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Gurdiel-Álvarez F, Navarro-López V, Varela-Rodríguez S, Juárez-Vela R, Cobos-Rincón A, Sánchez-González JL. Transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy for central post-stroke pain: systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1345128. [PMID: 38419662 PMCID: PMC10899389 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1345128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although rare, central post-stroke pain remains one of the most refractory forms of neuropathic pain. It has been reported that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may be effective in these cases of pain. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of rTMS in patients with central post-stroke pain (CPSP). Methods We included randomized controlled trials or Controlled Trials published until October 3rd, 2022, which studied the effect of rTMS compared to placebo in CPSP. We included studies of adult patients (>18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of stroke, in which the intervention consisted of the application of rTMS to treat CSP. Results Nine studies were included in the qualitative analysis; 6 studies (4 RCT and 2 non-RCT), with 180 participants, were included in the quantitative analysis. A significant reduction in CPSP was found in favor of rTMS compared with sham, with a large effect size (SMD: -1.45; 95% CI: -1.87; -1.03; p < 0.001; I2: 58%). Conclusion The findings of the present systematic review with meta-analysis suggest that there is low quality evidence for the effectiveness of rTMS in reducing CPSP. Systematic review registration Identifier (CRD42022365655).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Gurdiel-Álvarez
- International Doctoral School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Pain, and Rehabilitation Research Group (NECODOR), Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Navarro-López
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Varela-Rodríguez
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Research Group GRUPAC, Logroño, Spain
| | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Research Group GRUPAC, Logroño, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Sánchez-González
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
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Ramón-Arbués E, Sagarra-Romero L, Echániz-Serrano E, Granada-López JM, Cobos-Rincón A, Juárez-Vela R, Navas-Echazarreta N, Antón-Solanas I. Health-related behaviors and symptoms of anxiety and depression in Spanish nursing students: an observational study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1265775. [PMID: 38179570 PMCID: PMC10764461 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1265775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Symptoms of anxiety and depression are prevalent among young adults and are a significant public health issue. College students are at a higher risk of experiencing poor mental health than other young people due to several factors, including moving away from home, financial pressures, heavy workload, poor time management skills, competitivity, new processes of socialization and insufficient coping mechanisms, among others. In addition, nursing students' mental and physical health may also be affected by unhealthy lifestyle habits and health-related behaviors. Aim To determine the prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety, and the association between these symptoms and health-related behaviors, in a population of Spanish student nurses. Methods Cross-sectional study on a sample of 339 nursing students. We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short form, the Spanish Healthy Eating Index and an "ad hoc" questionnaire for sociodemographic variables. The association between psychological symptoms and health-related behaviors was analyzed through binary logistic regression models. Results The prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety was 3.8% and 24.5%, respectively. Negative health-related behaviors were frequent, namely tobacco and alcohol consumption, suboptimal physical activity and diet. Moderate physical activity was associated with a lower probability of experiencing depressive symptoms. Symptoms of anxiety were related to a low level of physical activity, an unhealthy diet and alcohol consumption ≥2 times a week. Conclusion Student nurses could benefit from the implementation of both physical and mental health promotion initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Ramón-Arbués
- Universidad San Jorge, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zaragoza, Spain
- SAPIENF Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- GAIAS Research Group, University San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lucía Sagarra-Romero
- Universidad San Jorge, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zaragoza, Spain
- GAIAS Research Group, University San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Echániz-Serrano
- SAPIENF Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Manuel Granada-López
- SAPIENF Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain
| | - Noelia Navas-Echazarreta
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain
| | - Isabel Antón-Solanas
- SAPIENF Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zaragoza, Spain
