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Thomson RL, Brown JD, Oakey H, Palmer K, Ashwood P, Penno MAS, McGorm KJ, Battersby R, Colman PG, Craig ME, Davis EA, Huynh T, Harrison LC, Haynes A, Sinnott RO, Vuillermin PJ, Wentworth JM, Soldatos G, Couper JJ. Dietary patterns during pregnancy and maternal and birth outcomes in women with type 1 diabetes: the Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) study. Diabetologia 2024:10.1007/s00125-024-06259-5. [PMID: 39222156 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Dietary patterns characterised by high intakes of vegetables may lower the risk of pre-eclampsia and premature birth in the general population. The effect of dietary patterns in women with type 1 diabetes, who have an increased risk of complications in pregnancy, is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and physical activity during pregnancy and maternal complications and birth outcomes in women with type 1 diabetes. We also compared dietary patterns in women with and without type 1 diabetes. METHODS Diet was assessed in the third trimester using a validated food frequency questionnaire in participants followed prospectively in the multi-centre Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) study. Dietary patterns were characterised by principal component analysis. The Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire was completed in each trimester. Data for maternal and birth outcomes were collected prospectively. RESULTS Questionnaires were completed by 973 participants during 1124 pregnancies. Women with type 1 diabetes (n=615 pregnancies with dietary data) were more likely to have a 'fresh food' dietary pattern than women without type 1 diabetes (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.07, 1.31; p=0.001). In women with type 1 diabetes, an increase equivalent to a change from quartile 1 to 3 in 'fresh food' dietary pattern score was associated with a lower risk of pre-eclampsia (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.17, 0.78; p=0.01) and premature birth (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.20, 0.62, p<0.001). These associations were mediated in part by BMI and HbA1c. The 'processed food' dietary pattern was associated with an increased birthweight (β coefficient 56.8 g, 95% CI 2.8, 110.8; p=0.04). Physical activity did not relate to outcomes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION A dietary pattern higher in fresh foods during pregnancy was associated with sizeable reductions in risk of pre-eclampsia and premature birth in women with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Thomson
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - James D Brown
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Helena Oakey
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kirsten Palmer
- Monash Women's, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Pat Ashwood
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Megan A S Penno
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kelly J McGorm
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rachel Battersby
- Department of Nutrition & Food Services, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Peter G Colman
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Maria E Craig
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Davis
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Tony Huynh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Children's Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Leonard C Harrison
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Aveni Haynes
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Richard O Sinnott
- Melbourne eResearch Group, School of Computing and Information Services, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter J Vuillermin
- Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - John M Wentworth
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Georgia Soldatos
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer J Couper
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
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2
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Pourmotabbed A, Talebi S, Mehrabani S, Babaei A, Khosroshahi RA, Bagheri R, Wong A, Ghoreishy SM, Amirian P, Zarpoosh M, Hojjati Kermani MA, Moradi S. The association of ultra-processed food intake with neurodegenerative disorders: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of large-scale cohorts. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38753992 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2351320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to uncover the relationship between UPFs intake and neurodegenerative disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), cognitive impairment, and dementia. SETTING A systematic search was conducted using the Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, and ISI Web of Science databases without any limitation until June 24, 2023. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled by using a random-effects model, while validated methods examined quality and publication bias via Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, Egger's regression asymmetry, and Begg's rank correlation tests, respectively. RESULTS Analysis from 28 studies indicated that a higher UPFs intake was significantly related to an enhanced risk of MS (RR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.33; I2 = 37.5%; p = 0.050; n = 14), PD (RR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.21, 2.02; I2 = 64.1%; p = 0.001; n = 15), and cognitive impairment (RR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.30; I2 = 74.1%; p = 0.003; n = 17), although not AD or dementia. We observed that a 25 g increment in UPFs intake was related to a 4% higher risk of MS (RR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.06; I2 = 0.0%; p = 0.013; n = 7), but not PD. The non-linear dose-response relationship indicated a positive non-linear association between UPF intake and the risk of MS (Pnonlinearity = 0.031, Pdose-response = 0.002). This association was not observed for the risk of PD (Pnonlinearity = 0.431, Pdose-response = 0.231). CONCLUSION These findings indicate that persistent overconsumption of UPFs may have an adverse impact on neurodegenerative conditions, potentially leading to a decline in quality of life and reduced independence as individuals age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Pourmotabbed
