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Papanikolaou K, Kouloridas K, Rosvoglou A, Gatsas A, Georgakouli K, Deli CK, Draganidis D, Argyropoulou A, Michailidis D, Fatouros IG, Jamurtas AZ. Characterization of the Sideritis scardica Extract SidTea+ TM and Its Effect on Physiological Profile, Metabolic Health and Redox Biomarkers in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Molecules 2024; 29:1113. [PMID: 38474625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize a Sideritis scardica extract (SidTea+TM) and investigate its effect on the physiological profile, metabolic health and redox status in healthy individuals. The chemical profile and antioxidant potential of the SidTea+TM extract were evaluated by UPLC-HRMS analysis and in vitro cell-free methods. Twenty-eight healthy adults participated in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Participants consumed 1500 mg/day of SidTea+TM or a placebo for 4 weeks. At baseline and post-supplementation, participants were assessed for their anthropometric and physiological profile and provided a resting blood sample. SidTea+TM decreased (p < 0.05) systolic blood pressure (-10.8 mmHg), mean arterial pressure (-4.5 mmHg), resting heart rate (-3.1 bpm) and handgrip strength of the non-dominant limb (-0.8 kg) whereas the placebo decreased (p < 0.05) handgrip strength of the dominant (-5.8 kg) and non-dominant (-3.2 kg) limb. SidTea+TM also resulted in an increase (p < 0.05) in estimated VO2max (+1.1 mL/kg/min) and a reduction (p < 0.05) in γ-GT and SGPT enzymatic activity in serum (-3.7 and -3.3 U/L, respectively). Finally, SidTea+TM increased (p < 0.001) total antioxidant capacity and decreased (p < 0.05) lipid peroxidation levels in plasma. These results indicate that SidTea+TM is a potent and safe to use antioxidant that can elicit positive changes in indices of blood pressure, cardiorespiratory capacity, liver metabolism, and redox status in healthy adults over a 4-week supplementation period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Konstantinos Kouloridas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42150 Trikala, Greece
| | - Anastasia Rosvoglou
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42150 Trikala, Greece
| | - Athanasios Gatsas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42150 Trikala, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Georgakouli
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece
| | - Chariklia K Deli
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42150 Trikala, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Draganidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42150 Trikala, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Argyropoulou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Michailidis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis G Fatouros
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42150 Trikala, Greece
| | - Athanasios Z Jamurtas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42150 Trikala, Greece
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Lazarova M, Tsvetanova E, Georgieva A, Stefanova M, Uzunova D, Denev P, Vassileva V, Tasheva K. Extracts of Sideritis scardica and Clinopodium vulgare Alleviate Cognitive Impairments in Scopolamine-Induced Rat Dementia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1840. [PMID: 38339117 PMCID: PMC10855470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sideritis scardica Griseb. and Clinopodium vulgare L., belonging to the Lamiaceae family, are rich in terpenoids and phenolics and exhibit various pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. While the memory-enhancing impacts of S. scardica are well documented, the cognitive benefits of C. vulgare remain unexplored. This study assessed the potential effect of C. vulgare on learning and memory in healthy and scopolamine (Sco)-induced memory-impaired male Wistar rats, comparing it with the effects of S. scardica. Over a 21-day period, rats orally received extracts of cultivated S. scardica (200 mg/kg) and C. vulgare (100 mg/kg), either individually or in combination, with administration starting 10 days before and continuing 11 days simultaneously with Sco injection at a dose of 2 mg/kg intraperitoneally. The results showed that both extracts effectively mitigated Sco-induced memory impairment. Their combination significantly improved recognition memory and maintained monoaminergic function. S. scardica excelled in preserving spatial working memory, while C. vulgare exhibited comparable retention of recognition memory, robust antioxidant activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. The extracts alleviated Sco-induced downregulation of p-CREB/BDNF signaling, suggesting neuroprotective mechanisms. The extract combination positively affected most of the Sco-induced impairments, underscoring the potential for further investigation of these extracts for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lazarova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.L.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (M.S.); (D.U.)
| | - Elina Tsvetanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.L.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (M.S.); (D.U.)
| | - Almira Georgieva
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.L.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (M.S.); (D.U.)
| | - Miroslava Stefanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.L.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (M.S.); (D.U.)
| | - Diamara Uzunova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.L.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (M.S.); (D.U.)
| | - Petko Denev
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Valya Vassileva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Block 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Krasimira Tasheva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Block 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
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Lazarova MI, Tsvetanova ER, Georgieva AP, Stefanova MO, Uzunova DN, Denev PN, Tasheva KN. Marrubium vulgare Extract Improves Spatial Working Memory and Oxidative Stress Damage in Scopolamine-Treated Rats. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:S157-S169. [PMID: 38489175 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Background The cholinergic neuronal loss in the basal forebrain and increasing brain oxidative stress are one of the main features of the brain suffering from Alzheimer's disease. Marrubium vulgare (M. vulgare), commonly known as 'white horehound,' possesses a variety of valuable properties, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities. Moreover, it possesses neuromodulatory properties that could potentially impact short-term memory functions. Objective The present study was undertaken to investigate the preventive effects of water M. vulgare extract on working memory, cholinergic neurotransmission, and oxidative stress in rats with scopolamine (Sco)-induced dementia. Methods Male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were divided into four experimental groups. The plant extract was administered orally for 21 days, and Sco (2 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally for 11 consecutive days. The behavioral performance of the animals was evaluated by the T-maze test. The effect of the extract on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and antioxidant status in cortex and hippocampus were also monitored. Results Our experimental data revealed that treatment with M. vulgare significantly increased the percentage of correct choices of rats with Sco-induced dementia in the T maze test (by 38%, p < 0.05). Additionally, it reduced AChE activity in the hippocampus (by 20%, p < 0.05) and alleviated oxidative stress induced by Sco, particularly in the cortex. Conclusions M. vulgare water extract demonstrated working memory preserving effect in rats with Sco-induced dementia, AChE inhibitory activity and in vivo antioxidant potential, and deserve further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Lazarova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Elina R Tsvetanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Almira P Georgieva
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Diamara N Uzunova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Petko N Denev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Krasimira N Tasheva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Zheleva-Dimitrova D, Voynikov Y, Gevrenova R, Balabanova V. A Comprehensive Phytochemical Analysis of Sideritis scardica Infusion Using Orbitrap UHPLC-HRMS. Molecules 2023; 29:204. [PMID: 38202787 PMCID: PMC10780595 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sideritis scardica Griseb, also known as "mountain tea" and "Olympus tea" (Lamiaceae family) is an endemic plant from the mountainous regions of the Balkan Peninsula. In this study, we focused on an in-depth phytochemical analysis of S. scardica infusion using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography hyphenated with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). Quantitative determination of the main secondary metabolites was carried out by UHPLC-HRMS analyses using the external standard method. The results revealed more than 100 metabolites, including five sugar acids and saccharides, 21 carboxylic, hydroxybenzoic, hydroxycinnamic acids, and derivatives, 15 acylquinic acids, 10 phenylpropanoid glycosides, four iridoid glycosides, 28 flavonoids, seven fatty acids, and four organosulfur compounds. Furthermore, a dereplication and fragmentation patterns of five caffeic acids oligomers and four acylhexaric acids was performed for the first time in S. scardica. Regarding the quantitative analysis, the phenylethanoid verbascoside (53) (151.54 ± 10.86 mg/g lyophilized infusion, li), the glycosides of isoscutellarein (78) (151.70 ± 14.78 mg/g li), methylisoscutelarein (82) (107.4 ± 9.07 mg/g li), and hypolaetin (79) (78.33 ± 3.29 mg/g li), as well as caffeic acid (20) (87.25 ± 6.54 mg/g li), were found to be the major compounds in S. scardica infusion. The performed state-of-the-art phytochemical analysis of S. scardica provides additional knowledge for the chemical constituents and usage of this valuable medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (R.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Yulian Voynikov
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Reneta Gevrenova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (R.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Vessela Balabanova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (R.G.); (V.B.)
