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Arora A, Rahaman KS, Parmar JS, Gupta A, Evans N, Chandio N, Selvaratnam N, Manohar N. Trajectories of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake in Early Life: Evidence from a Birth Cohort Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2336. [PMID: 39064778 PMCID: PMC11279875 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Infancy and early childhood are periods of dietary transition. Early exposure to specific foods and the establishment of dietary habits during this period can shape long-term food preferences and have lasting effects on health. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal trajectories of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake in Australian children from birth to age 3 years and identify early-life and socioeconomic factors influencing those trajectories. Mother-infant dyads (n = 934) from the Healthy Smiles Healthy Kids birth cohort study were interviewed on their weekly frequency of SSB intake at 4-month, 8-month, 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year age points. Group-based trajectory modelling analysis was performed to identify trajectories for SSB intake among Australian children. A multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify the maternal and child-related predictors of resulting trajectories. The intake of SSBs showed two distinct quadratic trajectories (high and low) with age. While the two trajectories remained distinctive throughout, the SSB consumption for both groups consistently increased between 4 months and 2 years of age and subsequently stabilised. Compared to low SSB consumers (75%), the high SSB consumers (25%) were significantly more likely to be living in households with three or more children (relative risk (RR): 1.59, 95%CI: 1.02-2.48), had low maternal education (left school < year 12-RR: 1.75, 95%CI: 1.09-2.81; completed year 12-RR: 1.57, 95%CI: 1.02-2.81), and resided in highly/the most socioeconomically disadvantaged areas (highly disadvantaged-RR: 1.89, 95%CI: 1.13-3.18; most disadvantaged-RR: 2.06, 95%CI: 1.25-3.38). Children's SSB intake patterns are established early in life as they transition from infancy to preschool age, and the trajectories of intake established during early childhood are strongly influenced by socioeconomic factors. Hence, interventions targeted to limit SSB intake and improve nutrition amongst children should occur in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Arora
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (K.S.R.); (J.S.P.); (N.E.); (N.S.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (N.C.); (N.M.)
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Kh. Shafiur Rahaman
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (K.S.R.); (J.S.P.); (N.E.); (N.S.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (N.C.); (N.M.)
| | - Jinal Shashin Parmar
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (K.S.R.); (J.S.P.); (N.E.); (N.S.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (N.C.); (N.M.)
| | - Adyya Gupta
- Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia;
| | - Nicole Evans
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (K.S.R.); (J.S.P.); (N.E.); (N.S.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (N.C.); (N.M.)
| | - Navira Chandio
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (N.C.); (N.M.)
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Navodya Selvaratnam
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (K.S.R.); (J.S.P.); (N.E.); (N.S.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (N.C.); (N.M.)
| | - Narendar Manohar
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (N.C.); (N.M.)
- Black Dog Institute, Hospital Road, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
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Sritangsirikul S, Kitsahawong K, Matangkasombut O, Seminario AL, Pitiphat W. A longitudinal study on the impact of breastfeeding with or without formula milk on dental caries. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10384. [PMID: 38710791 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60582-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Concerns exist about prolonged breastfeeding increasing dental caries risk, but evidence is mixed. This 2-year cohort study followed 486 toddlers, to examine the association between breastfeeding duration and caries at age 3. Caregivers reported feeding practices and potential confounders every 6 months. "Full breastfeeding" was defined as feeding breastmilk without formula milk regardless of other foods/liquids, whereas "any breastfeeding" was feeding breastmilk with/without formula milk. A calibrated dentist performed dental examinations. We used multivariable log-binomial and negative binomial regressions to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for caries prevalence and severity, adjusted for confounders. At 3-year-old, 60.3% of children exhibited caries (mean decayed-and-filled-teeth, dft: 3.3). Notably, full breastfeeding for 6-17 months reduced caries prevalence (RR = 0.84, 95%CI 0.73-0.98 for 6-11 months; RR = 0.78, 95%CI 0.63-0.96 for 12-17 months). Conversely, any breastfeeding ≥ 18 months significantly increased caries risk (RR = 1.45, 95%CI 1.31-1.60). Full breastfeeding ≥ 6 months or any breastfeeding 6-17 months was associated with lower dft scores in children. Our findings suggest a complex relationship between breastfeeding duration and caries. Full breastfeeding for moderate durations (6-17 months) offers protective benefits, while any breastfeeding ≥ 18 months increases risk in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirima Sritangsirikul
- Faculty of Dentistry, PhD Program in Oral Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Muang District, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri Dunant, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Kemporn Kitsahawong
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Muang District, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Oranart Matangkasombut
- Department of Microbiology and Center of Excellence On Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri Dunant, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Ana Lucia Seminario
