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Gutiérrez-Cuevas J, López-Cifuentes D, Sandoval-Rodriguez A, García-Bañuelos J, Armendariz-Borunda J. Medicinal Plant Extracts against Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Associated with Obesity: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:967. [PMID: 39065815 PMCID: PMC11280341 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has increasingly become a worldwide epidemic, as demonstrated by epidemiological and clinical studies. Obesity may lead to the development of a broad spectrum of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. In addition to hypertension, there are other cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs) such as visceral adiposity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, diabetes, elevated levels of fibrinogen and C-reactive protein, and others, all of which increase the risk of CVD events. The mechanisms involved between obesity and CVD mainly include insulin resistance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and adipokine dysregulation, which cause maladaptive structural and functional alterations of the heart, particularly left-ventricular remodeling and diastolic dysfunction. Natural products of plants provide a diversity of nutrients and different bioactive compounds, including phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, vitamins, minerals, fibers, and others, which possess a wide range of biological activities including antihypertensive, antilipidemic, antidiabetic, and other activities, thus conferring cardiometabolic benefits. In this review, we discuss the main therapeutic interventions using extracts from herbs and plants in preclinical and clinical trials with protective properties targeting CRFs. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets of herb and plant extracts for the prevention and treatment of CRFs are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gutiérrez-Cuevas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.L.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.A.-B.)
| | - Daniel López-Cifuentes
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.L.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.A.-B.)
- Doctorate in Sciences in Molecular Biology in Medicine, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ana Sandoval-Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.L.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.A.-B.)
| | - Jesús García-Bañuelos
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.L.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.A.-B.)
| | - Juan Armendariz-Borunda
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.L.-C.); (A.S.-R.); (J.A.-B.)
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud (EMCS), Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara, Zapopan 45201, Jalisco, Mexico
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González I, Lindner C, Schneider I, Diaz E, Morales MA, Rojas A. Emerging and multifaceted potential contributions of polyphenols in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:154-169. [PMID: 38464365 PMCID: PMC10921170 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i2.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is recognized as a serious public health concern with a considerable impact on human life, long-term health expenditures, and substantial health losses. In this context, the use of dietary polyphenols to prevent and manage T2DM is widely documented. These dietary compounds exert their beneficial effects through several actions, including the protection of pancreatic islet β-cell, the antioxidant capacities of these molecules, their effects on insulin secretion and actions, the regulation of intestinal microbiota, and their contribution to ameliorate diabetic complications, particularly those of vascular origin. In the present review, we intend to highlight these multifaceted actions and the molecular mechanisms by which these plant-derived secondary metabolites exert their beneficial effects on type 2 diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana González
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Cristian Lindner
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Ivan Schneider
- Centre of Primary Attention, South Metropolitan Health Service, Santiago 3830000, Chile
| | - Erik Diaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Miguel Angel Morales
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Armando Rojas
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
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Mamun MAA, Rakib A, Mandal M, Kumar S, Singla B, Singh UP. Polyphenols: Role in Modulating Immune Function and Obesity. Biomolecules 2024; 14:221. [PMID: 38397458 PMCID: PMC10887194 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, long-used components of medicinal plants, have drawn great interest in recent years as potential therapeutic agents because of their safety, efficacy, and wide range of biological effects. Approximately 75% of the world's population still use plant-based medicinal compounds, indicating the ongoing significance of phytochemicals for human health. This study emphasizes the growing body of research investigating the anti-adipogenic and anti-obesity functions of polyphenols. The functions of polyphenols, including phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, and phenolic acids, are distinct due to changes in chemical diversity and structural characteristics. This review methodically investigates the mechanisms by which naturally occurring polyphenols mediate obesity and metabolic function in immunomodulation. To this end, hormonal control of hunger has the potential to inhibit pro-obesity enzymes such as pancreatic lipase, the promotion of energy expenditure, and the modulation of adipocytokine production. Specifically, polyphenols affect insulin, a hormone that is essential for regulating blood sugar, and they also play a role, in part, in a complex web of factors that affect the progression of obesity. This review also explores the immunomodulatory properties of polyphenols, providing insight into their ability to improve immune function and the effects of polyphenols on gut health, improving the number of commensal bacteria, cytokine production suppression, and immune cell mediation, including natural killer cells and macrophages. Taken together, continuous studies are required to understand the prudent and precise mechanisms underlying polyphenols' therapeutic potential in obesity and immunomodulation. In the interim, this review emphasizes a holistic approach to health and promotes the consumption of a wide range of foods and drinks high in polyphenols. This review lays the groundwork for future developments, indicating that the components of polyphenols and their derivatives may provide the answer to urgent worldwide health issues. This compilation of the body of knowledge paves the way for future discoveries in the global treatment of pressing health concerns in obesity and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Udai P. Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (M.A.A.M.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (S.K.); (B.S.)