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Tomou EM, Bieler L, Spöttl T, Couillard-Despres S, Skaltsa H, Urmann C. Metabolic Fingerprinting of Different Sideritis Taxa Infusions and Their Neurogenic Activity. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:1087-1096. [PMID: 37044130 DOI: 10.1055/a-2072-2351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years, Sideritis extracts were shown to improve memory. However, their potential to promote the generation of new neurons, starting with the neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells, remains unexplored. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the neurogenic effects of different Sideritis infusions in neural stem and precursor cells and their impact on cell viability. Moreover, the metabolic fingerprints were recorded using LC-DAD, LC-HRESIMS, and GC-MS. The neurogenic potential of infusions of the eight Sideritis taxa tested was as potent as the classical neuronal inducer combination of retinoic acid and valproic acid. Further cytotoxicity assays revealed that the IC50 values of the extracts were between 163 and 322 µg/mL. Hierarchical cluster analyses of the metabolic fingerprints unveiled that the two Sideritis taxa with the lowest IC50 values were the most divergent in the analytical techniques used. As the analysis focused on polyphenols, it is reasonable to assume that these compounds are responsible for the effect on the cell viability of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. This study is the first report on the neurogenic potential of Sideritis taxa and might support the use of Sideritis herbal preparations in the context of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina-Michaela Tomou
- Section of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, Athens, Greece
- Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences, Organic-Analytical Chemistry, Straubing, Germany
| | - Lara Bieler
- Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tobias Spöttl
- TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Straubing, Germany
| | - Sebastien Couillard-Despres
- Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helen Skaltsa
- Section of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Corinna Urmann
- Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences, Organic-Analytical Chemistry, Straubing, Germany
- TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Straubing, Germany
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Ververis A, Ioannou K, Kyriakou S, Violaki N, Panayiotidis MI, Plioukas M, Christodoulou K. Sideritis scardica Extracts Demonstrate Neuroprotective Activity against Aβ 25-35 Toxicity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1716. [PMID: 37111938 PMCID: PMC10142657 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative condition, primarily affecting seniors. Despite the significant time and money spent over the past few decades, no therapy has been developed yet. In recent years, the research has focused on ameliorating the cytotoxic amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide aggregates and the increased elevated oxidative stress, two interconnected main AD hallmarks. Medicinal plants constitute a large pool for identifying bioactive compounds or mixtures with a therapeutic effect. Sideritis scardica (SS) has been previously characterized as neuroprotective toward AD. We investigated this ability of SS by generating eight distinct solvent fractions, which were chemically characterized and assessed for their antioxidant and neuroprotective potential. The majority of the fractions were rich in phenolics and flavonoids, and all except one showed significant antioxidant activity. Additionally, four SS extracts partly rescued the viability in Aβ25-35-treated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, with the initial aqueous extract being the most potent and demonstrating similar activity in retinoic-acid-differentiated cells as well. These extracts were rich in neuroprotective substances, such as apigenin, myricetin-3-galactoside, and ellagic acid. Our findings indicate that specific SS mixtures can benefit the pharmaceutical industry to develop herbal drugs and functional food products that may alleviate AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Ververis
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Kristia Ioannou
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Sotiris Kyriakou
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Niki Violaki
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Michael Plioukas
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Kyproula Christodoulou
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
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Ouyang J, Peng Y, Gong Y. New Perspectives on Sleep Regulation by Tea: Harmonizing Pathological Sleep and Energy Balance under Stress. Foods 2022; 11:3930. [PMID: 36496738 PMCID: PMC9738644 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep, a conservative evolutionary behavior of organisms to adapt to changes in the external environment, is divided into natural sleep, in a healthy state, and sickness sleep, which occurs in stressful environments or during illness. Sickness sleep plays an important role in maintaining energy homeostasis under an injury and promoting physical recovery. Tea, a popular phytochemical-rich beverage, has multiple health benefits, including lowering stress and regulating energy metabolism and natural sleep. However, the role of tea in regulating sickness sleep has received little attention. The mechanism underlying tea regulation of sickness sleep and its association with the maintenance of energy homeostasis in injured organisms remains to be elucidated. This review examines the current research on the effect of tea on sleep regulation, focusing on the function of tea in modulating energy homeostasis through sickness sleep, energy metabolism, and damage repair in model organisms. The potential mechanisms underlying tea in regulating sickness sleep are further suggested. Based on the biohomology of sleep regulation, this review provides novel insights into the role of tea in sleep regulation and a new perspective on the potential role of tea in restoring homeostasis from diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Changsha 410128, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yuxuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Changsha 410128, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- College of Physical Education, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413002, China
| | - Yushun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Changsha 410128, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Associations of tea consumption with cognitive function and mental health among older adults in China. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03962-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Israel S. Sideritis scardica Griseb.: Griechischer Bergtee oder Griechisches
Eisenkraut. ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR GANZHEITLICHE TIERMEDIZIN 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1941-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Wir leben in unruhigen Zeiten. Der Krieg in der Ukraine besorgt viele und hat
nicht selten schlaflose Nächte, depressive Stimmungslagen und
Ängste zur Folge. Corona erhitzt die Gemüter und spaltet
Menschen unterschiedlicher Meinung. Ältere Menschen, ein stetig
wachsender Anteil unserer Bevölkerung, leiden zunehmend unter
Einsamkeit, die den Alterungsprozess bzw. die Entwicklung demenzieller Symptome
verstärken kann. Der Griechische Bergtee, lat. Sideritis scardica
Griseb., ist eine Pflanze, die durch ihre positiven Einflüsse auf den
Alterungsprozess, auf Demenzerkrankungen, Angststörungen und
Depressionen zunehmend in den Fokus moderner Forschung gelangt 1
2.
