diameter, drug entrapment efficiency, and release. In vivo study of the therapeutic efficacy of verapamil HCl-loaded nanofibers on a Sprague Dawley rat model with dermal burn wound was investigated in terms of percent wound closure, and presence of scars. Results Combining PVA with SA or Z improved the electrospinnability and properties of the developed nanofibers. Verapamil HCl-loaded composite nanofibers showed good pharmaceutical attributes favorable for wound healing including, fiber diameter ∼150 nm, high entrapment efficiency (∼80-100%) and biphasic controlled drug release for 24 h. In vivo study demonstrated promising potentials for wound healing without scaring. Conclusion The developed nanofibrous mats combined the beneficial properties of the biopolymers and verapamil HCl to provide an increased functionality by exploiting the unique advantages of nanofibers in wound healing at a small dose proved to be insufficient in case of the conventional dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebatallah S Barakat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Correspondence: Hebatallah S Barakat, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 1 Khartoum Square, Azarita, Messalla Post Office, PO Box 21521, Alexandria, Egypt, Tel +2 01002198334, Email
| | - May S Freag
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sarah M Gaber
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Affaf Al Oufy
- Department of Material & Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Galala University, Galala, Egypt
- Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ossama Y Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Vigani B, Valentino C, Sandri G, Caramella CM, Ferrari F, Rossi S. Spermidine Crosslinked Gellan Gum-Based “Hydrogel Nanofibers” as Potential Tool for the Treatment of Nervous Tissue Injuries: A Formulation Study. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:3421-3439. [PMID: 35942070 PMCID: PMC9356740 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s368960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Aim of the work was to develop a potential neural scaffold, endowed with neuroprotective and neuroregenerative potential, to be applied at the site of nervous tissue injuries: nanofibers, consisting of gellan gum (GG), spermidine (SP) and gelatin (GL), were prepared via electrospinning. SP was selected for its neuroprotective activity and cationic nature that makes it an ideal GG cross-linking agent. GL was added to improve the scaffold bioactivity. Methods Mixtures, containing 1.5% w/w GG and increasing SP concentrations (0–0.125% w/w), were prepared to investigate GG/SP interaction and, thus, to find the best mixture to be electrospun. Mixture rheological and mechanical properties were assessed. The addition of 0.1% w/w GL was also investigated. The most promising GG/SP/GL mixtures were added with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poloxamer (P407) and, then, electrospun. The resulting fibers were characterized in terms of size and mechanical properties and fiber morphology was observed after soaking in water for 24 hours. Nanofiber biocompatibility was assessed on Schwann cells. Results More and more structured GG/SP mixtures were obtained by increasing SP concentration, proving its cross-linking potential. After blending with PEO and P407, the mixture consisting of 1.5% w/w GG, 0.05% w/w SP and 0.1% w/w GL was electrospun. The resulting nanofibers appeared homogenous and characterized by a plastic behavior, suggesting a good mechanical resistance when applied at the injury site. Nanofibers were insoluble in aqueous media and able to form a thin gel layer after hydration. GG/SP/GL nanofibers showed a higher compatibility with Schwann cells than GG/SP ones. Conclusion SP and GL allowed the production of homogenous GG-based nanofibers, which preserved their structure after contact with aqueous media and showed a good compatibility with a neural cell line. After local application at the injury site, nanofibers should support and guide axonal outgrowth, releasing SP in a controlled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Vigani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Franca Ferrari
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: Silvia Rossi, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia, 27100, Italy, Tel +39 0382987357, Fax +39 0382422975, Email
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Tomadoni B, Fabra MJ, López-Rubio A. Electrohydrodynamic processing of phycocolloids for food-related applications: Recent advances and future prospects. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Influence of Excipient Composition on Survival of Vaginal Lactobacilli in Electrospun Nanofibers. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061155. [PMID: 35745728 PMCID: PMC9229553 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The lack of appropriate delivery systems hinders the use of probiotics in the treatment of vaginal infections. Therefore, the development of a new delivery system for the local administration of vaginal probiotics is necessary. In this study, we selected three vaginal lactobacilli, i.e., Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, and Lactobacillus jensenii, and incorporated them into nanofibers using electrospinning. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) was used as a carrier polymer to produce nanofibers. It was supplemented with alginate and sucrose selected from a group of carbohydrates for their growth-promoting effect on lactobacilli. The interaction between excipients and lactobacilli was evaluated thermally and spectroscopically. Bacterial survival in polymer solutions and in nanofibers immediately after electrospinning and after storage varied among species and was dependent on the formulation. Sucrose improved the survival in polymer solutions and preserved the viability of L. crispatus and L. jensenii immediately after electrospinning, and L. gasseri and L. jensenii during storage. Blending PEO with alginate did not improve species viability. However, the three lactobacilli in the nanofibers retained some viability after 56 days, indicating that composite multifunctional nanofibers can maintain the viability of vaginal lactobacilli and can be used as a potential solid delivery system for vaginal administration of probiotics.