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Ye Y, Kawaguchi Y, Takeuchi A, Zhang N, Mori R, Mijiti M, Banno A, Okada T, Hiramatsu N, Nagaoka S. Rose polyphenols exert antiobesity effect in high-fat-induced obese mice by regulating lipogenic gene expression. Nutr Res 2023; 119:76-89. [PMID: 37757642 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Obesity presents a major risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Recent reports indicate that many kinds of polyphenols have the potential to prevent metabolic diseases. We hypothesized that rose polyphenols (ROSE) have the effect of improvement in lipid metabolism. In this study, we investigated whether rose polyphenols affected lipid metabolism and exerted antiobesity. To clarify the mechanism, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet containing 0.25% ROSE for 35 days. Compared with the control group, body weight gain and adipose tissue weight in the 0.25% ROSE group were significantly decreased. Serum cholesterol and hepatic triglyceride concentrations significantly decreased, whereas fecal triglyceride was significantly increased in the 0.25% ROSE group. Liver stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (Hmgcr), and acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (Acat1) mRNA as well as protein stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 concentrations were significantly lower in the 0.25% ROSE group than that in the control group. The mRNA and the protein concentrations of adipose triglyceride lipase, hormone-sensitive lipase, and peroxisomal acylcoenzyme A oxidase 1 in white adipose tissue were significantly higher in the 0.25% ROSE group than that in the control group. The components in rose polyphenols were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and we consider that ellagic acid plays an important role in an antiobesity effect because the ellagic acid content is the highest among polyphenols in rose polyphenols. In summary, rose polyphenols exhibit antiobesity effects by influencing lipid metabolism-related genes and proteins to promote lipolysis and suppress lipid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Ye
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Department of Applied Life Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yuya Kawaguchi
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Department of Applied Life Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Asahi Takeuchi
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Department of Applied Life Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Ni Zhang
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Department of Applied Life Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Mori
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Department of Applied Life Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Maihemuti Mijiti
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Department of Applied Life Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Arata Banno
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Department of Applied Life Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | | | | | - Satoshi Nagaoka
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Department of Applied Life Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
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Insights on Dietary Polyphenols as Agents against Metabolic Disorders: Obesity as a Target Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020416. [PMID: 36829976 PMCID: PMC9952395 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a condition that leads to increased health problems associated with metabolic disorders. Synthetic drugs are available for obesity treatment, but some of these compounds have demonstrated considerable side effects that limit their use. Polyphenols are vital phytonutrients of plant origin that can be incorporated as functional food ingredients. This review presents recent developments in dietary polyphenols as anti-obesity agents. Evidence supporting the potential application of food-derived polyphenols as agents against obesity has been summarized. Literature evidence supports the effectiveness of plant polyphenols against obesity. The anti-obesity mechanisms of polyphenols have been explained by their potential to inhibit obesity-related digestive enzymes, modulate neurohormones/peptides involved in food intake, and their ability to improve the growth of beneficial gut microbes while inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic ones. Metabolism of polyphenols by gut microbes produces different metabolites with enhanced biological properties. Thus, research demonstrates that dietary polyphenols can offer a novel path to developing functional foods for treating obesity. Upcoming investigations need to explore novel techniques, such as nanocarriers, to improve the content of polyphenols in foods and their delivery and bioavailability at the target sites in the body.
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Olive Leaves Extract and Oleuropein Improve Insulin Sensitivity in 3T3-L1 Cells and in High-Fat Diet-Treated Rats via PI3K/AkT Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:6828230. [PMID: 36647430 PMCID: PMC9840553 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6828230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Olive leaves extracts are known to exert potential pharmacological activities especially, antidiabetic and antiobesity. This study explores the anti-insulin resistant effect of olive leaves extracts and oleuropein in 3 T3-L1 cells and in high-fat diet fed rats. Our results showed that ethanol extract (EE) suppressed significantly (P < 0.01) triacylglycerol accumulation. In preadipocytes cells, EE 1/100 decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis. Real-time PCR analysis showed that EE reduced the mRNA levels of adipogenesis (CEBP-α, PPARγ, SREBP-1c, and FAS) and proinflammatory (TNF-α and IL-6) genes. Moreover, the cotreatment of EE 1/1000 or oleuropein with insulin increased considerably the expression of p-IRS, p85-pI3K, and p-AKT. In vivo model, the oral administration of oleuropein at 50 mg/kg in rats fed with high fat diet for 8 weeks reduced inflammation in liver and adipose tissues (WAT), improved glucose intolerance, and decreased hyperinsulinemia. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression level of p-Akt, IRS1, and Glut-4 were significantly enhanced in liver and WAT tissues after oleuropein supplementation comparing with that in HFD group. Additionally, the expression of IRS1 was markedly ameliorated in pancreas. Our obtained results can be adopted as an approach to used olive leaves as complement to prevent insulin-resistance disease.
