1
|
Chen H, Xiong R, Cheng J, Ye J, Qiu Y, Huang S, Li M, Liu Z, Pang J, Zhang X, Guo S, Li H, Zhu H. Effects and Mechanisms of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Age-Related Musculoskeletal Diseases: Sarcopenia, Osteoporosis, and Osteoarthritis-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:3130. [PMID: 39339730 PMCID: PMC11434726 DOI: 10.3390/nu16183130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The process of the globally aging population has been accelerating, leading to an increasing social burden. As people age, the musculoskeletal system will gradually go through a series of degenerative and loss of function and eventually develop age-related musculoskeletal diseases, like sarcopenia, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis. On the other hand, several studies have shown that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) possess various important physiological functions on the health of muscles, bones, and joints. Objective: This narrative review paper provides a summary of the literature about the effects and mechanisms of PUFAs on age-related musculoskeletal diseases for the prevention and management of these diseases. Methods: Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases have been searched to select the relevant literature on epidemiological, cellular, and animal experiments and clinical evidence in recent decades with keywords "polyunsaturated fatty acids", "PUFAs", "omega-3", "omega-6", "musculoskeletal diseases", "sarcopenia", "osteoporosis", "osteoarthritis", and so on. Results: PUFAs could prevent and treat age-related musculoskeletal diseases (sarcopenia, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis) by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation and controlling the growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and autophagy of cells. This review paper provides comprehensive evidence of PUFAs on age-related musculoskeletal diseases, which will be helpful for exploitation into functional foods and drugs for their prevention and treatment. Conclusions: PUFAs could play an important role in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoqi Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ruogu Xiong
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jialu Ye
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yingzhen Qiu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Siyu Huang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mengchu Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhaoyan Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinzhu Pang
- Mengniu Institute of Nutrition Science, Global R&D Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd., Hohhot 011050, China
| | - Xuguang Zhang
- Mengniu Institute of Nutrition Science, Global R&D Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd., Hohhot 011050, China
- Sun Yat-sen University-Mengniu Joint Research Center of Nutrition and Health for Middle-Aged and Elderly, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Mengniu Institute of Nutrition Science, Global R&D Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd., Hohhot 011050, China
| | - Huabin Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huilian Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Sun Yat-sen University-Mengniu Joint Research Center of Nutrition and Health for Middle-Aged and Elderly, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Das UN. Is there a role for essential fatty acids in osteoporosis? Eur J Clin Nutr 2024; 78:659-662. [PMID: 38840032 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory markers are inversely associated with bone density, geometry, and strength in postmenopausal women, and elderly subjects suggesting that osteoporosis is a low-grade systemic inflammatory condition. But glucocorticoids that are potent anti-inflammatory compounds instead of arresting/preventing osteoporosis induce osteoporosis. These results indicate that IL-6 and TNF-α, post-menopausal state, and steroids produce osteoporosis by an unidentified mechanism. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, estrogen, and steroids bring about their actions by influencing the metabolism of essential fatty acids (EFAs). I propose that EFAs and their metabolites act as second messengers of actions of corticosteroids, cytokines, and estrogen. This implies that EFAs are of benefit in the prevention and management of osteoporosis. This argument is supported by the observation that plasma phospholipid content of unsaturated fatty acids is decreased in those with osteoporosis. The reports that long-chain metabolites of EFAs including arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, and lipoxin A4 are of benefit in the prevention and management of osteoporosis lends further support to this proposal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Undurti N Das