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AL-MOALEMI HAFEDHAHMED, IZWAN ABD RAZAK SAIFUL, BOHARI SITIPAULIENAMOHD. ELECTROSPUN SODIUM ALGINATE/POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE) NANOFIBERS FOR WOUND HEALING APPLICATIONS: CHALLENGES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS. CELLULOSE CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:251-270. [DOI: 10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2022.56.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Alginate is an interesting natural biopolymer to be considered for biomedical applications due to its advantages and good biological properties. These biological properties make electrospun alginate nanofibers suitable for various uses in the biomedical field, such as wound healing dressings, drug delivery systems, or both. Unfortunately, the fabrication of alginate nanofibers by electrospinning is very challenging because of the high viscosity of the solution, high surface tension and rigidity in water due to hydrogen bonding, and also their diaxial linkages. This review presents an overview of the factors affecting the electrospinning process of sodium alginate/poly(ethylene oxide) (SA/PEO), the application of SA/PEO in drug delivery systems for wound healing applications, and the degradation and swelling properties of SA/PEO. The challenges and future directions of SA/PEO in the medical field are also discussed.
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Alginate-based nanofibrous membrane with robust photo-Fenton self-cleaning property for efficient crude oil/water emulsion separation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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10
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Bonferoni MC, Caramella C, Catenacci L, Conti B, Dorati R, Ferrari F, Genta I, Modena T, Perteghella S, Rossi S, Sandri G, Sorrenti M, Torre ML, Tripodo G. Biomaterials for Soft Tissue Repair and Regeneration: A Focus on Italian Research in the Field. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091341. [PMID: 34575417 PMCID: PMC8471088 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue repair and regeneration is an interdisciplinary field focusing on developing bioactive substitutes aimed at restoring pristine functions of damaged, diseased tissues. Biomaterials, intended as those materials compatible with living tissues after in vivo administration, play a pivotal role in this area and they have been successfully studied and developed for several years. Namely, the researches focus on improving bio-inert biomaterials that well integrate in living tissues with no or minimal tissue response, or bioactive materials that influence biological response, stimulating new tissue re-growth. This review aims to gather and introduce, in the context of Italian scientific community, cutting-edge advancements in biomaterial science applied to tissue repair and regeneration. After introducing tissue repair and regeneration, the review focuses on biodegradable and biocompatible biomaterials such as collagen, polysaccharides, silk proteins, polyesters and their derivatives, characterized by the most promising outputs in biomedical science. Attention is pointed out also to those biomaterials exerting peculiar activities, e.g., antibacterial. The regulatory frame applied to pre-clinical and early clinical studies is also outlined by distinguishing between Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products and Medical Devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bice Conti
- Correspondence: (M.C.B.); (B.C.); (F.F.)
