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Xie K, Xiao C, Lin L, Li F, Hu W, Yang Y, Chen D, Miao Z, Sun TY, Yan Y, Zheng JS, Chen YM. Erythrocyte very-long chain saturated fatty acids, gut microbiota-bile acid axis and incident coronary heart disease in adults: A prospective cohort study. J Nutr 2024:S0022-3166(24)00456-5. [PMID: 39128547 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior researches have highlighted inverse associations between levels of circulating very-long chain saturated fatty acids (VLCSFAs) and coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the intricate links involving VLCSFAs, gut microbiota, and bile acids remain underexplored. OBJECTIVE This study examined the association of erythrocyte VLCSFAs with CHD incidence, focusing on the mediating role of gut microbiota and fecal bile acids. METHODS This 10-year prospective study included 2383 participants without CHD at baseline. Erythrocyte VLCSFAs (arachidic acid [C20:0], behenic acid [C22:0], and lignoceric acid [C24:0]) were measured using gas chromatography at baseline and 274 CHD incidents were documented in triennial follow-ups. Gut microbiota in 1744 participants and fecal bile acid metabolites in 945 participants were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing and UPLC-MS/MS at middle-term. RESULTS The multivariable-adjusted HRs (95%CI) for CHD incidence in highest vs. lowest quartiles were 0.87 (0.61, 1.25) for C20:0, 0.63 (0.42,0.96) for C22:0, 0.59 (0.41,0.85) for C24:0, and 0.57 (0.39, 0.83) for total VLCSFAs. Participants with higher total VLCSFA levels exhibited increased abundances of Holdemanella, Coriobacteriales Incertae Sedis spp., Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 and UCG-010, and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group. These five genera generated microbial score (ODMS) that accounted for 11.52% of the total VLCSFAs-CHD association (Pmediation =0.018). Bile acids tauro_α_ and tauro_β_muricholic acid (T_α_ and T_β_MCA) were inversely associated with ODMS and positively associated with incident CHD. Opposite associations were found for glycolithocholic acid (GLCA), glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA). Mediation analyses indicated that GLCA, GDCA, and T_α_ and T_β_MCA explained 56.40%, 35.19%, and 26.17% of the ODMS-CHD association, respectively (Pmediation =0.002, 0.008, and 0.020). CONCLUSIONS Elevated erythrocyte VLCSFAs are inversely associated with CHD risk in the Chinese population, with gut microbiota and fecal bile acid profiles potentially mediating this association. The identified microbiota and bile acid metabolites may serve as potential intervention targets in future studies. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER NCT03179657.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keliang Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Congmei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Lishan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Fanqin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yingdi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Danyu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zelei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Ting-Yu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ju-Sheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China; School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, China.
| | - Yu-Ming Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Li W, Tang H, Xue K, Ying T, Wu M, Qu Z, Dong C, Jin T, Brunius C, Hallmans G, Åman P, Johansson A, Landberg R, Liu Y, He G. Personalized Microbial Fingerprint Associated with Differential Glycemic Effects of a Whole Grain Rye Intervention on Chinese Adults. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2400274. [PMID: 39091068 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE This study aims to identify the gut enterotypes that explain differential responses to intervention with whole grain rye by proposing an "enterotype - metabolic" model. METHODS AND RESULTS A 12-week randomized controlled trial is conducted in Chinese adults, with 79 subjects consuming whole grain products with fermented rye bran (FRB) and 77 consuming refined wheat products in this exploratory post-hoc analysis. Responders or non-responders are identified according to whether blood glucose decreased by more than 10% after rye intervention. Compared to non-responders, responders in FRB have higher baseline Bacteroides (p < 0.001), associated with reduced blood glucose (p < 0.001), increased Faecalibacterium (p = 0.020) and Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG.003 (p = 0.022), as well as deceased 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (p = 0.033) after intervention. The differentiated gut microbiota and metabolites between responders and non-responders after intervention are enriched in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. CONCLUSION The work confirms the previously suggested importance of microbial enterotypes in differential responses to whole grain interventions and supports taking enterotypes into consideration for improved efficacy of whole grain intervention for preventing type 2 diabetes. Altered short-chain fatty acids and bile acid metabolism might be a potential mediator for the beneficial effects of whole grain rye on glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyun Li
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huiru Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Metabonomics and Systems Biology, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kun Xue
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tao Ying
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Min Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Chenglin Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Taiyi Jin
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Carl Brunius
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden
| | - Per Åman
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, 750 07, Sweden
| | - Anders Johansson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden
- Department of Odontology, Section of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden
| | - Yuwei Liu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Gengsheng He