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sepide Talebi
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Mehrabani
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Ira
| | - Atefeh Babaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Amiri Khosroshahi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Ghoreishy
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student research committee, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parsa Amirian
- General Practitioner, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahsa Zarpoosh
- General Practitioner, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Hojjati Kermani
- Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Moradi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
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Gillies NA, Milan AM, Cameron-Smith D, Mumme KD, Conlon CA, von Hurst PR, Haskell-Ramsay CF, Jones B, Roy NC, Coad J, Wall CR, Beck KL. Vitamin B and One-Carbon Metabolite Profiles Show Divergent Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk Markers but not Cognitive Function in Older New Zealand Adults: A Secondary Analysis of the REACH Study. J Nutr 2023; 153:3529-3542. [PMID: 37863266 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin B inadequacies and elevated homocysteine status have been associated with impaired cognitive and cardiometabolic health with aging. There is, however, a scarcity of research investigating integrated profiles of one-carbon (1C) metabolites in this context, including metabolites of interconnected folate, methionine, choline oxidation, and transsulfuration pathways. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to examine associations between vitamins B and 1C metabolites with cardiometabolic health and cognitive function in healthy older adults, including the interactive effects of Apolipoprotein E-ε4 status. METHODS Three hundred and thirteen healthy participants (65-74 y, 65% female) were analyzed. Vitamins B were estimated according to dietary intake (4-d food records) and biochemical status (serum folate and vitamin B12). Fasting plasma 1C metabolites were quantified by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Measures of cardiometabolic health included biochemical (lipid panel, blood glucose) and anthropometric markers. Cognitive function was assessed by the Computerized Mental Performance Assessment System (COMPASS) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Associations were analyzed using multivariate linear (COMPASS, cardiometabolic health) and Poisson (MoCA) regression modeling. RESULTS Over 90% of participants met dietary recommendations for riboflavin and vitamins B6 and B12, but only 78% of males and 67% of females achieved adequate folate intakes. Higher serum folate and plasma betaine and glycine concentrations were associated with favorable cardiometabolic markers, whereas higher plasma choline and homocysteine concentrations were associated with greater cardiometabolic risk based on body mass index and serum lipids concentration values (P< 0.05). Vitamins B and homocysteine were not associated with cognitive performance in this cohort, though higher glycine concentrations were associated with better global cognitive performance (P = 0.017), episodic memory (P = 0.016), and spatial memory (P = 0.027) scores. Apolipoprotein E-ε4 status did not modify the relationship between vitamins B or 1C metabolites with cognitive function in linear regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin B and 1C metabolite profiles showed divergent associations with cardiometabolic risk markers and limited associations with cognitive performance in this cohort of healthy older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola A Gillies
- The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, New Zealand; The Riddet Institute, New Zealand
| | - Amber M Milan
- The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, New Zealand; The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, New Zealand; AgResearch Ltd, Grasslands Research Centre, New Zealand
| | - David Cameron-Smith
- The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, New Zealand; The Riddet Institute, New Zealand; School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karen D Mumme
- School of Sport Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - Cathryn A Conlon
- School of Sport Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Beatrix Jones
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, New Zealand; The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C Roy
- The Riddet Institute, New Zealand; The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, New Zealand; Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Jane Coad
- College of Sciences, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - Clare R Wall
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kathryn L Beck
- School of Sport Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, New Zealand.
