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Sanz-Martín D, Zurita-Ortega F, Melguizo-Ibáñez E, Alonso-Vargas JM, Caracuel-Cáliz R, Ubago-Jiménez JL. Physical Activity Time, Alcohol Consumption, Mediterranean Diet, and Anxiety in Education Science Students. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 14:87-102. [PMID: 38248126 PMCID: PMC10813882 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Student lifestyles change during university. This research aimed to classify university students according to their levels of physical activity, alcohol consumption, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and anxiety and studied the relationships between the variables using a multigroup equation model according to gender. The sample was composed of 549 participants (M = 23.06; S.D. = 6.22), of whom 409 were women and 140 were men. Validated and adapted instruments such as the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the PREDIMED Questionnaire, and the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test were used. The data revealed four clusters through Ward's method and the k-means method. Regarding the exploratory model, differences were found in the effects of the variables according to sex. In conclusion, alcohol consumption was positively associated with the Mediterranean diet, and physical activity was negatively associated with the Mediterranean diet and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sanz-Martín
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, 09003 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Félix Zurita-Ortega
- Department of Didactics Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Education Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.Z.-O.); (J.M.A.-V.); (J.L.U.-J.)
| | - Eduardo Melguizo-Ibáñez
- Department of Didactics Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Education Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.Z.-O.); (J.M.A.-V.); (J.L.U.-J.)
| | - José Manuel Alonso-Vargas
- Department of Didactics Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Education Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.Z.-O.); (J.M.A.-V.); (J.L.U.-J.)
| | - Rafael Caracuel-Cáliz
- Faculty of Education Science, Universidad Internacional de Valencia (VIU), 46002 Valencia, Spain;
| | - José Luis Ubago-Jiménez
- Department of Didactics Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Education Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.Z.-O.); (J.M.A.-V.); (J.L.U.-J.)
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Lo Moro G, Corezzi M, Bert F, Buda A, Gualano MR, Siliquini R. Mental health and adherence to Mediterranean diet among university students: an Italian cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:2451-2461. [PMID: 34519625 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1970567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is aimed to explore severe mental illness (SMI), mental well-being (MWB), and Mediterranean Diet adherence (MedDiet) among university students. PARTICIPANTS University students in Northern Italy (sample size = 502). METHODS Cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2019. The questionnaires included Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale for MWB, K6 for SMI, Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener for MedDiet. Multivariable regressions were mainly performed (p < .05 as significant). RESULTS MWB was high in 3.93% of the participants and low in 23.97%. SMI was probable in 21.87%. MedDiet adherence was high in 2.19% and low in 35.06%. Mainly, poor/very poor perceived health, Economics/Legal/Strategic Sciences courses, and not being on time with exams showed associations with both lower MWB and probable SMI. Gender and some lifestyle, dietary, and university factors predicted MedDiet. MWB and MedDiet were positively associated. CONCLUSIONS This study found high levels of mental issues and low MedDiet. Modifiable factors at university level should be investigated to design preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Lo Moro
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Michele Corezzi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessia Buda
- Degree Course in Dietistics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Siliquini
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Rojas-Navarrete J, Leal-Costa C, de La Morena Valenzuela G, Morales-Moreno I, Jiménez-Ruiz I, Echevarría-Pérez P. Validity and reliability of the measurement instrument of the nursing outcome health-related Physical Fitness (2004), proposed and transculturally adapted to the Spanish context. BMC Nurs 2022; 21:340. [PMID: 36463204 PMCID: PMC9719198 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-022-01121-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presently, physical inactivity is the main public health problem in many countries worldwide. Physical activity promotes the maintenance or improvement of one's physical condition. Physical fitness has been established as the main biological marker of the state of health of an individual, and therefore, there is a clear need to measure health-related physical fitness through the use of a reliable and valid instrument. This study is a continuation of the transcultural adaptation process and a new proposal of the nursing outcome Physical Fitness (2004), found in the 5th Edition of the Nursing Outcomes Classification. The objective of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the nursing outcome Health-Related Physical Fitness survey, proposed and transculturally adapted to the Spanish context. METHODS An instrumental study to validate the nursing outcome Physical Fitness (2004), from the 5th Edition of the Nursing Outcome Classification was carried out. It took place between the months of May, 2016 to May, 2017. On the first stage, the instrument proposed Health-Related Physical Fitness survey was administered to 160 adults who used the Health Services of Murcia, Spain by three independent evaluators. After 4 weeks, it was administered again to 33 participants to calculate the intra-rater reliability. Lastly, the SF-12v2 Health Survey was administered to obtain external evidence of validity. RESULTS The inter-rater reliability of the nursing outcome proposed obtained high values (between 0.91-0.99) in the evaluations performed by the three evaluators. As for the intra-rater reliability, high values were obtained (0.94-1), except for the item "balance", which was moderate (0.56). Lastly, a positive and statistically significant correlation (p < 0.05) was obtained between the Physical Component Summary, and the dimensions Physical Functioning and General Health from the SF-12v2 Health Survey, and the global score of the Health-Related Physical Fitness proposed instrument. CONCLUSIONS The validity and reliability results of the nursing outcome Health-Related Physical Fitness survey, proposed and transculturally adapted to the Spanish context, were adequate for its use by nurses with adults who use the Health Services of Murcia. However, this instrument must be analyzed with more diverse samples of health services users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rojas-Navarrete