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Bilson J, Scorletti E, Swann JR, Byrne CD. Bile Acids as Emerging Players at the Intersection of Steatotic Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomolecules 2024; 14:841. [PMID: 39062555 PMCID: PMC11275019 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Affecting approximately 25% of the global population, steatotic liver disease (SLD) poses a significant health concern. SLD ranges from simple steatosis to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and fibrosis with a risk of severe liver complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. SLD is associated with obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, and insulin resistance, increasing cardiovascular risks. As such, identifying SLD is vital for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and treatment. Bile acids (BAs) have critical roles in lipid digestion and are signalling molecules regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and influencing gut microbiota balance. BAs have been identified as critical mediators in cardiovascular health, influencing vascular tone, cholesterol homeostasis, and inflammatory responses. The cardio-protective or harmful effects of BAs depend on their concentration and composition in circulation. The effects of certain BAs occur through the activation of a group of receptors, which reduce atherosclerosis and modulate cardiac functions. Thus, manipulating BA receptors could offer new avenues for treating not only liver diseases but also CVDs linked to metabolic dysfunctions. In conclusion, this review discusses the intricate interplay between BAs, metabolic pathways, and hepatic and extrahepatic diseases. We also highlight the necessity for further research to improve our understanding of how modifying BA characteristics affects or ameliorates disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Bilson
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (E.S.)
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Eleonora Scorletti
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (E.S.)
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Division of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jonathan R. Swann
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (E.S.)
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Christopher D. Byrne
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (E.S.)
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
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Li X, Li Q, Wang L, Ding H, Wang Y, Liu Y, Gong T. The interaction between oral microbiota and gut microbiota in atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1406220. [PMID: 38932989 PMCID: PMC11199871 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1406220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a complex disease caused by multiple pathological factors threatening human health-the pathogenesis is yet to be fully elucidated. In recent years, studies have exhibited that the onset of AS is closely involved with oral and gut microbiota, which may initiate or worsen atherosclerotic processes through several mechanisms. As for how the two microbiomes affect AS, existing mechanisms include invading plaque, producing active metabolites, releasing lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and inducing elevated levels of inflammatory mediators. Considering the possible profound connection between oral and gut microbiota, the effect of the interaction between the two microbiomes on the initiation and progression of AS has been investigated. Findings are oral microbiota can lead to gut dysbiosis, and exacerbate intestinal inflammation. Nevertheless, relevant research is not commendably refined and a concrete review is needed. Hence, in this review, we summarize the most recent mechanisms of the oral microbiota and gut microbiota on AS, illustrate an overview of the current clinical and epidemiological evidence to support the bidirectional connection between the two microbiomes and AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsi Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal KeyLaboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal KeyLaboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal KeyLaboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huifen Ding
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal KeyLaboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yizhong Wang
- Department of Research & Development, Zhejiang Charioteer Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Taizhou, China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal KeyLaboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Gong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal KeyLaboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Li J, Yang S, Liu D, Yan Q, Guo H, Jiang Z. Neoagarotetraose Alleviates Atherosclerosis via Modulating Cholesterol and Bile Acid Metabolism in ApoE -/- Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:1502. [PMID: 38794740 PMCID: PMC11124046 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is closely associated with metabolic disorders such as cholesterol accumulation, bile acid metabolism, and gut dysbiosis. Neoagarotetraose supplementation has been shown to inhibit obesity and alleviate type 2 diabetes, but its effects on modulating the development of atherosclerosis remain unexplored. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of neoagarotetraose on high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD)-induced atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. The results showed that neoagarotetraose supplementation decreased the atherosclerotic lesion area by 50.1% and the aortic arch lesion size by 80.4% compared to the HFHCD group. Furthermore, neoagarotetraose supplementation led to a significant reduction in hepatic lipid content, particularly non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. It also resulted in a substantial increase in total bile acid content in both urine and fecal samples by 3.0-fold and 38.7%, respectively. Moreover, neoagarotetraose supplementation effectively downregulated the intestinal farnesoid X receptor by 35.8% and modulated the expressions of its associated genes in both the liver and intestine. In addition, correlation analysis revealed strong associations between gut microbiota composition and fecal bile acid levels. These findings highlight the role of gut microbiota in neoagarotetraose-mitigating atherosclerosis in HFHCD-fed ApoE-/- mice. This study indicates the potential of neoagarotetraose as a functional dietary supplement for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.L.); (S.Y.); (D.L.)
| | - Shaoqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.L.); (S.Y.); (D.L.)