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Ben-Porat T, Alberga A, Audet MC, Belleville S, Cohen TR, Garneau PY, Lavoie KL, Marion P, Mellah S, Pescarus R, Rahme E, Santosa S, Studer AS, Vuckovic D, Woods R, Yousefi R, Bacon SL. Understanding the impact of radical changes in diet and the gut microbiota on brain function and structure: rationale and design of the EMBRACE study. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2023; 19:1000-1012. [PMID: 37088645 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2023.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery leads to profound changes in gut microbiota and dietary patterns, both of which may interact to impact gut-brain communication. Though cognitive function improves postsurgery, there is a large variability in outcomes. How bariatric surgery-induced modifications in the gut microbiota and dietary patterns influence the variability in cognitive function is still unclear. OBJECTIVES To elucidate the associations between bariatric surgery-induced changes in dietary and gut microbiota patterns with cognition and brain structure. SETTING University hospital. METHODS A total of 120 adult patients (≥30 years) scheduled to undergo a primary bariatric surgery along with 60 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched patients on the surgery waitlist will undergo assessments 3-months presurgery and 6- and 12-month postsurgery (or an equivalent time for the waitlist group). Additionally, 60 age-and sex-matched nonbariatric surgery eligible individuals will complete the presurgical assessments only. Evaluations will include sociodemographic and health behavior questionnaires, physiological assessments (anthropometrics, blood-, urine-, and fecal-based measures), neuropsychological cognitive tests, and structural magnetic resonance imaging. Cluster analyses of the dietary and gut microbiota changes will define the various dietary patterns and microbiota profiles, then using repeated measures mixed models, their associations with global cognitive and structural brain alterations will be explored. RESULTS The coordinating study site (Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, QC, Canada), provided the primary ethical approval (Research Ethics Board#: MP-32-2022-2412). CONCLUSIONS The insights generated from this study can be used to develop individually-targeted neurodegenerative disease prevention strategies, as well as providing critical mechanistic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tair Ben-Porat
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre (MBMC), Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Quebec, Canada
| | - Angela Alberga
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Audet
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- Research centre of the Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-CSMTL), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tamara R Cohen
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pierre Y Garneau
- Division of Bariatric Surgery, CIUSSS-NIM, Montreal, Canada; Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Kim L Lavoie
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre (MBMC), Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychology, Université du Québec a Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Marion
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre (MBMC), Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Quebec, Canada
| | - Samira Mellah
- Research centre of the Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-CSMTL), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Radu Pescarus
- Division of Bariatric Surgery, CIUSSS-NIM, Montreal, Canada; Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Elham Rahme
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvia Santosa
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Metabolism, Obesity and Nutrition Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Centre, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne-Sophie Studer
- Division of Bariatric Surgery, CIUSSS-NIM, Montreal, Canada; Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Dajana Vuckovic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robbie Woods
- Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre (MBMC), Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Reyhaneh Yousefi
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre (MBMC), Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Quebec, Canada
| | - Simon L Bacon
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre (MBMC), Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Quebec, Canada.
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Atak S, Boye A, Peciña S, Liu ZX. High-Fat-Sugar Diet is Associated with Impaired Hippocampus-Dependent Memory in Humans. Physiol Behav 2023; 268:114225. [PMID: 37150429 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Overconsumption of high-fat and high-sugar (HFS) diet may affect the hippocampus, and consequently, memory functions. Yet, converging evidence is needed to demonstrate that the type of memory affected by HFS diet consumption is indeed hippocampus dependent. Moreover, the extent to which HFS diet can also affect executive functioning, and indirectly affect memory requires further examination. In this online study, we asked 349 young adults to report their HFS diet consumption and complete a word memory task, the Everyday Memory Questionnaire, and importantly two memory tasks that have been shown to robustly engage the hippocampus, i.e., the Pattern Separation and Associative Memory Tasks. Participants also completed two executive functioning tasks, the Trail Making Task (TMT) and the Stroop Task. These measures assess attention/cognitive flexibility and the ability to inhibit cognitive interference, respectively. After controlling for confounding variables, we found that participants who reported higher level consumption of a HFS diet performed worse on the Pattern Separation Task and that higher HFS intake was significantly associated with poorer TMT task performance and longer Stroop average reaction time (RT). TMT and Stroop RT scores indicative of reduced executive function also partially mediated the relationship between HFS diet and memory performance on the pattern separation task. Taken together, our results provide converging evidence that HFS diet may impair hippocampus-dependent memory. HFS diet may also affect executive functioning and indirectly impair memory function. The findings are consistent with human subject and animal studies and call for further investigations on the psychological and neural mechanisms underlying the dietary effects on cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selen Atak
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, The University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, USA
| | - Alyssa Boye
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, The University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, USA
| | - Susana Peciña
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, The University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, USA
| | - Zhong-Xu Liu
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, The University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, USA.
