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Arab A, Karimi E, Garaulet M, Scheer FAJL. Dietary patterns and insomnia symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 75:101936. [PMID: 38714136 PMCID: PMC11179690 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to systematically review and synthesize the available evidence regarding the link between dietary patterns and insomnia symptoms among the general population using observational studies. We reviewed 16,455 references, of which 37 studies met inclusion criteria with a total sample size of 591,223. There was a significant association of the Mediterranean diet (OR: 0.86; 95 % CI, 0.79, 0.93; P < 0.001; I2 = 32.68 %), a high-quality diet (OR: 0.66; 95 % CI, 0.48, 0.90; P = 0.010; I2 = 84.62 %), and an empirically-derived healthy dietary pattern (OR: 0.91; 95 % CI, 0.85, 0.98; P = 0.010; I2 = 57.14 %) with a decreased risk of insomnia symptoms. Moreover, the dietary glycemic index (OR: 1.16; 95 % CI, 1.08, 1.25; P < 0.001; I2 = 0.0 %), the dietary glycemic load (OR: 1.10; 95 % CI, 1.01, 1.20; P = 0.032; I2 = 74.36 %), and an empirically-derived unhealthy dietary pattern (OR: 1.20; 95 % CI, 1.01, 1.42; P = 0.040; I2 = 68.38 %) were linked with a higher risk of insomnia symptoms. Most individual studies were of good quality (NOS) but provided very low certainty of evidence (GRADE). Consistent data reveals that following healthy diets is associated with decreased insomnia symptoms prevalence, while adherence to an unhealthy pattern is associated with an increased prevalence of insomnia symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Arab
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Elham Karimi
- Research Development Center, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marta Garaulet
- Department of Physiology, Regional Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU, University Clinical Hospital, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Frank A J L Scheer
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Kechagia I, Tsiampalis T, Damigou E, Barkas F, Anastasiou G, Kravvariti E, Liberopoulos E, Sfikakis PP, Chrysohoou C, Tsioufis C, Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos D. Long-Term Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Reduces 20-Year Diabetes Incidence: The ATTICA Cohort Study (2002-2022). Metabolites 2024; 14:182. [PMID: 38668310 PMCID: PMC11051724 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the 20-year incidence of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among adults from the ATTICA study. This study involved a prospective cohort of 3042 men and women recruited at baseline from the Attica region in Greece. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, and clinical characteristics were evaluated at baseline and follow-up examinations; adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed through the MedDietScore (range 0-55); four Mediterranean diet trajectories were identified (i.e., increasing, decreasing, and sustained high and sustained low adherence levels). For the present analysis, data from 2000 individuals with complete information were used (age 43 ± 13 years; 49% men). Over the 20-year period, 26.3% (95%CI 24.4%, 28.3%) of participants developed T2DM; men exhibited a 1.5-times higher incidence compared to women (p < 0.001). Individuals consistently close to the Mediterranean diet throughout the studied period had an improved glycemic and lipidemic profile (at baseline and at 10-y follow-up) (all p-values < 0.001) and showed a 21% reduction in their 20-year risk of developing T2DM compared to those who were consistently away (RR = 0.79, 95%CI 0.47, 0.86). A long-term adherence to the Mediterranean diet is protective against the onset of T2DM and, therefore, could be incorporated in public health actions for the prevention of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Kechagia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences & Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece
- Department of Clinical Dietetics-Nutrition, HYGEIA Hospital, 15123 Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas Tsiampalis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences & Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Damigou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences & Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece
| | - Fotios Barkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgia Anastasiou
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Evrydiki Kravvariti
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Liberopoulos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros P. Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Chrysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Tsioufis
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences & Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece
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Amerikanou C, Tzavara C, Kaliora AC. Dietary Patterns and Nutritional Value in Non-Communicable Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 16:82. [PMID: 38201911 PMCID: PMC10780607 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) constitute the leading cause of mortality worldwide, with the four major contributors being cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancers, respiratory diseases, and diabetes [...].
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andriana C. Kaliora
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Athens, Greece; (C.A.); (C.T.)
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Kokkinopoulou A, Katsiki N, Pagkalos I, Rodopaios NE, Koulouri AA, Vasara E, Papadopoulou SK, Skepastianos P, Hassapidou M, Kafatos AG. Association between Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study of Christian Orthodox Church Fasters and Non-Fasters in Greece. Foods 2023; 12:3488. [PMID: 37761196 PMCID: PMC10527694 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the Mediterranean diet contributes to healthy living, prevention of non-communicable diseases, and longevity. A cross-sectional study was conducted with participants from Greece who follow the Mediterranean diet and were further divided into two categories: (i) Christian Orthodox Church (COC) religious fasters and (ii) non-fasters. Four-hundred individuals underwent anthropometric measurements, whereas information regarding dietary intake was collected via three 24 h diet recalls and a monthly food frequency questionnaire. Principal component analysis was performed to derive dietary patterns, whereas associations between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors were investigated with the general linear model. Non-fasters (n = 200) were found to consume significantly more beef, chicken, turkey, sausage, broth, fried potatoes, ketchup, and mustard, while consuming less seafood, snails, soya, tarama salads, fresh fruits, margarine, olives, and decaf coffee. Two distinct dietary patterns were identified in fasters: (i) the "Mixed Diet" and (ii) the "Plant-based/Fasting Diet" pattern. Moreover, three patterns were identified in non-fasters, and were identified as follows: (i) the "Western Diet", (ii) the "Mixed Diet", and (iii) the "Mediterranean-like Diet" pattern. No significant association was observed between dietary patterns and the prevalence of MetS in our population. Further epidemiological studies should evaluate the links between dietary patterns and MetS prevalence within the adult Greek population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kokkinopoulou
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Crete, Greece
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis Pagkalos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos E. Rodopaios
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Crete, Greece
| | | | - Eleni Vasara
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Petros Skepastianos
- Department of Medical Laboratory Studies, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Hassapidou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anthony G. Kafatos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Crete, Greece
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