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Pizarro Meléndez GP, Valero-Jara V, Acevedo-Hernández P, Thomas-Valdés S. Impact of polyphenols on stress and anxiety: a systematic review of molecular mechanisms and clinical evidence. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2340-2357. [PMID: 36154755 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2122925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Mental health is a global public concern that contributes raising disability and premature death. Anxiety undertakes around 3.6% of the global population, while psychological stress is a condition associated to anxiety with a prevalence of 36.5%. Treatment for both mental conditions consist mainly of psychological therapy and pharmacotherapy, but the long-term drugs use can trigger adverse effects. Growing evidence shows the effect of specific food compounds on stress and anxiety treatment. The aim of this systematic review is to describe the molecular mechanisms related to dietary polyphenols administration from food matrix (considering food, juices or herbal/food extracts) and their effects on stress and/or anxiety, as well as review the available clinical evidence. Search was based on PRISMA Guidelines using peer-reviewed journal articles sourced from PubMed and Web of Science. A total of 38 articles were considered as eligible. The major effects for anxiety management were: reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation; HPA axis modulation; and regulation of some serotonergic/adrenergic pathways. There is a very limited evidence to conclude about the real effect of dietary polyphenols on stress. Although pharmacological treatment for mood disorders is essential, alternative therapies are necessary using non-pharmacological compounds to improve the long-term treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Viviana Valero-Jara
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias e Ingeniería para la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Paula Acevedo-Hernández
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Neurociencias, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Samanta Thomas-Valdés
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile
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Koromili M, Kapourani A, Koletti A, Papandreou G, Assimopoulou AN, Lazari D, Barmpalexis P. Preparation and Evaluation of Siderol Amorphous Solid Dispersions: Selection of Suitable Matrix/Carrier. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:214. [PMID: 35918468 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02368-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates the preparation of amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) for the ent-kaurane diterpenoid siderol (SDR). Initially, evaluation of the pure drug (isolated from Sideritis scardica) revealed that the API is a non-stable glass former, and hence the selection of a suitable ASD's matrix/carrier needs special attention. For this reason, four commonly used polymers and copolymers, namely poly(vinylpyrrolidone), copovidone, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and Soluplus® (SOL), were screened via film casting and crystal growth rate measurements. Amongst them, SOL showed the highest SDR's crystal growth rate reduction, and, since it was also miscible with the drug, it was selected for further testing. In this direction, SDR-SOL ASDs were successfully prepared via melt-quench cooling. These formulations showed full API amorphization, while good physical stability (i.e., a stable SDR amorphous dispersions) were obtained after storage for several months. Finally, evaluation of molecular interactions (with the aid of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy) showed strong H-bonds between SOL and SDR, while the use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations unraveled the nature of these interactions. Therefore, based on the findings of the present work, SOL seems to be an appropriate matrix/carrier for the preparation of SDR ASDs, although further studies are needed in order to explore its full potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Koromili
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Division of Pharmacognosy-Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Afroditi Kapourani
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antigoni Koletti
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence-AUTH (NatPro-AUTH), 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Papandreou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreana N Assimopoulou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence-AUTH (NatPro-AUTH), 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Diamanto Lazari
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Division of Pharmacognosy-Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Barmpalexis
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece. .,Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Natural Products Research Centre of Excellence-AUTH (NatPro-AUTH), 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Pes GM, Dore MP, Tsofliou F, Poulain M. Diet and longevity in the Blue Zones: A set-and-forget issue? Maturitas 2022; 164:31-37. [PMID: 35780634 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The Blue Zones (BZs) are areas of the globe inhabited by exceptionally long-lived populations. They include the island of Okinawa in Japan, the island of Ikaria in Greece, the mountain area of the island of Sardinia in Italy, and the peninsula of Nicoya in Costa Rica. Their longevity is a relatively recent phenomenon that has been progressively investigated since the dawn of this century. Research efforts over the past two decades have sought to shed light on the factors associated with this longevity, as well as explore the possibility of lessons transferable to the general population. Among the features of BZ inhabitants, described in the literature, their eating habits hold a prominent place, as these have the advantage of being easily quantifiable and applicable on a larger scale. However, it is too often taken for granted that the mere fact of being documented in a long-lived population makes the diet a causal factor of that population's longevity; this is a claim which should be proven. Furthermore, it is implicitly assumed that a specific BZ diet is homogeneous and remains stable over time, whereas some evidence suggests the opposite. Therefore, this review summarizes our current knowledge of the BZ diets and discusses whether they can be considered as a paradigmatic example of healthy nutrition valid for anyone or, rather, a set of evolving food patterns that has offered benefits to a few specific communities in recent decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Mario Pes
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Italy; Sardinia Longevity Blue Zone Observatory, Ogliastra, Italy.
| | - Maria Pina Dore
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Italy; Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, USA
| | - Fotini Tsofliou
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, UK; Centre for Midwifery, Maternal & Perinatal Health, Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, UK
| | - Michel Poulain
- IACCHOS Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Estonian Institute for Population Studies, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
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13
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Faridzadeh A, Salimi Y, Ghasemirad H, Kargar M, Rashtchian A, Mahmoudvand G, Karimi MA, Zerangian N, Jahani N, Masoudi A, Sadeghian Dastjerdi B, Salavatizadeh M, Sadeghsalehi H, Deravi N. Neuroprotective Potential of Aromatic Herbs: Rosemary, Sage, and Lavender. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:909833. [PMID: 35873824 PMCID: PMC9297920 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.909833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hundreds of millions of people around the world suffer from neurological disorders or have experienced them intermittently, which has significantly reduced their quality of life. The common treatments for neurological disorders are relatively expensive and may lead to a wide variety of side effects including sleep attacks, gastrointestinal side effects, blood pressure changes, etc. On the other hand, several herbal medications have attracted colossal popularity worldwide in the recent years due to their availability, affordable prices, and few side effects. Aromatic plants, sage (Salvia officinalis), lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), and rosemary (Salvia Rosmarinus) have already shown anxiolytics, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. They have also shown potential in treating common neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, migraine, and cognitive disorders. This review summarizes the data on the neuroprotective potential of aromatic herbs, sage, lavender, and rosemary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Faridzadeh
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yasaman Salimi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Ghasemirad
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Meraj Kargar
- Student Research Committee, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ava Rashtchian
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Mahmoudvand
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Karimi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasibeh Zerangian
- School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Jahani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Anahita Masoudi
- Student Research Committee, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Bahare Sadeghian Dastjerdi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Marieh Salavatizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Sadeghsalehi
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Deravi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Niloofar Deravi
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Sato F, Wong CP, Furuya K, Kuzu C, Kimura R, Udo T, Honda H, Yang J. Anti-skin Aging Activities of Sideritis scardica and 3 Flavonoids With an Uncommon 8-Hydroxyl Moiety. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221094910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin plays various crucial biological functions and gradually degenerates due to the process of skin aging. Hence, the development of new ingredients for delaying or even reversing skin aging is an essential subject that needs to be addressed. Our screening effort for anti-skin aging ingredients has led to the discovery that Sideritis scardica extract (SSE) possesses collagenase inhibition, advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation inhibition, antioxidative, and antiallergic activities, as well as ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression inhibition activity. However, the effect of S. scardica, commonly known as a mountain herb, on skin aging is unknown and needs additional study. Further studies on SSE have led to the isolation of 3 flavonoids with an uncommon 8-hydroxyl moiety, isoscutellarein (1), 4′- O-methylhypolaetin (2), and 4′- O-methylisoscutellarein (3). Biological evaluations also revealed that 1-3 possess SSE collagenase inhibition, AGE formation inhibition, antioxidative, and antiallergic activities, while 3 was identified to possess SSE UVB-induced MMP-1 expression inhibition activity. Moreover, the AGE formation inhibition activity and antiallergic activity of 1-3 were speculated to be derived from their antioxidative activity, while direct inhibition of the collagenase enzyme led to their observed collagenase inhibition activity. Regarding the inhibition activity of 1-3 on UVB-induced MMP-1 expression, further studies are necessary to reveal their possible mechanism of action. Collectively, the biological activities of SSE and the isolated flavonoids 1-3 highlight the potential of S. scardica to be further developed as an agent to delay or reverse skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Sato
- Laboratory of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kaito Furuya
- Laboratory of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikako Kuzu
- Laboratory of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kimura
- Laboratory of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoha Udo
- Laboratory of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruno Honda
- Laboratory of Analytical Pathophysiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jinwei Yang
- Tokiwa Phytochemical Co. Ltd, Sakura, Chiba, Japan
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15
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Incremental Doses of Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Juice Do Not Modify Cognitive Function and Cerebral Blood Flow in Overweight and Obese Older Adults: A 13-Week Pilot Randomised Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051052. [PMID: 35268027 PMCID: PMC8912345 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrate-rich food increases nitric oxide (NO) production and may have beneficial effects on vascular, metabolic, and brain function. This pilot study tested the effects of prolonged consumption of a range of doses of dietary nitrate (NO3-), provided as beetroot juice, on cognitive function and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in overweight and obese older participants. The study had a 13-week single-blind, randomised, parallel design, and 62 overweight and obese older participants (aged 60 to 75 years) received the following interventions: (1) high NO3- (2 × 70 mL beetroot juice/day) (2) medium NO3- (70 mL beetroot juice/day), (3) low NO3- (70 mL beetroot juice on alternate days), or (4) placebo (70 mL of NO3--depleted beetroot juice on alternate days). Cognitive functions were assessed using the Computerised Mental Performance Assessment System (COMPASS) assessment battery. CBF, monitored by concentration changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin, was assessed in the frontal cortex using near-infrared spectroscopy. The findings of this pilot study showed that cognitive function and CBF were not affected by supplementation with NO3--rich beetroot juice for 13 weeks, irrespective of the NO3- dose administered. These findings require confirmation in larger studies using more sophisticated imaging methods (i.e., MRI) to determine whether prolonged dietary NO3- supplementation influences brain function in older overweight people.