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Holmberg S, Garza-Flores NA, Almajhadi MA, Chávez-Madero C, Lujambio-Angeles A, Jind B, Bautista-Flores C, Mendoza-Buenrostro C, Pérez-Carrillo E, Wickramasinghe HK, Martínez-Chapa SO, Madou M, Weiss PS, Álvarez MM, Trujillo-de Santiago G. Fabrication of Multilayered Composite Nanofibers Using Continuous Chaotic Printing and Electrospinning: Chaotic Electrospinning. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:37455-37465. [PMID: 34339168 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multi-material and multilayered micro- and nanostructures are prominently featured in nature and engineering and are recognized by their remarkable properties. Unfortunately, the fabrication of micro- and nanostructured materials through conventional processes is challenging and costly. Herein, we introduce a high-throughput, continuous, and versatile strategy for the fabrication of polymer fibers with complex multilayered nanostructures. Chaotic electrospinning (ChE) is based on the coupling of continuous chaotic printing (CCP) and electrospinning, which produces fibers with an internal multi-material microstructure. When a CCP printhead is used as an electrospinning nozzle, the diameter of the fibers is further scaled down by 3 orders of magnitude while preserving their internal structure. ChE enables the use of various polymer inks for the creation of nanofibers with a customizable number of internal nanolayers. Our results showcase the versatility and tunability of ChE to fabricate multilayered structures at the nanoscale at high throughput. We apply ChE to the synthesis of unique carbon textile electrodes composed of nanofibers with striations carved into their surface at regular intervals. These striated carbon electrodes with high surface areas exhibit 3- to 4-fold increases in specific capacitance compared to regular carbon nanofibers; ChE holds great promise for the cost-effective fabrication of electrodes for supercapacitors and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunshine Holmberg
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Almajhadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Carolina Chávez-Madero
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
| | | | - Binny Jind
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
| | - Claudia Bautista-Flores
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
| | | | - Esther Pérez-Carrillo
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
| | - Hemantha Kumar Wickramasinghe
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | | | - Marc Madou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Paul S Weiss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Mario Moisés Álvarez
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
- Departmento de Bioingeniería, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
| | - Grissel Trujillo-de Santiago
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecatrónica y Eléctrica, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
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A Composite Nanosystem as a Potential Tool for the Local Treatment of Glioblastoma: Chitosan-Coated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Embedded in Electrospun Nanofibers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13091371. [PMID: 33922214 PMCID: PMC8122751 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most prevalent and aggressive brain tumors for which there is currently no cure. A novel composite nanosystem (CN), consisting of chitosan-coated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (c-SLN) embedded in O-carboxymethyl chitosan (O-CMCS)-containing nanofibers (NFs), was proposed as a potential tool for the local delivery of lipophilic anti-proliferative drugs. Coacervation was selected as a solvent-free method for the preparation of stearic acid (SA) and behenic acid (BA)-based SLN (SA-SLN and BA-SLN respectively). BA-SLN, containing 0.75% w/w BA sodium salt and 3% w/w poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), were selected for the prosecution of the work since they are characterized by the lowest size functional to their subsequent coating and incorporation in nanofibers. BA-SLN were coated with chitosan (CS) by means of a two-step coating method based on the physical absorption of positively charged CS chains on the SLN negative surface. Nile Red (NR), chosen as the hydrophobic model dye, was dissolved in a micellar solution of BA sodium salt and then added with a coacervating solution until pH ≅ 2.5 was reached. Immunocytochemistry analyses highlighted that CS-coated BA-SLN (c-BA-SLN) exhibited a higher accumulation in human glioblastoma cells (U-373) after 6 h than CS-free BA-SLN. Finally, the c-BA-SLN dispersion was blended with a solution consisting of freely soluble polymers (O-CMCS, poly(ethylene oxide) and poloxamer) and then electrospun to obtain NFs with a mean diameter equal to 850 nm. After the NFs dissolution in an aqueous media, c-BA-SLN maintained their physicochemical properties and zeta potential.
