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Lu R, Lee BJ, Lee E. Three-Dimensional Lymphatics-on-a-Chip Reveals Distinct, Size-Dependent Nanoparticle Transport Mechanisms in Lymphatic Drug Delivery. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:5752-5763. [PMID: 39176471 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Although nanoparticle-based lymphatic drug delivery systems promise better treatment of cancer, infectious disease, and immune disease, their clinical translations are limited by low delivery efficiencies and unclear transport mechanisms. Here, we employed a three-dimensional (3D) lymphatics-on-a-chip featuring an engineered lymphatic vessel (LV) capable of draining interstitial fluids including nanoparticles. We tested lymphatic drainage of different sizes (30, 50, and 70 nm) of PLGA-b-PEG nanoparticles (NPs) using the lymphatics-on-a-chip device. In this study, we discovered that smaller NPs (30 and 50 nm) transported faster than larger NPs (70 nm) through the interstitial space, as expected, but the smaller NPs were captured by lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and accumulated within their cytosol, delaying NP transport into the lymphatic lumen, which was not observed in larger NPs. To examine the mechanisms of size-dependent NP transports, we employed four inhibitors, dynasore, nystatin, amiloride, and adrenomedullin, to selectively block dynamin-, caveolin-, macropinocytosis-mediated endocytosis-, and cell junction-mediated paracellular transport. Inhibiting dynamin using dynasore enhanced the transport of smaller NPs (30 and 50 nm) into the lymphatic lumen, minimizing cytosolic accumulation, but showed no effect on larger NP transport. Interestingly, the inhibition of caveolin by nystatin decreased the lymphatic transport of larger NPs without affecting the smaller NP transport, indicating distinct endocytosis mechanisms used by different sizes of NPs. Macropinocytosis inhibition by amiloride did not change the drainage of all sizes of NPs; however, paracellular transport inhibition by adrenomedullin blocked the lymphatic transport of NPs of all sizes. We further revealed that smaller NPs were captured in the Rab7-positive late-stage lymphatic endosomes to delay their lymphatic drainage, which was reversed by dynamin inhibition, suggesting that Rab7 is a potential target to enhance the lymphatic delivery of smaller NPs. Together, our 3D lymphatics-on-a-chip model unveils size-dependent NP transport mechanisms in lymphatic drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhao Lu
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Benjamin J Lee
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Esak Lee
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Choi H, Kaneko S, Suzuki Y, Inamura K, Nishikawa M, Sakai Y. Size-Dependent Internalization of Microplastics and Nanoplastics Using In Vitro Model of the Human Intestine-Contribution of Each Cell in the Tri-Culture Models. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1435. [PMID: 39269097 PMCID: PMC11397364 DOI: 10.3390/nano14171435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Pollution by microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) raises concerns, not only regarding their environmental effects, but also their potential impact on human health by internalization via the small intestine. However, the detailed pathways of MNP internalization and their toxicities to the human intestine have not sufficiently been understood, thus, further investigations are required. This work aimed to understand the behavior of MNPs, using in vitro human intestine models, tri-culture models composed of enterocyte Caco-2 cells, goblet-like HT29-MTX-E12 cells, and microfold cells (M cells) induced by the lymphoblast cell line Raji B. Three sizes (50, 100, and 500 nm) of polystyrene (PS) particles were exposed as MNPs on the culture model, and size-dependent translocation of the MNPs and the contributions of each cell were clarified, emphasizing the significance of the tri-culture model. In addition, potential concerns of MNPs were suggested when they invaded the circulatory system of the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjin Choi
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shohei Kaneko
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yusei Suzuki
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kosuke Inamura
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masaki Nishikawa
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Pavelić K, Pavelić SK, Bulog A, Agaj A, Rojnić B, Čolić M, Trivanović D. Nanoparticles in Medicine: Current Status in Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12827. [PMID: 37629007 PMCID: PMC10454499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still a leading cause of deaths worldwide, especially due to those cases diagnosed at late stages with metastases that are still considered untreatable and are managed in such a way that a lengthy chronic state is achieved. Nanotechnology has been acknowledged as one possible solution to improve existing cancer treatments, but also as an innovative approach to developing new therapeutic solutions that will lower systemic toxicity and increase targeted action on tumors and metastatic tumor cells. In particular, the nanoparticles studied in the context of cancer treatment include organic and inorganic particles whose role may often be expanded into diagnostic applications. Some of the best studied nanoparticles include metallic gold and silver nanoparticles, quantum dots, polymeric nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes and graphene, with diverse mechanisms of action such as, for example, the increased induction of reactive oxygen species, increased cellular uptake and functionalization properties for improved targeted delivery. Recently, novel nanoparticles for improved cancer cell targeting also include nanobubbles, which have already demonstrated increased localization of anticancer molecules in tumor tissues. In this review, we will accordingly present and discuss state-of-the-art nanoparticles and nano-formulations for cancer treatment and limitations for their application in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krešimir Pavelić
