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Czerwonka M, Białek A, Skrajnowska D, Bobrowska-Korczak B. Evaluation and Discrimination of Lipid Components and Iron and Zinc Levels in Chicken and Quail Eggs Available on the Polish Market. Foods 2024; 13:1571. [PMID: 38790871 PMCID: PMC11121015 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
All over the world, birds' eggs are an important and valuable component of the human diet. This study aimed to compare the content of lipid components and their nutritional value as well as iron and zinc levels in chicken and quail eggs commonly available on the market. In egg lipids, unsaturated fatty acids were dominant, especially oleic acid, the content of which was about 40% of the total fatty acids (TFAs). Linoleic acid was the major polyunsaturated fatty acid. Compared to other products of animal origin, eggs were characterized by favorable values of lipid quality indices, especially the index of atherogenicity, thrombogenicity, and the hypocholesterolemic-to-hypercholesterolemic ratio. In the present study, no differences were found in the content of tested nutrients between eggs from different production methods (organic, free-range, barn, cages). Based on linear discriminant analysis, inter-breed differences were noticed. Cluster analysis showed that eggs enriched in n3 PUFAs (according to the producers' declarations) differed from other groups of chicken eggs. However, in eggs from one producer only, the amount of EPA and DHA exceeds 80 mg per 100 g, entitling the use of the nutrition claim on the package. Quail eggs differed from chicken eggs in FA profile and cholesterol and iron levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Czerwonka
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Okopowa 59, 01-043 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Toxicology and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (D.S.); (B.B.-K.)
| | - Agnieszka Białek
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Okopowa 59, 01-043 Warsaw, Poland;
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland
| | - Dorota Skrajnowska
- Department of Toxicology and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (D.S.); (B.B.-K.)
| | - Barbara Bobrowska-Korczak
- Department of Toxicology and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (D.S.); (B.B.-K.)
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James E, Butler T, Nichols S, Goodall S, O’Doherty AF. Provision of dietary education in UK-based cardiac rehabilitation: a cross-sectional survey conducted in conjunction with the British Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:880-893. [PMID: 37869978 PMCID: PMC10864998 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Dietary education is a core component of cardiac rehabilitation (CR). It is unknown how or what dietary education is delivered across the UK. We aimed to characterise practitioners who deliver dietary education in UK CR and determine the format and content of the education sessions. A fifty-four-item survey was approved by the British Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (BACPR) committee and circulated between July and October 2021 via two emails to the BACPR mailing list and on social media. Practitioners providing dietary education within CR programmes were eligible to respond. Survey questions encompassed: practitioner job title and qualifications, resources, and the format, content and individual tailoring of diet education. Forty-nine different centres responded. Nurses (65·1 %) and dietitians (55·3 %) frequently provided dietary education. Practitioners had no nutrition-related qualifications in 46·9 % of services. Most services used credible resources to support their education, and 24·5 % used BACPR core competencies. CR programmes were mostly community based (40·8 %), lasting 8 weeks (range: 2-25) and included two (range: 1-7) diet sessions. Dietary history was assessed at the start (79·6 %) and followed up (83·7 %) by most centres; barriers to completing assessment were insufficient time, staffing or other priorities. Services mainly focused on the Mediterranean diet while topics such as malnutrition and protein intake were lower priority topics. Service improvement should focus on increasing qualifications of practitioners, standardisation of dietary assessment and improvement in protein and malnutrition screening and assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily James
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle-Upon-TyneNE1 8ST, UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and the University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Tom Butler
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
- Cardiorespiratory Research Centre, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Simon Nichols
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedic Practice, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
- Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stuart Goodall
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle-Upon-TyneNE1 8ST, UK
| | - Alasdair F. O’Doherty
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle-Upon-TyneNE1 8ST, UK
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Zhou X, Mott MM, Yiannakou I, Bradlee ML, Singer MR, Moore LL. Eggs and a Fiber-Rich Diet Are Beneficially Associated with Lipid Levels in Framingham Offspring Study Adults. Curr Dev Nutr 2024; 8:102062. [PMID: 38500805 PMCID: PMC10945122 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background For many years, United States' dietary policy recommended limiting egg intake to no more than 3/wk in the belief that restricting dietary cholesterol would lower plasma cholesterol levels and thereby reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. The evidence supporting these recommendations is controversial. Objectives To examine the impact of eggs, a major contributor to dietary cholesterol intake, on lipid levels and to determine whether these egg effects are modified by other healthy dietary factors in adults. Methods Males and females aged 30-64 y with available 3-d diet record data, without cardiovascular disease and not taking lipid- or glucose-lowering medications in the prospective Framingham Offspring cohort were included (n = 1852). Analysis of covariance models were used to compare mean follow-up lipid levels adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and dietary factors. Cox proportional hazard's models were used to estimate risk for elevated lipid levels. Results Consuming ≥5 eggs/wk was not adversely associated with lipid outcomes. Among men, consuming ≥5 (compared with <0.5) eggs/wk was associated with an 8.6 mg/dL lower total cholesterol level and a 5.9 mg/dL lower LDL cholesterol level, as well as lower triglycerides. Overall, higher egg intake combined with higher dietary fiber (compared with lower intakes of both) was associated with the lowest total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol-to-HDL cholesterol ratio. Finally, diets with higher (compared with lower) egg intakes in combination with higher total fish or fiber intakes, respectively, were associated with lower risks of developing elevated (>160 mg/dL) LDL cholesterol levels (hazard ratio: 0.61; 95% confidence interval: 0.44, 0.84; and HR: 0.70; 95% confidence interval: 0.49, 0.98, respectively). Conclusions Higher egg intakes were beneficially associated with serum lipids among healthy adults, particularly those who consumed more fish and dietary fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhou
- Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Melanie M Mott
- Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- DynaMed at Elton Bryson Stephens Company (EBSCO) Information Services, Ipswich, MA, United States
| | - Ioanna Yiannakou
- Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - M Loring Bradlee
- Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Martha R Singer
- Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lynn L Moore
- Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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Vidović N, Knez M, Ranić M, Faid F, Jović D, Glibetic M, Takić M. Comparative assessment of erythrocyte sphingolipid levels as potential cardiovascular health markers in women from Libya and Serbia: a small-scale study. Libyan J Med 2023; 18:2264568. [PMID: 37804002 PMCID: PMC10561568 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2023.2264568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide including Libya, where they account for 43% of all deaths. Sphingolipids are involved in the pathology of numerous diseases including cardiovascular diseases and are proposed as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular health that could be more effective compared to traditional clinical biomarkers. The aim of this study was to determine the sphingolipid content in the erythrocyte membrane of Libyan migrant and Serbian resident women. In addition, to examine if sphingolipid levels could be used as a novel indicator of cardiovascular risk, we evaluated possible correlations with some well-established biomarkers of cardiovascular health.Materials and Methods: A total of 13 Libyan and 15 Serbian healthy women participated in the study. The high-performance version thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) using the image analysis tool JustTLC was applied for quantification of erythrocytes' sphingolipids.Results: Lower mean values of erythrocytes' sphingolipids and cholesterol concentrations were found in the group of Libyan emigrants compared to Serbian resident women. Besides, in this group of apparently healthy women (n = 28), the sphingolipid content of erythrocytes was inversely related to the Omega-3 index (r =-0.492, p = 0.008) and directly linked to vitamin D status (r = 0.433, p = 0.021) and membrane cholesterol levels (r = 0.474, p = 0.011).Conclusion: The erythrocytes' sphingolipid levels should be measured/assessed as an additional biomarker of CV health, by applying a simple and routine method. Still, further investigation in a larger population-specific context is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Vidović
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Knez
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Ranić
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Fathia Faid
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Nursing, Misurata University, Misrata, Libya
| | - Dragana Jović
- Center for Hygiene and Human Ecology, Institute of Public Health of Serbia "Dr Milan Jovanović Batut", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Glibetic
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Takić
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Lee CW, Lee TV, Galvan E, Chen VCW, Bui S, Crouse SF, Fluckey JD, Smith SB, Riechman SE. The Effect of Choline and Resistance Training on Strength and Lean Mass in Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:3874. [PMID: 37764658 PMCID: PMC10534351 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Choline plays many important roles, including the synthesis of acetylcholine, and may affect muscle responses to exercise. We previously observed correlations between low choline intake and reduced gains in strength and lean mass following a 12-week resistance exercise training (RET) program for older adults. To further explore these findings, we conducted a randomized controlled trial. Three groups of 50-to-69-year-old healthy adults underwent a 12-week RET program (3x/week, 3 sets, 8-12 reps, 70% of maximum strength (1RM)) and submitted >48 diet logs (>4x/week for 12 weeks). Participants' diets were supplemented with 0.7 mg/kg lean/d (low, n = 13), 2.8 mg/kg lean/d (med, n = 11), or 7.5 mg/kg lean/d (high, n = 13) of choline from egg yolk and protein powder. The ANCOVA tests showed that low choline intake, compared with med or high choline intakes, resulted in significantly diminished gains in composite strength (leg press + chest press 1RM; low, 19.4 ± 8.2%; med, 46.8 ± 8.9%; high, 47.4 ± 8.1%; p = 0.034) and thigh-muscle quality (leg press 1RM/thigh lean mass; low, 12.3 ± 9.6%; med/high, 46.4 ± 7.0%; p = 0.010) after controlling for lean mass, protein, betaine, and vitamin B12. These data suggest that low choline intake may negatively affect strength gains with RET in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Woock Lee
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Nursing and Counseling, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX 77901, USA;
| | - Teak V. Lee
- Life Sciences Department, Pierce College, Woodland Hills, CA 91367, USA;
| | - Elfego Galvan
- School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, A.T. Still University, Mesa, AZ 85206, USA;
| | - Vincent C. W. Chen
- Department of Integrative Health and Exercise Science, Georgian Court University, Lakewood, NJ 08701, USA;
| | - Steve Bui
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Utah Tech University, St. George, UT 84770, USA;
| | - Stephen F. Crouse
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (S.F.C.); (J.D.F.)