- Timothy A. DeRouen Center for Global Oral Health, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Waranuch Pitiphat
- Division of Dental Public Health, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Muang District, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Shrestha SK, Arora A, Manohar N, Ekanayake K, Foster J. Association of Breastfeeding and Early Childhood Caries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:1355. [PMID: 38732602 PMCID: PMC11085424 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Early childhood caries (ECC) is a growing public health concern worldwide. Although numerous systematic reviews have been published regarding the association between breastfeeding and early childhood caries (ECC), the results remain inconclusive and equivocal. This systematic review synthesises the evidence on the association between breastfeeding and ECC. Five electronic databases and backward citation chasing were performed from inception until May 2023. A total of 31 studies (22 cohort studies and 9 case-control studies) were included in this review. The meta-analysis of the case-control studies showed statistically significant fewer dental caries in children who were breastfed for < 6 months compared to those who were breastfed for ≥6 months (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.41-0.67, p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in dental caries between children who were breastfed for <12 months and those who were breastfed for ≥12 months (RR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.50-0.86, p < 0.002). Similarly, there was a statistically significant difference in dental caries in children who were breastfed for < 18 months compared to those who were breastfed for ≥18 months (RR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.18-0.92, p = 0.030). Nocturnal breastfeeding increases the risk of ECC compared with no nocturnal breastfeeding (RR = 2.35, 95% CI 1.42-3.89, p < 0.001). The findings suggest breastfeeding for more than 12 months and nocturnal breastfeeding increase the risk of ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Kiran Shrestha
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Amit Arora
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Narendar Manohar
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Blackdog Institute, Hospital Road, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Kanchana Ekanayake
- University of Sydney Library, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jann Foster
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
- Ingham Research Institute, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
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Durey A, Ward P, Haynes E, Baker SR, Calache H, Slack-Smith L. Applying Social Practice Theory to Explore Australian Preschool Children's Oral Health. JDR Clin Trans Res 2024:23800844241235615. [PMID: 38623874 DOI: 10.1177/23800844241235615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite substantial research and provision of dental care, significant morbidity remains for children's oral health. Guided by social practice theory (SPT), this research moves away from the often-ineffective focus on changing individual behavior to rethinking the centrality of the social world in promoting or undermining oral health outcomes. We define social practice as a routinized relational activity linking and integrating certain elements (competence, materials, and meanings) into the performance of a practice that is reproduced across time and space. OBJECTIVE To investigate oral health in preschool children in Perth, Western Australia, using social practice theory. METHODS With no definitive methodology for investigating SPT, we chose focused ethnography as a problem-focused, context-specific approach using mainly interviews to investigate participants' experience caring for their children's oral health. The focus of analysis was the practice of oral health care, not individual behavior, where themes identified from participants' transcripts were organized into categories of elements and performance. RESULTS Eleven parents, all of whom were married or partnered, were interviewed in 2021. Findings identified social practices relevant to oral health within parenting and family relations linked to routine daily activities, including shopping, consumption of food and beverages, and toothbrushing. Oral health literacy was reflected in integrating competence, materials, and meanings into performing oral health care, notably preferences for children to drink water over sugary beverages and information often being sourced from social media and mothers' groups rather than health providers. CONCLUSION Focusing on social practices as the unit of analysis offers a more layered understanding of elements in young children's oral health care that can indicate where the problem may lie. Findings provide an opportunity to consider future research and policy directions in children's oral health. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Examining social practices related to young children's oral health care identifies parents/carers' knowledge about, for example, toothbrushing, the resources required, and why toothbrushing is important. Analyzing these separate elements can reveal both enablers and barriers to oral health care. This provides researchers, clinicians and policymakers an opportunity to focus on not changing individual behavior but understanding how social context impacts parents/carers' capacity to make optimum decisions around young children's oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Durey
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - P Ward
- Research Centre for Public Health, Equity and Human Flourishing, Torrens University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - E Haynes
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - S R Baker
- School of Clinical Dentistry, Sheffield University, Sheffield, UK
| | - H Calache
- La Trobe University, Department of Clinical Sciences, La Trobe Rural Health School, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - L Slack-Smith