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Quan W, Xu Y, Luo J, Zeng M, He Z, Shen Q, Chen J. Association of dietary meat consumption habits with neurodegenerative cognitive impairment: an updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 24 prospective cohort studies. Food Funct 2022; 13:12590-12601. [PMID: 36385382 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03168j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The association between dietary meat consumption habits and neurodegenerative cognitive impairment (NCI) has been made but recent studies have reported controversial results. Herein, we have systematically explored associations between meat consumption and NCI risk. PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE databases were explored for data sources of primary studies. Twenty-four prospective cohort studies that met the selection criteria, involving over 500 000 participants from 11 countries, were included. Relative risks (RRs) were pooled using random-effects model meta-analysis, and a dose-response analysis was conducted using a 2-stage generalized least-squares trend program. The results showed that total meat (RRs 1.14; 95% CI: 1.04-1.24), fish (RRs 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78-0.98), and poultry (RRs 0.88; 95% CI: 0.80-0.98) intake was significantly associated with NCI risk but red meat (RRs 1.03; 95% CI: 0.92-1.16) showed a non-significant association. Subgroup analysis further demonstrated a significant association between total meat consumption and the risk of NCI, especially for total processed meat (RRs 1.67; 95% CI, 1.46-1.92) and processed red meat (RRs 1.22; 95% CI, 1.11-1.34). Each additional 50 g day-1 intake of total meat (RRs 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00-1.05) and processed meat (RRs 1.12; 95% CI: 1.08-1.17) increased the risk of NCI. In contrast, a 50 g day-1 increment of fish (RRs 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94-0.99) and poultry (RRs 0.948; 95% CI: 0.90-0.99) intake was associated with lower NCI risk. This study provided evidence for further understanding the relationship between the type and amount of meat intake and the occurrence of NCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Quan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
| | - Yang Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Qingwu Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China. .,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Fadó R, Molins A, Rojas R, Casals N. Feeding the Brain: Effect of Nutrients on Cognition, Synaptic Function, and AMPA Receptors. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194137. [PMID: 36235789 PMCID: PMC9572450 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, traditional eating habits have been replaced by a more globalized diet, rich in saturated fatty acids and simple sugars. Extensive evidence shows that these dietary factors contribute to cognitive health impairment as well as increase the incidence of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. However, how these nutrients modulate synaptic function and neuroplasticity is poorly understood. We review the Western, ketogenic, and paleolithic diets for their effects on cognition and correlations with synaptic changes, focusing mainly (but not exclusively) on animal model studies aimed at tracing molecular alterations that may contribute to impaired human cognition. We observe that memory and learning deficits mediated by high-fat/high-sugar diets, even over short exposure times, are associated with reduced arborization, widened synaptic cleft, narrowed post-synaptic zone, and decreased activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, and also observe that these alterations correlate with deregulation of the AMPA-type glutamate ionotropic receptors (AMPARs) that are crucial to neuroplasticity. Furthermore, we explored which diet-mediated mechanisms modulate synaptic AMPARs and whether certain supplements or nutritional interventions could reverse deleterious effects, contributing to improved learning and memory in older people and patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rut Fadó
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, E-08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-504-20-00
| | - Anna Molins
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, E-08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | - Rocío Rojas
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, E-08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | - Núria Casals
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, E-08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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Zeng X, Cai L, Gui Z, Shen T, Yang W, Chen Q, Chen Y. Association Between Dairy Intake and Executive Function in Chinese Children Aged 6–12 Years. Front Nutr 2022; 9:879363. [PMID: 35898711 PMCID: PMC9309784 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.879363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Association between dairy intake and executive function remains controversial, especially among children, a population with fast-developing executive functions. This study aimed to explore this topic. Additionally, we further distinguished the role of dairy intake types (full- or low-fat milk or yogurt) in this relationship. This survey included 5,138 children aged 6–12 years. Dairy intakes were assessed by validated questionnaires. Executive function was measured by the behavior rating inventory of executive function (BRIEF; Parent Version), and lower T-scores of BRIEF indices indicated superior executive function performance. Results showed that children with higher dairy intake had