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Kimble R, Keane KM, Lodge JK, Cheung W, Haskell-Ramsay CF, Howatson G. Polyphenol-rich tart cherries ( Prunus Cerasus, cv Montmorency) improve sustained attention, feelings of alertness and mental fatigue and influence the plasma metabolome in middle-aged adults: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1-12. [PMID: 35109960 PMCID: PMC9723490 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522000460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tart Montmorency cherries (MC) are a particularly rich source of anthocyanins and other polyphenols that have been shown to elicit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and vasomodulatory actions. The current study aimed to determine the influence of chronic MC supplementation on cognitive function and mood. In a 3-month double-blinded, placebo-controlled parallel study, middle-aged adults (mean ± sd: 48 ± 6 years) were randomly assigned to either 30 ml twice daily of MC (n 25) or the same amount of an isoenergetic placebo (n 25). Cognitive function and mood were assessed before and after supplementation using a computerised cognitive task battery and visual analogue scales. Cerebral blood flow was also monitored by near-infrared spectroscopy during the task battery, and questionnaires were administered to determine subjective sleep and health status and plasma metabolomics were analysed before and after supplementation. After 3 months, the MC resulted in higher accuracy in digit vigilance (mean difference: 3·3, 95 % CI: 0·2, 6·4 %) with lower number of false alarms (mean difference: -1·2, 95 % CI: -2·0, -0·4) compared with the placebo. There was also a treatment effect for higher alertness (mean difference: 5·9, 95 % CI: 1·3, 10·5 %) and lower mental fatigue ratings (mean difference -9·5, 95 % CI: -16·5, -2·5 %) with MC. Plasma metabolomics revealed an increase in a number of amino acids in response to MC intake, but not placebo. These data suggest an anti-fatiguing effect of MC supplementation as well as the ability to improve sustained attention during times of high cognitive demand, this could be related to changes in amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Kimble
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Karen M. Keane
- School of Science and Computing, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Galway, Ireland
| | - John K. Lodge
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - William Cheung
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | | | - Glyn Howatson
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- Water Research Group, School of Environmental Sciences and Development, Northwest University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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17
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de Vries K, Medawar E, Korosi A, Witte AV. The Effect of Polyphenols on Working and Episodic Memory in Non-pathological and Pathological Aging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 8:720756. [PMID: 35155509 PMCID: PMC8826433 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.720756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Life expectancy steadily increases, and so do age-associated diseases, leading to a growing population suffering from cognitive decline and dementia. Impairments in working memory (WM) and episodic memory (EM) are associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. While there are no effective pharmacological therapies to preserve or enhance cognition and to slow down the progression from mild memory complaints to dementia so far, plant-based nutrients including polyphenols have been suggested to exert beneficial effects on brain aging. This review studies whether supplementary polyphenols are effective in preserving or enhancing memory in both non-pathological and pathological aging, and whether there are polyphenol efficiency differences between WM and EM. A systematic literature search was conducted and 66 out of 294 randomized clinical trials with 20 participants or more per group, aged 40 years or older were included. These covered a daily intake of 35–1,600 mg polyphenols, e.g., flavonols, flavonoids, isoflovones, anthocyanins, and/or stilbenes, over the course of 2 weeks to 6.5 years duration. In total, around half of the studies reported a significantly improved performance after polyphenol administration compared to control, while three studies reported a worsening of performance, and the remainder did not observe any effects. According to pooled WM and EM meta-analysis of all memory outcomes reported in 49 studies, overall effect size for WM and EM indicated a significant small positive effect on EM and WM with similar estimates (b ~ 0.24, p < 0.001), with large study heterogeneity and significant Funnel asymmetry tests suggesting a positivity bias. These results remained similar when excluding studies reporting extremely large positive effect sizes from the meta-analyses. While Ginkgo biloba and isoflavones did not show benefits in subgroup meta-analyses, those suggested some effects in extracts containing anthocyanins, other flavonoids and resveratrol, again potentially resulting from publication bias. To conclude, a systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that short- to moderate-term polyphenol interventions might improve WM and EM in middle-to older aged adults, however, publication bias in favor of positive results seems likely, rendering definite conclusions difficult. Future studies with larger, more diverse samples and sensitive monitoring of cardiovascular, metabolic and beginning brain pathologies as well as longer follow-up are needed to better understand the impact of age, (beginning) pathologies, gender, and long-term use on polyphenol action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin de Vries
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Evelyn Medawar
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Philosophy, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aniko Korosi
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A. Veronica Witte
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: A. Veronica Witte
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18
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Goya L, Román RS, de Pascual-Teresa S. Polyphenols effect on cerebrovascular health. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1029-1044. [PMID: 34844534 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666211129123459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are a wide group of plant components that include a high number of individual compounds and are present in foods, dietary supplements and drugs. Many of them have shown pharmacological effects, are used in cardiovascular disease prevention, and not as many have been assayed in cancer treatment or co-treatment. In the last few years, however, the research on polyphenols implications in a healthy aging and especially in neurodegeneration and cognition improvement has increased dramatically. Most of the results found in this sense are again related with the capacity of some specific polyphenols to regulate the blood flow, but this time at the cerebral level, and to protect the endothelium at this same level. In this thorough review, we want to concentrate precisely on the effect of polyphenols on the cerebrovascular homeostasis, reviewing the mechanisms that underline this effect and the radiological methods and endogenous biomarkers that are used in human trials aimed at showing the beneficial effect of polyphenols or polyphenols rich foods on neuroprotection and cognition function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Goya
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Food Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid. Spain
| | - Ricardo San Román
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid. Spain
| | - Sonia de Pascual-Teresa
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Food Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid. Spain
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19
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Caruso G, Torrisi SA, Mogavero MP, Currenti W, Castellano S, Godos J, Ferri R, Galvano F, Leggio GM, Grosso G, Caraci F. Polyphenols and neuroprotection: Therapeutic implications for cognitive decline. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 232:108013. [PMID: 34624428 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Dietary polyphenols have been the focus of major interest for their potential benefits on human health. Several preclinical studies have been conducted to provide a rationale for their potential use as therapeutic agents in preventing or ameliorating cognitive decline. However, results from human studies are scarce and poorly documented. The aim of this review was to discuss the potential mechanisms involved in age-related cognitive decline or early stage cognitive impairment and current evidence from clinical human studies conducted on polyphenols and the aforementioned outcomes. The evidence published so far is encouraging but contrasting findings are to be taken into account. Most studies on anthocyanins showed a consistent positive effect on various cognitive aspects related to aging or early stages of cognitive impairment. Studies on cocoa flavanols, resveratrol, and isoflavones provided substantial contrasting results and further research is needed to clarify the therapeutic potential of these compounds. Results from other studies on quercetin, green tea flavanols, hydroxycinnamic acids (such as chlorogenic acid), curcumin, and olive oil tyrosol and derivatives are rather promising but still too few to provide any real conclusions. Future translational studies are needed to address issues related to dosage, optimal formulations to improve bioavailability, as well as better control for the overall diet, and correct target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Caruso
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sebastiano A Torrisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Mogavero
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Scientific Institute of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Walter Currenti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Justyna Godos
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Galvano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Leggio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, Troina, Italy
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20
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Ozawa H, Miyazawa T, Miyazawa T. Effects of Dietary Food Components on Cognitive Functions in Older Adults. Nutrients 2021; 13:2804. [PMID: 34444965 PMCID: PMC8398286 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Population aging has recently been an important issue as the number of elderly people is growing worldwide every year, and the extension of social security costs is financially costly. The increase in the number of elderly people with cognitive decline is a serious problem related to the aging of populations. Therefore, it is necessary to consider not only physical care but also cognitive patterns in the future care of older adults. Since food contains a variety of bioactive substances, dietary patterns may help improve age-related cognitive decline. However, the relationship between cognitive function and individual food components remains ambiguous as no clear efficacy or mechanism has been confirmed. Against this background, this review summarizes previous reports on the biological process of cognitive decline in the elderly and the relationship between individual compounds in foods and cognitive function, as well as the role of individual components of food in cognitive function, in the following order: lipids, carotenoids, vitamins, phenolic compounds, amino acids, peptides, and proteins. Based on the research presented in this review, a proper diet that preserves cognitive function has the potential to improve age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Hopefully, this review will help to trigger the development of new foods and technologies that improve aging and cognitive functions and extend the healthy life span.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Teruo Miyazawa
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; (H.O.); (T.M.)