- Faculty of Medicine, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagrebačka 30, 52100 Pula, Croatia
| | - Sandra Kraljević Pavelić
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, Ulica Viktora Cara Emina 5, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Bulog
- Teaching Institute for Public Health of Primorsko-Goranska County, Krešimirova Ulica 52, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Andrea Agaj
- Faculty of Medicine, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagrebačka 30, 52100 Pula, Croatia
| | - Barbara Rojnić
- Faculty of Medicine, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagrebačka 30, 52100 Pula, Croatia
| | - Miroslav Čolić
- Clear Water Technology Inc., 13008 S Western Avenue, Gardena, CA 90429, USA;
| | - Dragan Trivanović
- Faculty of Medicine, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagrebačka 30, 52100 Pula, Croatia
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, General Hospital Pula, Santorijeva 24a, 52200 Pula, Croatia
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Sousa Ribeiro IR, da Silva RF, Rabelo RS, Marin TM, Bettini J, Cardoso MB. Flowing through Gastrointestinal Barriers with Model Nanoparticles: From Complex Fluids to Model Human Intestinal Epithelium Permeation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37467308 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Most nanomaterial-based medicines are intravenously applied since oral administration comprises challenging-related biological obstacles, such as interactions with distinct digestive fluids and their transport through the intestinal barrier. Moreover, there is a lack of nanoparticle-based studies that faithfully consider the above-cited obstacles and boost oral-administered nanomedicines' rational design. In this study, the physicochemical stability of fluorescent model silica nanoparticles (f-SiO2NPs) passing through all simulated gastrointestinal fluids (salivary, gastric, and intestinal) and their absorption and transport across a model human intestinal epithelium barrier are investigated. An aggregation/disaggregation f-SiO2NPs process is identified, although these particles remain chemically and physically stable after exposure to digestive fluids. Further, fine imaging of f-SiO2NPs through the absorption and transport across the human intestinal epithelium indicates that nanoparticle transport is time-dependent. The above-presented protocol shows tremendous potential for deciphering fundamental gastrointestinal nanoparticles' evolution and can contribute to rational oral administration-based nanomedicine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Renata Sousa Ribeiro
- Institute of Chemistry (IQ), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box: 6154, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Raquel Frenedoso da Silva
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Renata Santos Rabelo
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Talita Miguel Marin
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box: 6109, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Bettini
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Mateus Borba Cardoso
- Institute of Chemistry (IQ), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box: 6154, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
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Arrua EC, Hartwig O, Loretz B, Murgia X, Ho DK, Bastiat G, Lehr CM, Salomón CJ. Formulation of benznidazole-lipid nanocapsules: Drug release, permeability, biocompatibility, and stability studies. Int J Pharm 2023:123120. [PMID: 37307960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Benznidazole, a poorly soluble in water drug, is the first-line medication for the treatment of Chagas disease, but long treatment periods at high dosages cause several adverse effects with insufficient activity in the chronic phase. According to these facts, there is a serious need for novel benznidazole formulations for improving the chemotherapy of Chagas disease. Thus, this work aimed to incorporate benznidazole into lipid nanocapsules for improving its solubility, dissolution rate in different media, and permeability. Lipid nanocapsules were prepared by the phase inversion technique and were fully characterized. Three formulations were obtained with a diameter of 30, 50, and 100 nm and monomodal size distribution with a low polydispersity index and almost neutral zeta potential. Drug encapsulation efficiency was between 83 and 92% and the drug loading was between 0.66 and 1.04%. Loaded formulations were stable under storage for one year at 4 °C. Lipid nanocapsules were found to protect benznidazole in simulated gastric fluid and provide a sustained release platform for the drug in a simulated intestinal fluid containing pancreatic enzymes. The small size and the almost neutral surface charge of these lipid nanocarriers improved their penetration through mucus and such formulations showed a reduced chemical interaction with gastric mucin glycoproteins. LNCs. The incorporation of benznidazole in lipid nanocapsules improved the drug permeability across intestinal epithelium by 10-fold compared with the non-encapsulated drug while the exposure of the cell monolayers to these nanoformulations did not affect the integrity of the epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva C Arrua
