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Fernández-Gaxiola AC, García-Guerra A, Neufeld LM. Persistent Challenges of Micronutrient Deficiencies in Latin America Needs Action. Food Nutr Bull 2024:3795721241262136. [PMID: 39086004 DOI: 10.1177/03795721241262136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiencies affect growth and development and are critical for maintaining health at all ages. Their critical role in exacerbating complications of infections and chronic diseases continues to impact morbidity, mortality, and quality of life for many. Raising awareness and advocating for micronutrient deficiencies in Latin America is urgent to reduce this preventable burden. Globally, an estimated 372 million preschool-aged children and 1.2 billion non-pregnant women of reproductive age suffer deficiency from 1 or more micronutrient. Data is limited and often old, and the true burden of problem in the region remains unclear. There are also limited data on dietary intake and on the double burden of malnutrition. Latin America has been a leader in the design and implementation of innovative and effective actions to reduce excess energy intake and curb the consumption of unhealthy Actions to address deficiency have been implemented in many countries in the region over the years, but current evidence suggests that micronutrient deficiencies have fallen off the public health agenda in Latin America. Effective programming can be developed / appropriately adapted only with knowledge of the current burden. Such data can also help guide and predict future areas of risk and priorities to missing upcoming nutrition issues in the population. Renewed commitment to quantify and monitor micronutrient deficiencies in the region is essential. Abundant evidence and guidance exist to inform effective program selection, design and implementation to address this public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Fernández-Gaxiola
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - A García-Guerra
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - L M Neufeld
- Education and Nutrition Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
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Badiu Tișa I, Cozma-Petruț A, Samașca G, Miere D, Filip L, Banc R, Mîrza O, Iancu M. Vitamin D Status among 2-18-Year-Old Romanian Pediatric Patients: A Single-Center Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2266. [PMID: 39064709 PMCID: PMC11280053 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
An adequate vitamin D level is essential for optimal bone mass formation during growth. The present study aimed to assess (i) the sex-specific, age-specific, and potential seasonal (spring, summer, winter) influences on the pediatric circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D); (ii) determine the frequency of pediatric patients with vitamin D deficiency (VDD) or insufficiency (VDI); and (iii) quantify the association between age category, sex, and season types and susceptibility to VDD and VDI, respectively. Laboratory data were collected on serum 25(OH)D levels in children aged between 2 and 18 years (n = 1674) who underwent blood sampling following admission to a university pediatric hospital in Cluj-Napoca (Romania) between January and June 2023. VDD (<20 ng/mL) was observed in 27% of pediatric patients. Among toddlers and preschoolers (2-5 years), VDD was 11%, while it was 33% among school-aged children (6-11 years) and 39% among adolescents (12-18 years). We found a significant difference in the frequencies of vitamin D status between females and males (p = 0.006). Also, we found significant associations of vitamin D status with age categories (p < 0.0001) and seasonal variations (p = 0.03). After adjusting for season of blood collection, the multinomial logistic regression model showed that children aged 6-11 years old (adjusted OR = 7, 95% CI: (4.9, 9.4)), children aged 12-18 years old (adjusted OR = 14, 95% CI: (9.3, 19.6)), and females (adjusted OR = 1.43, 95% CI: (1.10, 1.86)) were significantly associated with higher odds of VDD. In conclusion, the study revealed a significant difference in the frequency of VDD and VDI among pediatric patients older than six years, with a significant difference according to sex and season, being more pronounced among girls and during the winter and spring seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Badiu Tișa
- Department of Mother and Child Care, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2-4 Câmpeni Street, 400217 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Anamaria Cozma-Petruț
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.M.); (L.F.); (R.B.); (O.M.)
| | - Gabriel Samașca
- Department of Functional Biosciences, Immunology and Allergology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 19-21 Croitorilor Street, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Doina Miere
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.M.); (L.F.); (R.B.); (O.M.)
| | - Lorena Filip
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.M.); (L.F.); (R.B.); (O.M.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists (AOSR), 3 Ilfov Street, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Banc
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.M.); (L.F.); (R.B.); (O.M.)
| | - Oana Mîrza
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.M.); (L.F.); (R.B.); (O.M.)