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21
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Hepsomali P, Greyling A, Scholey A, Vauzour D. Acute Effects of Polyphenols on Human Attentional Processes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:678769. [PMID: 34108860 PMCID: PMC8180591 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.678769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The effects of polyphenols on cognitive functions have been extensively studied. Due to the large heterogeneity in the study designs, however, it is often difficult to interpret their efficacy. To address this issue, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to examine whether acute polyphenol intake may have a beneficial effect on cognition and specifically on the accuracy and speed of attention. Methods: PubMed and Scopus databases were systematically searched for studies published up to end of August 2020 following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021232109). Only placebo-controlled human intervention trials that assessed acute effects of polyphenols on accuracy and speed of attention were included in the meta-analyses. When cognitive tasks were repeated over time, pooled means and standard deviations for intervention and placebo over repetitions separately for each task for both speed and accuracy were calculated. We also conducted separate analyses focusing only on the last repetition. Furthermore, confounding effects of age and source of polyphenols were also considered. Results: Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled analysis of last task repetitions showed that the acute consumption of polyphenols improved rapid visual information processing speed in young participants (SMD = 0.26; 95%CI = [0.03-0.50]; I 2= 0%; p = 0.02; k = 5). All other analyses did not reach significance. Conclusion: The results of the current study indicate that acute polyphenol consumption might improve speed in rapid visual information processing task, a higher order task with elements of vigilance, working memory, and executive function, in young participants; however, as the current literature is inconsistent and limited, further acute intervention studies are warranted to achieve more conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piril Hepsomali
- Unilever R&D, Colworth Science Park, Bedford, United Kingdom
| | - Arno Greyling
- Unilever Foods Innovation Centre, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Andrew Scholey
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - David Vauzour
- Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
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22
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The impact of functional food on the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/cipms-2020-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Globally, diseases of the lung are one of the main causes of death, and conventional therapies are often ineffective in dealing with this serious medical and sociological problem. Since ancient times, medicinal plants have been used in the treatment of respiratory tract diseases. Such plants show antitussive, muscle relaxing, bronchi dilation or cillary movement effects. Their usefulness has been confirmed by modern and current research. A medicinal plant that is also a functional food can open new areas in the prevention and treatment of respiratory tract diseases. In this review, information about the influence of functional food on preventing and treating asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) and high-altitude sickness are presented.
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23
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Ano Y, Kita M, Kobayashi K, Koikeda T, Kawashima R. Effects of β-Lactolin on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow within the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex during Working Memory Task in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10030480. [PMID: 33525551 PMCID: PMC7865841 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported that consumption of dairy products rich in β-lactolin is beneficial for cognitive decline among elderly individuals. Although previous studies have shown that β-lactolin supplementation improves memory function and attention in healthy adults, the mechanism through which β-lactolin affects human brain function has yet to be elucidated. This placebo-controlled randomized double-blind study therefore examined the effects of β-lactolin on human regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) according to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials guidelines. A total of 114 healthy participants aged between 50 and 75 years with relatively low cognition were randomly allocated into the β-lactolin or placebo groups (n = 57 for both groups) and received supplementation for 6 weeks. After the 6 weeks of supplementation, total hemoglobin during cognitive tasks (Kraepelin and 2-back tasks) was measured using two-channel NIRS to determine rCBF. Accordingly, the β-lactolin group had significantly higher changes in total hemoglobin at the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) area measured using the left-side channel during the 2-back tasks (p = 0.027) compared to the placebo group. The present study suggests that β-lactolin supplementation increases rCBF and DLPFC activity during working memory tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhisa Ano
- Kirin Central Research Institute, Kirin Holdings Company, Ltd., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2, Fujisawa Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan; (M.K.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Masahiro Kita
- Kirin Central Research Institute, Kirin Holdings Company, Ltd., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2, Fujisawa Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan; (M.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Keiko Kobayashi
- Kirin Central Research Institute, Kirin Holdings Company, Ltd., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2, Fujisawa Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan; (M.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Takashi Koikeda
- Shiba Palace Clinic, Daiwa A Hamamatsucho 6F, 1-9-10, Hamamatsucho, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0013, Japan;
| | - Ryuta Kawashima
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
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Effects of Fruit and Vegetable-Based Nutraceutical on Cognitive Function in a Healthy Population: Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, and Randomized Clinical Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010116. [PMID: 33467530 PMCID: PMC7830952 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is scientific evidence of the positive effect of polyphenols from plant foods on cognition, but not enough is known about the synergistic effect when multiple polyphenols are consumed and even less in a healthy non-elderly population. The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible effects of improvements in cognitive function in healthy people as a preparation based on micronized fruit and vegetables consumed. One hundred and eight subjects were selected, stratified by sex in the control intervention group (n = 53) and placebo (n = 55). Volunteers completed the study after two 16-week periods of consumption with a 4-week wash period between each phase. At the beginning and the end of each phase, volunteers performed the Stroop, TESEN, and RIST tests for the measurement of different cognitive function patterns. The results revealed statistically significant differences in all the variables of the tests carried out, especially compared with the placebo. Specially, the results obtained in the Stroop and TESEN test, in addition to the processing speed even with semantic interferences, were markedly better after the treatment with the product under study. Moreover, the consumption of the product under study clearly improves short-term memory, verbal and non-verbal, according to the results obtained in the RIST test. The results showed an improvement in executive function in terms of short-term memory, working memory, selective and sustained attention, and speed of processing.