| | - James D. Fluckey
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (S.F.C.); (J.D.F.)
| | - Stephen B. Smith
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Steven E. Riechman
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (S.F.C.); (J.D.F.)
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Andersen CJ, Huang L, Zhai F, Esposito CP, Greco JM, Zhang R, Woodruff R, Sloan A, Van Dyke AR. Consumption of Different Egg-Based Diets Alters Clinical Metabolic and Hematological Parameters in Young, Healthy Men and Women. Nutrients 2023; 15:3747. [PMID: 37686779 PMCID: PMC10490185 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Eggs-particularly egg yolks-are a rich source of bioactive nutrients and dietary compounds that influence metabolic health, lipid metabolism, immune function, and hematopoiesis. We investigated the effects of consuming an egg-free diet, three egg whites per day, and three whole eggs per day for 4 weeks on comprehensive clinical metabolic, immune, and hematologic profiles in young, healthy adults (18-35 y, BMI < 30 kg/m2 or <30% body fat for men and <40% body fat for women, n = 26) in a 16-week randomized, crossover intervention trial. We observed that average daily macro- and micronutrient intake significantly differed across egg diet periods, including greater intake of choline during the whole egg diet period, which corresponded to increased serum choline and betaine without altering trimethylamine N-oxide. Egg white and whole egg intake increased serum isoleucine while whole egg intake reduced serum glycine-markers of increased and decreased risk of insulin resistance, respectively-without altering other markers of glucose sensitivity or inflammation. Whole egg intake increased a subset of large HDL particles (H6P, 10.8 nm) and decreased the total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio and % monocytes in female participants using combined oral contraceptive (COC) medication (n = 11) as compared to female non-users (n = 10). Whole egg intake further increased blood hematocrit whereas egg white and whole egg intake reduced blood platelet counts. Changes in clinical immune cell counts between egg white and whole egg diet periods were negatively correlated with several HDL parameters yet positively correlated with measures of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and insulin sensitivity. Overall, the intake of whole eggs led to greater overall improvements in micronutrient diet quality, choline status, and HDL and hematologic profiles while minimally-yet potentially less adversely-affecting markers of insulin resistance as compared to egg whites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J. Andersen
- Department of Biology, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT 06824, USA; (J.M.G.); (A.S.)
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (L.H.); (F.Z.); (R.Z.); (R.W.)
| | - Lindsey Huang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (L.H.); (F.Z.); (R.Z.); (R.W.)
| | - Fangyi Zhai
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (L.H.); (F.Z.); (R.Z.); (R.W.)
| | - Christa Palancia Esposito
- Marion Peckham Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT 06824, USA;
| | - Julia M. Greco
- Department of Biology, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT 06824, USA; (J.M.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (L.H.); (F.Z.); (R.Z.); (R.W.)
| | - Rachael Woodruff
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (L.H.); (F.Z.); (R.Z.); (R.W.)
| | - Allison Sloan
- Department of Biology, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT 06824, USA; (J.M.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Aaron R. Van Dyke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT 06824, USA;
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Xu S, Fan Y, Tan Y, Zhang L, Li X. Association between blood lipid levels and risk of gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288111. [PMID: 37418353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between blood lipid levels and the risk of gastric cancer (GC) is well known. Therefore, to clarify this association, all relevant prospective cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis. METHODS Our study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022354899) prior to its commencement. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. Chinese databases (CNKI, CBM, Wanfang, and VIP) and English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) were systematically searched up to October 2022. This study included all relevant cohort studies that reported hazard ratios (HRs) or relative risks (RRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to examine the association between various lipid profiles (e.g., total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and the risk of developing gastric cancer (GC). Fixed effects or random effects models were used based on the level of heterogeneity among the studies, and these models were employed to obtain pooled hazard ratios. Additionally, sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis were conducted to ensure the robustness and reliability of the findings. RESULTS After conducting a systematic search, a total of 10 studies were selected out of 10,525 papers involving a total of 5,564,520 individuals. Among these individuals, there were 41,408 GC cases. The analysis revealed that the highest versus lowest serum total cholesterol (TC) concentration was associated with a pooled hazard ratio of 0.89 (95% CI = 0.87-0.92, I2 = 15%). For triglycerides (TGs), the hazard ratio was 1.00 (95% CI = 0.96-1.04, I2 = 37%), while for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), the hazard ratio was 0.90 (95% CI = 0.86-0.93, I2 = 0%). The hazard ratio for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 0.96 (95% CI = 0.91-1.00, I2 = 0%). CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of this meta-analysis, it was found that serum TC and HDL-C levels were inversely correlated with the risk of GC. No association was observed between serum TG levels and the risk of GC. Similarly, no association was found between serum LDL-C levels and the risk of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicong Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuyue Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xianrong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Koeder C, Alzughayyar D, Anand C, Kranz R, Husain S, Schoch N, Hahn A, Englert H. The healthful plant-based diet index as a tool for obesity prevention-The healthy lifestyle community program cohort 3 study. Obes Sci Pract 2023; 9:296-304. [PMID: 37287519 PMCID: PMC10242251 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND World-wide the prevalence of obesity is high, and promoting a shift toward more healthful and more plant-based dietary patterns appears to be one promising strategy to address this issue. A dietary score to assess adherence to a healthy plant-based diet is the healthful plant-based diet index. While there is evidence from cohort studies that an increased healthful plant-based diet index is associated with improved risk markers, evidence from intervention studies is still lacking. METHODS A lifestyle intervention was conducted with mostly middle-aged and elderly participants from the general population (n = 115). The intervention consisted of a 16-month lifestyle program focusing on a healthy plant-based diet, physical activity, stress management, and community support. RESULTS After 10 weeks, significant improvements were seen in dietary quality, body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, total cholesterol, measured and calculated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, oxidized LDL particles, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, remnant cholesterol, glucose, insulin, blood pressure, and pulse pressure. After 16 months, significant decreases were seen in body weight (-1.8 kg), body mass index (-0.6 kg/m2), and measured LDL cholesterol (-12 mg/dl). Increases in the healthful plant-based diet index were associated with risk marker improvements. CONCLUSIONS The recommendation of moving toward a plant-based diet appears acceptable and actionable and may improve body weight. The healthful plant-based diet index can be a useful parameter for intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Koeder
- Institute of Food Science and Human NutritionLeibniz University HannoverHannoverGermany
- Department of NutritionUniversity of Applied Sciences MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Dima Alzughayyar
- Department of NutritionUniversity of Applied Sciences MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Corinna Anand
- Department of NutritionUniversity of Applied Sciences MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Ragna‐Marie Kranz
- Department of NutritionUniversity of Applied Sciences MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Sarah Husain
- Department of NutritionUniversity of Applied Sciences MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Nora Schoch
- Department of NutritionUniversity of Applied Sciences MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Institute of Food Science and Human NutritionLeibniz University HannoverHannoverGermany
| | - Heike Englert
- Department of NutritionUniversity of Applied Sciences MünsterMünsterGermany
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Pascual V, Díaz JL, Millán Nuñez-Cortés J, Pérez-Martínez P. Nutritional recommendations in the prevention and treatment of atherogenic dyslipidemia. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2023; 35:155-163. [PMID: 36400610 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of a healthy diet, regular physical exercise and smoking cessation are the initial measures to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia. In these patients, the nutritional quality of their diet should be improved, replacing foods with a greater atherogenic effect for others with a healthier effect. There is strong evidence that plant-based dietary patterns, low in saturated fatty acids, cholesterol and sodium, with a high content of fiber, potassium and unsaturated fatty acids, are beneficial and reduce the expression of cardiovascular risk factors. This document focuses on the role of nutrition in the prevention and treatment of atherogenic dyslipidemia, providing current evidence to serve as a tool for health professionals in its clinical management. To facilitate the reading of these recommendations, they are presented in a user-friendly table format, with a hierarchy of different levels of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Pascual
- Centro de Salud Palleter, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Castellón, España; Grupo de Trabajo Dislipemia Aterogénica, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España; Grupo de Trabajo Nutrición y Estilo de Vida, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España
| | - José Luis Díaz
- Grupo de Trabajo Dislipemia Aterogénica, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España; Unidad de Lípidos y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario A Coruña, A Coruña, España
| | - Jesús Millán Nuñez-Cortés
- Grupo de Trabajo Dislipemia Aterogénica, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España; Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, España
| | - Pablo Pérez-Martínez
- Grupo de Trabajo Dislipemia Aterogénica, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España; Grupo de Trabajo Nutrición y Estilo de Vida, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España; Unidad de Lípidos y Arterioesclerosis, Universidad de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, España; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España.