| | - Mihaela Iancu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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García-Domínguez M, Gutiérrez-Del-Río I, Villar CJ, Perez-Gomez A, Sancho-Martinez I, Lombó F. Structural diversification of vitamin D using microbial biotransformations. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:409. [PMID: 38970663 PMCID: PMC11227467 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13244-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiencies are linked to multiple human diseases. Optimizing its synthesis, physicochemical properties, and delivery systems while minimizing side effects is of clinical relevance and is of great medical and industrial interest. Biotechnological techniques may render new modified forms of vitamin D that may exhibit improved absorption, stability, or targeted physiological effects. Novel modified vitamin D derivatives hold promise for developing future therapeutic approaches and addressing specific health concerns related to vitamin D deficiency or impaired metabolism, such as avoiding hypercalcemic effects. Identifying and engineering key enzymes and biosynthetic pathways involved, as well as developing efficient cultures, are therefore of outmost importance and subject of intense research. Moreover, we elaborate on the critical role that microbial bioconversions might play in the a la carte design, synthesis, and production of novel, more efficient, and safer forms of vitamin D and its analogs. In summary, the novelty of this work resides in the detailed description of the physiological, medical, biochemical, and epidemiological aspects of vitamin D supplementation and the steps towards the enhanced and simplified industrial production of this family of bioactives relying on microbial enzymes. KEY POINTS: • Liver or kidney pathologies may hamper vitamin D biosynthesis • Actinomycetes are able to carry out 1α- or 25-hydroxylation on vitamin D precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario García-Domínguez
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Principality of Asturias, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), Oviedo, Spain
- ISPA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Gutiérrez-Del-Río
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Principality of Asturias, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), Oviedo, Spain
- ISPA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Claudio J Villar
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Principality of Asturias, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), Oviedo, Spain
- ISPA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias), Oviedo, Spain
| | | | | | - Felipe Lombó
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Principality of Asturias, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
- IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), Oviedo, Spain.
- ISPA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias), Oviedo, Spain.
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Zhang K, Yin Y, Lv M, Zhang X, Zhang M, Cui J, Guan Z, Liu X, Liu Y, Gao Y, Yang Y. Positive Association of Urinary Dimethylarsinic Acid (DMA V) with Serum 25(OH)D in Adults Living in an Area of Water-Borne Arsenicosis in Shanxi, China. TOXICS 2024; 12:83. [PMID: 38251038 PMCID: PMC10820359 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Limited studies have demonstrated that inorganic arsenic exposure is positively associated with serum vitamin D levels, although the correlation between urinary arsenic species and serum vitamin D has not been investigated in areas of water-borne arsenicosis. A cross-sectional study of 762 participants was conducted in Wenshui Country, Shanxi Province, a water-borne arsenicosis area. The results showed a positive relationship between urinary arsenic species (inorganic arsenic (iAs), methylarsonic acid (MMAV), dimethylarsinic acid (DMAV) and serum 25(OH)D. Log-binomial regression analysis indicated a 0.4% increase in the risk of vitamin D excess for every 1-unit increment in the Box-Cox transformed urinary DMAV after adjustment for covariates. After stratifying populations by inorganic arsenic methylation metabolic capacity, serum 25(OH)D levels in the populations with iAs% above the median and primary methylation index (PMI) below the median increased by 0.064 ng/mL (95% CI: 0.032 to 0.096) for every one-unit increase in the Box-Cox transformed total arsenic (tAs) levels. Serum 25(OH)D levels increased by 0.592 ng/mL (95% CI: 0.041 to 1.143) for every one-unit rise in the Box-Cox transformed iAs levels in people with skin hyperkeratosis. Overall, our findings support a positive relationship between urinary arsenic species and serum 25(OH)D. It was recommended that those residing in regions with water-borne arsenicosis should take moderate vitamin D supplements to avoid vitamin D poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyu Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yunyi Yin
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Man Lv
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Meichen Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jia Cui
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Ziqiao Guan
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yanmei Yang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
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Indolfi C, Klain A, Dinardo G, Decimo F, Marrapodi MM, Licari A, Giudice MMD. Mini-Review on Vitamin D in Pediatric Population and its Role in Respiratory and Atopic Disorders. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1386-1394. [PMID: 38415448 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575284873240212045431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, our comprehension of the function of vitamin D has significantly evolved. The ubiquitous presence of the vitamin D receptor (Vitamin D Receptor- VDR) in the body has led to its redefinition from a steroidal hormone primarily involved in skeletal functions to a hormone with pleiotropic effects, exerting its influence on the circulatory, nervous, and immune systems. This has prompted investigations into its potential use in preventing and treating chronic metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, infections, and allergic and autoimmune diseases. This comprehensive review explores the various aspects of vitamin D, including its sources, synthesis, functions, and its impact on different physiological systems. It delves into the epidemiology of vitamin D deficiency, highlighting its occurrence among various age demographics and geographic regions. The impact of vitamin D on the immune system is also explored, elucidating its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, particularly in the context of respiratory infections. The review discusses emerging evidence concerning the potential advantages of vitamin D in respiratory diseases, pediatric asthma and atopic dermatitis. It also addresses vitamin D supplementation recommendations for various pediatric populations, including term and preterm infants. The growing concern regarding the global health impacts of insufficient vitamin D levels necessitates further research to bridge gaps in knowledge, particularly in enhancing screening, prevention, and approaches to address vitamin D deficiency from birth onwards. In summary, this comprehensive overview underscores the vital role of vitamin D, highlighting the significance of understanding its multifaceted functions and the need for tailored supplementation strategies, especially in vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Indolfi
- Department of woman, child and general and specialized surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Klain
- Department of woman, child and general and specialized surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Giulio Dinardo
- Department of woman, child and general and specialized surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Decimo
- Department of woman, child and general and specialized surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Marrapodi
- Department of woman, child and general and specialized surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Amelia Licari
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic, and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Michele Miraglia Del Giudice
- Department of woman, child and general and specialized surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
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Nóvoa-Medina Y, Barreiro-Bautista M, Perdomo-Quinteiro M, González-Martín JM, Quinteiro-González S, Domínguez Á, Cabrera M, López S, Pavlovic S, Wägner AM. 25OHVitamin D Levels in a Canarian Pediatric Population with and without Type 1 Diabetes: The Role of Acidosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3067. [PMID: 37447392 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of Vitamin D in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is controversial. The Canary Islands have the highest incidence of childhood-onset T1D in Spain and one of the highest in Europe. We aimed to evaluate 25OHVitamin D concentrations in a Canarian pediatric population, to assess the existence of seasonal variation, to study their association with T1D, and to evaluate the role of acidosis in its levels. In a retrospective, case-control study, we obtained data from 146 T1D patients (<15 years of age) and 346 control children; 25OHVitamin D concentrations were assessed in serum by automatic ChemiLuminescence ImmunoAssay technology. We found significantly higher 25OHVitamin D levels in the summer and autumn months and an inverse correlation between T1D and age; 25OHVitamin D sufficiency was similar in both groups (44.5% vs. 45.1%), with significant differences in the percentage of patients presenting vitamin D deficiency (11.6% (T1D) vs. 16.4% (controls)). When stratified according to the presence of ketoacidosis at sampling, only patients with acidosis showed lower 25OHVitamin D concentrations than controls. Despite its subtropical geographic location, Vitamin D deficiency is frequent in children in Gran Canaria, and 25OHVitamin D concentrations show seasonal variation. After adjusting for acidosis, no differences were found between children with and without T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeray Nóvoa-Medina
- Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Asociación Canaria para la Investigación Pediátrica (ACIP Canarias), 35004 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Marta Barreiro-Bautista
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Marta Perdomo-Quinteiro
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jesús María González-Martín
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, 35002 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Sofía Quinteiro-González
- Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ángela Domínguez
- Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - María Cabrera
- Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Sara López
- Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Svetlana Pavlovic
- Servicio de Pediatría, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ana M Wägner
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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Quesada-Gomez JM, Bouillon R. Calcifediol Cornerstone of the Vitamin D Endocrine System. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102290. [PMID: 37242173 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It is likely that rickets has afflicted humanity since the dawn of time, but it was first described in great detail in the mid-17th century [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Manuel Quesada-Gomez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roger Bouillon
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Catholic University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Elgormus Y, Okuyan O, Uzun H. The relationship between hematological indices as indicators of inflammation and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 status in newborns. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:83. [PMID: 36804004 PMCID: PMC9938614 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-03903-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is still much unknown about the relationship between hematological parameters and vitamin D status in newborns. The aim of the study is to evaluate the relationship between 25(OH)D3 (vitamin D) status and new defined systemic inflammatory markers neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in newborns. METHODS One hundred newborns were enrolled in the study. Serum vitamin D status, below < 12 ng/mL (< 30 nmol/L) as deficient, 12-20 ng/mL (30-50 nmol/L) as insufficient, and > 20 ng/mL (> 50 nmol/L) was considered as sufficient. RESULTS Parallel to maternal and newborn vitamin D status were also statistically different between the groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference was found between the deficient, sufficient and insufficient groups in terms of newborn hemoglobin, neutrophil, monocytes, NLR, PLT, PLR and neutrophil to monocyte ratio (NMR) (p < 0.05, in all). There was also a positive correlation between maternal and newborn vitamin D status (r = 0.975, p = 0.000). The newborn NLR were negative correlated with newborn vitamin D status (r = -0.616, p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that there may be potential new biomarkers to predict inflammation associated with the inflammatory state that may arise due to changes in NLR, LMR, and PLR in vitamin D deficiency in newborns. NLR and other hematologic indices may be non-invasive, simple, easily measurable, cost-effective markers of inflammation in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Elgormus
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul Atlas University, Medicine Hospital, Istanbul, 34408 Turkey
| | - Omer Okuyan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul Atlas University, Medicine Hospital, Istanbul, 34408 Turkey
| | - Hafize Uzun
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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9
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Sun Exposure Score and Vitamin D Levels in Moroccan Women of Childbearing Age. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030688. [PMID: 36771395 PMCID: PMC9919642 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sunlight exposure is an essential source of vitamin D for many humans. However, hypovitaminosis D is a global public health problem. This study aimed to develop and validate a sun exposure score (SES) and correlate it with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in women of childbearing age. One hundred and sixty women aged 18 to 45 years residing in Meknes, Morocco, were included. A questionnaire estimating the sun exposure score and blood analysis of serum 25-OHD concentration were performed. The questionnaire's reliability and construct validity were evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and factor analysis. Spearman's test was used to assess the correlation between SES and 25-OHD levels. The score's reliability and construct validity were good, with Cronbach's alpha values >0.70 and factorial saturation ranging from 0.696 to 0.948. Serum 25-OHD levels were significantly associated with the total sun exposure score, and all SES domains (Rho was 0.615 (p < 0.0001), 0.307 (p < 0.0001), 0.605 (p < 0.0001), and 0.424 (p < 0.0001) for total SES, indoor exposure domain, outdoor exposure domain, and sun protection practice domain, respectively). In addition, median 25-OHD levels increased significantly when sun exposure was changed from insufficient to sufficient (p < 0.0001). The results suggest that the sun exposure score could be used as a clinical tool to assess vitamin D levels in women of childbearing age.
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Cuda SE, Kharofa R, Williams DR, O'Hara V, Conroy R, Karjoo S, Paisley J, Censani M, Browne NT. Metabolic, behavioral health, and disordered eating comorbidities associated with obesity in pediatric patients: An Obesity Medical Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement 2022. OBESITY PILLARS (ONLINE) 2022; 3:100031. [PMID: 37990723 PMCID: PMC10662000 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Background This Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) details metabolic, behavioral health, and disordered eating comorbidities associated with obesity in children. This CPS will be followed by a companion CPS covering further comorbidities, including genetics and social consequences related to overweight and obesity. These CPSs are intended to provide clinicians with an overview of clinical practices applicable to children and adolescents with body mass indices greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for their ages, particularly those with adverse consequences resulting from increased body mass. The information in this CPS is based on scientific evidence, supported by the medical literature, and derived from the clinical experiences of members of the OMA. Methods The scientific information and clinical guidance in this CPS is based upon referenced evidence and derived from the clinical perspectives of the authors. Results This OMA statement details metabolic, behavioral health, and disordered eating comorbidities associated with obesity in children. It provides clinical information regarding identifying and treating metabolic, behavioral health, and disordered eating comorbidities associated with obesity in children over the 95th percentile of weight/height for age. Conclusions This OMA clinical practice statement details metabolic, behavioral health, and disordered eating comorbidities associated with obesity in children and provides an overview of current recommendations. These recommendations lay out a roadmap to the improvement of the health of children and adolescents with obesity, especially those with metabolic, physiological, and psychological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne E. Cuda
- Alamo City Healthy Kids and Families, 1919 Oakwell Farms Parkway, Ste 145, San Antonio, TX, 78218, USA
| | - Roohi Kharofa
- Center for Better Health & Nutrition, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Dominique R. Williams
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine Center for Healthy Weight and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive LA, Suite 5F, Columbus, OH, 43215, USA
| | - Valerie O'Hara
- WOW 4 Wellness Clinic/ PCHC, 6 Telcom Drive, Bangor, ME, 04401, USA
| | - Rushika Conroy
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Baystate Children's Hospital Subspecialty Center, 50 Wason Avenue, Springfield, MA, 01107, USA
| | - Sara Karjoo
- Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Pediatric Gastroenterology, 501 6th Ave S St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Jennifer Paisley
- St Elizabeth Physician's Group Primary Care, 98 Elm Street, Lawrenceburg, IN, 47025-2048, USA
| | - Marisa Censani
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, Box 103, New York, NY, 10021, USA
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