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Feldens CA, Alvarez L, Acevedo AM, Cepeda V, Chirife MT, Gálvez CA, Dezan-Garbelini C, Gudiño-Fernández S, Martignon S, Pérez V, Paiva SM, Zambrano O, Zelada D, Villena R. Early-life sugar consumption and breastfeeding practices: a multicenter initiative in Latin America. Braz Oral Res 2023; 37:e104. [PMID: 38055522 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this multicenter study was to explore the early-life sugar consumption and dietary practices in Latin America as well as to investigate the association between breastfeeding duration and the age at which foods and beverages with added sugars are introduced. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 805 1- to 3-year-old children from 10 Latin American countries, as a complementary study to the Research Observatory for Dental Caries of the Latin American Region (OICAL). A Food Frequency Questionnaire previously tested in different countries was applied to children's mothers and data on breastfeeding and age at introduction of sugary foods and beverages was collected. Statistical analysis included the Kruskal-Wallis test and Poisson regression with robust variance, with the calculation of crude and adjusted mean ratios (MR) and 95% of confidence intervals (CI). The average age at introduction of sugary foods and beverages was 10.1 months (95%CI 9.7-10.4) and 9.6 (95%CI 9.2-9.9) months, respectively, with a significant variation between countries (p < 0.001). The average daily frequency of sugary foods-beverages was 3.3 times per day (95%CI 3.1-3.5) and varied significantly between countries (p = 0.004). Breastfeeding duration of over six months was associated with an increase in the age of introduction of sweet drinks (16%; MR 1.16; 95%CI 1.05-1.28) and foods (21%; MR 1.21; 95%CI 1.10-1.33). In conclusion, most children from vulnerable settings in Latin America start consuming sugary products in the first year of life and a high frequency of consumption was reported through early childhood. Additionally, breastfeeding contributes to a delay in the introduction of sugary products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alberto Feldens
- Universidade Luterana do Brasil - Ulbra, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Licet Alvarez
- Universidad de la República Uruguay - Udelar, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ana María Acevedo
- Universidad Central de Venezuela, Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Dental Research, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Veronica Cepeda
- Universidad Internacional del Ecuador - Uide, Faculty of Dentistry, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Maria Teresa Chirife
- Universidad Autónoma del Paraguay, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Asunción, Paraguay
| | | | | | - Sylvia Gudiño-Fernández
- Universidad de Costa Rica, Pediatric Dentistry Master, San José Postgraduate Study Sistem, San José, Costa Rica
| | | | - Vidal Pérez
- Universidad de Talca, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Talca, Chile
| | - Saul Martins Paiva
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Olga Zambrano
- Universidad del Zulia, Institute of Dental Research, Maracaibo, Zulia, Venezuela
| | - Diana Zelada
- Universidad San Martin de Porres - USMP, Department of Pediatric Dentistry. Lima, Perú
| | - Rita Villena
- Universidad San Martin de Porres - USMP, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Lima, Perú
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Abanto J, Maruyama JM, Pinheiro E, Matijasevich A, Antunes JLF, Bönecker M, Cardoso MA. Authors' reply to the letter to the editor from Peres KG, Feldens CA, Nascimento GG, Peres MA, Vitolo MR and Barros AJD. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2023; 51:585-586. [PMID: 36973913 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Abanto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, International University of Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jessica Mayumi Maruyama
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emanuella Pinheiro
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Bönecker
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marly Augusto Cardoso
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ha DH, Nguyen HV, Bell LK, Devenish-Coleman G, Golley RK, Thomson WM, Manton DJ, Leary SD, Scott JA, Spencer J, Do LG. Trajectories of child free sugars intake and dental caries - a population-based birth cohort study. J Dent 2023:104559. [PMID: 37230240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between trajectories of free sugars intake during the first five years of life and dental caries experience at five years. METHODS Data from the SMILE population-based prospective birth cohort study, collected at one, two and five years old, were used. A 3-days dietary diary and food frequency questionnaire were used to estimate free sugars intake (FSI) in grams. The primary outcomes were dental caries prevalence and experience (dmfs). The Group-Based Trajectory Modelling method was used to characterize three FSI trajectories ('Low and increasing'; 'Moderate and increasing'; and 'High and increasing'), which were the main exposures. Multivariable regression models were generated to compute adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) and rate ratios (ARR) for the exposure, controlling for socioeconomic factors. RESULTS The prevalence of caries was 23.3%, with a mean dmfs of 1.4, and a median of 3.0 among those who had caries. There were clear gradients of caries prevalence and experience by the FSI trajectories. The 'High and increasing' had an APR of 2.13 (95%CI 1.23-3.70) and ARR of 2.77 (95%CI 1.45-5.32) against the 'Low and increasing'. The 'Moderate and increasing' group had intermediate estimates. A quarter of the caries cases could have been prevented if the whole study sample had been in the 'Low and increasing' FSI trajectory. CONCLUSION A sustained, high trajectory of FSI from a young age was positively associated with child dental caries. Measures to minimise consumption of free sugars must commence early in life. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The study has provided high level evidence to inform clinicians' decisions in promoting a healthy dietary pattern for young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diep H Ha
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia.