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Zakaria AM, Elmeligy E, Abdulkarim A, Mohammed HH, Khalphallah A, Ali MA, Khalifa MI. Monitoring antimicrobial residues in table eggs in Aswan governorate markets and their impact on egg quality and public health. Open Vet J 2023; 13:523-531. [PMID: 37304600 PMCID: PMC10257451 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2023.v13.i5.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Organic egg is among the most common organic foods offered for sale in Egyptian markets in recent years, and consumers buy them at a higher price because they believe organic eggs are safer and have superior nutritional value than conventional eggs. Aim The present work aimed to monitor antimicrobial residues in brown table eggs, whether conventional or organic type, in Aswan governorate markets and assessed their physical and chemical quality and their public health hazards. Methods Brown table egg samples (n = 400 total) were randomly selected in the present study, in which they represented two equal groups (n = 200 each) including conventional eggs and organic eggs. Eggs were collected from different retail stores in the Aswan governorate, Egypt. Egg samples were subjected to thorough physical and chemical quality evaluation as well as an assessment of antimicrobial residues. Results The results reported that organic eggs were cleaner and had a better odor, less blood, and meat spots, but smaller with more shell cracks than conventional eggs. Chemical analysis of some nutrient contents in the egg yolk revealed significantly higher nutritive values of organic eggs than that of conventional ones as the organic eggs contain significantly higher levels of vitamin A and vitamin D/D3 and significantly lower values of cholesterol, calcium, magnesium, and zinc than those in conventional eggs. Disc diffusion assay has been used for monitoring antimicrobial residues in egg samples. The results have shown that all examined organic eggs were free from antimicrobial residues, while 12% and 8% of conventional egg yolk and white were positive for antimicrobial residues, respectively. Conclusion The study concludes the higher nutritive value of organic eggs compared with the conventional type because of their significantly higher contents of vitamins A and D and their significantly lower contents of cholesterol. Moreover, organic eggs were free from antimicrobial residues which maximizes their public health benefits..
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Affiliation(s)
- Asem M. Zakaria
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Enas Elmeligy
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Haitham H. Mohammed
- Department of Rangeland, Wildlife and Fisheries Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Arafat Khalphallah
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Abdelhadi Ali
- Department of Forensic medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Marwa I. Khalifa
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
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11
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Porter M, Wellons M. The Impact of Dietary Cholesterol on Low-Density Lipoprotein: Lessons in Absorption and Overconsumption. JCEM CASE REPORTS 2023; 1:luad013. [PMID: 37908457 PMCID: PMC10580481 DOI: 10.1210/jcemcr/luad013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
This case describes a 58-year-old woman with past medical history of ulcerative colitis, hyperlipidemia, and radiological evidence of atherosclerosis without prior cardiovascular disease who presented for management of hyperlipidemia. At baseline, her lipid panel in 2015 noted a calculated low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) of 125 mg/dL (3.2 mmol/L). Over the course of the next 5 years, she developed severe LDL elevations to >400 mg/dL (>10.3 mmol/L) following the addition of 1600 mg dietary cholesterol daily achieved through 9 eggs. Following cessation of this intake she had dramatic improvements in LDL, which was later further augmented significantly by initiation of ezetimibe. The impact of dietary cholesterol on lipid profiles has long been an area of controversy, and, for the average American, current guidelines do not recommend egg restriction as an effective tool for LDL lowering. However, as highlighted in this case, certain individuals may be more prone to high LDL when consuming high cholesterol diets. Further study on how to better identify these susceptible individuals could help improve nutritional and medication treatment plans for patients with dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Porter
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Melissa Wellons
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
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12
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Zhang F, Li J, Chang C, Gu L, Xiong W, Su Y, Yang Y. The Association of Dietary Cholesterol from Egg Consumption on Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Varies from Person to Person. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14977-14988. [PMID: 36416372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The public and scientists remain skeptical about egg consumption, given that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death in worldwide. This review mainly explained the recurrence of contradictory conclusions about relationships between egg consumption and CVD risk and discussed effects of egg cholesterol intake on cholesterol homeostasis. Factors including individual health status and cholesterol sensitivity, dietary pattern, region, and race should be distinguished when understanding generalized conclusions. Identified compensatory mechanisms in response to dietary cholesterol and the resulting balance in cholesterol biosynthesis, absorption, and efflux supported the view that moderate egg consumption had no substantial overall impacts on cholesterol homeostasis in healthy people. Excessive cholesterol intake is not recommended in individuals with distempered metabolism. More than cholesterol metabolism, impacts of egg consumption as a part of overall diet on CVD risk should be considered from aspects of nutrient intake, lipid metabolism, and energy supply in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Junhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Cuihua Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Luping Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Wen Xiong
- Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center for Food Flavors and Flavorings, Jinshi, Hunan 415400, PR China
| | - Yujie Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
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13
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Donini LM, Penzavecchia C, Muzzioli L, Poggiogalle E, Giusti AM, Lenzi A, Pinto A. Efficacy of front-of-pack nutrition labels in improving health status. Nutrition 2022; 102:111770. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Identification of different lipoprotein response types in people following a Mediterranean diet pattern with and without whole eggs. Nutr Res 2022; 105:82-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Pan L, Chen L, Lv J, Pang Y, Guo Y, Pei P, Du H, Yang L, Millwood IY, Walters RG, Chen Y, Gong W, Chen J, Yu C, Chen Z, Li L. Association of egg consumption, metabolic markers, and risk of cardiovascular diseases: A nested case-control study. eLife 2022; 11:72909. [PMID: 35607895 PMCID: PMC9129873 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have assessed the role of individual plasma cholesterol levels in the association between egg consumption and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This research aims to simultaneously explore the associations of self-reported egg consumption with plasma metabolic markers and these markers with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods Totally 4778 participants (3401 CVD cases subdivided into subtypes and 1377 controls) aged 30-79 were selected based on the China Kadoorie Biobank. Targeted nuclear magnetic resonance was used to quantify 225 metabolites in baseline plasma samples. Linear regression was conducted to assess associations between self-reported egg consumption and metabolic markers, which were further compared with associations between metabolic markers and CVD risk. Results Egg consumption was associated with 24 out of 225 markers, including positive associations for apolipoprotein A1, acetate, mean HDL diameter, and lipid profiles of very large and large HDL, and inverse associations for total cholesterol and cholesterol esters in small VLDL. Among these 24 markers, 14 were associated with CVD risk. In general, the associations of egg consumption with metabolic markers and of these markers with CVD risk showed opposite patterns. Conclusions In the Chinese population, egg consumption is associated with several metabolic markers, which may partially explain the protective effect of moderate egg consumption on CVD. Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81973125, 81941018, 91846303, 91843302). The CKB baseline survey and the first re-survey were supported by a grant from the Kadoorie Charitable Foundation in Hong Kong. The long-term follow-up is supported by grants (2016YFC0900500, 2016YFC0900501, 2016YFC0900504, 2016YFC1303904) from the National Key R&D Program of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China (81390540, 81390541, 81390544), and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (2011BAI09B01). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis and interpretation, writing of the report, or the decision to submit the article for publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & ResponseBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of EducationBeijingChina
| | - Yuanjie Pang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yu Guo
- Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Pei Pei
- Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Huaidong Du
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Ling Yang
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Robin G Walters
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Yiping Chen
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Weiwei Gong
- NCDs Prevention and Control Department, Zhejiang CDCHangzhouChina
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentBeijingChina
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & ResponseBeijingChina
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & ResponseBeijingChina
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16
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Quintão ECR. Does eating eggs matter? ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2022; 66:152-156. [PMID: 35420270 PMCID: PMC9832897 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Dietary cholesterol is absorbed in proportion to the amount ingested, blocking its hepatic synthesis, increasing its biliary excretion, only slightly increasing production of bile acids while potentially raising the serum concentration of the atherogenic low-density lipoprotein. Humans lie midway between rats and rabbits that respond to dietary cholesterol, respectively, with high and low capacity to produce bile acids, and low or high capacity to raise blood cholesterol. There are regular studies exonerating as well as blaming dietary cholesterol as a cardiovascular risk factor, particularly in genetic hypercholesterolemic individuals. We then resorted at reviewing all meta-analyses on the subject but failed to reach at a clear conclusion useful in medical practice. Nevertheless, ingestion of the same amount of cholesterol results in wide variation in the amounts absorbed and in plasma lipoprotein profiles depending on poorly understood genetic factors. Several genetic conditions are capable of interfering with the absorption and synthesis of cholesterol. Hyperabsorption of dietary cholesterol elicits the accumulation of cholesterol in the liver and in plasma. In this regard, most cases of familial hypercholesterolemia that have a case of intestinal hyperabsorption of cholesterol also demonstrate the same defect. A practical useful suggestion is to measure for a few weeks the total serum cholesterol and its fractions at least three times before and during the intake of eggs that the candidate wishes to maintain in his usual dietary practice as an efficient procedure to identify those who respond with undesirable increases in serum cholesterol.