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Antonio-Oriola R, Juárez-Vela R, Czapla M, Durante A, Di Nitto M, Benavent-Cervera JV, Saus-Ortega C, Navas-Echazarreta N, Cobos-Rincón A, Tejada-Garrido CI, Santolalla-Arnedo I, Gea-Caballero V. Spanish version of the Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale (HFSPS v.3) - psychometric properties. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1242057. [PMID: 38107264 PMCID: PMC10722411 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1242057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale (HFSPS) is an instrument that examine the existence and gravity of physical signs and symptoms in patients with heart failure, as well as early and subtle symptoms of HF that have clinical value, we aimed to translate and adapt the HFSPS from English to Spanish and evaluate the psychometric properties. Method HFSPS translation and back translation were carried out according to the method established by of Beaton et al. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to test the factor structures. To assess criterion-related validity, HFSPS factor scores were correlated with Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) scores using the Spearman correlation method. The reliability of the internal consistency of the HFSPS was determined by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the factor score determination coefficient. Results Data from 173 patients with a mean age of 80.7 years (SD 9.1), women (51.1%), were analyzed. The majority (74.7%) were NYHA class II/III. The confirmatory factor analysis of four factors after eliminating one item showed fit indices close to the recommended indices: χ2 = 169.237, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.920, TLI = 0.901, RMSEA = 0.057 and SRMR = 0.061. Regarding the validity related to the criterion, all the scores of the HFSPS dimensions were correlated with all the scores of the KCCQ dimensions and were statistically significant. The reliability of the HFSPS factors of the coefficient of determination obtained scores of 0.73 for the dyspnea factor and early and subtle and lower for edema and chest discomfort with fewer items. Cronbach's alpha was acceptable for three of the scales >0.71 and poor 0.52 for chest discomfort with two items. The internal consistency index based on the model was 0.850. Conclusion The Spanish version of the HFSPS is a valid and reliable instrument that that would be feasible to use in clinical and research setting to evaluate in the perception of symptoms in patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Antonio-Oriola
- Doctorate Program in Clinical and Community Nursing, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- Faculty ofHealth Sciences, GRUPAC Care Research Group, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Michal Czapla
- Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Angela Durante
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, Italia
| | - Marco Di Nitto
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - José Vicente Benavent-Cervera
- Faculty of Health Science, Research Group Community Health and Care, Valencia International University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Saus-Ortega
- Research Group in Art and Science in Care, Institute for Health Research La Fe (IISLAFE), University School of Nursing La Fe, València, Spain
| | | | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- Faculty ofHealth Sciences, GRUPAC Care Research Group, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Ivan Santolalla-Arnedo
- Faculty ofHealth Sciences, GRUPAC Care Research Group, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Vicente Gea-Caballero
- Faculty of Health Science, Research Group Community Health and Care, Valencia International University, Valencia, Spain
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López-García JC, González-Sanz A, Sutil-Rodríguez E, Saus-Ortega C, Ruiz de Viñaspre-Hernádez R, Juárez-Vela R, Gea-Caballero V, Sánchez-González JL, Tejada-Garrido CI, Cobos-Rincón A, Criado-Gutiérrez JM, Sancho-Sanchez C. Analysis of the Attitudes towards Sexuality in People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nurs Rep 2023; 13:1624-1634. [PMID: 37987413 PMCID: PMC10661252 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep13040134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The barriers faced by people with intellectual disabilities are many. One of the areas in which many problems have been identified is the sexual domain. This descriptive study aims to analyze the attitudes of the family environment, professional carers, and the general population toward their sexuality. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out between 2022 and 2023, using convenience sampling among family members and carers from different centers working with people with intellectual disabilities in Spain, and among the general population not related to people with intellectual disabilities. A total of 583 responses were received and significant differences were found for all variables, with the variables related to family or work proximity being those that provided the most significant and relevant results. It was observed that the male sex has a more paternalistic attitude and that in rural areas there is a more permissive attitude towards the sexuality of people with intellectual disabilities. People who work with people with disabilities have more positive attitudes towards this group, while direct relatives have more paternalistic attitudes. Nursing care in the community and specialized centers should be based on an adequate therapeutic relationship and personalized care.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Carlos López-García
- Doctoral Program in Health, Disability, Dependence, and Welfare, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain;
- Adscript Center of Zamora, School of Nursing, University of Salamanca, 37008 Zamora, Spain; (A.G.-S.); (E.S.-R.)