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Arruda HS, Neri-Numa IA, Kido LA, Maróstica Júnior MR, Pastore GM. Recent advances and possibilities for the use of plant phenolic compounds to manage ageing-related diseases. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Kokras N, Poulogiannopoulou E, Sotiropoulos MG, Paravatou R, Goudani E, Dimitriadou M, Papakonstantinou E, Doxastakis G, Perrea DN, Hloupis G, Angelis A, Argyropoulou A, Tsarbopoulos A, Skaltsounis AL, Dalla C. Behavioral and Neurochemical Effects of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Total Phenolic Content and Sideritis Extract in Female Mice. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215000. [PMID: 33126727 PMCID: PMC7663189 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the cognitive and behavioral effects of extra virgin olive oil total phenolic content (TPC) and Sideritis (SID) extracts in female mice, and identify the associated neurochemical changes in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex. All animals received intraperitoneal low or high doses of TPC, SID or vehicle treatment for 7 days and were subjected to the Open Field (OF), Novel Object Recognition (NOR) and Tail Suspension Test (TST). The prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were dissected for analysis of neurotransmitters and aminoacids with high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED). Both TPC doses enhanced vertical activity and center entries in the OF, which could indicate an anxiolytic-like effect. In addition, TPC enhanced non-spatial working memory and, in high doses, exerted antidepressant effects. On the other hand, high SID doses remarkably decreased the animals’ overall activity. Locomotor and exploratory activities were closely associated with cortical increases in serotonin turnover induced by both treatments. Cognitive performance was linked to glutamate level changes. Furthermore, TPC reduced cortical taurine levels, while SID reduced cortical aspartate levels. TPC seems to have promising cognitive, anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, whereas SID has sedative effects in high doses. Both extracts act in the brain, but their specific actions and properties merit further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Kokras
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (N.K.); (E.P.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.); (E.G.); (M.D.); (E.P.); (A.T.)
- First Department of Psychiatry, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Vas. Sofias Avenue 72–74, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Poulogiannopoulou
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (N.K.); (E.P.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.); (E.G.); (M.D.); (E.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Marinos G. Sotiropoulos
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (N.K.); (E.P.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.); (E.G.); (M.D.); (E.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Rafaella Paravatou
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (N.K.); (E.P.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.); (E.G.); (M.D.); (E.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Eleni Goudani
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (N.K.); (E.P.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.); (E.G.); (M.D.); (E.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Maria Dimitriadou
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (N.K.); (E.P.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.); (E.G.); (M.D.); (E.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Electra Papakonstantinou
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (N.K.); (E.P.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.); (E.G.); (M.D.); (E.P.); (A.T.)
| | - George Doxastakis
- Electronic Devices and Materials Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering, University of West Attica, Agiou Spiridonos 28, Egaleo, 12243 Athens, Greece; (G.D.); (G.H.)
| | - Despina N. Perrea
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11521 Athens, Greece;
| | - George Hloupis
- Electronic Devices and Materials Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering, University of West Attica, Agiou Spiridonos 28, Egaleo, 12243 Athens, Greece; (G.D.); (G.H.)
| | - Apostolis Angelis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.A.); (A.A.); (A.-L.S.)
| | - Aikaterini Argyropoulou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.A.); (A.A.); (A.-L.S.)
| | - Anthony Tsarbopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (N.K.); (E.P.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.); (E.G.); (M.D.); (E.P.); (A.T.)
- Bioanalytical Department, GAIA Research Center, The Goulandris Natural History Museum, Othonos 100, Kifissia, 14562 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.A.); (A.A.); (A.-L.S.)
| | - Christina Dalla
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece; (N.K.); (E.P.); (M.G.S.); (R.P.); (E.G.); (M.D.); (E.P.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence:
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Yeung MK, Chan AS. A Systematic Review of the Application of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to the Study of Cerebral Hemodynamics in Healthy Aging. Neuropsychol Rev 2020; 31:139-166. [PMID: 32959167 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-020-09455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown that healthy aging is associated with functional brain deterioration that preferentially affects the prefrontal cortex. This article reviews the application of an alternative method, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), to the study of age-related changes in cerebral hemodynamics and factors that influence cerebral hemodynamics in the elderly population. We conducted literature searches in PudMed and PsycINFO, and selected only English original research articles that used fNIRS to study healthy individuals with a mean age of ≥ 55 years. All articles were published in peer-reviewed journals between 1977 and May 2019. We synthesized 114 fNIRS studies examining hemodynamic changes that occurred in the resting state and during the tasks of sensation and perception, motor control, semantic processing, word retrieval, attentional shifting, inhibitory control, memory, and emotion and motivation in healthy older adults. This review, which was not registered in a registry, reveals an age-related reduction in resting-state cerebral oxygenation and connectivity in the prefrontal cortex. It also shows that aging is associated with a reduction in functional hemispheric asymmetry and increased compensatory activity in the frontal lobe across multiple task domains. In addition, this article describes the beneficial effects of healthy lifestyles and the detrimental effects of cardiovascular disease risk factors on brain functioning among nondemented older adults. Limitations of this review include exclusion of gray and non-English literature and lack of meta-analysis. Altogether, the fNIRS literature provides some support for various neurocognitive aging theories derived from task-based PET and fMRI studies. Because fNIRS is relatively motion-tolerant and environmentally unconstrained, it is a promising tool for fostering the development of aging biomarkers and antiaging interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Yeung
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Agnes S Chan
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,Chanwuyi Research Center for Neuropsychological Well-being, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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Ammar A, Trabelsi K, Boukhris O, Bouaziz B, Müller P, Glenn JM, Chamari K, Müller N, Chtourou H, Driss T, Hökelmann A. Moderators of the Impact of (Poly)Phenols Interventions on Psychomotor Functions and BDNF: Insights from Subgroup Analysis and Meta-Regression. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092872. [PMID: 32961777 PMCID: PMC7551086 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent anti-aging interventions have shown contradictory impacts of (poly)phenols regarding the prevention of cognitive decline and maintenance of brain function. These discrepancies have been linked to between-study differences in supplementation protocols. This subgroup analysis and meta-regression aimed to (i) examine differential effects of moderator variables related to participant characteristics and supplementation protocols and (ii) identify practical recommendations to design effective (poly)phenol supplementation protocols for future anti-aging interventions. METHODS Multiple electronic databases (Web of Science; PubMed) searched for relevant intervention published from inception to July 2019. Using the PICOS criteria, a total of 4303 records were screened. Only high-quality studies (n = 15) were included in the final analyses. Random-effects meta-analysis was used, and we calculated standard differences in means (SDM), effect size (ES), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for two sufficiently comparable items (i.e., psychomotor function and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)). When significant heterogeneity was computed (I2 > 50%), a subgroup and meta-regression analysis were performed to examine the moderation effects of participant characteristics and supplementation protocols. RESULTS The reviewed studies support the beneficial effect of (poly)phenols-rich supplementation on psychomotor functions (ES = -0.677, p = 0.001) and brain plasticity (ES = 1.168, p = 0.028). Subgroup analysis revealed higher beneficial impacts of (poly)phenols (i) in younger populations compared to older (SDM = -0.89 vs. -0.47 for psychomotor performance, and 2.41 vs. 0.07 for BDNF, respectively), (ii) following an acute compared to chronic supplementation (SDM = -1.02 vs. -0.43 for psychomotor performance), and (iii) using a phenolic compound with medium compared to low bioavailability rates (SDM = -0.76 vs. -0.68 for psychomotor performance and 3.57 vs. 0.07 for DBNF, respectively). Meta-regressions revealed greater improvement in BDNF levels with lower percentages of female participants (Q = 40.15, df = 6, p < 0.001) and a skewed scatter plot toward a greater impact using higher (poly)phenols doses. CONCLUSION This review suggests that age group, gender, the used phenolic compounds, their human bioavailability rate, and the supplementation dose as the primary moderator variables relating to the beneficial effects of (poly)phenol consumption on cognitive and brain function in humans. Therefore, it seems more advantageous to start anti-aging (poly)phenol interventions in adults earlier in life using medium (≈500 mg) to high doses (≈1000 mg) of phenolic compounds, with at least medium bioavailability rate (≥9%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Achraf Ammar
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-67-57395
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (O.B.); (H.C.)
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Omar Boukhris
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (O.B.); (H.C.)