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13
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Vigani B, Valentino C, Cavalloro V, Catenacci L, Sorrenti M, Sandri G, Bonferoni MC, Bozzi C, Collina S, Rossi S, Ferrari F. Gellan-Based Composite System as a Potential Tool for the Treatment of Nervous Tissue Injuries: Cross-Linked Electrospun Nanofibers Embedded in a RC-33-Loaded Freeze-Dried Matrix. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020164. [PMID: 33530643 PMCID: PMC7912322 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Injuries to the nervous system affect more than one billion people worldwide, and dramatically impact on the patient’s quality of life. The present work aimed to design and develop a gellan gum (GG)-based composite system for the local delivery of the neuroprotective sigma-1 receptor agonist, 1-[3-(1,1′-biphen)-4-yl] butylpiperidine (RC-33), as a potential tool for the treatment of tissue nervous injuries. The system, consisting of cross-linked electrospun nanofibers embedded in a RC-33-loaded freeze-dried matrix, was designed to bridge the lesion gap, control drug delivery and enhance axonal regrowth. The gradual matrix degradation should ensure the progressive interaction between the inner fibrous mat and the surrounding cellular environment. Nanofibers, prepared by electrospinning polymeric solutions containing GG, two different grades of poly (ethylene oxide) and poloxamer, were cross-linked with calcium ions. GG-based matrices, loaded with different amounts of RC-33, were prepared by freeze-drying. Dialysis studies and solid-state characterization pointed out the formation of an interaction product between GG and RC-33. RC-33-loaded freeze-dried matrices were characterized by the capability to absorb a high buffer content, forming a gel with marked viscoelastic properties, and by RC-33 controlled release properties. The presence of cross-linked nanofibers increased matrix mechanical resistance.
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Hyaluronic acid electrospinning: Challenges, applications in wound dressings and new perspectives. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 173:251-266. [PMID: 33476622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) has already been consolidated in the literature as an extremely efficient biopolymer for biomedical applications. In addition to its biodegradability, HA also has excellent biological properties. In the nanofiber form, this polymer can mimic biological tissues, mainly the layers of the skin, and therefore has great potential as structures for the construction of wound dressings. Despite the numerous efforts from the scientific community proposing new dressings, this is an area in constant evolution. A dressing that brings together all the properties of an ideal dressing has not been developed yet. Electrospinning is a simple and versatile technique that correctly aligned with the functional properties of HA can produce multifunctional nanofiber structures capable of promoting skin recover quickly. This review discusses (i) key strategies for successful electrospinning of HA, (ii) main challenges and advances found in the electrospinning process, (iii) the bioactive properties of this polymer in the treatment of wounds, as well as (iv) the results obtained in the last decade by the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of the healing properties of these nanosystems.
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15
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Fathi HA, Abdelkader A, AbdelKarim MS, Abdelaziz AA, El-Mokhtar MA, Allam A, Fetih G, El Badry M, Elsabahy M. Electrospun vancomycin-loaded nanofibers for management of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-induced skin infections. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119620. [PMID: 32652179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skin damage exposes the underlying layers to bacterial invasion, leading to skin and soft tissue infections. Several pathogens have developed resistance against conventional topical antimicrobial treatments and rendered them less effective. Recently, several nanomedical strategies have emerged as a potential approach to improve therapeutic outcomes of treating bacterial skin infections. In the current study, nanofibers were utilized for topical delivery of the antimicrobial drug vancomycin and evaluated as a promising tool for treatment of topical skin infections. Vancomycin-loaded nanofibers were prepared via electrospinning technique, and vancomycin-loaded nanofibers of the optimal composition exhibited nanosized uniform smooth fibers (ca. 200 nm diameter), high drug entrapment efficiency and sustained drug release patterns over 48 h. In vitro cytotoxicity assays, using several cell lines, revealed the biocompatibility of the drug-loaded nanofibers. In vitro antibacterial studies showed sustained antibacterial activity of the vancomycin-loaded nanofibers against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), in comparison to the free drug. The nanofibers were then tested in animal model of superficial MRSA skin infection and demonstrated a superior antibacterial efficiency, as compared to animals treated with the free vancomycin solution. Hence, nanofibers might provide an efficient nanodevice to overcome MRSA-induced skin infections and a promising topical delivery vehicle for antimicrobial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A Fathi
- Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Ayat Abdelkader
- Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S AbdelKarim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Abdelaziz
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Mokhtar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Ayat Allam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Gihan Fetih
- Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud El Badry
- Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Assiut International Center of Nanomedicine, Al-Rajhy Liver Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt; Science Academy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
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Mokhena TC, Mochane MJ, Mtibe A, John MJ, Sadiku ER, Sefadi JS. Electrospun Alginate Nanofibers Toward Various Applications: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E934. [PMID: 32093142 PMCID: PMC7078630 DOI: 10.3390/ma13040934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alginate has been a material of choice for a spectrum of applications, ranging from metal adsorption to wound dressing. Electrospinning has added a new dimension to polymeric materials, including alginate, which can be processed to their nanosize levels in order to afford unique nanostructured materials with fascinating properties. The resulting nanostructured materials often feature high porosity, stability, permeability, and a large surface-to-volume ratio. In the present review, recent trends on electrospun alginate nanofibers from over the past 10 years toward advanced applications are discussed. The application of electrospun alginate nanofibers in various fields such as bioremediation, scaffolds for skin tissue engineering, drug delivery, and sensors are also elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teboho Clement Mokhena
- Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa;
- Advanced Polymer Composites, Centre of Nanostructured and Advanced Material, CSIR, Pretoria 0184, South Africa;
| | - Mokgaotsa Jonas Mochane
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Technology Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa;
| | - Asanda Mtibe
- Advanced Polymer Composites, Centre of Nanostructured and Advanced Material, CSIR, Pretoria 0184, South Africa;
| | - Maya Jacob John
- Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa;
- Advanced Polymer Composites, Centre of Nanostructured and Advanced Material, CSIR, Pretoria 0184, South Africa;
- School of Mechanical, Industrial & Aeronautical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
| | - Emmanuel Rotimi Sadiku
- Institute of NanoEngineering Research (INER), Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Jeremia Shale Sefadi
- Department of Physical and Earth Sciences (PES), Sol Plaatje University, Kimberley 8301, South Africa
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Vigani B, Rossi S, Sandri G, Bonferoni MC, Rui M, Collina S, Fagiani F, Lanni C, Ferrari F. Dual-Functioning Scaffolds for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: Alginate Nanofibers Loaded with the Sigma 1 Receptor (S1R) Agonist RC-33 in Chitosan Films. Mar Drugs 2019; 18:E21. [PMID: 31887983 PMCID: PMC7024184 DOI: 10.3390/md18010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work proposed a novel therapeutic platform with both neuroprotective and neuroregenerative potential to be used in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI). A dual-functioning scaffold for the delivery of the neuroprotective S1R agonist, RC-33, to be locally implanted at the site of SCI, was developed. RC-33-loaded fibers, containing alginate (ALG) and a mixture of two different grades of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), were prepared by electrospinning. After ionotropic cross-linking, fibers were incorporated in chitosan (CS) films to obtain a drug delivery system more flexible, easier to handle, and characterized by a controlled degradation rate. Dialysis equilibrium studies demonstrated that ALG was able to form an interaction product with the cationic RC-33 and to control RC-33 release in the physiological medium. Fibers loaded with RC-33 at the concentration corresponding to 10% of ALG maximum binding capacity were incorporated in films based on CS at two different molecular weights-low (CSL) and medium (CSM)-solubilized in acetic (AA) or glutamic (GA) acid. CSL- based scaffolds were subjected to a degradation test in order to investigate if the different CSL salification could affect the film behavior when in contact with media that mimic SCI environment. CSL AA exhibited a slower biodegradation and a good compatibility towards human neuroblastoma cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Vigani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (B.V.); (G.S.); (M.C.B.); (M.R.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Silvia Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (B.V.); (G.S.); (M.C.B.); (M.R.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Giuseppina Sandri
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (B.V.); (G.S.); (M.C.B.); (M.R.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Maria Cristina Bonferoni
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (B.V.); (G.S.); (M.C.B.); (M.R.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Marta Rui
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (B.V.); (G.S.); (M.C.B.); (M.R.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (B.V.); (G.S.); (M.C.B.); (M.R.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Francesca Fagiani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (B.V.); (G.S.); (M.C.B.); (M.R.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (C.L.)
- Scuola Universitaria IUSS, Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Lanni
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (B.V.); (G.S.); (M.C.B.); (M.R.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Franca Ferrari
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli, 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (B.V.); (G.S.); (M.C.B.); (M.R.); (S.C.); (F.F.); (C.L.)