| | - Azucena González-Sanz
- Adscript Center of Zamora, School of Nursing, University of Salamanca, 37008 Zamora, Spain; (A.G.-S.); (E.S.-R.)
| | - Elena Sutil-Rodríguez
- Adscript Center of Zamora, School of Nursing, University of Salamanca, 37008 Zamora, Spain; (A.G.-S.); (E.S.-R.)
| | - Carlos Saus-Ortega
- Adscript Center of La FE, School of Nursing, University of Valencia, 46003 Valencia, Spain;
| | | | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (C.I.T.-G.); (A.C.-R.)
| | - Vicente Gea-Caballero
- Faculty of Health Sciences, International University of Valencia, 46003 Valencia, Spain;
| | | | | | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (C.I.T.-G.); (A.C.-R.)
| | | | - Consuelo Sancho-Sanchez
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain; (J.M.C.-G.); (C.S.-S.)
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Anguas-Gracia A, Antón-Solanas I, Echániz-Serrano E, Subirón-Valera AB, Rodríguez-Roca B, Juárez-Vela R, Satustegui-Dordá PJ, Fernández-Rodríguez MT, Gea-Caballero V, Tejada-Garrido CI, Cobos-Rincón A, Urcola-Pardo F. Quality of Life after Radical Prostatectomy: A Longitudinal Study. Nurs Rep 2023; 13:1051-1063. [PMID: 37606460 PMCID: PMC10443267 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep13030092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men with prostate cancer who undergo radical prostatectomy experience a decrease in quality of life, often related to sexual disfunction and urinary incontinence. Knowing and measuring the impact of radical prostatectomy on the individual's social, emotional, and family quality of life could help to plan and develop an appropriate, patient-centred therapeutic approach. AIM In this study, we aimed to evaluate changes in quality of life of patients with prostate cancer before and after radical prostatectomy. METHODS A longitudinal, observational study of 114 participants was conducted using the method of test-retest. Quality of life before and after radical prostatectomy was measured through the following self-administered questionnaires: (1) The EORTC QLQ-C30 in its Spanish version was used to assess the generic quality of life the participants; (2) the EORTC QLQ-PR25 in its Spanish version was used to assess the specific, health-related quality of life of prostate cancer patients. RESULTS A total of 114 men took part in this study. The results from the QLQ-C30 questionnaire indicated an improvement in the dimensions of emotional role and cognitive function, as well as in the symptoms of fatigue, pain, nausea and vomiting, insomnia, and loss of appetite, after surgery. Patients scored lower in the dimensions of role functioning, social function, and economic impact after radical prostatectomy. According to the results from the QLQ-PR25 questionnaire, 61.40% of the participants experienced sexual impotence and 26.31% suffered urinary incontinence after surgery. There were significant differences in some postsurgical outcomes between patients who had neurovascular bundles preserved and those who had not. CONCLUSIONS In-depth knowledge of, and measurement of changes in, quality of life after radical prostatectomy should allow for comprehensive, multidisciplinary, patient-centred care planning. Psychosocial assessment, both before and after surgery, is crucial in patients with prostate cancer. This study was prospectively registered with the CEIC-A on 2012-06-27, with registration number C.P.-C.I. PI12/0088.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Anguas-Gracia
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (I.A.-S.); (E.E.-S.); (A.B.S.-V.); (B.R.-R.); (P.J.S.-D.); (M.T.F.-R.); (F.U.-P.)
- SAPIENF Research Group (B53_23R), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Group in Care (GIIS081), Institute for Health Research Aragón, University Clinical Hospital Lozano Blesa, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel Antón-Solanas
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (I.A.-S.); (E.E.-S.); (A.B.S.-V.); (B.R.-R.); (P.J.S.-D.); (M.T.F.-R.); (F.U.-P.)