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17
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Ataie Z, Fatehi-Hassanabad Z, Nakhaee S, Foadoddini M, Farrokhfall K. Sex-specific endothelial dysfunction induced by high-cholesterol diet in rats: The role of protein tyrosine kinase and nitric oxide. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:745-754. [PMID: 35144857 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherosclerosis is a chronic process playing a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Sex-specific differences in the incidence of atherosclerosis indicate that estrogen has a protective effect on the cardiovascular disease. However, the role of sex on endothelium responses in animal models of high cholesterol (HC) diet-induced atherosclerosis has not been fully investigated. This study was aimed to investigate vascular responses in HC-fed rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Male and female Sprague rats (12-week-old) were treated with either a standard diet (n = 12 of each sex) or an HC enriched diet (n = 12 of each sex) containing 2% cholesterol for 24 weeks. HC treated animals (both sexes) showed increased levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and blood pressure (BP) compared to control rats. While the BP of control rats (both sexes) was increased following aminoguanidine administration (AG, 100 mg/kg i.p.), it was not changed in HC animals (both sexes). The hypotensive effect of acetylcholine was significantly impaired in male HC-treated rats. In vitro experiments demonstrated that aortic rings from HC group (both sexes) had an increased contractile response to phenylephrine and a decreased vasodilatory response to acetylcholine. The vasorelaxant effect of acetylcholine in HC rats (only male) was improved by applying 10-5 M genistein (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) or AG. CONCLUSION HC diet alters endothelium function through Nitric oxide (NO) and tyrosine kinase pathways in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zomorrod Ataie
- Health Clinical Science Research Center, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Zahedan, Iran
| | | | - Samaneh Nakhaee
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohsen Foadoddini
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Farrokhfall
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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18
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Duan X, Yu L, Luo Q, Han R. Analysis of amino acid in albumen and circular RNAs in ovaries of laying hens by chromatographic analysis and RNA-seq. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2021.2023022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Duan
- Office of Academic Affairs, Hebei North University, Zhang Jiakou, China
| | - Liu Yu
- Department of Laboratory Animal Center, Hebei North University, Zhang Jiakou, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Life Science Research Center, Hebei North University, Zhang Jiakou, China
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Laboratory Animal Center, Hebei North University, Zhang Jiakou, China
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19
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ZHANG R, LI X, FAN C, NING Z. Effects of lipoproteins on yolk microstructure in duck, quail, goose, pigeon, and chicken eggs. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Nutrition Literacy and Healthy Diet: Findings from the Validation of a Short Seniors-Oriented Screening Tool, the Spanish Myths-NL. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212107. [PMID: 34831865 PMCID: PMC8624156 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A good level of nutrition literacy (NL) is proposed as a determinant factor for following a healthy diet. Improving seniors’ NL might be particularly pertinent to enhance the quality of their diets. This study aimed to systematically design and validate a short seniors-oriented questionnaire as a screening tool to evaluate NL. We developed the Myths-NL questionnaire, composed of 10 widespread nutrition myths, and checked for its content and face validity. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the validity and the test–retest reliability, involving a community-dwelling group of 316 individuals aged 65 years and over. Construct validity was proved by establishing both discriminant and convergent validity. Cronbach α = 0.61 and Spearman r = 0.79 (p = 0.02) demonstrated internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Participants who had secondary/university studies scored significantly higher compared with those with primary (p < 0.001), and a significant linear relationship (R2 = 0.044, p = 0.001) with a positive slope (β = 0.209) between Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and Myths-NL scores was observed, proving construct validity. In conclusion, the Myths-NL questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool to screen NL in Spanish seniors and it might be useful as an assessment NL tool for designing and implementing lifestyle interventions to promote healthy eating.
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21
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Helgeson VS, Naqvi JB, Korytkowski MT, Gary-Webb TL. A Closer Look at Racial Differences in Diabetes Outcomes Among a Community Sample: Diabetes Distress, Self-care, and HbA 1c. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:2487-2492. [PMID: 34475029 PMCID: PMC8546284 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-0734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Approximately 34 million people in the U.S. have diabetes. With this illness come substantial changes to psychological and physical health. However, type 2 diabetes disproportionately affects non-Hispanic Black compared with non-Hispanic White populations. The purpose of this study was to examine racial differences in psychological, behavioral, and physical health over time among individuals recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data were collected from a community sample of 193 adults recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (44% female; 45% Black). Measures of distress, self-care behaviors, and HbA1c were taken at an initial interview (time 1) and 6 months later (time 2). Individuals wore an Actical accelerometer to assess physical activity and participated in three 24-h dietary recall interviews to assess dietary intake within 2 weeks of the initial interview. RESULTS From time 1 to time 2, Black women showed the highest increase in depressive symptoms. There was a greater increase in regimen and physician distress among White compared with Black participants. White men and Black women reported a decline in medication adherence over time. There were no racial differences in changes in physical activity across 6 months. However, Black individuals had higher overall calorie consumption with greater protein, saturated fat, and cholesterol intake than White individuals. There were no race or sex differences in changes in glycemic stability. CONCLUSIONS Initial adjustment to a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes differentially influences Black and White men and women in terms of depressive symptoms, diabetes distress, and self-care.