- grid.411967.c0000 0001 2288 3068Doctoral Program in Health Sciences, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, RN Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - César Leal-Costa
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Isabel Morales-Moreno
- grid.411967.c0000 0001 2288 3068Faculty of Nursing, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ismael Jiménez-Ruiz
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Paloma Echevarría-Pérez
- grid.411967.c0000 0001 2288 3068Faculty of Nursing, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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García-Pérez L, Villodres GC, Muros JJ. Differences in healthy lifestyle habits in university students as a function of academic area. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022:6806167. [DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdac120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
It is known that the promotion and acquisition of healthy attitudes is a key factor depending on the academic training provided by the university studies on which students are enrolled.The aim of the present research is to analyse and compare lifestyle habits and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as a function of academic training.
Methods
A cross-sectional study with a volunteer convenience sample of 707 undergraduate participants aged (21.98 ± 3.50 years). Students were divided into four different groups according to their area of academic training. Socio-demographic variables, adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), physical activity (PA) engagement and HRQoL were recorded.
Results
PA and sport science students reported better scores in PA (6342.39 ± 2313.99 metabolic equivalents [METs]; P = 0.000), MD adherence (6.33 ± 2.69; P = 0.000) and HRQoL in physical and mental health (MH; 54.85 ± 9.18; 53.70 ± 13.6; P = 0.000). In contrast, non-health-related sciences (NHRS) students reported the lowest scores on assessed items. Students with a medium/high monthly salary reported better MD adherence (6.16 ± 3.07; P = 0.012). In addition, females reported better scores (6.41 ± 2.65; P = 0.000) than males. Further, males indicated better perceptions of MH (46.52 ± 18.84; P = 0.014). Moreover, university students with a high level of MD adherence were revealed to engage in more PA (5181.17 ± 2813.35 METs; P = 0.000) and have better HRQoL with regards to both physical (54.76 ± 8.84; P = 0.000) and MH (48.11 ± 16.73; P = 0.000).
Conclusions
Outcomes point to differences in MD adherence, PA and HRQoL according to academic training. NHRS students who did not know healthy habits reported lower scores for all studied items. This indicates the need for health interventions at universities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Pérez
- Department of Didactics of Corporal Expression, University of Granada , 18071 Granada , Spain
| | | | - José Joaquín Muros
- Department of Didactics of Corporal Expression, University of Granada , 18071 Granada , Spain
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The moderating role of physical fitness in the relationship between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and adiposity in schoolchildren. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18630. [PMID: 36329113 PMCID: PMC9633592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23092-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The mediating and moderating associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and handgrip strength on the association between dietary patterns and several health outcomes have been previously studied. For instance, handgrip strength has been found as a moderator of the relationship between excess weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in young adults. Similarly, CRF has been shown as a mediator of the association between diet and obesity in children. However, to our knowledge, the role of CRF and handgrip strength on the association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and adiposity is still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether CRF and handgrip strength moderate the association between SSB consumption and adiposity in a population-based sample of Spanish schoolchildren. This cross-sectional study involved 475 schoolchildren (52.0% girls), aged 8-12, from ten schools in Cuenca (Spain). Adiposity was determined as body fat (in kg), which was measured using a bioimpedance analysis system. Data on SSB consumption were gathered by using the Children's Eating Habits Questionnaire, which was completed by parents. The CRF level was determined by the 20-m Shuttle Run test and Nevill's curvilinear allometric model. Handgrip strength was determined using a digital dynamometer with adjustable grip. For each unit (in ml/kg/min) of CRF increased, the association between SSB consumption and adiposity was moderated (B = - 0.09, CI 95% - 0.14 to - 0.04). This significant moderation was also found for each 0.01 unit of increased normalized handgrip strength (B = - 0.07; CI 95% - 0.11 to - 0.02). Similarly, the Johnson-Neymann technique established three different regions. The first region shows that the association of SSB consumption on adiposity in participants who had levels of CRF < 43.4 ml/kg/min or handgrip strength < 0.34 was greater and statistically significant. The second region (43.4-57.4 ml/kg/min for CRF; 0.34-0.58 for normalized handgrip strength) depicted that the association between SSB consumption and adiposity was not statistically significant in those with a CRF level or normalized handgrip strength between the lower and upper thresholds. The third region was found at > 57.4 ml/kg/min (for CRF level) and > 0.58 (for normalized handgrip strength), indicating that the association between SSB consumption and adiposity was lower and statistically significant in children above these moderator values. Our results showed that certain levels of CRF and normalized handgrip strength moderate the association between SSB consumption and adiposity in a sample of Spanish schoolchildren. It might be possible that higher physical fitness level in childhood may contribute to reducing the association between SSB consumption and adiposity.