statistically better performance in Shift (46.58 ± 7.48 vs. 45.85 ± 7.10), Initiate (48.02 ± 8.58 vs. 47.14 ± 8.33), and Working Memory (50.69 ± 8.82 vs. 49.89 ± 8.73). In the analysis of multivariate linear regression, we found that for every one unit increase in full-fat dairy intake, T-scores for Shift (β = −0.350 (95% confidence interval [CI]: (−0.660, −0.039) and Initiate (β = −0.486 (95% CI: (−0.845, −0.127) were decreased and for every one unit increase in low-fat dairy intake, T-score for Organizations of Materials (β = −0.940 (95% CI: (−1.690, −0.189) was decreased. After distinguishing dairy into milk and yogurt, we observed that only milk intake, not yogurt, was significantly associated with better executive function performance in Shift (β = −0.390 (95% CI (−0.745, −0.035) and Initiate (β = −0.509 (95% CI (−0.917, −0.101) after adjusting for potential confounding factors. This study shows that a higher intake of dairy, irrespective of fat content, is related to better executive function performance among children aged 6–12. In addition, a significantly positive relationship between dairy intake and executive function’s indices of Shift and Initiate only was observed in milk, not in yogurt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zeng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Cai
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaohuan Gui
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianran Shen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhan Yang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingsong Chen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingsong Chen,
| | - Yajun Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Yajun Chen,
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9
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Mumme KD, Conlon CA, von Hurst PR, Jones B, Haskell-Ramsay CF, de Seymour JV, Stonehouse W, Heath ALM, Coad J, Mugridge O, Slade C, Gammon CS, Beck KL. Dietary patterns and cognitive function in older New Zealand adults: the REACH study. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:1943-1956. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02775-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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10
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Lee GJ, Oda K, Morton KR, Orlich M, Sabate J. Egg intake moderates the rate of memory decline in healthy older adults. J Nutr Sci 2021; 10:e79. [PMID: 34616550 PMCID: PMC8477346 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2021.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Eggs contain important compounds related to enhanced cognition, but it is not clear if egg consumption, as a whole, has a direct impact on memory decline in older adults. This study aimed to determine whether egg intake levels predict the rate of memory decline in healthy older adults after sociodemographic and dietary controls. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from 470 participants, age 50 and over, from the Biospsychosocial Religion and Health Study. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire, which was used to calculate egg intake and divide participants into Low (<23 g/week, about half an egg), Intermediate (24-63 g/week, half to 1½ eggs) and High (≥63 g/week, about two or more eggs) tertiles. Participants were administered the California Verbal Learning Test - 2nd Edition (CVLT-II) Short Form in 2006-2007, and 294 of them were again tested in 2010-2011. Using linear mixed model analysis, no significant cross-sectional differences were observed in CVLT-II performance between egg intake levels after controlling for age, sex, race, education, body mass index, cardiovascular risk, depression and intake of meat, fish, dairy and fruits/vegetables. Longitudinally, the Intermediate egg group exhibited significantly slower rates of decline on the CVLT-II compared to the Low egg group. The High egg group also exhibited slower rates of decline, but not statistically significant. Thus, limited consumption of eggs (about 1 egg/week) was associated with slower memory decline in late life compared to consuming little to no eggs, but a dose-response effect was not clearly evident. This study may help explain discrepancies in previous research that did not control for other dietary intakes and risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace J. Lee
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Keiji Oda
- Center for Nutrition, Lifestyle & Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Kelly R. Morton
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Michael Orlich
- Center for Nutrition, Lifestyle & Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Joan Sabate
- Center for Nutrition, Lifestyle & Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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11
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Taylor ZB, Stevenson RJ, Ehrenfeld L, Francis HM. The impact of saturated fat, added sugar and their combination on human hippocampal integrity and function: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 130:91-106. [PMID: 34400179 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Paralleling animal research, there is emerging evidence that a Western-style (WS) diet - high in saturated fat and added sugar - impairs human hippocampal functioning. However, the conditions under which this occurs are not fully understood and there have been published failures to detect such effects. To date, there has been no systematic review or meta-analysis of relevant human studies. We undertook a systematic database search and review. Twenty studies were identified, two experimental, with the remainder correlational. The latter were included in a meta-analyses on the impact of WS-diet and its macronutrient components on human hippocampal function. Effects of age and sex were also examined. A WS-diet adversely impacted human hippocampal volume and functioning, with a small-pooled effect size. No effects were found for individual macronutrients. There was a high-level of study heterogeneity, which was not fully explained by study/sample characteristics. This may arise via the wide range of assessment tools used to measure both dietary intake and hippocampal functioning. Overall, a WS-diet clearly impacts human hippocampal functioning as in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe B Taylor