- SAPIENF Research Group (B53_23R), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Echániz-Serrano
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (I.A.-S.); (E.E.-S.); (A.B.S.-V.); (B.R.-R.); (P.J.S.-D.); (M.T.F.-R.); (F.U.-P.)
- SAPIENF Research Group (B53_23R), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Subirón-Valera
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (I.A.-S.); (E.E.-S.); (A.B.S.-V.); (B.R.-R.); (P.J.S.-D.); (M.T.F.-R.); (F.U.-P.)
- SAPIENF Research Group (B53_23R), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Group in Care (GIIS081), Institute for Health Research Aragón, University Clinical Hospital Lozano Blesa, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Beatriz Rodríguez-Roca
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (I.A.-S.); (E.E.-S.); (A.B.S.-V.); (B.R.-R.); (P.J.S.-D.); (M.T.F.-R.); (F.U.-P.)
- SAPIENF Research Group (B53_23R), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain; (C.I.T.-G.); (A.C.-R.)
- GRUPAC, Research Group in Care, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
- INCUisA Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Pedro José Satustegui-Dordá
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (I.A.-S.); (E.E.-S.); (A.B.S.-V.); (B.R.-R.); (P.J.S.-D.); (M.T.F.-R.); (F.U.-P.)
- SAPIENF Research Group (B53_23R), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Teresa Fernández-Rodríguez
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (I.A.-S.); (E.E.-S.); (A.B.S.-V.); (B.R.-R.); (P.J.S.-D.); (M.T.F.-R.); (F.U.-P.)
- SAPIENF Research Group (B53_23R), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Vicente Gea-Caballero
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencia International University, 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Community Health and Care Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Clara Isabel Tejada-Garrido
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain; (C.I.T.-G.); (A.C.-R.)
- GRUPAC, Research Group in Care, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
- INCUisA Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain; (C.I.T.-G.); (A.C.-R.)
- GRUPAC, Research Group in Care, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
- INCUisA Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Fernando Urcola-Pardo
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.A.-G.); (I.A.-S.); (E.E.-S.); (A.B.S.-V.); (B.R.-R.); (P.J.S.-D.); (M.T.F.-R.); (F.U.-P.)
- SAPIENF Research Group (B53_23R), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Granada-López JM, Ramón-Arbués E, Echániz-Serrano E, Juárez-Vela R, Cobos-Rincón A, Satústegui-Dordá PJ, Navas-Echazarreta N, Santolalla-Arnedo I, Nash M. Mental health knowledge and classroom experiences of school teachers in Aragon, Spain. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1171994. [PMID: 37441655 PMCID: PMC10335789 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1171994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Research shows that many mental disorders begin in childhood but are sometimes not diagnosed until later years. School-age children spend much of their time in schools and have daily interactions with school teachers. Aim Examine school teachers' experiences of mental disorders in school going children and adolescents and their associated mental health training needs. Method and sample A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with teachers in Infant-Primary and Secondary Education-Baccalaureate schools. Results A convenience sample of 685 teachers responded to the online survey. Participants worked in both urban and rural areas and in Infant-Primary and Secondary Education-Baccalaureate schools. Over half of participants reported classroom experiences of learner mental disorders such as ADHD, anxiety, conduct disorders or autism. Most participants acknowledged a training need, both in recognition of symptoms of mental disorders and in care resources and processes. However, 80% of respondents reported having not received any training in this regard. Participant preferences for training included face-to-face or hybrid - combined online learning. Participants also considered the management of their own mental health to be deficient, therefore any training should incorporate personal mental health awareness and self-help strategies. Conclusion In Aragón (Spain), teachers of children and adolescents with mental disorders, recognize a need for training in the identification of symptoms and other aspects of mental healthcare, such as availability and access to services. Protocols for early identification and referral would promote mentally healthy school environments and reduce stigma which could be a barrier to timely intervention. In addition, any training should include mental health self-care for teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Granada-López
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Group GIISA021, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Group SAPIENF (B53_23R), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Ramón-Arbués
- Research Group SAPIENF (B53_23R), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Echániz-Serrano
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Group SAPIENF (B53_23R), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain
| | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain
| | - Pedro José Satústegui-Dordá
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Group SAPIENF (B53_23R), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Noelia Navas-Echazarreta
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain
| | - Iván Santolalla-Arnedo
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain
| | - Michael Nash
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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7
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Ramón-Arbués E, Granada-López JM, Antón-Solanas I, Cobos-Rincón A, Rodríguez-Calvo A, Gea-Caballero V, Tejada-Garrido CI, Juárez-Vela R, Echániz-Serrano E. Factors related with nursing students' health literacy: a cross sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1053016. [PMID: 37275493 PMCID: PMC10234423 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1053016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nursing professionals have a crucial role in promoting health literacy in health services, so it is necessary to ensure health literacy skills in future health professionals. Objective The objective of the study was to examine the health literacy of nursing students and its associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on 460 nursing students. For data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire was obtained on sociodemographic characteristics, perception and health care, use of the health system and lifestyles. In addition, health literacy was assessed using the European Health Literacy Questionnaire. Results 6.1% of the participants had an inadequate level of health literacy and 36.5% problematic. The probability of having sufficient health literacy is directly associated with age; and inversely with smoking, prolonged screen time and living alone (p < 0.05). Conclusion A large percentage of nursing students need to improve their health literacy skills. It is necessary to integrate a greater number of contents in health literacy in the curriculum of nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Ramón-Arbués
- Faculty of Health Sciences, San Jorge University, Villanueva de Gállego, Spain
- SAPIENF Investigation Group, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Manuel Granada-López
- Department of Nursing and Physiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- GIISA021 Seguridad y Cuidados Investigation Group, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel Antón-Solanas
- SAPIENF Investigation Group, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Physiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Calvo
- Department of Anesthesia, Complex University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Vicente Gea-Caballero
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
- Community Health and Care Research Group, SALCOM, Valencia, Spain
| | - Clara Isabel Tejada-Garrido
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja, CIBIR, Logroño, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Echániz-Serrano
- SAPIENF Investigation Group, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Physiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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8
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Samper-Pardo M, León-Herrera S, Oliván-Blázquez B, Benedé-Azagra B, Magallón-Botaya R, Gómez-Soria I, Calatayud E, Aguilar-Latorre A, Méndez-López F, Pérez-Palomares S, Cobos-Rincón A, Valero-Errazu D, Sagarra-Romero L, Sánchez-Recio R. Development and Validation of a Mobile Application as an Adjuvant Treatment for People Diagnosed with Long COVID-19: Protocol for a Co-Creation Study of a Health Asset and an Analysis of Its Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:ijerph20010462. [PMID: 36612782 PMCID: PMC9819090 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the overall effectiveness and cost-efficiency of a mobile application (APP) as a community health asset (HA) with recommendations and recovery exercises created bearing in mind the main symptoms presented by patients in order to improve their quality of life, as well as other secondary variables, such as the number and severity of ongoing symptoms, physical and cognitive functions, affective state, and sleep quality. METHODS The first step was to design and develop the technologic community resource, the APP, following the steps involved in the process of recommending health assets (RHA). After this, a protocol of a randomised clinical trial for analysing its effectiveness and cost-efficiency as a HA was developed. The participants will be assigned to: (1st) usual treatment by the primary care practitioner (TAU), as a control group; and (2nd) TAU + use of the APP as a HA and adjuvant treatment in their recovery + three motivational interviews (MI), as an interventional group. An evaluation will be carried out at baseline with further assessments three and six months following the end of the intervention. DISCUSSION Although research and care for these patients are still in their initial stages, it is necessary to equip patients and health care practitioners with tools to assist in their recovery. Furthermore, enhanced motivation can be achieved through telerehabilitation (TR).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bárbara Oliván-Blázquez