- Institute of Chemistry, IQUIR-CONICET, National Council Research, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Olga Hartwig
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany; Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Suipacha, 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Brigitta Loretz
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Xabier Murgia
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Duy-Khiet Ho
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Guillaume Bastiat
- LUNAM Université, Micro et Nanomédecines Biomimétiques, F-49933, Angers, France and Inserm, U1066 IBS-CHU, 4 rue Larrey, F-49933 Angers Cédex 9, France
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Claudio J Salomón
- Institute of Chemistry, IQUIR-CONICET, National Council Research, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina; Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Suipacha, 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
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Dima C, Assadpour E, Nechifor A, Dima S, Li Y, Jafari SM. Oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds; modulating factors, in vitro analysis methods, and enhancing strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:8501-8539. [PMID: 37096550 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2199861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Foods are complex biosystems made up of a wide variety of compounds. Some of them, such as nutrients and bioactive compounds (bioactives), contribute to supporting body functions and bring important health benefits; others, such as food additives, are involved in processing techniques and contribute to improving sensory attributes and ensuring food safety. Also, there are antinutrients in foods that affect food bioefficiency and contaminants that increase the risk of toxicity. The bioefficiency of food is evaluated with bioavailability which represents the amount of nutrients or bioactives from the consumed food reaching the organs and tissues where they exert their biological activity. Oral bioavailability is the result of some physicochemical and biological processes in which food is involved such as liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (LADME). In this paper, a general presentation of the factors influencing oral bioavailability of nutrients and bioactives as well as the in vitro techniques for evaluating bioaccessibility and is provided. In this context, a critical analysis of the effects of physiological factors related to the characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) on oral bioavailability is discussed, such as pH, chemical composition, volumes of gastrointestinal (GI) fluids, transit time, enzymatic activity, mechanical processes, and so on, and the pharmacokinetics factors including BAC and solubility of bioactives, their transport across the cell membrane, their biodistribution and metabolism. The impact of matrix and food processing on the BAC of bioactives is also explained. The researchers' recent concerns for improving oral bioavailability of nutrients and food bioactives using both traditional techniques, for example, thermal treatments, mechanical processes, soaking, germination and fermentation, as well as food nanotechnologies, such as loading of bioactives in different colloidal delivery systems (CDSs), is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Dima
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Galati, Romania
| | - Elham Assadpour
- Food Industry Research Co, Gorgan, Iran
- Food and Bio-Nanotech International Research Center (Fabiano), Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Alexandru Nechifor
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy - Medical Clinical Department, Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Galati, Romania
| | - Stefan Dima
- Faculty of Science and Environment, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Galati, Romania
| | - Yan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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Kono G, Yoshida K, Kokubo E, Ikeda M, Matsubara T, Koyama T, Iwamoto H, Miyaji K. Fermentation Supernatant of Elderly Feces with Inulin and Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum Maintains the Barrier of Inflammation-Induced Caco-2/HT29-MTX-E12 Co-Cultured Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1510-1517. [PMID: 36622307 PMCID: PMC9880993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal barrier function declines with aging. We evaluated the effect of dietary fibers and indigestible oligosaccharides on intestinal barrier function by altering the microbiota of the elderly. The feces were anaerobically cultured with indigestible dextrin, inulin, partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), lactulose, raffinose, or alginate, and the fermented supernatant was added to inflammation-induced Caco-2/HT29-MTX-E12 co-cultured cells. Our data showed that inulin- and PHGG-derived supernatants exerted a protective effect on the intestinal barrier. The protective effect was significantly positively correlated with total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and butyric acid production in the supernatant and negatively correlated with the claudin-2 (CLDN2) gene expression in the cultured cells. Furthermore, we showed that the CLDN2 levels are regulated by butyric acid. Thus, inulin and PHGG can change the intestinal environment of the elderly and maintain the intestinal barrier by accelerating the production of SCFAs and modifying the expression levels of barrier function-related genes.