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Richard J Stevenson
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Lauren Ehrenfeld
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Heather M Francis
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
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12
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Kodama S, Hoshi T, Kurimori S. Decline in independence after three years and its association with dietary patterns and IADL-related factors in community-dwelling older people: an analysis by age stage and sex. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:385. [PMID: 34174828 PMCID: PMC8235254 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02332-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have shown age stage and sex differences in the association among dietary patterns and various health factors related to disability in older people. This study aimed to reveal the differences of characteristics, including several dietary patterns, associated with a decline in independence over 3 years in community-dwelling independent older people. Specifically, we examined data by age stage, for people between 65 and 75 years (earlier-stage) and people aged 75 years or above (later-stage), and sex. Methods We conducted a nationwide longitudinal study of 25 Japanese prefectures from 2013 to 2016; 2250 participants’ complete data (1294 men and 956 women) were analyzed. Independence was evaluated based on instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scores (maximum = 12). Dietary patterns were derived from a principal component analysis of the seven food groups. Baseline IADL-related factors linked to independence 3 years later were selected. Multiple logistic regression analysis for having low independence—without a full score of IADL 3 years after baseline—was conducted, adjusted for baseline IADL scores. Finally, to compare differences among age stage and sex groups, we used Multiple-Group Path Analysis. Results Participants with a full IADL score 3 years later were classified as high independence (69.6%), and those without the full score were classified as low independence (30.4%). Only the later-stage older peoples’ proportion of low independence 3 years later was significantly higher than those at baseline. A high meat frequency pattern was associated with a significantly higher risk of decline in independence 3 years later in later-stage older women. The earlier-stage older people showed that 18.5 ≤ BMI < 25 was associated with a lower risk, referring to BMI < 18.5. In the later-stage, exercising three or more times a week with enjoyment and fulfillment was associated with a significantly lower risk. Conclusions The IADL disability in older people aged 75 and over showed a rapid change. The different characteristics associated with the risk of decline in independence among age stage and sex were revealed. Targeting age stage and sex separately for community-based comprehensive supportive strategies would be necessary for a long life globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Kodama
- Department of Food and Nutrition Science, Sagami Women's Junior College, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa-ken, 252-0383, Japan.
| | - Tanji Hoshi
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Sugako Kurimori
- Department of Nursing, Seitoku University, 550 Iwase, Matsudo-shi, Chiba-ken, 271-8555, Japan
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13
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Analysis of the Statistical Comparability of the Hardness and Wear of Polymeric Materials for Orthodontic Applications. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112925. [PMID: 34071606 PMCID: PMC8197806 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Clinical success depends on the contact strength and wear resistance of medical devices made of polymer materials. The scientific goal resulted from the problem of using different methods of surface evaluation of materials used in the production of orthodontic appliances. The purpose of the work was an experimental comparative assessment of indentation hardness and scratch hardness and the sliding wear of four selected polymeric materials used in the manufacture of orthodontic appliances. Methods: Four commercial materials were compared. Shore hardness tests and a scratch test with a Rockwell indenter were performed. A sliding wear test was performed using the ball-on-disc method. Statistical PCA and correlation analyses were performed. Results: The results of scratch hardness measurements using a contact profilometer correlated with the Shore hardness to a greater extent than measurements made using an optical microscope. PCA showed that Shore hardness explains 45% of the total variance in all the results across the materials. Conclusions: The scratch hardness method allows for a more explicit ranking of orthodontic polymeric materials when measurements are made with a profilometer. The ranking of sliding wear resistance should be made separately.