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22
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Izar MCDO, Giraldez VZR, Bertolami A, Santos Filho RDD, Lottenberg AM, Assad MHV, Saraiva JFK, Chacra APM, Martinez TLR, Bahia LR, Fonseca FAH, Faludi AA, Sposito AC, Chagas ACP, Jannes CE, Amaral CK, Araújo DBD, Cintra DE, Coutinho EDR, Cesena F, Xavier HT, Mota ICP, Giuliano IDCB, Faria Neto JR, Kato JT, Bertolami MC, Miname MH, Castelo MHCG, Lavrador MSF, Machado RM, Souza PGD, Alves RJ, Machado VA, Salgado Filho W. Update of the Brazilian Guideline for Familial Hypercholesterolemia - 2021. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 117:782-844. [PMID: 34709306 PMCID: PMC8528358 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Viviane Zorzanelli Rocha Giraldez
- Instituto do Coração (InCor) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Grupo Fleury, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | - Ana Maria Lottenberg
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE) - Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein (FICSAE), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Laboratório de Lípides (LIM10), São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | - Ana Paula M Chacra
- Instituto do Coração (InCor) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrei C Sposito
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Cinthia Elim Jannes
- Instituto do Coração (InCor) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Fernando Cesena
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marcio Hiroshi Miname
- Instituto do Coração (InCor) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Maria Helane Costa Gurgel Castelo
- Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE - Brasil
- Hospital do Coração de Messejana, Fortaleza, CE - Brasil
- Professora da Faculdade Unichristus, Fortaleza, CE - Brasil
| | - Maria Sílvia Ferrari Lavrador
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE) - Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein (FICSAE), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Roberta Marcondes Machado
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Laboratório de Lípides (LIM10), São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Patrícia Guedes de Souza
- Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA - Brasil
| | | | | | - Wilson Salgado Filho
- Instituto do Coração (InCor) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brasil
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Sanlier N, Üstün D. Egg consumption and health effects: A narrative review. J Food Sci 2021; 86:4250-4261. [PMID: 34472102 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was planned and conducted to investigate the effects of egg consumption on metabolic syndrome components and potential mechanisms of action on humans. Egg, an important source of animal protein, is defined as a functional food containing various bioactive compounds that can affect the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways. As a matter of fact, the egg can show immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, or antihypertensive effects with its bioactive components. It is claimed that egg consumption may protect individuals against metabolic syndrome by increasing HDL-C levels and reducing inflammation. The increase in egg consumption creates the perception that it may lead to cardiovascular diseases due to its cholesterol content. However, there is insufficient evidence as to whether dietary cholesterol-lowers LDL-C. The possible potential mechanisms of egg impact on human health, MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central, www.ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and selected websites including) and databases were examined in this regard. With a view to delving into the rather mysterious relationship between egg cholesterol and blood cholesterol, it is necessary to understand the absorption of cholesterol from the egg and to know the functioning of the intestinal microbiota. Studies conducted to date have generally yielded inconsistent results regarding egg consumption and risks of CVD, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Sanlier
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilara Üstün
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
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24
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Papotti B, Escolà-Gil JC, Julve J, Potì F, Zanotti I. Impact of Dietary Lipids on the Reverse Cholesterol Transport: What We Learned from Animal Studies. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082643. [PMID: 34444804 PMCID: PMC8401548 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is a physiological mechanism protecting cells from an excessive accumulation of cholesterol. When this process begins in vascular macrophages, it acquires antiatherogenic properties, as has been widely demonstrated in animal models. Dietary lipids, despite representing a fundamental source of energy and exerting multiple biological functions, may induce detrimental effects on cardiovascular health. In the present review we summarize the current knowledge on the mechanisms of action of the most relevant classes of dietary lipids, such as fatty acids, sterols and liposoluble vitamins, with effects on different steps of RCT. We also provide a critical analysis of data obtained from experimental models which can serve as a valuable tool to clarify the effects of dietary lipids on cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Papotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy;
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau & Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica (IIB) Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.E.-G.); (J.J.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau & Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica (IIB) Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.E.-G.); (J.J.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesco Potì
- Unità di Neuroscienze, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Via Volturno 39/F, 43125 Parma, Italy;
| | - Ilaria Zanotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0521905040
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Executive summary: Updates to the dietary treatment of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2021; 68:277-287. [PMID: 34266640 DOI: 10.1016/j.endien.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Adequate lifestyle changes significantly reduce the cardiovascular risk factors associated with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, healthy eating habits, regular physical activity, abstaining from using tobacco, and good sleep hygiene are recommended for managing these conditions. There is solid evidence that diets that are plant-based; low in saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and sodium; and high in fiber, potassium, and unsaturated fatty acids are beneficial and reduce the expression of cardiovascular risk factors in these subjects. In view of the foregoing, the Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet, a low-carbohydrate diet, and a vegan-vegetarian diet are of note. Additionally, the relationship between nutrition and these metabolic pathologies is fundamental in targeting efforts to prevent weight gain, reducing excess weight in the case of individuals with overweight or obesity, and personalizing treatment to promote patient empowerment. This document is the executive summary of an updated review that includes the main recommendations for improving dietary nutritional quality in people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus. The full review is available on the webpages of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis, the Spanish Diabetes Society, and the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine.
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26
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A new electrochemical modified graphite pencil electrode developed for cholesterol assessing. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-021-02296-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Brahmi N, Hamed H, Kallel C, Elleuch A, Ayadi FM, Allagui MS. Modulatory Effect of Chaetomorpha gracilis on Erythrocytes Functions and Metabolic Disorders in Mice Fed a High-cholesterol Diet. J Oleo Sci 2021; 70:837-848. [PMID: 34078760 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was carried out to estimate the protective effect of methanolic extract of Chaetomorpha gracilis (MECG) against High Cholesterol Diet (HCD) induced erythrocyte damage in mice. The results of the in vitro assay showed that MECG have higher antioxidant capacities in the DPPH, TAC, ABTS, NBT, NO. inhibition assays. The HPLC analysis confirmed that this potential antioxidant seems to be due to the active compounds, in particular polyphenols, flavonoids. HCD promoted oxidative stress with a rise the level of malonaldehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) levels and a significant decrease of the Vitamin C content, as well the antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. In addition, HCD treatment caused significant lipid profile disorders via increase the cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL levels and reduction HDL-Ch level. A statistically significant decrease of Mg2+ and Ca2+ ATPase activities accompanied with a severe damage in the erythrocytes structure and hematological parameters alterations were also noted in hypercholesterolemic mice. Pre-treatment with MECG significantly restored biochemical markers and pathological lesions. It can be suggest that supplementation of MECG displays high potential to quench free radicals and attenuates high cholesterol diet induced erythrocytes oxidative stress and related damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Brahmi
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax
| | - Houda Hamed
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax
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Pascual Fuster V, Pérez Pérez A, Carretero Gómez J, Caixàs Pedragós A, Gómez-Huelgas R, Pérez-Martínez P. Executive summary: Updates to the dietary treatment of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Rev Clin Esp 2021; 221:169-179. [PMID: 38108503 DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Adequate lifestyle changes significantly reduce the cardiovascular risk factors associated with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, healthy eating habits, regular physical activity, abstaining from using tobacco, and good sleep hygiene are recommended for managing these conditions. There is solid evidence that diets that are plant-based; low in saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and sodium; and high in fiber, potassium, and unsaturated fatty acids are beneficial and reduce the expression of cardiovascular risk factors in these subjects. In view of the foregoing, the Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet, a low-carbohydrate diet, and a vegan-vegetarian diet are of note. Additionally, the relationship between nutrition and these metabolic pathologies is fundamental in targeting efforts to prevent weight gain, reducing excess weight in the case of individuals with overweight or obesity, and personalizing treatment to promote patient empowerment. This document is the executive summary of an updated review that includes the main recommendations for improving dietary nutritional quality in people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus. The full review is available on the webpages of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis, the Spanish Diabetes Society, and the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pascual Fuster
- Centro de Salud Palleter, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Castellón, Grupo de Trabajo Nutrición y Estilo de Vida, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España
| | - A Pérez Pérez
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Sociedad Española de Diabetes (SED), España
| | - J Carretero Gómez
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Comarcal de Zafra, Grupo de Diabetes, Obesidad y Nutrición, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), Zafra, Badajoz, España
| | - A Caixàs Pedragós
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Departament de Medicina, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Barcelona, Sociedad Española de Diabetes (SED), España
| | - R Gómez-Huelgas
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Grupo de Diabetes, Obesidad y Nutrición, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), España
| | - P Pérez-Martínez
- Unidad de Lípidos y Arterioesclerosis, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Grupo de Trabajo Nutrición y Estilo de Vida, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), Grupo de Diabetes, Obesidad y Nutrición, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), Grupo de Educación para la Salud, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), España.