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Guardiola-Márquez CE, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. Potential of enhancing anti-obesogenic agriceuticals by applying sustainable fertilizers during plant cultivation. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1034521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are two of the world's biggest health problems. They are associated with excessive fat accumulation resulting from an imbalance between energy consumed and energy expended. Conventional therapies for obesity commonly include synthetic drugs and surgical procedures that can lead to serious side effects. Therefore, developing effective, safe, and readily available new treatments to prevent and treat obesity is highly relevant. Many plant extracts have shown anti-obesogenic potential. These plant extracts are composed of different agriceuticals such as fibers, phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, alkaloids, lignans, and proteins that can manage obesity by suppressing appetite, inhibiting digestive enzymes, reducing adipogenesis and lipogenesis, promoting lipolysis and thermogenesis, modulating gut microbiota and suppressing obesity-induced inflammation. These anti-obesogenic agriceuticals can be enhanced in plants during their cultivation by applying sustainable fertilization strategies, improving their capacity to fight the obesity pandemic. Biofertilization and nanofertilization are considered efficient, eco-friendly, and cost-effective strategies to enhance plant growth and development and increase the content of nutrients and bioactive compounds, representing an alternative to overproducing the anti-obesogenic agriceuticals of interest. However, further research is required to study the impact of anti-obesogenic plant species grown using these agricultural practices. This review presents the current scenario of overweight and obesity; recent research work describing different plant species with significant effects against obesity; and several reports exhibiting the potential of the biofertilization and nanofertilization practices to enhance the concentrations of bioactive molecules of anti-obesogenic plant species.
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Ning C, Jiao Y, Wang J, Li W, Zhou J, Lee YC, Ma DL, Leung CH, Zhu R, David Wang HM. Recent advances in the managements of type 2 diabetes mellitus and natural hypoglycemic substances. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Reyzov M, Eftimov M, Gancheva S, Todorova M, Zhelyazkova-Savova M, Tzaneva M, Valcheva-Kuzmanova S. Effect of Aronia melanocarpa fruit juice on glucose tolerance, lipid metabolism, and obesity in a rat model of metabolic syndrome. ACTA ALIMENTARIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1556/066.2022.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a serious health condition. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of polyphenol-rich Aronia melanocarpa fruit juice (AMFJ) on glucose tolerance, triglyceride levels, and adipose tissue in rats with MS induced by high-fat high-fructose (HFHF) diet. Fifty rats were allocated in 5 groups: control, MS, MS+AMFJ2.5, MS+AMFJ5, and MS+AMFJ10. In the course of 10 weeks, the control group was on a regular rat diet while the other groups received HFHF diet. During the experiment, control and MS groups were treated daily orally with distilled water (10.0 mL kg−1) and the other three groups – with AMFJ at doses of 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mL kg−1, respectively. In MS rats, glucose intolerance, hypertriglyceridemia, visceral obesity, and increased adipocyte size were observed. In AMFJ-treated groups, the serum glucose and triglycerides, as well as visceral fat and adipocyte size decreased significantly and did not differ from those of the control group. AMFJ at doses 2.5 and 5.0 mL kg−1 showed an anti-apoptotic activity in adipocytes, while at the dose of 10 mL kg−1 a pro-apoptotic effect was detected. In conclusion, AMFJ could antagonise most of the negative consequences of HFHF diet on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in a rat MS model.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Reyzov
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, Marin Drinov 55, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - M. Eftimov
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, Marin Drinov 55, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - S. Gancheva
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, Marin Drinov 55, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - M. Todorova
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, Marin Drinov 55, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - M. Zhelyazkova-Savova
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, Marin Drinov 55, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - M. Tzaneva
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, Hristo Smirnenski 1, 9010 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - S. Valcheva-Kuzmanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, Marin Drinov 55, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
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Verma P, Joshi BC, Bairy PS. A Comprehensive Review on Anti-obesity Potential of Medicinal Plants and their Bioactive Compounds. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083808666220211162540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Obesity is a complex health and global epidemic issue. It is an increasing global health challenge covering significant social and economic costs. Abnormal accumulation of fat in the body may increase the health risks including diabetes, hypertension, osteoarthritis, sleep apnea, cardiovascular diseases, stroke and cancer. Synthetic drugs available on the market reported to have several side effects. Therefore, the management of obesity got to involve the traditional use of medicinal plants which helps to search the new therapeutic targets and supports the research and development of anti-obesity drugs.
Objective:
This review aim to update the data and provide a comprehensive report of currently available knowledge of medicinal plants and phyto-chemical constituents reported for their anti-obesity activity.
Methodology:
An electronic search of the periodical databases like Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Scielo, Niscair, ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Wiley, SciFinder and Google Scholar with information reported the period 1991-2019, was used to retrieve published data.
Results:
A comprehensive report of the present review manuscript is an attempt to list the medicinal plants with anti-obesity activity. The review focused on plant extracts, isolated chemical compounds with their mechanism of action and their preclinical experimental model, clinical studies for further scientific research.