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute for Health Research Aragon (IISAragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Belén Benedé-Azagra
- Institute for Health Research Aragon (IISAragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragones Group of Research in Primary Health Care (GAIAP), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosa Magallón-Botaya
- Department of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute for Health Research Aragon (IISAragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragones Group of Research in Primary Health Care (GAIAP), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel Gómez-Soria
- Institute for Health Research Aragon (IISAragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Estela Calatayud
- Institute for Health Research Aragon (IISAragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alejandra Aguilar-Latorre
- Institute for Health Research Aragon (IISAragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragones Group of Research in Primary Health Care (GAIAP), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fátima Méndez-López
- Institute for Health Research Aragon (IISAragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragones Group of Research in Primary Health Care (GAIAP), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sara Pérez-Palomares
- Institute for Health Research Aragon (IISAragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragones Group of Research in Primary Health Care (GAIAP), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- Department of Nursing, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Diana Valero-Errazu
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lucia Sagarra-Romero
- GAIAS Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University San Jorge, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Recio
- Institute for Health Research Aragon (IISAragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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9
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Garrote-Cámara ME, Gea-Caballero V, Sufrate-Sorzano T, Rubinat-Arnaldo E, Santos-Sánchez JÁ, Cobos-Rincón A, Santolalla-Arnedo I, Juárez-Vela R. Clinical and Sociodemographic Profile of Psychomotor Agitation in Mental Health Hospitalisation: A Multicentre Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15972. [PMID: 36498042 PMCID: PMC9735933 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Psychomotor agitation is characterised by an increase in psychomotor activity, restlessness and irritability. People with psychomotor agitation respond by over-reacting to both intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli, experiencing stress and/or altered cognition. The objective of this study is to assess the clinical and sociodemographic profile of psychomotor agitation in patients with severe mental disorders. The study was carried out in Spain by means of multicentre cross-sectional convenience sampling involving 140 patients who had been admitted to psychiatric hospital units and had experienced an episode of psychomotor agitation between 2018 and 2021.Corrigan's Agitated Behaviour Scale was used to assess psychomotor agitation. The results show that the predominant characteristic in psychomotor agitation is aggressiveness, which is also the most reported factor in patients with severe mental disorder. Patients who also have anxiety develop psychomotor agitation symptoms of moderate/severe intensity. The clinical and sociodemographic profile found in our study is consistent with other studies on the prevalence of psychomotor agitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Elena Garrote-Cámara
- Care and Health Research Group, Department in Nursing, University of La Rioja, C/Duquesa de la Victoria 88, 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Vicente Gea-Caballero
- Research Group on Community Health and Care, Faculty of Health Science, Valencia International University, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Sufrate-Sorzano
- Care and Health Research Group, Department in Nursing, University of La Rioja, C/Duquesa de la Victoria 88, 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Esther Rubinat-Arnaldo
- Society, Health, Education and Culture Study Group, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- Care and Health Research Group, Department in Nursing, University of La Rioja, C/Duquesa de la Victoria 88, 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Iván Santolalla-Arnedo
- Care and Health Research Group, Department in Nursing, University of La Rioja, C/Duquesa de la Victoria 88, 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- Care and Health Research Group, Department in Nursing, University of La Rioja, C/Duquesa de la Victoria 88, 26004 Logroño, Spain
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10