| | - Huy V Nguyen
- Health Innovation and Transformation Centre, Federation University, Australia
| | - Lucinda K Bell
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Australia
| | | | - Rebecca K Golley
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Australia
| | - W Murray Thomson
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Australia
| | | | - Sam D Leary
- Centrum voor Tandheelkunde en Mondzorgkunde, UMCG, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jane A Scott
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Australia
| | - John Spencer
- Bristol Biomedical Research Centre Nutrition Theme, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Loc G Do
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia; Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Population Health., Curtin University, Australia; Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, University of Adelaide, Australia
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Abanto J, Maruyama JM, Pinheiro E, Matijasevich A, Antunes JLF, Bönecker M, Cardoso MA, Lourenço BH, Malta MB, Ferreira MU, Neves PAR, Damasceno AA, da Silva BP, de Souza RM, Andrade SL, de Castro MC. Prolonged breastfeeding, sugar consumption and dental caries at 2 years of age: A birth cohort study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2022; 51:575-582. [PMID: 36380436 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous cohort studies have found a positive association between prolonged breastfeeding (≥12 months) on dental caries, but few of them analysed the mediated effect of sugar consumption on this association. This study investigated whether prolonged breastfeeding is a risk factor for caries at 2-year follow-up assessment (21-27 months of age) and whether this effect is mediated by sugar consumption. METHODS A birth cohort study was performed in the Brazilian Amazon (n = 800). Dental caries was assessed using the dmf-t index. Prolonged breastfeeding was the main exposure. Data on baseline covariables and sugar consumption at follow-up visits were analysed. We estimated the OR for total causal effect (TCE) and natural indirect effect (NIE) of prolonged breastfeeding on dental caries using the G-formula. RESULTS The prevalence of caries was 22.8% (95% CI: 19.8%-25.8%). Children who were breastfed for 12-23 months (TCE = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05-1.20) and for ≥24 months (TCE = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.14-1.40) presented a higher risk of caries at age of 2 years than those breastfed <12 months. However, this risk was slightly mediated by a decreased frequency of sugar consumption at age of 2 years only for breastfeeding from 12 to 23 months (NIE; OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-0.97). CONCLUSIONS In this study, the effect of prolonged breastfeeding on the increased risk of dental caries was slightly mediated by sugar consumption. Early feeding practices for caries prevention and promoting breastfeeding while avoiding sugar consumption should be targeted in the first 2 years of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Abanto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry International University of Catalunya Barcelona Spain
- Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Jessica Mayumi Maruyama
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Emanuella Pinheiro
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - José L. F. Antunes
- Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marcelo Bönecker
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marly A. Cardoso
- Department of Nutrition School of Public Health, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
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9
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Mitrou P. Is lifestyle Modification the Key to Counter Chronic Diseases? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153007. [PMID: 35893860 PMCID: PMC9332379 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Mitrou
- Independent Department of Therapeutic Protocols and Patient Registers, Hellenic Ministry of Health, 104 33 Athens, Greece
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Ha DH, Arora A, Harford J, Luzzi L, Chrisopoulos S, Do LG. Population Impact of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages on Dental Caries and Overweight/Obesity in Australian Children. JDR Clin Trans Res 2022:23800844221091701. [PMID: 35466760 DOI: 10.1177/23800844221091701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT The reported findings greatly consolidated evidence of detrimental effects of sugars intake on child oral health and overweight and obesity, some of the most prevalent chronic conditions in children. Evidence on population impact of sugars intake is directly informative to policy makers and the public about the potential impact of population-based programs targeting sugars intake to prevent dental caries and overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Ha
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - A Arora
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.,Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, Surry Hills, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - J Harford
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - L Luzzi
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - S Chrisopoulos
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - L G Do