Conclusion:
This review is the compilation of the medicinal plants and their constituents reported for the managements of obesity. The data will fascinate the researcher to initiate further research that may lead to the drug for the management of obesity and their associated secondary complications. Several herbal plants and their respective lead constituents were also screened by preclinical In-vitro and In-vivo, clinical trials and are effective in the treatment of obesity. Therefore, there is a need to develop and screen large number of plant extracts and this approach can surely be a driving force for the discovery of anti-obesity drugs from medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Verma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Balawala, Dehradun-248001, Uttarakhand (India)
| | - Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, Uttarakhand (India)
| | - Partha Sarathi Bairy
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Clement Town, Dehradun-248001, Uttarakhand (India)
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Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside from Aronia melanocarpa attenuates high-fat diet-induced obesity and inflammation via AMPK, STAT3, and NF-κB p65 signaling pathways in Sprague-Dawley rats. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Kan J, Hui Y, Xie W, Chen C, Liu Y, Jin C. Lily bulbs' polyphenols extract ameliorates oxidative stress and lipid accumulation in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:5038-5048. [PMID: 33570774 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyphenols have the potential to reduce the risk of many metabolic disorders. Lily bulbs are rich in polyphenols; however, their effects on lipid metabolism remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of lily bulbs' polyphenols (LBPs) on oxidative stress and lipid metabolism. RESULTS A total of 14 polyphenolic compounds in LBPs were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with diode-array detection mass spectrometry. Total phenolic compound in LBPs was 53.76 ± 1.12 g kg-1 dry weight. In cellular experiments, LBPs attenuated the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, impeded reactive oxygen species production, alleviated oxidative stress, and reduced lipid accumulation in oleic acid induced HepG2 cells. In in vivo studies, LBPs significantly inhibited body weight gain, reduced lipid levels in serum and liver, and improved oxidative damage in a dose-dependent manner in mice fed a high-fat diet. Moreover, LBPs ameliorated hepatic steatosis and suppressed the expression of hepatic-lipogenesis-related genes (SREBP-1c, FAS, ACC1, and SCD-1) and promoted lipolysis genes (SRB1 and HL) and lipid oxidation genes (PPARα and CPT-1) in mice fed a high-fat diet. CONCLUSION It was concluded that LBPs are a potential complementary therapeutic alternative in the development of functional foods to curb obesity and obesity-related diseases, such as metabolic syndrome. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Kan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yaoyao Hui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wangjing Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Cuicui Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - ChangHai Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Jiang H, Zhang W, Li X, Xu Y, Cao J, Jiang W. The anti-obesogenic effects of dietary berry fruits: A review. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110539. [PMID: 34399516 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity in the world is fearsomely climbing, which has brought about heavy threats on human health and economic development. For coping with this problem, researchers have looked at the profound potentials of natural products for resolving obesity because of their high efficiencies and few undesirable outcomes in the recent years. Berry fruits are huge reservoirs of bioactive components, and their anti-obesity potentials are arousing much interests. In this review, the current main strategies to manage obesity were summarized, including inhibiting appetite and lowering the food intake, improving energy expenditure and thermogenesis, suppressing absorption and digestion, reducing lipid synthesis and storage as well as modulating composition of gut microbiota. In addition, this review discussed the potentials of dietary berry fruits (blueberries, cranberries, raspberries, strawberries, mulberries, lingonberries, blackberries, black chokeberries, elderberries, bilberries, grape, blackcurrants, jaboticabas, red bayberries, sea-buckthorns, goldenberries and goji berries) to counteract obesity or obesity-associated complications based on recent animal experiments and human studies. Then, the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds present in berry fruits was discussed. On the other hand, several challenges including securing effective dosage, further understanding their interaction with human tissues, improving bioavailability and protection of functional ingredients during delivery should be taken into account and conquered in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wanli Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xiangxin Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jiankang Cao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Weibo Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Platonova EY, Shaposhnikov MV, Lee HY, Lee JH, Min KJ, Moskalev A. Black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) extracts in terms of geroprotector criteria. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Jurendić T, Ščetar M. Aronia melanocarpa Products and By-Products for Health and Nutrition: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071052. [PMID: 34209985 PMCID: PMC8300639 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to factors such as cultivar, fertilization, maturation or climate conditions, as well as the date of their harvest, chokeberries (Aronia melanocarpa) differ in their content of minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, fats, aroma compounds and especially polyphenols, substances exerting a beneficial impact on health. The total content of the most important ingredients, polyphenolic compounds, influence many proven chokeberry activities like antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, hypotensive, antiviral, anticancer, antiplatelet, antidiabetic and antiatherosclerotic, respectively. Polyphenolic compounds such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, procyanidins and phenolic acids in different rates and amounts are responsible for all mentioned activities. In the human body, they undergo different biotransformative processes strengthening their bioactivity inside and outside cells. The popularity of chokeberry has been significant lately because of its effects on human health and not just because of its nutritional value. The main interest in this review has been refocused on the chokeberry benefits to human health, nutritional contribution of its components, particularly polyphenolic compounds, and its physiological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Jurendić