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Malgarim Cordenonsi L, Faccendini A, Rossi S, Bonferoni MC, Malavasi L, Raffin R, Scherman Schapoval EE, Del Fante C, Vigani B, Miele D, Sandri G, Ferrari F. Platelet lysate loaded electrospun scaffolds: Effect of nanofiber types on wound healing. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 142:247-257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Vigani B, Rossi S, Sandri G, Bonferoni MC, Caramella CM, Ferrari F. Hyaluronic acid and chitosan-based nanosystems: a new dressing generation for wound care. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2019; 16:715-740. [PMID: 31215823 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1634051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The main goal in the management of chronic wounds is the development of multifunctional dressings able to promote a rapid recovery of skin structure and function, improving patient compliance. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the use of nanosystems, based on hyaluronic acid and chitosan or their derivatives for the local treatment of chronic wounds. The bioactive properties of both polysaccharides will be described, as well as the results obtained in the last decade by the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of the wound healing properties of nanosystems based on such polymers. EXPERT OPINION In the last decades, there has been a progressive change in the local treatments of chronic wounds: traditional inert dressings have been replaced by more effective bioactive ones, based on biopolymers taking part in wound healing and able to release the loaded active agents in a controlled way. With the advance of nanotechnologies, the scenario has further changed: nanosystems, characterized by a large area-to-volume ratio, show an improved interaction with the biological substrates, amplifying the activity of the constituent biopolymers. In the coming years, a deeper insight into wound healing mechanisms and the development of new techniques for nanosystem manufacturing will results in the design of new scaffolds with improved performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Vigani
- a Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - Silvia Rossi
- a Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | | | | | | | - Franca Ferrari
- a Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
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The Relationships between Process Parameters and Polymeric Nanofibers Fabricated Using a Modified Coaxial Electrospinning. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9060843. [PMID: 31159474 PMCID: PMC6630586 DOI: 10.3390/nano9060843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The concrete relationship between the process parameters and nanoproduct properties is an important challenge for applying nanotechnology to produce functional nanomaterials. In this study, the relationships between series of process parameters and the medicated nanofibers’ diameter were investigated. With an electrospinnable solution of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and ketoprofen as the core fluid, four kinds of nanofibers were prepared with ethanol as a sheath fluid and under the variable applied voltages. Based on these nanofibers, a series of relationships between the process parameters and the nanofibers’ diameters (D) were disclosed, such as with the height of the Taylor cone (H, D = 125 + 363H), with the angle of the Taylor cone (α, D = 1576 − 19α), with the length of the straight fluid jet (L, D = 285 + 209L), and with the spreading angle of the instable region (θ, D = 2342 − 43θ). In vitro dissolution tests verified that the smaller the diameters, the faster ketoprofen (KET) was released from the HPMC nanofibers. These concrete process-property relationships should provide a way to achieve new knowledge about the electrostatic energy-fluid interactions, and to meanwhile improve researchers’ capability to optimize the coaxial process conditions to achieve the desired nanoproducts.