- Activité Physique, Sport et Santé, UR18JS01, Observatoire National du Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
| | - Bassem Bouaziz
- Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Patrick Müller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jordan M. Glenn
- Department of Health, Exercise Science Research Center, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
- Neurotrack Technologies, 399 Bradford St, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Karim Chamari
- ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha PoBox 29222, Qatar;
- Laboratory “Sport Performance Optimization”, (CNMSS), ISSEP Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Manouba 1004, Tunisia
| | - Notger Müller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (O.B.); (H.C.)
- Activité Physique, Sport et Santé, UR18JS01, Observatoire National du Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
| | - Tarak Driss
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2-2APS), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Anita Hökelmann
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany;
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Polyphenols and Other Bioactive Compounds of Sideritis Plants and Their Potential Biological Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163763. [PMID: 32824863 PMCID: PMC7464829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the growing problem of obesity associated with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, causes of obesity are extensively investigated. In addition to a high caloric diet and low physical activity, gut microbiota disturbance may have a potential impact on excessive weight gain. Some reports indicate differences in the composition of the intestinal microflora of obese people in comparison to lean. Bioactive compounds of natural origin with beneficial and multifaceted effects on the body are more frequently used in prevention and treatment of many metabolic diseases including obesity. Sideritis scardica is traditionally consumed as mountain tea in the Balkans to strengthen the body and improve mood. Many reports indicate a positive effect on digestive system, weight loss, and prevention of insulin resistance. Additionally, it exhibits antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effects. The positive effect of Sideritis scardica extracts on memory and general cognitive abilities is indicated as well. The multilevel positive effect on the body appears to originate from the abundant occurrence of phenolic compounds, especially phenolic acids in Sideritis scardica extracts. However, mechanisms underlying their action require careful discussion and further research. Therefore, the objective of this review is to summarize the available knowledge on the role and mechanism of action of biologically active compounds of Sideritis scardica and other related species from the genus Sideritis.
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Jackson PA, Wightman EL, Veasey R, Forster J, Khan J, Saunders C, Mitchell S, Haskell-Ramsay CF, Kennedy DO. A Randomized, Crossover Study of the Acute Cognitive and Cerebral Blood Flow Effects of Phenolic, Nitrate and Botanical Beverages in Young, Healthy Humans. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082254. [PMID: 32731478 PMCID: PMC7468953 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In whole foods, polyphenols exist alongside a wide array of other potentially bioactive phytochemicals. Yet, investigations of the effects of combinations of polyphenols with other phytochemicals are limited. Objective: The current study investigated the effects of combining extracts of beetroot, ginseng and sage with phenolic-rich apple, blueberry and coffee berry extracts. Design: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design investigated three active beverages in 32 healthy adults aged 18–49 years. Each investigational beverage comprised extracts of beetroot, ginseng and sage. Each also contained a phenolic-rich extract derived from apple (containing 234 mg flavanols), blueberry (300 mg anthocyanins) or coffee berry (440 mg chlorogenic acid). Cognition, mood and CBF parameters were assessed at baseline and then again at 60, 180 and 360 min post-drink. Results: Robust effects on mood and CBF were seen for the apple and coffee berry beverages, with increased subjective energetic arousal and hemodynamic responses being observed. Fewer effects were seen with the blueberry extract beverage. Conclusions: Either the combination of beetroot, ginseng and sage was enhanced by the synergistic addition of the apple and coffee berry extract (and to a lesser extent the blueberry extract) or the former two phenolic-rich extracts were capable of evincing the robust mood and CBF effects alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa A. Jackson
- Brain Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (P.A.J.); (E.L.W.); (R.V.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (C.F.H.-R.)
| | - Emma L. Wightman
- Brain Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (P.A.J.); (E.L.W.); (R.V.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (C.F.H.-R.)
- NUTRAN, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Rachel Veasey
- Brain Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (P.A.J.); (E.L.W.); (R.V.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (C.F.H.-R.)
| | - Joanne Forster
- Brain Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (P.A.J.); (E.L.W.); (R.V.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (C.F.H.-R.)
| | - Julie Khan
- Brain Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (P.A.J.); (E.L.W.); (R.V.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (C.F.H.-R.)
| | - Caroline Saunders
- PepsiCo, Nutrition Sciences Global R&D, 700 Anderson Hill Rd, Purchase, NY 10577, USA; (C.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Siobhan Mitchell
- PepsiCo, Nutrition Sciences Global R&D, 700 Anderson Hill Rd, Purchase, NY 10577, USA; (C.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Crystal F. Haskell-Ramsay
- Brain Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (P.A.J.); (E.L.W.); (R.V.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (C.F.H.-R.)
| | - David O. Kennedy
- Brain Performance and Nutrition Research Centre, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (P.A.J.); (E.L.W.); (R.V.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (C.F.H.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)191-243-7720
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Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Interventions on Cognition and Brain Health in Healthy Young and Middle-Aged Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051598. [PMID: 32466148 PMCID: PMC7290428 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Context: Affecting older and even some younger adults, neurodegenerative disease represents a global public health concern and has been identified as a research priority. To date, most anti-aging interventions have examined older adults, but little is known about the effects of polyphenol interventions on brain-related aging processes in healthy young and middle-aged adults. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the acute and chronic effects of (poly)phenol-rich diet supplementation on cognitive function and brain health in young and middle-aged adults. In July 2019, two electronic databases (PubMed and Web of Science) were used to search for relevant trials examining the effect of acute or chronic (poly)phenol-rich supplementation on cognitive function and neuroprotective measures in young and middle-aged adults (<60 years old). A total of 4303 records were screened by two researchers using the PICOS criteria. Fifteen high quality (mean PEDro score = 8.8 ± 0.58) trials with 401 total participants were included in the final analyses. Information on treatment, study design, characteristics of participants, outcomes and used tools were extracted following PRISMA guidelines. When items were shown to be sufficiently comparable, a random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool estimates across studies. Effect size (ES) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. The meta-analysis indicated that (poly)phenol supplementation significantly increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (ES = 3.259, p = 0.033), which was accompanied by higher performance in serial (7s) subtraction (ES = 1.467, p = 0.001) and decreases in simple reaction time (ES = −0.926, p = 0.015) and mental fatigue (ES = −3.521, p = 0.010). Data related to cognitive function were skewed towards an effect from acute compared to chronic polyphenol intervention; data related to BDNF were skewed toward an effect from higher bioavailability phenolic components. Conclusion: This meta-analysis provides promising findings regarding the usefulness of polyphenol-rich intervention as an inexpensive approach for enhancing circulation of pro-cognitive neurotrophic factors. These beneficial effects appear to depend on the supplementation protocols. An early acute and/or chronic application of low- to high-dose phenolic components with high bioavailability rates (≥30%) at a younger age appear to provide more promising effects.