- Bioquanta Ltd. for Research and Development, Trg Zlate Bartl 11/A, 48000 Koprivnica, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-48-863-467
| | - Mario Ščetar
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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16
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Choi Y, Kim DS, Lee MC, Park S, Lee JW, Om AS. Effects of Bacillus Subtilis-Fermented White Sword Bean Extract on Adipogenesis and Lipolysis of 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Foods 2021; 10:1423. [PMID: 34205436 PMCID: PMC8235212 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the adipogenesis and lipolysis effects of the Bacillus subtilis-fermented white sword bean extract (FWSBE) on 3T3-L1 adipocytes, we treated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes before and after differentiation with FWSBE and measured triglyceride, free glycerol, mRNA, and protein levels. First, FWSBE reduced the cell viability of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes under 1000 µg/mL conditions. Triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes was suppressed, and free glycerol content in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes was increased in the FWSBE treatment groups, indicating that FWSBE has anti-obesity effects. Further, FWSBE suppressed adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes by lowering the protein levels of C/EBPα, PPARγ, and FAS and increasing the level of pACC and pAMPK. Additionally, FWSBE promoted lipolysis in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes by increasing the transcription levels of Ppara, Acox, and Lcad and the protein levels of pHSL and ATGL. Thus, we suggest that FWSBE can be a potential dietary supplement because of its anti-obesity properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujeong Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (Y.C.); (D.-S.K.); (M.-C.L.); (S.P.); (J.-W.L.)
| | - Da-Som Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (Y.C.); (D.-S.K.); (M.-C.L.); (S.P.); (J.-W.L.)
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (Y.C.); (D.-S.K.); (M.-C.L.); (S.P.); (J.-W.L.)
| | - Seulgi Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (Y.C.); (D.-S.K.); (M.-C.L.); (S.P.); (J.-W.L.)
| | - Joo-Won Lee
- Department of Active Aging Industry, Division of Industrial Information Studies, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Ae-Son Om
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (Y.C.); (D.-S.K.); (M.-C.L.); (S.P.); (J.-W.L.)
- Department of Active Aging Industry, Division of Industrial Information Studies, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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17
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Chen C, Yang X, Liu S, Zhang M, Wang C, Xia X, Lou Y, Xu H. The effect of lipid metabolism regulator anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and C57BL/6 mice via activating AMPK signaling and gut microbiota. Food Funct 2021; 12:6254-6270. [PMID: 34114580 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00907a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated lipid metabolism regulation by anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa (AAM) in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and high fat diet (HFD) mice. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis identified the constituents of AAM, which decreased lipid content and inflammation in 3T3-L1 cells without cytotoxicity. Meanwhile, taking normal diet and orlistat mice as references, AAM supplementation improved blood lipid levels and adipocyte degeneration, promoted beneficial gut microbial growth, and maintained lipid metabolism in HFD mice. Furthermore, AAM activated the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, accompanied by the regulation of adipogenic transcription factors and their target genes in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our data demonstrated that AAM exhibits anti-adipogenic activities that were partially mediated by the AMPK pathway and gut microbiota regulation. This study provides new insight into the regulation of lipid metabolism by AAM and suggests that AAM has potential therapeutic effects on hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Chen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, Jilin, China.
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18
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Duarte L, Gasaly N, Poblete-Aro C, Uribe D, Echeverria F, Gotteland M, Garcia-Diaz DF. Polyphenols and their anti-obesity role mediated by the gut microbiota: a comprehensive review. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2021; 22:367-388. [PMID: 33387285 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-020-09622-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a global public health problem that results in chronic pathologies such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. The treatment approach based on energy restriction and promotion of physical activity is ineffective in the long term. Due to the high prevalence of this pathology, complementary treatments such as brown adipose tissue activation (BAT) and white adipose tissue browning (WAT) have been proposed. Dietary polyphenols are plant secondary metabolites that can stimulate browning and thermogenesis of adipose tissue. They have also been shown to prevent body weight gain, and decrease systemic inflammation produced by high-fat diets. Ingested dietary polyphenols that reach the colon are metabolized by the gut microbiota (GM), regulating its composition and generating a great array of metabolites. GM is involved in the production of short chain fatty acids and secondary bile salts that regulate energetic metabolism. The alteration in the composition of GM observed in metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes can be attenuated by polyphenols. Recent studies support the hypothesis that GM would mediate WAT browning and BAT thermogenesis activation induced by polyphenol administration. Together, these results indicate that GM in the presence of polyphenols plays a fundamental role in the control of obesity possible through BAT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lissette Duarte
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - Naschla Gasaly
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Poblete-Aro
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica, el Deporte y la Salud. Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigacion en Rehabilitacion y Salud CIRES, Universidad de las Americas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Denisse Uribe
- Escuela de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Echeverria
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martin Gotteland
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego F Garcia-Diaz
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile.