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Bizzozero-Peroni B, Brazo-Sayavera J, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Fernández-Rodríguez R, López-Gil JF, Díaz-Goñi V, Cavero-Redondo I, Mesas AE. High Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet is Associated with Higher Physical Fitness in Adults: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:2195-2206. [PMID: 36166848 PMCID: PMC9776663 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although prior research has synthesized the relationships between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and components of physical fitness (PF) in adults, they are limited and inconclusive. This study aimed to synthesize the associations between high (compared with low) MD adherence and PF levels with each of its components (cardiorespiratory, motor, and musculoskeletal) in adulthood. We conducted a systematic search in 5 databases from inception to January 2022. Observational studies and randomized controlled trials were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and effect sizes (Cohen d index) with their 95% CIs were calculated via a random effects model. A total of 30 studies were included (19 cross-sectional in young, middle-aged, and older adults; 10 prospective cohort in older adults; and 1 randomized controlled trial in young adults) involving 36,807 individuals (mean age range: 20.9-86.3 y). Pooled effect sizes showed a significant cross-sectional association between higher MD adherence scores (as a continuous variable) and overall PF (d = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.75; I2 = 91.0%, n = 6). The pooled ORs from cross-sectional data showed that high adherence to MD was associated with higher cardiorespiratory fitness (OR: 2.26; 95% CI: 2.06, 2.47; I2 = 0%, n = 4), musculoskeletal fitness (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.47; I2 = 61.4%, n = 13), and overall PF (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.68; I2 = 83.2%, n = 17) than low adherence to MD (reference category: 1). Pooled ORs from prospective cohort studies (3- to 12-y follow-up) showed that high adherence to MD was associated with higher musculoskeletal fitness (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.38; I2 = 0%, n = 4) and overall PF (OR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.26; I2 = 9.7%, n = 7) than low adherence to MD (reference category: 1). Conversely, no significant association was observed between MD and motor fitness. High adherence to MD was associated with higher PF levels, a crucial marker of health status throughout adulthood. This trial was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022308259.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain,Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay,Grupo de Investigación en Análisis del Rendimiento Humano, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
| | | | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | | | - José F López-Gil
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Valentina Díaz-Goñi
- Grupo de Investigación en Análisis del Rendimiento Humano, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay,Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Arthur E Mesas
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain,Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Ramón-Arbués E, Echániz-Serrano E, Martínez-Abadía B, Antón-Solanas I, Cobos-Rincón A, Santolalla-Arnedo I, Juárez-Vela R, Adam Jerue B. Predictors of the Quality of Life of University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191912043. [PMID: 36231345 PMCID: PMC9564890 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Quality of life (QOL) is a complex and multifaceted concept that has been used to study different aspects of people's lives, including physical and psychological wellbeing, financial independence, social relationships, personal beliefs and living situation. In this study, we aimed to assess the QOL of a group of Spanish university students and identify associated factors. METHOD We completed a cross-sectional study of the QOL of 868 university students using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. In addition, data regarding sociodemographic information and self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale), physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short version), diet (Spanish Index of Healthy Eating), alcohol consumption (CAGE questionnaire) and sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were collected. RESULTS A total of 66.2% of participants assessed their QOL positively, while 58.8% favorably evaluated their overall health. Students reported the highest scores for the physical health domain of QOL, whereas they gave the lowest scores for the psychological health domain. Age was inversely associated with QOL. Higher self-esteem and satisfaction with academic performance, as well as sleep and diet quality, were directly associated with higher QOL. The physical health domain of QOL was scored more highly by participants who had a healthy body weight or those who reported moderate levels of physical activity. Higher scores in the social relationships domain of QOL were directly linked to alcohol intake, smoking and low body weight in addition to being inversely associated with screen time. The psychological domain of QOL was lower for those who were overweight or lived alone. CONCLUSION Many sociodemographic, academic and behavioral variables are associated with university students' QOL. The present findings underscore the need to direct further initiatives toward identifying and overcoming barriers to increased QOL for university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Ramón-Arbués
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Saragossa, Spain
- H27_20D Transfercult, Investigation Group, Aragón, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Echániz-Serrano
- H27_20D Transfercult, Investigation Group, Aragón, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Zaragoza University, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.E.-S.); (R.J.-V.)