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Wu J, Zhu Z, Liu W, Zhang Y, Kang Y, Liu J, Hu C, Wang R, Zhang M, Chen L, Shao L. How Nanoparticles Open the Paracellular Route of Biological Barriers: Mechanisms, Applications, and Prospects. ACS NANO 2022; 16:15627-15652. [PMID: 36121682 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biological barriers are essential physiological protective systems and obstacles to drug delivery. Nanoparticles (NPs) can access the paracellular route of biological barriers, either causing adverse health impacts on humans or producing therapeutic opportunities. This Review introduces the structural and functional influences of NPs on the key components that govern the paracellular route, mainly tight junctions, adherens junctions, and cytoskeletons. Furthermore, we evaluate their interaction mechanisms and address the influencing factors that determine the ability of NPs to open the paracellular route, which provides a better knowledge of how NPs can open the paracellular route in a safer and more controllable way. Finally, we summarize limitations in the research models and methodologies of the existing research in the field and provide future research direction. This Review demonstrates the in-depth causes for the reversible opening or destruction of the integrity of barriers generated by NPs; more importantly, it contributes insights into the design of NP-based medications to boost paracellular drug delivery efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhenjun Zhu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yiyuan Kang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Chen Hu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ruolan Wang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Manjin Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Johnson B, Panek P, Yu A, Fischer E, Koba M, Mendoza Hermosillo D, Capaldo CT. Interferon gamma upregulates the cytokine receptors IFNGR1 and TNFRSF1A in HT-29-MTX E12 cells. Cytokine 2022; 156:155892. [PMID: 35653895 PMCID: PMC9636846 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal mucosa protects the body from physical damage, pathogens, and antigens. However, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) patients suffer from poor mucosal tissue function, including the lack of an effective cellular and/or mucus barrier. We investigated the mucus producing human colonic epithelial cell line HT29-MTX E12 to study its suitability as an in vitro model of cell/mucus barrier adaption during IBD. It was found that the proinflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), but not tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), reduced cell viability. IFN-γ and TNF-α were found to synergize to decrease barrier function, as measured by trans-epithelial electric resistance (TER) and molecular flux assays. Cells cultured under an air-liquid interface produced an adherent mucus layer, and under these conditions reduced barrier function was found after cytokine exposure. Furthermore, IFN-γ, but not TNF-α treatment, upregulated the IFN-γ receptor 1 (IFNGR1) and TNF-α receptor super family 1A (TNFRSF1A) subunit mRNA in vitro. Co-stimulation resulted in increased mRNA expression of CLDN 2 and 5, two gene known to play a role in epithelial barrier integrity. Analysis of IBD patient samples revealed IFNGR1 and TNFRSF mRNA increased coincidently with guanylate binding protein 1 (GBP1) expression, an indicator of NFkB activity. Lastly, CLDN2 was found at higher levels in IBD patients while HNF4a was suppressed with disease. In conclusion, IFN-γ and TNF-α degrade epithelial/mucus barriers coincident with changes in CLDN gene and cytokine receptor subunit mRNA expression in HT29-MTX E12 cells. These changes largely reflect those observed in IBD patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Johnson
- Center for Biomedical Research at The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Paulina Panek
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA
| | - Andy Yu
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA
| | - Elizabeth Fischer
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA
| | - Marli Koba
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA
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Shang H, Sun Y, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Yang H, Ci X, Cui T, Xia Y, Gu Y, Liao M, Li Q, Si D, Liu C. Intestinal absorption mechanism of rotundic acid: Involvement of P-gp and OATP2B1. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 289:115006. [PMID: 35051604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ilicis Rotundae Cortex (IRC), the dried barks of Ilex rotunda Thunb. (Aquifoliaceae), has been used for the prevention or treatment of colds, tonsillitis, dysentery, and gastrointestinal diseases in folk medicine due to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. However, there is no report about the intestinal absorption of major compounds that support traditional usage. AIM OF STUDY Considering the potential of rotundic acid (RA) - major biologically active pentacyclic triterpenes found in the IRC, this study was purposed to uncover the oral absorption mechanism of RA using in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) model, in vitro cell models (Caco-2, MDCKII-WT, MDCKII-MDR1, MDCKII-BCRP, and HEK293-OATP2B1 cells) and in vivo