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Liu J, Cao J, Li Y, Guo F. Beneficial Flavonoid in Foods and Anti-obesity Effect. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1923730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaoxian Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fujiang Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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20
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Bradic J, Milosavljevic I, Bolevich S, Litvitskiy PF, Jeremic N, Bolevich S, Zivkovic V, Srejovic I, Jeremic J, Jovicic N, Mitrovic S, Jakovljevic V. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors attenuate cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats with diabetes mellitus type 2. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:575-584. [PMID: 33352623 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to assess and compare the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors, saxagliptin and sitagliptin, on metabolic control of disease and cardiac function in rats with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). This research would provide novel understanding into the potentially protective effects of DPP4 inhibitors in helping salvage of the heart exposed to ischaemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. Forty-eight Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups: CTRL, Control healthy group; T2DM, rats with T2DM; T2DM + Sit, rats with T2DM treated with 0.6 mg/kg of sitagliptin; T2DM + Sax, rats with T2DM treated with 0.45 mg/kg of saxagliptin for 3 weeks. At the end of the protocol, in vivo cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography, while in the blood samples glucose and insulin were determined. Additionally, ex vivo heart function was estimated on a model of I-R injury using Langendorff apparatus. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to determine the degree of myocardial apoptosis and necrosis, while DPP4 staining was performed to assess the cardiac DPP4 expression. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the post hoc Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons. Improved glycoregulation was noticed in rats that received DPP4 inhibitors compared to untreated diabetic rats (P < .05). Moreover, better in vivo systolic function was observed in rats treated with both DPP4 inhibitors as evidenced by an increase in fractional shortening when compared to T2DM (P < .05). Most parameters of cardiac function in treated rats remained unaltered during reperfusion, thus suggesting that both drugs protected myocardium during flow restoration. Better effects on coronary circulation were achieved after sitagliptin application. Additionally, both DPP4 inhibitors showed similar potential to attenuate cardiac necrosis and apoptosis. Saxagliptin and sitagliptin might be efficient in preserving myocardial function and morphology in ex vivo induced I-R cardiac injury in rats with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Bradic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Isidora Milosavljevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Stefani Bolevich
- Department of Pathophysiology, 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter F Litvitskiy
- Department of Pathophysiology, 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nevena Jeremic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sergey Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Zivkovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan Srejovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jovana Jeremic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Jovicic
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Slobodanka Mitrovic
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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21
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Natural Extracts from White Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Inhibit 3T3-L1 Adipocytes Differentiation. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app11010167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Recent studies have shown that the consumption of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) foods plays an essential role in the prevention and treatment of obesity. Methods: In this study, different natural extracts that include common bean polyphenol-rich extract (CBP), α-amylase inhibitor-rich extract (α-AIE), and non-starch polysaccharides-rich extract (NSP) were isolated. Their effects on 3T3-L1 adipocytes differentiation were evaluated, respectively. Results: The results showed that CPB reduced the lipid content in the mature adipocytes to 79.29% (150 μg/mL) and 35.13% (300 μg/mL), and α-AIE reduced it to 90.20% (2 mg/mL) and 68.28% (4 mg/mL), while NSP exhibited an auxo-action, suggesting that both CBP and a-AIE inhibited 3T3-L1 adipocytes differentiation. Additionally, CBP significantly suppressed (p < 0.05) the mRNA expression level and the protein expression level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), sterol-regulatory element binding proteins 1 c (SREBP-1c), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and fatty acid binding protein (ap2). Meanwhile, α-AIE only showed significant suppression effects on PPARγ, C/EBPα, and ap2 at the high dose of 4 mg/mL (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings indicate that CBP, from white common bean, might be the major component responsible for the inhibitory effects on adipocyte differentiation.