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Sugano M, Matsuoka R. Nutritional Viewpoints on Eggs and Cholesterol. Foods 2021; 10:494. [PMID: 33669005 PMCID: PMC7996514 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although most current epidemiologic studies indicate no significant association between consuming one egg daily and blood cholesterol levels and cardiovascular risk, arguments still persist with a positive association. Since the diet is one of the most influential factors for this association, we illustrate characteristic features in Japanese people whose dietary pattern is distinct from that, for example, the US (United States) population. Available epidemiologic studies in healthy Japanese people show no association between consumption of one egg daily and blood cholesterol level, consistent with those observed in the US population. However, when consumption of major nutrients and food sources of cholesterol are compared to the US population, Japanese people may have an extra-reserve against the influence of eggs on cardiovascular risk markers, despite consuming relatively more eggs. Further discussion on the influence of nutrients contained in the egg and dietary pattern, including interaction with gut microbes, is necessary. In addition, special consideration at the personalized level is needed for judgment regarding dietary cholesterol not only for hypercholesterolemic patients but for hyper-responsive healthy persons. Although randomized controlled trials with long-term follow-up are required to evaluate the association between consumption of eggs and human health, available information, at least from the nutritional viewpoint, suggests that egg is a healthy and cost-efficient food worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihiro Sugano
- Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
- Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan
- Japan Egg Science Society, Tokyo 182-0002, Japan
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Pascual Fuster V, Pérez Pérez A, Carretero Gómez J, Caixàs Pedragós A, Gómez-Huelgas R, Pérez-Martínez P. Executive summary: Updates to the dietary treatment of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2021; 33:73-84. [PMID: 33612315 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Adequate lifestyle changes significantly reduce the cardiovascular risk factors associated with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, healthy eating habits, regular physical activity, abstaining from using tobacco, and good sleep hygiene are recommended for managing these conditions. There is solid evidence that diets that are plant-based; low in saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and sodium; and high in fiber, potassium, and unsaturated fatty acids are beneficial and reduce the expression of cardiovascular risk factors in these subjects. In view of the foregoing, the Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet, a low-carbohydrate diet, and a vegan-vegetarian diet are of note. Additionally, the relationship between nutrition and these metabolic pathologies is fundamental in targeting efforts to prevent weight gain, reducing excess weight in the case of individuals with overweight or obesity, and personalizing treatment to promote patient empowerment. This document is the executive summary of an updated review that includes the main recommendations for improving dietary nutritional quality in people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus. The full review is available on the webpages of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis, the Spanish Diabetes Society, and the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pascual Fuster
- Centro de Salud Palleter, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Castellón, Grupo de Trabajo Nutrición y Estilo de Vida, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España
| | - A Pérez Pérez
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Sociedad Española de Diabetes (SED), España
| | - J Carretero Gómez
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Comarcal de Zafra, Grupo de Diabetes, Obesidad y Nutrición, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), Zafra, Badajoz, España
| | - A Caixàs Pedragós
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Departament de Medicina, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Barcelona, Sociedad Española de Diabetes (SED), España
| | - R Gómez-Huelgas
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Grupo de Diabetes, Obesidad y Nutrición, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), España
| | - P Pérez-Martínez
- Unidad de Lípidos y Arterioesclerosis, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Grupo de Trabajo Nutrición y Estilo de Vida, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), Grupo de Diabetes, Obesidad y Nutrición, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), Grupo de Educación para la Salud, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), España.
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Pascual Fuster V, Pérez Pérez A, Carretero Gómez J, Caixàs Pedragós A, Gómez-Huelgas R, Pérez-Martínez P. Executive summary: Updates to the dietary treatment of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 68:277-287. [PMID: 33593709 DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Adequate lifestyle changes significantly reduce the cardiovascular risk factors associated with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, healthy eating habits, regular physical activity, abstaining from using tobacco, and good sleep hygiene are recommended for managing these conditions. There is solid evidence that diets that are plant-based; low in saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and sodium; and high in fiber, potassium, and unsaturated fatty acids are beneficial and reduce the expression of cardiovascular risk factors in these subjects. In view of the foregoing, the Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet, a low-carbohydrate diet, and a vegan-vegetarian diet are of note. Additionally, the relationship between nutrition and these metabolic pathologies is fundamental in targeting efforts to prevent weight gain, reducing excess weight in the case of individuals with overweight or obesity, and personalizing treatment to promote patient empowerment. This document is the executive summary of an updated review that includes the main recommendations for improving dietary nutritional quality in people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus. The full review is available on the webpages of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis, the Spanish Diabetes Society, and the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Pascual Fuster
- Centro de Salud Palleter, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Castellón, Grupo de Trabajo Nutrición y Estilo de Vida, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España
| | - Antonio Pérez Pérez
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Sociedad Española de Diabetes (SED), España
| | - Juana Carretero Gómez
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Comarcal de Zafra, Grupo de Diabetes, Obesidad y Nutrición, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), Zafra, Badajoz, España
| | - Assumpta Caixàs Pedragós
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Departament de Medicina, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Barcelona, Sociedad Española de Diabetes (SED), España
| | - Ricardo Gómez-Huelgas
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Grupo de Diabetes, Obesidad y Nutrición, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), España
| | - Pablo Pérez-Martínez
- Unidad de Lípidos y Arterioesclerosis, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Grupo de Trabajo Nutrición y Estilo de Vida, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), Grupo de Diabetes, Obesidad y Nutrición, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), Grupo de Educación para la Salud, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), España.
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A Three-Month Consumption of Eggs Enriched with ω-3, ω-5 and ω-7 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Significantly Decreases the Waist Circumference of Subjects at Risk of Developing Metabolic Syndrome: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020663. [PMID: 33670720 PMCID: PMC7923083 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), rumenic acid (RmA), and punicic acid (PunA) are claimed to influence several physiological functions including insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism and inflammatory processes. In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, we investigated the combined effect of ALA, DHA, RmA and PunA on subjects at risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Twenty-four women and men were randomly assigned to two groups. Each day, they consumed two eggs enriched with oleic acid (control group) or enriched with ALA, DHA, RmA, and PunA (test group) for 3 months. The waist circumference decreased significantly (−3.17 cm; p < 0.001) in the test group. There were no major changes in plasma insulin and blood glucose in the two groups. The dietary treatments had no significant effect on endothelial function as measured by peripheral arterial tonometry, although erythrocyte nitrosylated hemoglobin concentrations tended to decrease. The high consumption of eggs induced significant elevations in plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (p < 0.001), which did not result in any change in the LDL/HDL ratio in both groups. These results indicate that consumption of eggs enriched with ALA, DHA, RmA and PunA resulted in favorable changes in abdominal obesity without affecting other factors of the metabolic syndrome.
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Pascual Fuster V, Pérez Pérez A, Carretero Gómez J, Caixàs Pedragós A, Gómez-Huelgas R, Pérez-Martínez P. Executive summary: Updates to the dietary treatment of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Rev Clin Esp 2021; 221:169-179. [PMID: 33998467 DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Adequate lifestyle changes significantly reduce the cardiovascular risk factors associated with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, healthy eating habits, regular physical activity, abstaining from using tobacco, and good sleep hygiene are recommended for managing these conditions. There is solid evidence that diets that are plant-based; low in saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and sodium; and high in fiber, potassium, and unsaturated fatty acids are beneficial and reduce the expression of cardiovascular risk factors in these subjects. In view of the foregoing, the Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet, a low-carbohydrate diet, and a vegan-vegetarian diet are of note. Additionally, the relationship between nutrition and these metabolic pathologies is fundamental in targeting efforts to prevent weight gain, reducing excess weight in the case of individuals with overweight or obesity; and personalizing treatment to promote patient empowerment. This document is the executive summary of an updated review that includes the main recommendations for improving dietary nutritional quality in people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus. The full review is available on the webpages of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis (SEA, for its initials in Spanish), the Spanish Diabetes Society (SED, for its initials in Spanish), and the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (SEMI, for its initials in Spanish).
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pascual Fuster
- Centro de Salud Palleter, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Castellón, Grupo de Trabajo Nutrición y Estilo de Vida, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), Spain
| | - A Pérez Pérez
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Sociedad Española de Diabetes (SED), Spain
| | - J Carretero Gómez
- Servicio Medicina Interna, Hospital Comarcal de Zafra, Badajoz. Grupo de Diabetes, Obesidad y Nutrición, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), Spain
| | - A Caixàs Pedragós
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí. Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Institut Investigació Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Sabadell, Sociedad Española de Diabetes (SED), Spain
| | - R Gómez-Huelgas
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Grupo de Diabetes, Obesidad y Nutrición, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), Spain
| | - P Pérez-Martínez
- Unidad de Lípidos y Arterioesclerosis, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Universidad de Córdoba. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Grupo de Trabajo Nutrición y Estilo de Vida, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA). Grupo de Diabetes, Obesidad y Nutrición, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), Grupo de Educación para la Salud, Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), Spain.