pharmacokinetics studies in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The molecular properties (solubility, lipophilicity, and chemical stability) and the effects of principal parameters (time, compound concentrations, pH, paracellular pathway, and the different intestinal segments) were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The susceptibility of RA to various inhibitors, such as P-gp inhibitor verapamil, BCRP inhibitor Ko143, OATP 2B1 inhibitor rifampicin, and absorption enhancer EGTA were assessed. RESULTS RA was a compound with low water solubility (12.89 μg/mL) and strong lipophilicity (LogP = 4.1). RA was considered stable in all media during the SPIP and transport studies. The SPIP and cell experiments showed RA was moderate absorbed in the intestines and exhibited time, concentration, pH, and segment-dependent permeability. In addition, results from the cell model, in situ SPIP model as well as the in vivo pharmacokinetics studies consistently showed that verapamil, rifampicin, and EGTA might have significant effect on the intestinal absorption of RA. CONCLUSION The mechanisms of intestinal absorption of RA might involve multiple transport pathways, including passive diffusion, the participation of efflux (i.e., P-gp) and influx (i.e., OATP2B1) transporters, and paracellular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yinghui Sun
- Research Center of Bio-Technology, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Ze Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Huajiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ci
- Research Center of Bio-Technology, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Tao Cui
- Research Center of Bio-Technology, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xia
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China; Research Unit for Drug Metabolism, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yuan Gu
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China; Research Unit for Drug Metabolism, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Maoliang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China; Tianjin Ringpu Bio-technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Quansheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Duanyun Si
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China; Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China; Research Unit for Drug Metabolism, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China; Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300000, China; Research Unit for Drug Metabolism, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
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11
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Hoffmann P, Burmester M, Langeheine M, Brehm R, Empl MT, Seeger B, Breves G. Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-cultured cells as a model for studying physiological properties and toxin-induced effects on intestinal cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257824. [PMID: 34618824 PMCID: PMC8496855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious gastrointestinal diseases are frequently caused by toxins secreted by pathogens which may impair physiological functions of the intestines, for instance by cholera toxin or by heat-labile enterotoxin. To obtain a functional model of the human intestinal epithelium for studying toxin-induced disease mechanisms, differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells were co-cultured with goblet cell-like HT29-MTX cells. These co-cultures formed a functional epithelial barrier, as characterized by a high electrical resistance and the presence of physiological intestinal properties such as glucose transport and chloride secretion which could be demonstrated electrophysiologically and by measuring protein expression. When the tissues were exposed to cholera toxin or heat-labile enterotoxin in the Ussing chamber, cholera toxin incubation resulted in an increase in short-circuit currents, indicating an increase in apical chloride secretion. This is in line with typical cholera toxin-induced secretory diarrhea in humans, while heat-labile enterotoxin only showed an increase in short-circuit-current in Caco-2 cells. This study characterizes for the first time the simultaneous measurement of physiological properties on a functional and structural level combined with the epithelial responses to bacterial toxins. In conclusion, using this model, physiological responses of the intestine to bacterial toxins can be investigated and characterized. Therefore, this model can serve as an alternative to the use of laboratory animals for characterizing pathophysiological mechanisms of enterotoxins at the intestinal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Hoffmann
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Burmester
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Langeheine
- Institute for Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralph Brehm
- Institute for Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael T. Empl
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bettina Seeger
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerhard Breves
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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12