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Liu XT, Liu TT, Xu HL, Chen QX, Wang Q. Inhibitory kinetics and bioactivities of Nuciferine and Methyl Ganoderate on Mucor miehei lipase and 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1719-1728. [PMID: 32971170 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, inhibitory kinetics of Nuciferine and Methyl Ganoderate extrated from Lotus Leaves and Ganoderma lucidum on Mucor miehei Lipase were studied first. The molecular structure of Nuciferine and Methyl Ganoderate were determined. The inhibitory effects of two extracts on lipase were reversible, with the IC50 values of 0.194 and 0.332 mg/mL, respectively. The inhibition kinetic analysis by Lineweaver-Burk plots showed that they were a mixed-type inhibitor of lipase, with inhibition constants KI of 0.16 and 0.29 mg/mL, and KIS of 0.36 and 0.49 mg/mL, respectively. Results of spectral analysis showed that the UV absorption and the molecule fluorescence spectrum of the lipase hydrolyzate were significantly decreased after the inhibitor was added. The molecular docking further suggested that the interaction site between the active substance and inhibitor was located in an α-helix and a β-sheet of the lipase, and the lipase active site was interfered by the inhibitor near the cap structure. In addition, the proliferation and differentiation of 3 T3-L1 preadipocytes were inhibited by two extracts. Total triglycerides and cholesterol were significantly reduced in the cells. The results confirmed that Nuciferine and Methyl Ganoderate can be used as potential obesity treatment drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tian Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Tian-Tian Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hui-Long Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Qing-Xi Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Qin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Saadeldeen FS, Niu Y, Wang H, Zhou L, Meng L, Chen S, Sun-Waterhouse D, Waterhouse GIN, Liu Z, Kang W. Natural products: Regulating glucose metabolism and improving insulin resistance. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Nowicki M, Jodynis-Liebert J, Kurpik M, Ewertowska M, Adamska T, Oszmiański J, Kujawska M. Assessment of Hepatoprotective Effect of Chokeberry Juice in Rats Treated Chronically with Carbon Tetrachloride. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061268. [PMID: 32168847 PMCID: PMC7144002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the protective effects of chokeberry juice and silymarin against chemical-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Liver fibrosis was induced by CCl4 administered two days a week for six weeks. Two groups of rats were co-treated with chokeberry juice, 10 mL/kg/day. or silymarin as a positive control, 100 mg/kg/day for six weeks. Hepatic lipid peroxidation was suppressed by 50% and the activity of hepatic antioxidant enzymes was increased by 19%–173% in rats co-treated with CCl4 and substances tested as compared to rats administered CCl4 alone. Hepatic hydroxyproline was decreased by 24% only in rats treated with silymarin. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of fibrosis-related molecules, procollagen I, α-SMA, TIMP-1, TGFβ, and TNFα, which were significantly increased in the liver of CCl4-treated rats, were not modulated by substances tested. Histological evaluation revealed a slight protective effect of silymarin against fibrosis. However, in CCl4 + chokeberry-treated rats, the density of vacuolated hepatocytes was significantly lower than that in silymarin administered animals. Chokeberry juice did not demonstrate an antifibrotic effect in the applied experimental model of fibrosis, and the effect of the known antifibrotic agent, silymarin, was very limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznań, Poland; (H.P.-K.); (J.J.-L.); (M.K.); (M.E.); (T.A.)
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Jadwiga Jodynis-Liebert
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznań, Poland; (H.P.-K.); (J.J.-L.); (M.K.); (M.E.); (T.A.)
| | - Monika Kurpik
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznań, Poland; (H.P.-K.); (J.J.-L.); (M.K.); (M.E.); (T.A.)
| | - Małgorzata Ewertowska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznań, Poland; (H.P.-K.); (J.J.-L.); (M.K.); (M.E.); (T.A.)
| | - Teresa Adamska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznań, Poland; (H.P.-K.); (J.J.-L.); (M.K.); (M.E.); (T.A.)
| | - Jan Oszmiański
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Technology, Environmental and Life Science University, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Kujawska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznań, Poland; (H.P.-K.); (J.J.-L.); (M.K.); (M.E.); (T.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-847-20-81 (ext. 156)
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26
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Rajan L, Palaniswamy D, Mohankumar SK. Targeting obesity with plant-derived pancreatic lipase inhibitors: A comprehensive review. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104681. [PMID: 32045666 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is alarmingly increasing in the last few decades and leading to many serious public health concerns worldwide. The dysregulated lipid homeostasis due to various genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors is considered one of the critical putative pathways mediating obesity. Nonetheless, the scientific advancements unleashing the molecular dynamics of lipid metabolism have provided deeper insights on the emerging roles of lipid hydrolysing enzymes, including pancreatic lipase. It is hypothesized that inhibiting pancreatic lipase would prevent the breakdown of triglyceride and delays the absorption of fatty acids into the systemic circulation and adipocytes. Whilst, orlistat is the only conventional pancreatic lipase enzyme inhibitor available in clinics, identifying the safe clinical alternatives from plants to inhibit pancreatic lipase has been considered a significant advancement. Consequently, plants which have shown significant potential to combat obesity are now revisited for its abilities to inhibit pancreatic lipase. In this regard, our review surveyed the potential of medicinal plants and its phytoconstituents to inhibit pancreatic lipase and to elicit anti-obesity effects. Thus, the review collate and critically appraise the potential of medicinal plants and phyto-molecules inhibiting pancreatic lipase enzyme and consequently modulating triglyceride absorption in gut, and discuss its implications in the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logesh Rajan
- TIFAC CORE in Herbal Drugs, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Rockland's, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanabal Palaniswamy
- TIFAC CORE in Herbal Drugs, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Rockland's, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Mohankumar
- TIFAC CORE in Herbal Drugs, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Rockland's, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India.