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.L.); (S.Y.); (D.L.)
| | - Qiaojuan Yan
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Huiyuan Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Zhengqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (J.L.); (S.Y.); (D.L.)
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462000, China
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Li Y, Gao YN, Zhu YB, Lu WF, Yu JY, Dong YY, Xu MY, Peng B, Wu JZ, Su Q, Bai J, Shi XL, Kang YM, Li HB, Xu ML. Taurocholic acid ameliorates hypertension through the activation of TGR5 in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Food Funct 2024; 15:5088-5102. [PMID: 38666497 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00808a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Diets rich in taurine can increase the production of taurine-conjugated bile acids, which are known to exert antihypertensive effects. Despite their benefits to the heart, kidney and arteries, their role in the central nervous system during the antihypertensive process remains unclear. Since hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays a key role in blood pressure regulation, we aimed to investigate the function of bile acids in the PVN. The concentration of bile acids in the PVN of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) fed with normal chow was measured using LC-MS/MS, which identified taurocholic acid (TCA) as the most down-regulated bile acid. To fully understand the mechanism of TCA's functions in the PVN, bi-lateral PVN micro-infusion of TCA was carried out. TCA treatment in the PVN led to a significant reduction in the blood pressure of SHRs, with decreased plasma levels of norepinephrine and improved morphology of cardiomyocytes. It also decreased the number of c-fos+ neurons, reduced the inflammatory response, and suppressed oxidative stress in the PVN of the SHRs. Most importantly, the TGR5 receptors in neurons and microglia were activated. PVN infusion of SBI-115, a TGR5 specific antagonist, was able to counteract with TCA in the blood pressure regulation of SHRs. In conclusion, TCA supplementation in the PVN of SHRs can activate TGR5 in neurons and microglia, reduce the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, suppress activated neurons, and attenuate hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Ya-Nan Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Ying-Bao Zhu
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, China
| | - Wen-Fang Lu
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, China
| | - Jia-Yue Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Dong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Meng-Yue Xu
- The Second Clinical College of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jun-Zhe Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Juan Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xiao-Lian Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Hong-Bao Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Meng-Lu Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, China.
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Abrignani V, Salvo A, Pacinella G, Tuttolomondo A. The Mediterranean Diet, Its Microbiome Connections, and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4942. [PMID: 38732161 PMCID: PMC11084172 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD), rich in minimally processed plant foods and in monounsaturated fats but low in saturated fats, meat, and dairy products, represents one of the most studied diets for cardiovascular health. It has been shown, from both observational and randomized controlled trials, that MD reduces body weight, improves cardiovascular disease surrogates such as waist-to-hip ratios, lipids, and inflammation markers, and even prevents the development of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and other diseases. However, it is unclear whether it offers cardiovascular benefits from its individual components or as a whole. Furthermore, limitations in the methodology of studies and meta-analyses have raised some concerns over its potential cardiovascular benefits. MD is also associated with characteristic changes in the intestinal microbiota, mediated through its constituents. These include increased growth of species producing short-chain fatty acids, such as Clostridium leptum and Eubacterium rectale, increased growth of Bifidobacteria, Bacteroides, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii species, and reduced growth of Firmicutes and Blautia species. Such changes are known to be favorably associated with inflammation, oxidative status, and overall metabolic health. This review will focus on the effects of MD on cardiovascular health through its action on gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Abrignani
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (A.S.); (G.P.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Salvo
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (A.S.); (G.P.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Pacinella
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (A.S.); (G.P.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (A.S.); (G.P.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Heida A, van Dijk T, Smit M, Koehorst M, Koster M, Kloosterhuis N, Havinga R, Bloks VW, Wolters JC, de Bruin A, Kuivenhoven JA, de Boer JF, Kuipers F, van de Sluis B. Changes in bile acid composition are correlated with reduced intestinal cholesterol uptake in intestine-specific WASH-deficient mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159445. [PMID: 38086439 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein and SCAR homolog (WASH) complex is a pentameric protein complex localized at endosomes, where it facilitates the transport of numerous receptors from endosomes toward the plasma membrane. Recent studies have shown that the WASH complex plays an essential role in cholesterol and glucose homeostasis in humans and mice. To investigate the physiological importance of intestinal WASH, we ablated the WASH component WASHC1 specifically in murine enterocytes. Male and female intestine-specific WASHC1-deficient mice (Washc1IKO) were challenged with either a standard chow diet or a high-cholesterol (1.25 %) diet (HCD). Washc1IKO mice fed a standard diet did not present any apparent phenotype, but when fed an HCD, their hepatic