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Tomou EM, Chatziathanasiadou MV, Chatzopoulou P, Tzakos AG, Skaltsa H. NMR-Based Chemical Profiling, Isolation and Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Potential of the Diterpenoid Siderol from Cultivated Sideritis euboea Heldr. Molecules 2020; 25:E2382. [PMID: 32443927 PMCID: PMC7287962 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diterpenes are characteristic compounds from the genus Sideritis L., possessing an array of biological activities. Siderol is the main constituent of the ent-kaurene diterpenes in Sideritis species. In order to isolate the specific compound and evaluate for the first time its cytotoxic activity, we explored the dichloromethane extract of cultivated Sideritis euboea Heldr. To track the specific natural bioactive agent, we applied NMR spectroscopy to the crude plant extract, since NMR can serve as a powerful and rapid tool both to navigate the targeted isolation process of bioactive constituents, and to also reveal the identity of bioactive components. Along these lines, from the rapid 1D 1H NMR spectrum of the total crude plant extract, we were able to determine the characteristic proton NMR signals of siderol. Furthermore, with the same NMR spectrum, we were able to categorize several secondary metabolites into chemical groups as a control of the isolation process. Therefore, this non-polar extract was explored, for the first time, revealing eleven compounds-one fatty acid ester; 2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)ethylstearate (1), three phytosterols; β-sitosterol (2), stigmasterol (3), and campesterol (4); one triterpenoid; ursolic acid (5), four diterpenoids; siderol (6), eubol (7), eubotriol (8), 7-epicandicandiol (9) and two flavonoids; xanthomicrol (10) and penduletin (11). The main isolated constituent was siderol. The antiproliferative potential of siderol was evaluated, using the MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay, on three human cancer cell lines DLD1, HeLa, and A549, where the IC50 values were estimated at 26.4 ± 3.7, 44.7 ± 7.2, and 46.0 ± 4.9 μΜ, respectively. The most potent activity was recorded in the human colon cancer cell line DLD1, where siderol exhibited the lowest IC50. Our study unveiled the beneficial potential of siderol as a remarkable cytotoxic agent and the significant contribution of NMR spectroscopy towards the isolation and identification of this potent anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina-Michaela Tomou
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Maria V. Chatziathanasiadou
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Paschalina Chatzopoulou
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER, Institute of Breeding and Plant Genetic Resources, IBPGR, Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Andreas G. Tzakos
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Helen Skaltsa
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
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Lytra K, Tomou EM, Chrysargyris A, Drouza C, Skaltsa H, Tzortzakis N. Traditionally Used Sideritis cypria Post.: Phytochemistry, Nutritional Content, Bioactive Compounds of Cultivated Populations. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:650. [PMID: 32477129 PMCID: PMC7235332 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sideritis species are recognized as important medicinal plants and their commercial demand is continuously on the rise both in the European and in the global market. Consequently, the cultivation of Sideritis species has been occurred to successfully meet the need for mass production of high-quality plant material. The present study was undertaken in order to investigate the chemical composition of cultivated S. cypria. Infusions of flowers and leaves were prepared separately, according to the European Medicine Agency (EMA) monograph. The infusion of the flowers revealed the presence of four flavones, isoscutellarein-7-O-[6′″-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside, its 4′-O-methyl-derivative, 4′-O-methyl-hypolaetin-7-O-[6′″-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside, and isoscutellarein-7-O-[6′″-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-6″-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside; four phenylethanoid glucosides, acteoside, leucosceptoside A, lamalboside, and leonoside A; one iridoid, melittoside, and one phenolic acid, chlorogenic acid, while the infusion of the leaves of the same population afforded the same first two flavones; five phenylethanoid glucosides, acteoside, leucosceptoside A, lavandulifolioside, leonoside A, and lamalboside; melittoside and chlorogenic acid. The structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was undertaken by high-field NMR spectroscopy. Moreover, the essential oils of the flowers and leaves were studied by GC-MS, separately. In addition, the mineral, bioactive compounds, protein and carbohydrate contents were evaluated for both plant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystalia Lytra
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ekaterina-Michaela Tomou
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Chrysargyris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Chryssoula Drouza
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Helen Skaltsa
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tzortzakis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus
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Ammar A, Trabelsi K, Müller P, Bouaziz B, Boukhris O, Glenn JM, Bott N, Driss T, Chtourou H, Müller N, Hökelmann A. The Effect of (Poly)phenol-Rich Interventions on Cognitive Functions and Neuroprotective Measures in Healthy Aging Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030835. [PMID: 32204500 PMCID: PMC7141326 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: As the food industry is continually involved in the development of new attractive alternative therapeutic agents, the evaluation of the beneficial impact of (poly)phenols on cognitive and brain function during aging has gained increasing interest. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the acute and chronic effects of (poly)phenol-rich diet supplementation on cognitive function and brain health in aging adults. Data Sources: PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) published from inception to July 2019. Study Selection: Two researchers independently screened 4303 records, using the PICOS criteria: Participants were aging adults; Intervention was based on acute and/or chronic (poly)phenols-rich supplementation; Comparator was any comparator; Outcomes included cognitive function and neuroprotective measures; and Study design was RCTs. A third researcher was consulted when discrepancies arose. Fifteen high-quality (mean PEDro score = 8.8 ± 0.56) RCTs (total participants: 918 healthy older adults) were included in the final sample. Data Extraction: Information on study design, employed treatment, characteristics of participants, outcomes, and the correspondent assessing methods were extracted. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Data Analysis and Results: A random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool estimates across studies. Effect size (ES) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. Pooled results yielded a trivial ES (−0.2 to 0.03) for brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neuroinflammatory parameters and small (0.36) to moderate (0.82) ES for executive functions. Conclusion: This meta-analysis failed to provide evidence regarding the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect of (poly)phenols supplementation in aging adults. However, findings from individual studies, included in this systematic review, suggest polyphenol-rich supplementation may improve some cognitive and brain functions in older adults. The beneficial effect of polyphenols seems to depend on ingested dose and bioavailability. Results suggest at least an intermediate dose (≥500 mg), and intermediate (≈9%) to high (43%) bioavailability rates are needed to cross the brain blood barrier and to exert a significant effect on cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achraf Ammar
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-391-67-57395
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- UR15JS01: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health (EM2S), High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (O.B.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Patrick Müller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bassem Bouaziz
- Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Omar Boukhris
- UR15JS01: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health (EM2S), High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (K.T.); (O.B.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Jordan M Glenn
- Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
- Neurotrack Technologies, 399 Bradford St, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA;
| | - Nick Bott
- Neurotrack Technologies, 399 Bradford St, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA;
- Clinical Excellence Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tarak Driss
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2-2APS), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia;
| | - Notger Müller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (P.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Anita Hökelmann
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany;
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Georgiev YN, Ognyanov MH, Denev PN. The ancient Thracian endemic plant Haberlea rhodopensis Friv. and related species: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 249:112359. [PMID: 31676402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Haberlea rhodopensis (HR) use dates back to the Thracian and Roman periods. Bulgarians call it Orpheus flower and exploit its leaves for making tea and extracts with detoxifying, tonic, restorative and rejuvenating effects. HR was traditionally applied in wound healing and treatment of cattle diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY The general aim of the review was to analyze the progress of phytochemical and pharmacological studies on HR, focusing on its radioprotective and immunomodulating effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS The main source material for the review was collected using several global search engines with the phrase: Haberlea rhodopensis, as well as Bulgarian books and dissertations. RESULTS HR metabolite profile includes large amounts of free sugars, polyols, polysaccharides (PS), flavonoids, phenolic acids and carotenoids. The radioprotective effect of 70% ethanolic leaf extract (70HREE) is explained by preservation of lymphocytes, other blood cells and testicular tissue from aberration under γ-radiation via stimulation of antioxidant enzymes and neutralization of free radicals. The extract immunomodulating activity results from raised antibody response, stem and neutrophil cell count, complement system activation, anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory effects. The detoxifying, restorative, rejuvenating and wound healing plant properties known to ethnomedicine were supported by radioprotective and immunomodulating studies. CONCLUSIONS Metabolites of phenolic origin involved in HR resurrection are supposed to contribute to its radioprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-mutagenic and anti-aging effects. However, there is no chemical characterization of 70HREE in the investigations with humans and animals. Structure-activity relationship studies on HR immunomodulating and radioprotective compounds, and on their mode of action are required. They should include not only phenols but PS and other unexplored molecules. The metabolic activity of phagocytes, platelets and lymphocytes triggered by HR extracts has to be examined to elucidate their immunostimulatory potential. HR formulations can be tested in cosmetic, food and medical products as adjuvants to treat infectious, chronic inflammatory and tumour diseases, and especially in patients undergoing radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yordan Nikolaev Georgiev
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
| | - Manol Hristov Ognyanov
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
| | - Petko Nedyalkov Denev
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
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