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Chong HB, Youn J, Shin W, Kim HJ, Kim DS. Multiplex recreation of human intestinal morphogenesis on a multi-well insert platform by basolateral convective flow. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3316-3327. [PMID: 34323906 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00404b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report a multiplex culture system that enables simultaneous recreation of multiple replications of the three-dimensional (3D) microarchitecture of the human intestinal epithelium in vitro. The "basolateral convective flow-generating multi-well insert platform (BASIN)" contains 24 nano-porous inserts and an open basolateral chamber applying controllable convective flow in the basolateral compartment that recreates a biomimetic morphogen gradient using a conventional orbital shaker. The mechanistic approach by which the removal of morphogen inhibitors in the basolateral medium can induce intestinal morphogenesis was applied to manipulate the basolateral convective flow in space and time. In a multiplex BASIN, we successfully regenerated a 3D villi-like intestinal microstructure using the Caco-2 human intestinal epithelium that presents high barrier function with minimal insert-to-insert variations. The enhanced cytodifferentiation and proliferation of the 3D epithelial layers formed in the BASIN were visualized with markers of absorptive (villin) and proliferative cells (Ki67). The paracellular transport and efflux profiles of the microengineered 3D epithelial layers in the BASIN confirmed its reproducibility, robustness, and scalability for multiplex biochemical or pharmaceutical studies. Finally, the BASIN was used to investigate the effects of dextran sodium sulfate on the intestinal epithelial barrier and morphology to validate its practical applicability for investigating the effects of external chemicals on the intestinal epithelium and constructing a leaky-gut model. We envision that the BASIN may provide an improved multiplex, scalable, and physiological intestinal epithelial model that is readily accessible to researchers in both basic and applied sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Beom Chong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea.
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13
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Implications of phospholipid-based nanomixed micelles of olmesartan medoxomil with enhanced lymphatic drug targeting ability and systemic bioavailability. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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14
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Voss L, Hoché E, Stock V, Böhmert L, Braeuning A, Thünemann AF, Sieg H. Intestinal and hepatic effects of iron oxide nanoparticles. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:895-905. [PMID: 33554279 PMCID: PMC7904561 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02960-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles gain increasing attention due to their broad industrial use. However, safety concerns exist since their effects on human cells are still under investigation. The presence of iron oxide nanoparticles in the food pigment E172 has been shown recently. Here, we studied four iron oxide nanoparticles, one food pigment E172 and the ionic control FeSO4 regarding dissolution in biological media, uptake and transport, and cellular effects in vitro in human intestinal Caco-2 and HepaRG hepatocarcinoma cells. The iron oxide nanoparticles passed the gastrointestinal passage without dissolution and reached the intestine in the form of particles. Minor uptake was seen into Caco-2 cells but almost no transport to the basolateral site was detected for any of the tested particles. HepaRG cells showed higher particle uptake. Caco-2 cells showed no alterations in reactive oxygen species production, apoptosis, or mitochondrial membrane potential, whereas two particles induced apoptosis in HepaRG cells, and one altered mitochondrial membrane potential at non-cytotoxic concentrations. No correlation between physicochemical particle characteristics and cellular effects was observed, thus emphasizing the need for case-by-case assessment of iron oxide nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Voss
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisa Hoché
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Valerie Stock
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Linda Böhmert
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert Braeuning
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas F Thünemann
- German Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Sieg
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
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15