cholesterol levels were ~ 50 % lower compared to those observed in control mice. The intestinal cholesterol absorption was almost 2-fold decreased in Washc1IKO mice, which translated into increased fecal neutral sterol loss. The intestinal expression of cholesterogenic genes, such as Hmgcs1, Hmgcr, and Ldlr, was significantly higher in Washc1IKO mice than in control mice and correlated with increased whole-body de novo cholesterol synthesis, likely to compensate for impaired intestinal cholesterol absorption. Unexpectedly, the ratio of biliary 12α-/non-12α-hydroxylated bile acids (BAs) was decreased in Washc1IKO mice and reversing this reduced ratio by feeding the mice with the HCD supplemented with 0.5 % (w/w) sodium cholate normalized the improvement of hepatic cholesterol levels in Washc1IKO mice. Our data indicate that the intestinal WASH complex plays an important role in intestinal cholesterol absorption, likely by modulating biliary BA composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andries Heida
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Theo van Dijk
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Smit
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn Koehorst
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Koster
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels Kloosterhuis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rick Havinga
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent W Bloks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Justina C Wolters
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Freark de Boer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Hamjane N, Mechita MB, Nourouti NG, Barakat A. Gut microbiota dysbiosis -associated obesity and its involvement in cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. A systematic review. Microvasc Res 2024; 151:104601. [PMID: 37690507 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease caused by various factors. Recently, the role of the gut microbiota in the development of obesity and its complications has attracted increasing interest. PURPOSE This article focuses on the mechanisms by which gut microbiota dysbiosis induces insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases linked to obesity, highlighting the mechanisms explaining the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis-associated inflammation in the onset of these pathologies. METHODS A systematic study was carried out to understand and summarize the published results on this topic. More than 150 articles were included in this search, including different types of studies, consulted by an online search in English using various electronic search databases and predefined keywords related to the objectives of our study. RESULTS We have summarized the data from the articles consulted in this search, and we have found a major gut microbiota alteration in obesity, characterized by a specific decrease in butyrate-producing bacteria and the production of metabolites and components that lead to metabolic impairments and affect the progression of various diseases associated with obesity through distinct signaling pathways, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We have also focused on the major role of inflammation as a link between gut microbiota dysbiosis and obesity-associated metabolic complications by explaining the mechanisms involved. CONCLUSION Gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a crucial role in the development of various obesity-related metabolic abnormalities, among them type 2 diabetes and CVD, and represents a major challenge for chronic disease prevention and health. Indeed, the intestinal microbiota appears to be a promising target for the nutritional or therapeutic management of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hamjane
- Research Team in Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco.
| | - Mohcine Bennani Mechita
- Research Team in Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco
| | - Naima Ghailani Nourouti
- Research Team in Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco
| | - Amina Barakat
- Research Team in Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco
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Ji ZH, He S, Xie WY, Zhao PS, Ren WZ, Gao W, Yuan B. Agaricus blazei Polysaccharide Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice by Modulating Intestinal Barrier and Remodeling Metabolism. Nutrients 2023; 15:4877. [PMID: 38068735 PMCID: PMC10707896 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic noninfectious intestinal disease that severely affects patients' quality of life. Agaricus blazei Murrill polysaccharide (ABP) is an effective active ingredient extracted from Agaricus blazei Murrill (ABM). It has good efficacy in inhibiting tumor cell growth, lowering blood pressure, and improving atherosclerosis. However, its effect on colitis is unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the protective effects and potential mechanisms of ABP against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis in mice. The results showed that dietary supplementation with ABP significantly alleviated DSS-induced colitis symptoms, inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress. Meanwhile, ABP intervention was able to maintain the integrity of the intestinal mechanical barrier by promoting the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin tight junction proteins and facilitating mucus secretion. Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing results suggested that ABP intervention was able to alleviate DSS-induced gut microbiota disruption, and nontargeted metabolomics results indicated that ABP was able to remodel metabolism. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that dietary supplementation with ABP alleviated DSS-induced acute colitis by maintaining intestinal barrier integrity and remodeling metabolism. These results improve our understanding of ABP function and provide a theoretical basis for the use of dietary supplementation with ABP for the prevention of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Hao Ji
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Song He
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wen-Yin Xie
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Pei-Sen Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Ren