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Mirtič J, Balažic H, Zupančič Š, Kristl J. Effect of Solution Composition Variables on Electrospun Alginate Nanofibers: Response Surface Analysis. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E692. [PMID: 30995752 PMCID: PMC6523165 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate is a promising biocompatible and biodegradable polymer for production of nanofibers for drug delivery and tissue engineering. However, alginate is difficult to electrospin due to its polyelectrolyte nature. The aim was to improve the 'electrospinability' of alginate with addition of exceptionally high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) as a co-polymer. The compositions of the polymer-blend solutions for electrospinning were varied for PEO molecular weight, total (alginate plus PEO) polymer concentration, and PEO proportion in the dry alginate-PEO polymer mix used. These were tested for rheology (viscosity, complex viscosity, storage and loss moduli) and conductivity, and the electrospun nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. One-parameter-at-a-time approach and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to optimize the polymer-blend solution composition to obtain defined nanofibers. Both approaches revealed that the major influence on nanofiber formation and diameter were total polymer concentration and PEO proportion. These polymer-blend solutions of appropriate conductivity and viscosity enabled fine-tuning of nanofiber diameter. PEO molecular weight of 2-4 million Da greatly improved the electrospinnability of alginate, producing nanofibers with >85% alginate. This study shows that RSM can be used to design nanofibers with optimal alginate and co-polymer contents to provide efficient scaffold material for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janja Mirtič
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Helena Balažic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Špela Zupančič
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Julijana Kristl
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Prediction of Viscosity Values of Nanofluids at Different pH Values by Alternating Decision Tree and Multilayer Perceptron Methods. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9071288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to the poor thermal properties of conventional thermal fluids such as water, oil and ethylene glycol, small solid particles are added to these fluids to enhance heat transfer. Since the viscosity change determines the rheological behavior of a liquid, it is very important to examine the parameters affecting the viscosity. Since the experimental viscosity measurement is expensive and time-consuming, it is more practical to estimate this parameter. In this study, CuO (copper oxide) nanoparticles were produced and then Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images analyses of the produced particles were made. Nanofluids were obtained by using pure water, ethanol and ethylene glycol materials together with the produced nanoparticles and the viscosity values were calculated by experimental setups at different density and temperatures. For the viscosity values of nanofluids, predictive models were created by using different computational intelligence methods. Mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) error analyses were used to determine the accuracy of the predictive models. The multilayer perceptron method, which has the least error value in computational methods, was chosen as the best predicting method. The multilayer perceptron method, with an average accuracy of 51%, performed better than the alternating decision tree method. As a result, the viscosity increased with the increase in the pH of the nanofluids produced by adding CuO nanoparticles and decreased with the increase in the temperature of the nanofluids. The importance of this study is to create a predictive model using computational intelligence methods for viscosity values calculated with different pH values.
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Ramalingam R, Dhand C, Leung CM, Ezhilarasu H, Prasannan P, Ong ST, Subramanian S, Kamruddin M, Lakshminarayanan R, Ramakrishna S, Verma NK, Arunachalam KD. Poly-ε-Caprolactone/Gelatin Hybrid Electrospun Composite Nanofibrous Mats Containing Ultrasound Assisted Herbal Extract: Antimicrobial and Cell Proliferation Study. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E462. [PMID: 30897714 PMCID: PMC6474082 DOI: 10.3390/nano9030462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun fibers have emerged as promising materials in the field of biomedicine, due to their superior physical and cell supportive properties. In particular, electrospun mats are being developed for advanced wound dressing applications. Such applications require the firers to possess excellent antimicrobial properties in order to inhibit potential microbial colonization from resident and non-resident bacteria. In this study, we have developed Poly-ε-Caprolactone /gelatin hybrid composite mats loaded with natural herbal extract (Gymnema sylvestre) to prevent bacterial colonization. As-spun scaffolds exhibited good wettability and desirable mechanical properties retaining their fibrous structure after immersing them in phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.2) for up to 30 days. The initial burst release of Gymnema sylvestre prevented the colonization of bacteria as confirmed by the radial disc diffusion assay. Furthermore, the electrospun mats promoted cellular attachment, spreading and proliferation of human primary dermal fibroblasts and cultured keratinocytes, which are crucial parenchymal cell-types involved in the skin recovery process. Overall these results demonstrated the utility of Gymnema sylvestre impregnated electrospun PCL/Gelatin nanofibrous mats as an effective antimicrobial wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra Ramalingam
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur Campus, Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu 603203, India.
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur Campus, Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu 603203, India.
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, 2 Engineering Drive 3, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
| | - Chetna Dhand
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore.
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
| | - Chak Ming Leung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117581, Singapore.
| | - Hariharan Ezhilarasu
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, 2 Engineering Drive 3, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
| | - Praseetha Prasannan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Experimental Medicine Building, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Seow Theng Ong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Experimental Medicine Building, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Sundarapandian Subramanian
- Department of Anatomy, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kattankulathur Campus, Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu 603203, India.
| | - Mohammed Kamruddin
- Materials Physics Division, Material Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu 603102, India.
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore.
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, 2 Engineering Drive 3, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
| | - Navin Kumar Verma
- Anti-Infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore.
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Experimental Medicine Building, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore.
| | - Kantha Deivi Arunachalam
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur Campus, Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu 603203, India.
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