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Ramón-Arbués E, Echániz-Serrano E, Martínez-Abadía B, Antón-Solanas I, Cobos-Rincón A, Santolalla-Arnedo I, Juárez-Vela R, Adam Jerue B. Predictors of the Quality of Life of University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191912043. [PMID: 36231345 PMCID: PMC9564890 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Quality of life (QOL) is a complex and multifaceted concept that has been used to study different aspects of people's lives, including physical and psychological wellbeing, financial independence, social relationships, personal beliefs and living situation. In this study, we aimed to assess the QOL of a group of Spanish university students and identify associated factors. METHOD We completed a cross-sectional study of the QOL of 868 university students using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. In addition, data regarding sociodemographic information and self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale), physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short version), diet (Spanish Index of Healthy Eating), alcohol consumption (CAGE questionnaire) and sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were collected. RESULTS A total of 66.2% of participants assessed their QOL positively, while 58.8% favorably evaluated their overall health. Students reported the highest scores for the physical health domain of QOL, whereas they gave the lowest scores for the psychological health domain. Age was inversely associated with QOL. Higher self-esteem and satisfaction with academic performance, as well as sleep and diet quality, were directly associated with higher QOL. The physical health domain of QOL was scored more highly by participants who had a healthy body weight or those who reported moderate levels of physical activity. Higher scores in the social relationships domain of QOL were directly linked to alcohol intake, smoking and low body weight in addition to being inversely associated with screen time. The psychological domain of QOL was lower for those who were overweight or lived alone. CONCLUSION Many sociodemographic, academic and behavioral variables are associated with university students' QOL. The present findings underscore the need to direct further initiatives toward identifying and overcoming barriers to increased QOL for university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Ramón-Arbués
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Saragossa, Spain
- H27_20D Transfercult, Investigation Group, Aragón, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Echániz-Serrano
- H27_20D Transfercult, Investigation Group, Aragón, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Zaragoza University, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.E.-S.); (R.J.-V.)
| | - Blanca Martínez-Abadía
- Occupational Health and Prevention Service of the Zaragoza City Council, 50003 Saragossa, Spain
| | | | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- GRUPAC, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Iván Santolalla-Arnedo
- GRUPAC, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- GRUPAC, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26004 Logroño, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.E.-S.); (R.J.-V.)
| | - Benjamin Adam Jerue
- Faculty of Communication and Social Sciences, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Saragossa, Spain
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11
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Jorge-Samitier P, Juárez-Vela R, Santolalla-Arnedo I, Cobos-Rincón A, Santos-Sánchez JÁ, Gea-Caballero V, Satústegui-Dorda PJ, Anguas-Gracia A, Tejada-Garrido CI, Urcola-Pardo F, Fernández-Rodrigo MT. Clinical and Epidemiological Approach to Delirium in an Acute Care Unit: A Cross-Sectional Study. IJERPH 2022; 19:ijerph19159406. [PMID: 35954759 PMCID: PMC9368652 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
During hospital admissions, the union of various factors, those related to acute pathology, dependency conditions, cognitive impairment, change of habitual environment, and others, can cause delirium. Acute delirium in the elderly (ADE) occurs in around a third of patients over 70 years of age. The syndrome generates serious complications that increase hospital morbidity and mortality and a high cost for the health administration. This study aimed to determine the clinical and epidemiological profile of ADE in an internal medicine unit. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out using a convenience test. A total of 356 patients participated between September and November 2021. Sociodemographic variables, predisposing and precipitating factors of ADE, methods of action against ADE, and the impact on functional and cognitive deterioration were analyzed. A total of 35.1% of the patients developed ADE, mostly of the hyperactive type and of nocturnal appearance. ADE was mainly treated with psychoactive drugs and 22% required mechanical restraint, with non-pharmacological preventive strategies, support, and caregiver training being the main tools for controlling ADE during hospital admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Jorge-Samitier
- Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Avda. San Juan Bosco, 15, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- GRUPAC, Department in Nursing, University of La Rioja, C/Duquesa de la Victoria 88, 26004 Logroño, Spain; (R.J.-V.); (I.S.-A.); (C.I.T.-G.)
| | - Iván Santolalla-Arnedo
- GRUPAC, Department in Nursing, University of La Rioja, C/Duquesa de la Victoria 88, 26004 Logroño, Spain; (R.J.-V.); (I.S.-A.); (C.I.T.-G.)
| | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- GRUPAC, Department in Nursing, University of La Rioja, C/Duquesa de la Victoria 88, 26004 Logroño, Spain; (R.J.-V.); (I.S.-A.); (C.I.T.-G.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.-R.); (J.Á.S.-S.)
| | - José Ángel Santos-Sánchez
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Radiodiagnostic Unit, Castilla Leon Health Care Service (SACYL), University Hospital of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.C.-R.); (J.Á.S.-S.)
| | - Vicente Gea-Caballero
- Community Health and Care Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencia International University, 46003 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Pedro José Satústegui-Dorda
- Research Group Water and Environmental Health (B43_20R), Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral, s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (P.J.S.-D.); (A.A.-G.); (F.U.-P.); (M.T.F.-R.)
| | - Ana Anguas-Gracia
- Research Group Water and Environmental Health (B43_20R), Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral, s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (P.J.S.-D.); (A.A.-G.); (F.U.-P.); (M.T.F.-R.)
| | - Clara Isabel Tejada-Garrido
- GRUPAC, Department in Nursing, University of La Rioja, C/Duquesa de la Victoria 88, 26004 Logroño, Spain; (R.J.-V.); (I.S.-A.); (C.I.T.-G.)
| | - Fernando Urcola-Pardo
- Research Group Water and Environmental Health (B43_20R), Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral, s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (P.J.S.-D.); (A.A.-G.); (F.U.-P.); (M.T.F.-R.)
| | - María Teresa Fernández-Rodrigo
- Research Group Water and Environmental Health (B43_20R), Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral, s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (P.J.S.-D.); (A.A.-G.); (F.U.-P.); (M.T.F.-R.)
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12
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Calderón-Moreno J, Juárez-Vela R, Delgado-Rodríguez MJ, Quintana-Díaz M, Magallón-Botaya R, Olivan-Blázquez B, Cobos-Rincón A, Santolalla-Arnedo I, Ramírez-Torres CA, Gea-Caballero V, Andrés-Esteban EM. Approximation to the Consumption of Healthcare Resources and the Economic Cost of SARS-CoV-2 Patient Management: A Retrospective Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:843751. [PMID: 35433597 PMCID: PMC9008573 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.843751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Spain has become one of the countries most affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with the highest testing rates, and one of the worst-performing countries in the fight against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. There are no studies related to the consumption of health resources and the economic cost of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We present a retrospective analysis of 9,811 (Primary Care and Hospital) patients which aimed to estimate public health expenditure by the consumption of health resources due to COVID-19. According to the results, the gender distribution of patients has a similar rate in both groups, with slightly higher rates in women. Similarly, age is the same in both groups, with a median of 62 years in the case of hospitalizations and 61 years in the case of primary care; using a weighted average of these rates and costs, we can estimate that the average cost of care per patient infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, regardless of the course is €2373.24. We conclude that a patient with COVID-19 without hospitalization costs €729.79, while the expenses of a hospitalized patient are between €4294.36 and €14440.68, if there is ICU admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Calderón-Moreno
- Business Economics Department, University of Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
- Research Group Blood Patient Management, IDI-Paz Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- Department of Nursing, GRUPAC, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Quintana-Díaz
- Research Group Blood Patient Management, IDI-Paz Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Intensive Care Unit, Research Group Blood Patient Management, IDI-Paz Research Institute, University Hospital “La Paz, ” Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Magallón-Botaya
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Network, Research Unit in Primary Care, IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Bárbara Olivan-Blázquez
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Institute for Health Research Aragón (IISA), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- Department of Nursing, GRUPAC, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- *Correspondence: Ana Cobos-Rincón
| | | | | | - Vicente Gea-Caballero
- Research Group Blood Patient Management, IDI-Paz Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencia International University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva María Andrés-Esteban
- Business Economics Department, University of Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
- Research Group Blood Patient Management, IDI-Paz Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
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