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Hussain M, Li X, Liu L, Wang L, Qayum A, Purevsuren B, Hussain A. Characterization and anti-hyper-lipidemic effect of micro encapsulated phytosterol enriched cheddar cheese. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Liu L, Li J, He Y. Multifunctional epiberberine mediates multi-therapeutic effects. Fitoterapia 2020; 147:104771. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Chen X, Li T, He K, Geng Z, Wan X. Dietary green tea powder supplementation enriched egg nutrients and physicochemical property in an indigenous chicken breed. Poult Sci 2020; 100:388-395. [PMID: 33357704 PMCID: PMC7772676 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplementation of green tea changes the antioxidative capacity of chickens. However, the effect of green tea supplementation in the diet on egg quality and the consequent change in processing capacity is still not well known. The aim of this study was to determine whether green tea powder (GTP) supplementation could affect egg quality, egg antioxidant capacity, and sensory and egg processing characteristics. Huainan partridge chickens (1,080) at 20 wk old were divided into 2 groups, one group fed a basal diet (control) and one group fed a basal diet plus 10 g kgˆ-1 GTP for 12 wk. After the levels of yolk cholesterol had been determined, chickens from the control group were further divided into low- and high-cholesterol groups and were fed a basal diet or a diet with 10 g kgˆ-1 GTP by orthogonal design. After 4 wk, the egg processing characteristics were investigated. Egg specific gravity, shell strength, shell thickness, albumin height, Haugh unit (HU) and cholesterol content were significantly lower in the GTP group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Egg weight, albumin height, yolk color, and HU increased in a time-dependent manner in both the control and GTP groups (P < 0.01). The yolk C16:0, C20:0, C18:1, C18:2, and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents were higher in the GTP group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Egg whites from the GTP group showed increased radical scavenging activity (P < 0.05). Egg appearance and texture from the GTP group were more preferred than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Eggs from the GTP group had lower hardness, chewiness, and water retention capacity than those of eggs from the control group (P < 0.05). Eggs from the GTP group with high yolk cholesterol showed lower chewiness than those from the basal diet group (P < 0.05). The results suggested that GTP supplementation could enrich the PUFA content in egg yolks, improve the overall taste, and change processing characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Kaiqin He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Zhaoyu Geng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China.
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Moloney C, O'Connor D, O'Regan J. Polar lipid, ganglioside and cholesterol contents of infant formulae and growing up milks produced with an alpha lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate. Int Dairy J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2020.104716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Association between Egg Consumption and Cholesterol Concentration: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12071995. [PMID: 32635569 PMCID: PMC7400894 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The association of egg consumption and serum cholesterol concentrations in healthy people has been discussed for a long time. In this study, we aimed to explore association of egg consumption with on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) concentrations and the LDL-c/HDL-c ratio through meta-analysis. This systematic review only included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating egg consumption in healthy populations without combination therapy. We extracted mean and standard deviation for LDL-c/HDL-c ratio, LDL-c/HDL-c. The extracted data were pooled in a random-effects model and were presented as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Moreover, subgroup analyses were conducted for understanding effects of more egg consumption (MEC) on different intervention periods, egg-consumption levels, classification of responders. Overall, 17 RCTs met the eligibility criteria and pooled results showed MEC group had a higher LDL-c/HDL-c ratio than the control group (MD = 0.14, p = 0.001, I2 = 25%). The MEC group also had higher LDL-c than the control group (MD = 8.14, p < 0.0001, I2 = 18%). Moreover, for the subset of intervention over two months, the MEC group seemed to have a larger effect size than the subset of intervention within two months. This synthesis, the largest meta-analysis on this topic, shows the impact of egg consumption on lipid profiles among healthy subjects. Notably, longer time with MEC may lead to higher LDL-c/HDL-c ratio and LDL-c. However, RCTs with long tern follow-up are needed to guarantee the association between egg consumption and human health.
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Mustra Rakic J, Wang XD. Role of lycopene in smoke-promoted chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung carcinogenesis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 689:108439. [PMID: 32504553 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with cigarette smoking being the single most important risk factor for both. Emerging evidence indicates alterations in reverse cholesterol transport-mediated removal of excess cholesterol from lung, and intracellular cholesterol overload to be involved in smoke-promoted COPD and lung cancer development. Since there are currently few effective treatments for COPD and lung cancer, it is important to identify food-derived, biologically active compounds, which can protect against COPD and lung cancer development. High intake of the carotenoid lycopene, as one of phytochemicals, is associated with a decreased risk of chronic lung lesions. This review article summarizes and discusses epidemiologic evidence, in vitro and in vivo studies regarding the prevention of smoke-promoted COPD and lung carcinogenesis through dietary lycopene as an effective intervention strategy. We focus on the recent research implying that lycopene preventive effect is through targeting the main genes involved in reverse cholesterol transport. This review also indicates gaps in knowledge about the function of lycopene against COPD and lung cancer, offering directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Mustra Rakic
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA; Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiang-Dong Wang
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA; Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
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Effects of substituting eggs for high-carbohydrate breakfast foods on the cardiometabolic risk-factor profile in adults at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 74:784-795. [PMID: 32152513 PMCID: PMC7214271 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-0599-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To assess effects of egg-based versus non-egg, higher-carbohydrate (CHO) breakfast meals on cardiometabolic health markers in overweight or obese adults with prediabetes and/or metabolic syndrome. Methods This randomized, crossover study included two 4-week dietary interventions, separated by a ≥4-week washout. Subjects incorporated into their habitual diets breakfast meals containing either 2 eggs/day for 6 days/week (Egg condition), or energy-matched, non-egg, higher-CHO-based foods (Non-Egg condition). Dietary intakes, insulin sensitivity, and other CHO metabolism indices, lipid biomarkers, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and blood pressures were measured. Results Thirty men and women with mean age 54.1 ± 1.9 years and body mass index 31.9 ± 0.7 kg/m2 provided data. Neither diet condition significantly altered insulin sensitivity indices, but the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance was significantly (p = 0.028) higher after the Non-Egg vs. the Egg condition. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was decreased from baseline (119 mg/dL) by 2.9 and 6.0% with Egg and Non-Egg breakfasts, respectively (p = 0.023). Systolic blood pressure was reduced from baseline (127 mm Hg) by 2.7 and 0.0% with Egg and Non-Egg, respectively (p = 0.018). Diet records indicated 149 kcal/day higher (p = 0.008) energy intake from non-study foods during the Egg condition; however, weight change from baseline did not differ between conditions. Conclusion Compared with the baseline diet, consumption of 12 eggs/week for 4 weeks at breakfast was associated with less reduction in LDL-C, and more lowering of systolic blood pressure, than observed with non-egg-based, energy-matched, control foods higher in CHO.
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Spratlen MJ, Perera FP, Lederman SA, Robinson M, Kannan K, Herbstman J, Trasande L. The Association Between Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Lipids in Cord Blood. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5571855. [PMID: 31536623 PMCID: PMC6936966 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were among various persistent organic pollutants suspected to have been released during the collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) on 9/11/2001. Evidence suggests that PFAS may have cardiometabolic effects, including alterations in lipid profiles. This study evaluated the association between cord blood PFAS and lipids in a population prenatally exposed to the WTC disaster. STUDY POPULATION 222 pregnant women in the Columbia University WTC birth cohort enrolled between December 13, 2001 and June 26, 2002 at hospitals located near the WTC site: Beth Israel, St. Vincent's, and New York University Downtown. METHODS We evaluated the association between 5 cord blood PFAS-perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecane sulfonate (PFDS)-and cord blood lipids (total lipids, total cholesterol, triglycerides). RESULTS Median (interquartile range [IQR]) concentrations of PFAS were 6.32 (4.58-8.57), 2.46 (1.77-3.24), 0.38 (0.25-0.74), 0.66 (0.48-0.95) and 0.11 (0.09-0.16) ng/mL for PFOS, PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS, and PFDS, respectively. Median (IQR) for lipids were 59.0 (51.5-68.5) mg/dL for total cholesterol, 196.5 (170.5-221.2) mg/dL for total lipids and 33.1 (24.2-43.9) mg/dL for triglycerides. In fully adjusted models, several PFAS were associated with higher lipid levels, including evidence of a strong linear trend between triglycerides and both PFOA and PFHxS. CONCLUSIONS Findings support previous evidence of an association between PFAS exposure and altered lipid profiles and add novel information on this relationship in cord blood, as well as for an understudied PFAS, PFDS (J Clin Endocrinol Metab XX: 0-0, 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda J Spratlen
- Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
- Correspondence: Miranda J. Spratlen, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 122 W 168th, Room 1105, New York, NY 10032. E-mail:
| | - Frederica P Perera
- Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Sally Ann Lederman
- Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Morgan Robinson
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York
| | - Julie Herbstman
- Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Brandhorst S, Longo VD. Dietary Restrictions and Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Circ Res 2019; 124:952-965. [PMID: 30870119 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.313352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in many developed countries and remains one of the major diseases strongly affected by the diet. Nutrition can affect CVD directly by contributing to the accumulation of vascular plaques and also indirectly by regulating the rate of aging. This review summarizes research on nutrition and CVD incidence based on a multipillar system that includes basic research focused on aging, epidemiological studies, clinical studies, and studies of centenarians. The relevant research linking nutrition and CVD with focus on macronutrients and aging will be highlighted. We will review some of the most relevant studies on nutrition and CVD treatment, also focusing on interventions known to delay aging. We will discuss both everyday dietary compositions, as well as intermittent and periodic fasting interventions with the potential to prevent and treat CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Brandhorst
- From the Longevity Institute, Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (S.B., V.D.L.)
| | - Valter D Longo
- From the Longevity Institute, Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (S.B., V.D.L.).,Institute of Molecular Oncology, Italian Foundation for Cancer Research, Milan (V.D.L.)