| | - Blanca Martínez-Abadía
- Occupational Health and Prevention Service of the Zaragoza City Council, 50003 Saragossa, Spain
| | | | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- GRUPAC, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Iván Santolalla-Arnedo
- GRUPAC, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- GRUPAC, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26004 Logroño, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.E.-S.); (R.J.-V.)
| | - Benjamin Adam Jerue
- Faculty of Communication and Social Sciences, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Saragossa, Spain
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Exploring the Correlation between Time Management, the Mediterranean Diet, and Physical Activity: A Comparative Study between Spanish and Romanian University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052554. [PMID: 35270247 PMCID: PMC8909744 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The investigation started from the premise that there are links between time management (TM), physical activity (PA), and the Mediterranean diet (MD). The aim of our study is to determine the correlation between the variables TM, the MD, and PA in Spanish and Romanian university students. METHODS The study was conducted on a group of 296 students (198 Romanian and 98 Spanish students between the ages of 23.44 ± 5.92 years, with 108 males and 188 females, where 171 were from the sports faculty and 125 were from the psychology faculty), using the Time Management Questionnaire (TMQ) to measure TM, the KIDMED test to measure MD, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) to measure PA. RESULTS The obtained results show that there are significant differences, regarding MD and PA, between the Romanian and Spanish respondents, between the respondents from the sports faculty and those from the psychology faculty, and between the female and male respondents. The TM variable did not show a significant difference depending on the country, faculty, or gender. There was only a significant relationship between the MD and the other two variables (TM and PA). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences were observed between the variables the MD and PA, but not TM, depending on the country, gender, and faculty. There was only a significant correlation between the MD and the other two variables (TM and PA). The results provided us with relevant data for the need for a TM protocol to improve the MD adherence and PA in university students.
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Rodríguez-Muñoz PM, Carmona-Torres JM, Rivera-Picón C, Morales-Cané I, Fabbian F, Manfredini R, Rodríguez-Borrego MA, López-Soto PJ. Risky Behaviours of Spanish University Students: Association with Mediterranean Diet, Sexual Attitude and Chronotype. Nutrients 2021; 13:4042. [PMID: 34836300 PMCID: PMC8620370 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common drugs that are consumed by young people are alcohol and tobacco, which are especially prevalent in universities. These risk behaviours can be determined by a series of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the consumption of alcohol and tobacco by Spanish university students and the relationship between the Mediterranean diet, sexual attitudes and opinions, and chronotype. A multicentre observational study enrolled 457 students from two public universities in Spain. The study period was from December 2017 to January 2018. The majority of the participants consumed alcohol (90.2%), tobacco consumption was low (27.2%), with a high percentage of students (78.6%) having a low dependence on nicotine. The surveyed students demonstrated a high adherence to the Mediterranean diet, which was shown to be associated with less risky alcohol consumption. The Mediterranean diet is a part of healthy lifestyle, and avoiding heavy drinking results in the intention to maintain such a lifestyle. In addition, unhealthy eating habits (skipping breakfast, eating sweets and pastries daily, and fast-food consumption) had a tendency to induce risky alcohol consumption. Therefore, to promote healthy lifestyle habits, it is considered important to establish programs that promote healthy diets in university settings and to evaluate them periodically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Manuel Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14005 Córdoba, Spain; (J.M.C.-T.); (I.M.-C.); (M.A.R.-B.); (P.J.L.-S.)