- UND Life Sciences, 2221 NW 5th St, Battle Ground, WA, 98604, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang ZG, Fang ZB, Xie XL. Association between fatty acids intake and bone mineral density in adolescents aged 12-19: NHANES 2011-2018. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1402937. [PMID: 39045274 PMCID: PMC11263022 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1402937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between the intake of dietary fatty acids (FA) and bone mineral density (BMD) has been the subject of prior investigations. However, the outcomes of these studies remain contentious. The objective of this research is to examine the link between dietary FA consumption among adolescents and BMD. Methods This study utilized high-quality data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database, spanning 2011 to 2018, to explore the association between dietary fatty acids and bone health indicators in adolescents, including BMD and bone mineral content (BMC). Analyses were performed using weighted multivariate linear regression models, incorporating detailed subgroup analysis. Results The study included 3440 participants. Analysis demonstrated that intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) was positively correlated with total BMD, left arm BMD, total BMC, and left arm BMC. Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake was positively correlated with BMC across most body parts, though it showed no correlation with BMD. Intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was significantly inversely correlated with both BMD and BMC in most body parts. Additionally, subgroup analysis indicated that variables such as sex, age, standing height, and race significantly influenced the correlation between FA intake and BMD. Conclusions Our study indicates that dietary intake of SFA may benefit to BMD in adolescents, in contrast to PUFA and MUFA. Therefore, we recommend that adolescents maintain a balanced intake of SFA to promote optimal bone mass development while preserving metabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gang Wang
- Department of Emergency, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen Hospital (Long gang), Shenzhen, China
| | - Ze-Bin Fang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Li Xie
- Department of Emergency, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen Hospital (Long gang), Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alabadi B, Civera M, Moreno-Errasquin B, Cruz-Jentoft AJ. Nutrition-Based Support for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: A Review of Recent Evidence. Int J Womens Health 2024; 16:693-705. [PMID: 38650834 PMCID: PMC11034565 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s409897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis stands as the predominant bone disorder in the developed world, posing a significant public health challenge. Nutritional factors play a crucial role in bone health and may contribute to its prevention or treatment. Calcium and vitamin D, extensively studied with robust scientific evidence, are integral components of the non-pharmacological treatment for this disorder. Nevertheless, other less-explored nutritional elements appear to influence bone metabolism. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the latest evidence concerning the relationship between various nutrients, such as phosphorus, magnesium, vitamins, phytate, and phytoestrogens; specific foods like dairy or soy, and dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet with bone health and osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Alabadi
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clinico Universitario of Valencia, Valencia, 46010, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, 46010, Spain
| | - Miguel Civera
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clinico Universitario of Valencia, Valencia, 46010, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, 46010, Spain
| | | | - Alfonso J Cruz-Jentoft
- Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Madrid, 28034, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liang H, Xiong C, Luo Y, Zhang J, Huang Y, Zhao R, Zhou N, Zhao Z, Luo X. Association between serum polyunsaturated fatty acids and bone mineral density in US adults: NHANES 2011-2014. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1266329. [PMID: 38047106 PMCID: PMC10690584 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1266329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between serum polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and bone mineral density (BMD). Methods We performed a cross-sectional study based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. The weighted multiple linear regression model was utilized to determine the association between serum PUFAs and BMD. Further smoothed curve fitting and threshold effect analysis were conducted. Finally, we performed a subgroup analysis. Results In total, 1979 participants aged 20-59 years were enrolled. After adjusting for all covariates, we found that serum docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) was positively associated with head BMD (β = 0.0015, 95% Cl: 0.0004, 0.0026, P = 0.008296) and lumbar spine BMD (β = 0.0005, 95% Cl: 0.0000, 0.0010, P = 0.036093), and serum eicosadienoic acid (EDA) was negatively associated with thoracic spine BMD (β = -0.0008, 95% Cl: -0.0016, -0.0000, P = 0.045355). Smoothed curve fitting revealed a nonlinear positive association between serum DPA and lumbar spine BMD. Threshold effect analysis indicated that the threshold of serum DPA was 81.4 µmol/L. Subgroup analysis revealed a positive correlation between serum DPA and head BMD in the subgroup aged 50-59 years (β = 0.0025, 95% Cl: 0.0002, 0.0049, P = 0.035249) and females (β = 0.0026, 95% Cl: 0.0008, 0.0044, P = 0.005005). There was a positive relationship between serum DPA and lumbar spine BMD in females (β = 0.0008, 95% Cl: 0.0001, 0.0015, P = 0.017900) and a negative association between serum EDA and thoracic spine BMD in the subgroup aged 30-39 years (β = -0.0016, 95% Cl: -0.0031, -0.0001, P = 0.041331), males (β = -0.0012, 95% Cl: -0.0023, -0.0001, P = 0.039364) and other races (β = -0.0021, 95% Cl: -0.0037, -0.0006, P = 0.008059). Conclusion This study demonstrated a linear positive relationship between serum DPA and head BMD, a nonlinear positive association between serum DPA and lumbar spine BMD, and a linear negative correlation between serum EDA and thoracic spine BMD in US adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuang Xiong