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García-Rodríguez A, Moreno-Olivas F, Marcos R, Tako E, Marques CNH, Mahler GJ. The Role of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles, Escherichia coli, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus on Small Intestinal Enzyme Activity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2020; 7:3940-3964. [PMID: 33815806 PMCID: PMC8011031 DOI: 10.1039/d0en01001d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have become common in the food industry, which motivates the need to evaluate ENM effects on human health. Gastrointestinal (GI) in vitro models (e.g. Caco-2, Caco-2/HT29-MTX) have been used in nanotoxicology research. However, the human gut environment is composed of both human cells and the gut microbiota. The goal of this study is to increase the complexity of the Caco-2/HT29-MTX in vitro model by co-culturing human cells with the Gram-positive, commensal Lactobacillus rhamnosus or the Gram-negative, opportunistic Escherichia coli; with the hypothesis that the presence of bacteria would ameliorate the effects of exposure to metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) such as iron oxide (Fe2O3), silicone dioxide (SiO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2), or zinc oxide (ZnO). To understand this relationship, Caco-2/HT29-MTX cell barriers were acutely co-exposed (4 hours) to bacteria and/or NPs (pristine or in vitro digested). The activity of the brush border membrane (BBM) enzymes intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), aminopeptidase-N (APN), sucrase isomaltase (SI) and the basolateral membrane enzyme (BLM) Na+/K+ ATPase were assessed. Findings show that (i) the human digestion process alters the physicochemical properties of NPs, (ii) large agglomerates of NPs remain entrapped on the apical side of the intestinal barrier, which (iii) affects the activity of BBM enzymes. Interestingly, some NPs effects were attenuated in the presence of either bacterial strains. Confocal microscopy detected bacteria-NPs interactions, which may impede the NP-intestinal cell contact. These results highlight the importance of improving in vitro models to closely mimic the complexities of the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba García-Rodríguez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
- Binghamton Biofilm Research Center, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 1302, USA
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Bioscience, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Fabiola Moreno-Olivas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
- Binghamton Biofilm Research Center, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Bioscience, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Elad Tako
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853-7201, USA
| | - Cláudia N. H. Marques
- Binghamton Biofilm Research Center, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 1302, USA
| | - Gretchen J. Mahler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
- Binghamton Biofilm Research Center, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
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16
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Schoultz I, Keita ÅV. The Intestinal Barrier and Current Techniques for the Assessment of Gut Permeability. Cells 2020; 9:E1909. [PMID: 32824536 PMCID: PMC7463717 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal barrier is essential in human health and constitutes the interface between the outside and the internal milieu of the body. A functional intestinal barrier allows absorption of nutrients and fluids but simultaneously prevents harmful substances like toxins and bacteria from crossing the intestinal epithelium and reaching the body. An altered intestinal permeability, a sign of a perturbed barrier function, has during the last decade been associated with several chronic conditions, including diseases originating in the gastrointestinal tract but also diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson disease. This has led to an intensified interest from researchers with diverse backgrounds to perform functional studies of the intestinal barrier in different conditions. Intestinal permeability is defined as the passage of a solute through a simple membrane and can be measured by recording the passage of permeability markers over the epithelium via the paracellular or the transcellular route. The methodological tools to investigate the gut barrier function are rapidly expanding and new methodological approaches are being developed. Here we outline and discuss, in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo techniques and how these methods can be utilized for thorough investigation of the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Schoultz
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 703 62 Örebro, Sweden;
| | - Åsa V. Keita
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
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17
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Kämpfer AAM, Busch M, Schins RPF. Advanced In Vitro Testing Strategies and Models of the Intestine for Nanosafety Research. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1163-1178. [PMID: 32383381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There is growing concern about the potential adverse effects of oral exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENM). Recent years have witnessed major developments in and advancement of intestinal in vitro models for nanosafety evaluation. The present paper reviews the key factors that should be considered for inclusion in nonanimal alternative testing approaches to reliably reflect the in vivo dynamics of the physicochemical properties of ENM as well the intestinal physiology and morphology. Currently available models range from simple cell line-based monocultures to advanced 3D systems and organoids. In addition, in vitro approaches exist to replicate the mucous barrier, digestive processes, luminal flow, peristalsis, and interactions of ENM with the intestinal microbiota. However, while the inclusion of a multitude of individual factors/components of particle (pre)treatment, exposure approach, and cell model approximates in vivo-like conditions, such increasing complexity inevitably affects the system's robustness and reproducibility. The selection of the individual modules to build the in vitro testing strategy should be driven and justified by the specific purpose of the study and, not least, the intended or actual application of the investigated ENM. Studies that address health hazards of ingested ENM likely require different approaches than research efforts to unravel the fundamental interactions or toxicity mechanisms of ENM in the intestine. Advanced reliable and robust in vitro models of the intestine, especially when combined in an integrated testing approach, offer great potential to further improve the field of nanosafety research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela A M Kämpfer
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, IUF, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mathias Busch
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, IUF, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Roel P F Schins
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, IUF, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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18
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Alabi BR, LaRanger R, Shay JW. Decellularized mice colons as models to study the contribution of the extracellular matrix to cell behavior and colon cancer progression. Acta Biomater 2019; 100:213-222. [PMID: 31562987 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Current 3D culture models to study colorectal cancer lack architectural support and signaling proteins provided by the tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) which may influence cell behavior and cancer progression. Therefore, the ability to study cancer cells in the context of a matrix that is physiologically more relevant and to understand how the ECM affects cancer progression has been understudied. To address this, we developed an ex-vivo 3D system, provided by intact wild type (WT) and colon cancer susceptible decellularized mouse colons (DMC), to support the growth of human cancer cells. DMC are free of viable cells but still contain extracellular matrix proteins including subsets of collagens. Stiffness, an important mechanical property, is also maintained in DMCs. Importantly, we observed that the DMC is permissive for cell proliferation and differentiation of a human colon cancer cell line (HT-29). Notably, the ability of cells in the WT DMC to differentiate was also greater when compared to Matrigel™, an extracellular matrix extract from a mouse tumor cell line. Additionally, we observed in invasion assays that DMC obtained from polyps from a colon cancer susceptible mouse model facilitated increased cell migration/invasion of colorectal cancer cells and immortalized non-tumor colonic epithelial cells compared to DMC from WT mice. Finally, using mass spectrometry, we identified extracellular matrix proteins that are more abundant in DMC from a colorectal cancer mouse model compared to age and sex-matched WT mice. We propose that these abundantly expressed proteins in the tumor microenvironment are potentially involved in colorectal cancer progression. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Decellularized matrices, when properly produced, are attractive biomaterials for tissue regeneration and replacement. We show here that the mouse decellularized matrices can also be repurposed to elucidate how the extracellular matrix influences human cell behavior and cancer progression. To do this we produce decellularized matrices, from mice colonic tissue, that have preserved tissue mechanical and structural properties. We demonstrate that the matrix better supports the differentiation of HT-29 cells, a colonic cancer cell line, compared to Matrigel™. Additionally, we show that the extracellular matrix contributes to colon cancer progression via invasion assays using extracellular matrix extracts. Finally, we use mass spectrometry to identify ECM proteins that are more abundant in colonic polyps compared to adjacent tissue regions. This model system may have therapeutic implications for colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busola R Alabi
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9039, United States
| | - Ryan LaRanger
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9039, United States
| | - Jerry W Shay
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9039, United States.
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19
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Díez-Pascual AM, Chen G. Selected Papers from the 1st International Online Conference on Nanomaterials. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9071021. [PMID: 31319500 PMCID: PMC6669614 DOI: 10.3390/nano9071021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Díez-Pascual
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Guanying Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
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