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Echeverria MS, Schuch HS, Cenci MS, Motta JVS, Bertoldi AD, Hallal PC, Demarco FF. Trajectories of Sugar Consumption and Dental Caries in Early Childhood. J Dent Res 2022; 101:724-730. [PMID: 35114848 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211068743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study verifies the association between the trajectory of sugar consumption and dental caries in the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort in Pelotas, Brazil. It was conducted with data from the follow-ups at 3, 12, 24, and 48 mo from the 2015 Birth Cohort, which included 4,275 children born alive in hospitals in Pelotas. Data collection included standardized questionnaires for first caregivers applied by trained interviewers at all follow-ups. Exposure was the trajectory of sugar consumption from 3 to 48 mo (always low, always intermediate, increasing, and always high), obtained by group-based trajectory modeling. The outcome of this study was dental caries, obtained through clinical examination performed by calibrated dentists at 48 mo of age. Socioeconomic conditions and oral health instruction from a health professional during the first 4 y of life were included in the analysis as potential confounders. Prevalence ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were provided from generalized estimating equations with a log-Poisson with robust variance specification. In total, 3,654 (91.1%) children participated in the survey at 48 mo, and 2,806 children had complete data for the analyzes performed. Of these, 1,012 (36.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 34.3-37.8) experienced caries, and 723 (25.8%; 95% CI, 24.2-27.4) had cavitated caries. Regarding cavitated caries, the prevalence was 1.48 times higher in the group with increasing sugar consumption than children with always low consumption. There is an association between the trajectory of sugar consumption and dental caries at 48 mo. Children with increasing and always high sugar consumption have the highest prevalence of caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Echeverria
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - H S Schuch
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - M S Cenci
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - J V S Motta
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - A D Bertoldi
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - P C Hallal
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - F F Demarco
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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12
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Arora A, Chew L, Kang K, Tang L, Estai M, Thepsourinthone J, Chandio N, Parmar J, Doyizode AM, Jain K. V, Bhole S. Diet, Nutrition, and Oral Health: What Influences Mother's Decisions on What to Feed Their Young Children? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8159. [PMID: 34360452 PMCID: PMC8345989 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to learn about mothers' experiences with food choices for their pre-school children in underprivileged communities in Greater Western Sydney (GWS). A total of 20 mother-child dyads living in GWS were recruited to a qualitative study from an ongoing birth cohort study. Participants' houses were visited for semi-structured interviews, which were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically. The interviews yielded five main themes: (i) food choices, nutrition, and health; (ii) accessibility and availability of foods (iii) buying time for parents; (iv) child's age and their preference on food choices; (v) conditioning certain behaviours by family and cultural factors. Nutrition literacy, child's preferences, unhealthy food intake by family members, child's demand, advertising and availability of harmful foods, and time constraints were all mentioned as hurdles to mothers making appropriate meal choices for their children. However, some identified facilitators were promoting parents' knowledge, increasing access to health educational materials, upskilling mothers to providing healthier alternatives, regulating the marketing of unhealth foods. Although, the present study identified critical factors that influence mothers' food choices for their young children, making healthy food choices is a complex practice as it is shaped by individual, social and environmental influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Arora
- Campbelltown Campus, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (J.T.); (N.C.); (J.P.); (A.M.D.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Oral Health Services, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia;
| | - Louise Chew
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia; (L.C.); (K.K.); (L.T.)
| | - Kaye Kang
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia; (L.C.); (K.K.); (L.T.)
| | - Lily Tang
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia; (L.C.); (K.K.); (L.T.)
| | - Mohamed Estai
- Australian eHealth Research Centre, CSIRO, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia;
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jack Thepsourinthone
- Campbelltown Campus, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (J.T.); (N.C.); (J.P.); (A.M.D.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Navira Chandio
- Campbelltown Campus, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (J.T.); (N.C.); (J.P.); (A.M.D.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Jinal Parmar
- Campbelltown Campus, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (J.T.); (N.C.); (J.P.); (A.M.D.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Ashish M. Doyizode
- Campbelltown Campus, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (J.T.); (N.C.); (J.P.); (A.M.D.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Vipin Jain K.
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, KLE’s Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore 560022, India;
| | - Sameer Bhole
- Oral Health Services, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia;
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia; (L.C.); (K.K.); (L.T.)
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