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuangang Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Qianjiang Central Hospital of Chongqing, Qianjiang, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanran Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Runhan Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zenghui Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoji Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Feehan O, Magee PJ, Pourshahidi LK, Armstrong DJ, Slevin MM, Allsopp PJ, Conway MC, Strain JJ, McSorley EM. Associations of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids with bone mineral density and bone turnover in postmenopausal women. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:95-104. [PMID: 35908118 PMCID: PMC9899733 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02933-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The immunomodulatory properties of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are reported to reduce bone loss through alteration of bone remodelling and n-3 LCPUFA, therefore, may benefit bone health in post-menopausal women, a vulnerable group at high risk of osteoporosis. METHODS Measures of bone mineral density (BMD) were determined using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in 300 post-menopausal women. The bone turnover markers osteocalcin (OC), C-terminal telopeptides of type 1 collagen (CTX) and total alkaline phosphatase were quantified in serum along with urinary creatinine corrected deoxypyridinoline (DPD/Cr) and CTX/Cr and the CTX:OC ratio calculated. Total serum n-6 PUFA (LA + AA) and n - 3 LCPUFA (ALA + EPA + DPA + DHA) were measured and the n - 6:n - 3 ratio was calculated. RESULTS Mean (SD) age and body mass index (BMI) were 61 (6.4) years and 27.4 (4.8) kg/m2, respectively with participants being 12.6 (7.6) years post-menopause. Multiple regression analysis identified no association between n-3 LCPUFA and any of the measures of T-score or BMD albeit a significant positive association between total n - 3 LCPUFA and femur BMD (β = 0.287; p = 0.043) was observed within those women with a low n - 6:n - 3 ratio. There was a significant inverse association between ALA and urinary DPD/Cr (β = - 0.141; p = 0.016). CONCLUSION A favourable low n - 6:n - 3 ratio was associated with higher femur BMD and a higher n - 3 LCPUFA (ALA) was associated with lower bone resorption. These results support a beneficial role for n - 3 LCPUFA in reducing postmenopausal bone resorption and favourably influencing BMD. TRIAL NUMBER & DATE OF REGISTRATION ISRCTN63118444, 2nd October 2009, "Retrospectively registered".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orlagh Feehan
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - Pamela Jane Magee
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - Laura Kirsty Pourshahidi
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - David John Armstrong
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK ,Department of Rheumatology, Altnagelvin Hospital, Western Health and Social Care Trust, Londonderry, BT47 6SB UK
| | - Mary Martina Slevin
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - Philip James Allsopp
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - Marie Catherine Conway
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - J J Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| | - Emeir Mary McSorley
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Moran JM. Nutrition and Women’s Bone Health. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040763. [PMID: 35215412 PMCID: PMC8877096 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Moran
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Avd. Universidad s/n, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang L, Zhang C, Liang H, Zhou N, Huang T, Zhao Z, Luo X. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Level and Bone Mineral Density: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:858851. [PMID: 35872990 PMCID: PMC9304696 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.858851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This Mendelian randomization (MR) study aimed to explore the causal relationship between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS We conducted a two-sample MR analysis to figure out if there is any causal effect of PUFAs on BMD through the summary data from the genome-wide association study (GWAS). Relationships were evaluated through inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, and maximum likelihood methods. The MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) test was performed to detect the horizontal pleiotropy. RESULTS Our findings revealed that omega-6 fatty acids were negatively related to the TB-BMD (beta-estimate: -0.0515; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.0911 to -0.0119; standard error [SE]: 0.0201; p-value: 0.0106). The reverse direction MR analysis showed that TB-BMD was linked to the omega-6 FAs (beta-estimate: -0.0699; 95% CI: -0.1304 to -0.0095; SE: 0.0308; p-value: 0.0265). No statistically significant correlations between PUFAs and BMD were observed after adjusting the interactions between metabolites. CONCLUSION This two-sample MR analyses produced strong and new genomic evidence that there was a causal relationship between omega-6 FAs and BMD. Further investigations are still required to elucidate the potential mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tianji Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zenghui Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoji Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoji Luo,
| |
Collapse
|