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Sugano M. Egg and Health: Focused on the Cholesterol Issue. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.66.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michihiro Sugano
- Professor Emeritus, Kyushu University and Prefectural University of Kumamoto and Chair, The Japan Egg Science Society
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Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, Aparicio Vizuete A, Sánchez-Rodríguez P, Lorenzo Mora AM, López-Sobaler AM, Ortega RM. [Vitamin D deficiency in Spanish population. Importance of egg on nutritional improvement]. NUTR HOSP 2019; 36:3-7. [PMID: 31368328 DOI: 10.20960/nh.02798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D is an essential nutrient whose deficiency has been associated with the risk of various chronic diseases such as osteoporosis, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, some types of cancer and even overweight and obesity. Although vitamin D can be synthesized at the skin from exposure to sunlight, this source is not always sufficient to meet the needs. For example, the use of sunscreen or the low exposition to the sunlight limits the syntheses. In fact, studies have found that at least half of the Spanish population has vitamin D deficits. Therefore, the dietary contribution is fundamental. Although there are different foods fortified in this vitamin, few products are natural source of it, as fatty fish and eggs. However, according to different studies carried out in the Spanish population, there is a low consumption of this food group. In this way, it would be advisable to promote egg consumption among the population, since this food, in addition to having many nutrients, contains a high amount of vitamin D, which contributes to avoid the appearance of deficiencies and the consequences health consequences that this implies.
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Rusu ME, Mocan A, Ferreira ICFR, Popa DS. Health Benefits of Nut Consumption in Middle-Aged and Elderly Population. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8080302. [PMID: 31409026 PMCID: PMC6719153 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is considered the major risk factor for most chronic disorders. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are two major contributors for cellular senescence, downregulation of stress response pathways with a decrease of protective cellular activity and accumulation of cellular damage, leading in time to age-related diseases. This review investigated the most recent clinical trials and cohort studies published in the last ten years, which presented the influence of tree nut and peanut antioxidant diets in preventing or delaying age-related diseases in middle-aged and elderly subjects (≥55 years old). Tree nut and peanut ingestion has the possibility to influence blood lipid count, biochemical and anthropometric parameters, endothelial function and inflammatory biomarkers, thereby positively affecting cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality, cancers, and cognitive disorders, mainly through the nuts’ healthy lipid profile and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of actions. Clinical evidence and scientific findings demonstrate the importance of diets characterized by a high intake of nuts and emphasize their potential in preventing age-related diseases, validating the addition of tree nuts and peanuts in the diet of older adults. Therefore, increased consumption of bioactive antioxidant compounds from nuts clearly impacts many risk factors related to aging and can extend health span and lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Emil Rusu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Luliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Luliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Laboratory of Chromatography, ICHAT, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Daniela-Saveta Popa
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Yu Z, Wang N, Ahn DU, Ma M. Long Term Egg Yolk Consumption Alters Lipid Metabolism and Attenuates Hyperlipidemia in Mice Fed a High‐Fat Diet Based on Lipidomics Analysis. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Yu
- National R&D Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and EconomyZhengzhou 450046HenanChina
| | - Dong U. Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State UniversityAmesIA50011USA
| | - Meihu Ma
- National R&D Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina
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Cha D, Park Y. Association between Dietary Cholesterol and Their Food Sources and Risk for Hypercholesterolemia: The 2012⁻2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040846. [PMID: 30991629 PMCID: PMC6520795 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains unclear whether cholesterol intake can increase serum cholesterol. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that the risk for hypercholesterolemia was not associated with intake of dietary cholesterol after adjusting for saturated fatty acid (SFA). Based on the data from the 2012–2016 KNHANES, dietary cholesterol was positively associated with the risk for abnormalities in total cholesterol (TC) (odds ratio (OR): 1.153, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.995–1.337; p = 0.028) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (OR: 1.186, 95% CI: 1.019–1.382; p = 0.018) levels before adjusting for SFA; after adjusting for SFA, no significant associations were found between these variables. The mediation analysis showed that dietary cholesterol had no direct effects on the serum levels of TC and LDL-C; in contrast, SFA had significant indirect effects on the association between dietary cholesterol and serum levels of TC and LDL-C. Furthermore, processed meats, but not eggs and other meats, were positively associated with the risk for abnormalities in both TC (OR: 1.220, 95% CI: 1.083–1.374; p = 0.001) and LDL-C (OR: 1.193, 95% CI: 1.052–1.354; p = 0.004) levels. The present study suggested that higher intake of processed meats with high SFA, but not dietary cholesterol was associated with higher risk for abnormalities in TC and LDL-C levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjoo Cha
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea.
| | - Yongsoon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea.
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48
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Eckel RH. Reconsidering the Importance of the Association of Egg Consumption and Dietary Cholesterol With Cardiovascular Disease Risk. JAMA 2019; 321:1055-1056. [PMID: 30874737 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2019.1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Eckel
- Divisions of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, and Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
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Comparison of long-term effects of egg yolk consumption under normal and high fat diet on lipid metabolism and fatty acids profile in mice. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 28:1195-1206. [PMID: 31275720 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-00545-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study compared the long-term effects of EY consumption under two diet conditions: normal (ND + EY) and high fat diet (HFD + EY), on lipid metabolism in mice. ND + EY did not increase serum triglycerides, total cholesterol hepatic triglyceride concentrations, adipose tissue accumulation and glucose impairment, not leading to fatty liver. HFD + EY markedly decreased adipose tissue accumulation, the triglyceride and total cholesterol, and improved serum HDL-C and blood glucose impairment compared with HFD. PLS-DA analyzes showed both ND + EY and HFD + EY could decrease serum C18:1 and MUFA. HFD + EY could further decrease hepatic C18:2 and PUFA and increase C18:1 and MUFA excretion, which were associated with lower expression of Elovl6 and higher expression of Scd1 in liver. These results suggest that HFD + EY significantly improved dyslipidemia caused by HFD through modifying lipid metabolism, and ND + EY did not adversely affect the biomarkers associated with dyslipidemia risk, but showed less obvious regulation of lipid metabolism than HFD + EY.
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50
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Tallman DA, Sahathevan S, Karupaiah T, Khosla P. Egg Intake in Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1945. [PMID: 30544535 PMCID: PMC6315879 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are often instructed to adhere to a renal-specific diet depending on the severity and stage of their kidney disease. The prescribed diet may limit certain nutrients, such as phosphorus and potassium, or encourage the consumption of others, such as high biological value (HBV) proteins. Eggs are an inexpensive, easily available and high-quality source of protein, as well as a rich source of leucine, an essential amino acid that plays a role in muscle protein synthesis. However, egg yolk is a concentrated source of both phosphorus and the trimethylamine N-oxide precursor, choline, both of which may have potentially harmful effects in CKD. The yolk is also an abundant source of cholesterol which has been extensively studied for its effects on lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of cardiovascular disease. Efforts to reduce dietary cholesterol to manage dyslipidemia in dialysis patients (already following a renal diet) have not been shown to offer additional benefit. There is a paucity of data regarding the impact of egg consumption on lipid profiles of CKD patients. Additionally, egg consumption has not been associated with the risk of developing CKD based on epidemiological studies. The egg yolk also contains bioactive compounds, including lutein, zeaxanthin, and vitamin D, which may confer health benefits in CKD patients. Here we review research on egg intake and CKD, discuss both potential contraindications and favorable effects of egg consumption, and describe the need for further research examining egg intake and outcomes in the CKD and end-stage renal disease population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina A Tallman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Sharmela Sahathevan
- Dietetics Program, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 5300, Malaysia.
| | - Tilakavati Karupaiah
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Pramod Khosla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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