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Bao Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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Mollace R, Macrì R, Nicita M, Musolino V, Gliozzi M, Carresi C, Bava I, Maiuolo J, Tavernese A, Cardamone A, Tucci L, Trunfio G, Janda E, Palma E, Muscoli C, Barillà F, Federici M, Scarano F, Mollace V. Bergamot Polyphenolic Extract Combined with Albedo and Pulp Fibres Counteracts Changes in Gut Microbiota Associated with High-Fat Diet: Implications for Lipoprotein Size Re-Arrangement. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12967. [PMID: 37629146 PMCID: PMC10454550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence exists that the gut microbiota contributes to the alterations of lipid metabolism associated with high-fat diet (HFD). Moreover, the gut microbiota has been found to modulate the metabolism and absorption of dietary lipids, thereby affecting the formation of lipoproteins occurring at the intestinal level as well as systemically, though the pathophysiological implication of altered microbiota composition in HFD and its role in the development of atherosclerotic vascular disease (ATVD) remain to be better clarified. Recently, evidence has been collected indicating that supplementation with natural polyphenols and fibres accounts for an improvement of HFD-associated intestinal dysbiosis, thereby leading to improved lipidaemic profile. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of a bergamot polyphenolic extract (BPE) containing 48% polyphenols enriched with albedo and pulp-derived micronized fibres (BMF) in the gut microbiota of HFD-induced dyslipidaemia. In particular, rats that received an HFD over a period of four consecutive weeks showed a significant increase in plasma cholesterol, triglycerides and plasma glucose compared to a normal-fat diet (NFD) group. This effect was accompanied by body weight increase and alteration of lipoprotein size and concentration, followed by high levels of MDA, a biomarker of lipid peroxidation. Treatment with a combination of BPE plus BMF (50/50%) resulted in a significant reduction in alterations of the metabolic parameters found in HFD-fed rats, an effect associated with increased size of lipoproteins. Furthermore, the effect of BPE plus BMF treatment on metabolic balance and lipoprotein size re-arrangement was associated with reduced gut-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, an effect subsequent to improved gut microbiota as expressed by modulation of the Gram-negative bacteria Proteobacteria, as well as Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. This study suggests that nutraceutical supplementation of HFD-fed rats with BPE and BMP or with their combination product leads to restored gut microbiota, an effect associated with lipoprotein size re-arrangement and better lipidaemic and metabolic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Mollace
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.); (I.B.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (L.T.); (G.T.); (E.J.); (C.M.); (F.S.)
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (F.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.); (I.B.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (L.T.); (G.T.); (E.J.); (C.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Martina Nicita
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.); (I.B.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (L.T.); (G.T.); (E.J.); (C.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.); (I.B.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (L.T.); (G.T.); (E.J.); (C.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Veterinary Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Irene Bava
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.); (I.B.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (L.T.); (G.T.); (E.J.); (C.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (V.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Annamaria Tavernese
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.); (I.B.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (L.T.); (G.T.); (E.J.); (C.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.); (I.B.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (L.T.); (G.T.); (E.J.); (C.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Luigi Tucci
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.); (I.B.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (L.T.); (G.T.); (E.J.); (C.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Trunfio
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.); (I.B.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (L.T.); (G.T.); (E.J.); (C.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Elzbieta Janda
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.); (I.B.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (L.T.); (G.T.); (E.J.); (C.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Veterinary Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.); (I.B.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (L.T.); (G.T.); (E.J.); (C.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Francesco Barillà
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (F.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (F.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Federica Scarano
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.); (I.B.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (L.T.); (G.T.); (E.J.); (C.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.N.); (M.G.); (I.B.); (A.T.); (A.C.); (L.T.); (G.T.); (E.J.); (C.M.); (F.S.)
- Renato Dulbecco Institute, Lamezia Terme, 88046 Catanzaro, Italy
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Stellaard F. From Dietary Cholesterol to Blood Cholesterol. Nutrients 2023; 15:3086. [PMID: 37513504 PMCID: PMC10384671 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Nutrients' Special Issue "From dietary cholesterol to blood cholesterol" aims to supply existing knowledge and novel new research data about human cholesterol (C) fluxes [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Frans Stellaard
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM (School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism), Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800 Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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