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14005 Córdoba, Spain; (J.M.C.-T.); (I.M.-C.); (M.A.R.-B.); (P.J.L.-S.)
- Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Cristina Rivera-Picón
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, 37002 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Ignacio Morales-Cané
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14005 Córdoba, Spain; (J.M.C.-T.); (I.M.-C.); (M.A.R.-B.); (P.J.L.-S.)
- Department of Nursing, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Fabio Fabbian
- Faculty of Medicine, Surgery and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Manfredini
- Faculty of Medicine, Surgery and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.F.); (R.M.)
| | - María Aurora Rodríguez-Borrego
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14005 Córdoba, Spain; (J.M.C.-T.); (I.M.-C.); (M.A.R.-B.); (P.J.L.-S.)
- Department of Nursing, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pablo Jesús López-Soto
- Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14005 Córdoba, Spain; (J.M.C.-T.); (I.M.-C.); (M.A.R.-B.); (P.J.L.-S.)
- Department of Nursing, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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Mediterranean Diet, Psychological Adjustment and Health Perception in University Students: The Mediating Effect of Healthy and Unhealthy Food Groups. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113769. [PMID: 34836022 PMCID: PMC8621952 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify the relationships between eating habits and psychological adjustment and health perception, and to analyze potential mediating role of healthy and unhealthy foods in the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and the psychological constructs and health perception. The sample was selected through stratified random cluster sampling and was composed of 788 university students. The participants responded to a MedDiet adherence screener and food consumption inventory to assess the eating habits, instruments measuring self-esteem, life satisfaction, curiosity and sense of coherence to assess the psychological adjustment, and single item measuring perceived health. The results revealed 41.9% of the participants had a high consumption of vegetables and 85.1% a low consumption of energy drinks, while 29.9% showed a high adherence to the MedDiet which was positively associated to each psychological variable and healthy foods and negatively with unhealthy foods. In conclusion, a higher adherence to the MedDiet, and the consumption of fruits and vegetables is related to higher psychological adjustment and health perception. However, the relationships between MedDiet and the psychological variables and health perception were fully or partially explained because of the consumption of healthy and unhealthy foods.
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Karam J, Bibiloni MDM, Serhan M, Tur JA. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet among Lebanese University Students. Nutrients 2021; 13:1264. [PMID: 33921397 PMCID: PMC8069129 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Scarce studies described eating habits and diet quality among university students in Lebanon. The aim of this study is to assess the rate of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) among Lebanese university students. A cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out on 525 students (53% men, 18-25 years old) from the University of Balamand, Lebanon. Adherence to the MedDiet was assessed using a validated 14-item MedDiet adherence score. Mean adherence to the MedDiet was 7.96 (standard deviation 2.2), and it was adequate in 59% of participants. Adherence to the MedDiet was higher in older students and nonsmokers. Legumes, vegetables, fruits, and nuts were consumed according to the MedDiet standards among a minimum of 48.4% and a maximum of 69.5% of participants. Chicken, turkey, or rabbit was preferred by 66.9% of participants instead of beef, pork, hamburgers, or sausages; however, just 56.2% of participants showed adequate intake of red meat, hamburger, or meat products. Only 28.8% of them referred to an adequate intake of fish or shellfish. Most of the participants (86.3%) used olive oil as the main added fat, and 67.2% reported a low intake of butter and derivatives. Sofrito was also very usual among participants (79.6%). Only half of the studied sample reported an adequate intake of sweet or carbonated beverages and commercial sweets or pastries. Among the assessed sample, half the participants showed adequate adherence to the MedDiet; however, the mean of adherence among the sample is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Karam
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, IDISBA & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (J.K.); (M.d.M.B.)
- Nutrition & Dietetics Department, Modern University for Business & Science, Damour 5660, Lebanon
| | - Maria del Mar Bibiloni
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, IDISBA & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (J.K.); (M.d.M.B.)
| | - Mireille Serhan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Balamand, Balamand Al Kurah 3843, Lebanon;
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, IDISBA & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (J.K.); (M.d.M.B.)
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