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27
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Geddo F, Scandiffio R, Antoniotti S, Cottone E, Querio G, Maffei ME, Bovolin P, Gallo MP. PipeNig ®-FL, a Fluid Extract of Black Pepper ( Piper Nigrum L.) with a High Standardized Content of Trans-β-Caryophyllene, Reduces Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and Improves Glucose Uptake in C2C12 Myotubes. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112788. [PMID: 31731718 PMCID: PMC6893583 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trans-β-caryophyllene (BCP) is a natural sesquiterpene hydrocarbon with several important pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and cardioprotective functions. These properties are mainly due to its selective interaction with the peripherally expressed cannabinoid receptor 2. In addition, BCP activates peroxisome proliferated activator receptors α and γ and inhibits the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Given the growing scientific interest in BCP, the aim of our study was to investigate the metabolic effects of a black pepper extract (PipeNig®-FL), containing a high standardized content of BCP. In particular our interest was focused on its potential activity on lipid accumulation and glucose uptake. The extract PipeNig®-FL was chemically characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection (GC–FID), confirming a high content (814 mg/g) of BCP. Experiments were performed on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and on C2C12 myotubes. Lipid content following 3T3-L1 adipogenic differentiation was quantified with AdipoRed fluorescence staining. Glucose uptake and GLUT4 membrane translocation were studied in C2C12 myotubes with the fluorescent glucose analog 2-NBDG and by immunofluorescence analysis. Here we show that PipeNig®-FL reduces 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation. Moreover, acute exposure of C2C12 myotubes to PipeNig®-FL improves glucose uptake activity and GLUT4 migration. Taken together, these results reveal interesting and novel properties of BCP, suggesting potential applications in the prevention of lipid accumulation and in the improvement of glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Geddo
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy; (F.G.); (R.S.); (S.A.); (E.C.); (G.Q.); (P.B.)
| | - Rosaria Scandiffio
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy; (F.G.); (R.S.); (S.A.); (E.C.); (G.Q.); (P.B.)
| | - Susanna Antoniotti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy; (F.G.); (R.S.); (S.A.); (E.C.); (G.Q.); (P.B.)
| | - Erika Cottone
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy; (F.G.); (R.S.); (S.A.); (E.C.); (G.Q.); (P.B.)
| | - Giulia Querio
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy; (F.G.); (R.S.); (S.A.); (E.C.); (G.Q.); (P.B.)
| | - Massimo E. Maffei
- Plant Physiology Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Turin, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Bovolin
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy; (F.G.); (R.S.); (S.A.); (E.C.); (G.Q.); (P.B.)
| | - Maria Pia Gallo
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy; (F.G.); (R.S.); (S.A.); (E.C.); (G.Q.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-670-4671
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Jakovljevic V, Milic P, Bradic J, Jeremic J, Zivkovic V, Srejovic I, Nikolic Turnic T, Milosavljevic I, Jeremic N, Bolevich S, Labudovic Borovic M, Mitrovic M, Vucic V. Standardized Aronia melanocarpa Extract as Novel Supplement against Metabolic Syndrome: A Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 20:E6. [PMID: 30577476 PMCID: PMC6337203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to examine the effects of different dietary strategies, high-fat (HFd) or standard diet (Sd) alone or in combination with standardized oral supplementation (0.45 mL/kg/day) of Aronia melanocarpa extract (SAE) in rats with metabolic syndrome (MetS). SAE is an official product of pharmaceutical company Pharmanova (Belgrade, Serbia); however, the procedure for extraction was done by EU-Chem company (Belgrade, Serbia). Rats were divided randomly into six groups: control with Sd, control with Sd and SAE, MetS with HFd, MetS with HFd and SAE, MetS with Sd and MetS with Sd and SAE during 4 weeks. At the end of the 4-week protocol, cardiac function and liver morphology were assessed, while in the blood samples glucose, insulin, iron levels and systemic redox state were determined. Our results demonstrated that SAE had the ability to lower blood pressure and exert benefits on in vivo and ex vivo heart function. Moreover, SAE improved glucose tolerance, attenuated pathological liver alterations and oxidative stress present in MetS. Obtained beneficial effects of SAE were more prominent in combination with changing dietary habits. Promising potential of SAE supplementation alone or in combination with different dietary protocols in triggering cardioprotection should be further examined in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical, University IM Sechenov, Trubetskaya street 8, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Petar Milic
- Department of Pharmacy, High Medical School of Professional Studies in Cuprija, Lole Ribara 1/2, 35000 Cuprija, Serbia.
| | - Jovana Bradic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Jovana Jeremic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Vladimir Zivkovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Ivan Srejovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Tamara Nikolic Turnic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Isidora Milosavljevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Nevena Jeremic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Sergey Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical, University IM Sechenov, Trubetskaya street 8, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Milica Labudovic Borovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology "Aleksandar Dj. Kostic", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotic 8, 11000 Belgrad, Serbia.
| | | | - Vesna Vucic
- Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Tadeusa Koscuska 1, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia.
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