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14
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Naja F, Itani L, Hammoudeh S, Manzoor S, Abbas N, Radwan H, Saber-Ayad M. Dietary Patterns and Their Associations With the FTO and FGF21 Gene Variants Among Emirati Adults. Front Nutr 2021; 8:668901. [PMID: 34095191 PMCID: PMC8171665 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.668901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To examine the dietary patterns and their associations with the FTO and FGF21 gene variants among Emirati adults. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, healthy adult male and female Emiratis (n = 194) were recruited from primary health care centers in Sharjah, UAE. Participants completed a 61-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. In addition, a saliva sample was obtained for the genetic analysis. Genotyping was performed for FTOrs9939609(A>T), FTOrs9930506(A>G), FGF21 rs838133 (A > G), and FGF21 rs838145 (A > G). Dietary patterns were derived using the principal component analysis. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association of dietary patterns with genetic variants. Results: Three dietary patterns were identified: "Western": consisting of fast food, sweets, and processed meat; "Traditional Emirati" rich in vegetables, traditional Emirati-mixed-dishes and whole dairy; while whole grains, low-fat dairy, and bulgur were components of the "Prudent" pattern. Subjects carrying the A allele of the FTO rs9939609 were 2.41 times more likely to adhere to the Western pattern compared to subjects with genotype TT (OR:2.41; 95%CI:1.05-5.50). Compared with subjects with A/A, those carrying the G allele of the FTO rs9930506 were more likely to follow a Western diet (OR: 2.19; 95%CI: 1.00-4.97). Participants carrying the risk allele (A) of the FGF21 rs838133 were twice more likely to adhere to the Traditional pattern as compared to subjects with genotype GG (OR: 1.9, 95%CI: 1.01-3.57). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggested associations among specific FTO and FGF21 gene variants with dietary patterns among Emirati adults. These findings could be used to inform evidence-based targeted nutrition preventive recommendations, especially those aiming to limit intake of western type foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naja
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Leila Itani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sarah Hammoudeh
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shaista Manzoor
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nada Abbas
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hadia Radwan
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maha Saber-Ayad
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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15
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Gallagher CT, Hanley P, Lane KE. Pattern analysis of vegan eating reveals healthy and unhealthy patterns within the vegan diet. Public Health Nutr 2021; 25:1-11. [PMID: 33971998 PMCID: PMC9991567 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002100197x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the types of foods that constitute a vegan diet and establish patterns within the diet. Dietary pattern analysis, a key instrument for exploring the correlation between health and disease, was used to identify patterns within the vegan diet. DESIGN A modified version of the EPIC-Norfolk FFQ was created and validated to include vegan foods and launched on social media. SETTING UK participants, recruited online. PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 129 vegans voluntarily completed the FFQ. Collected data were converted to reflect weekly consumption to enable factor and cluster analyses. RESULTS Factor analysis identified four distinct dietary patterns including: (1) convenience (22 %); (2) health conscious (12 %); (3) unhealthy (9 %) and (4) traditional vegan (7 %). Whilst two healthy patterns were defined, the convenience pattern was the most identifiable pattern with a prominence of vegan convenience meals and snacks, vegan sweets and desserts, sauces, condiments and fats. Cluster analysis identified three clusters, cluster 1 'convenience' (26·8 %), cluster 2 'traditional' (22 %) and cluster 3 'health conscious' (51·2 %). Clusters 1 and 2 consisted of an array of ultraprocessed vegan food items. Together, both clusters represent almost half of the participants and yielding similar results to the predominant dietary pattern, strengthens the factor analysis. CONCLUSIONS These novel results highlight the need for further dietary pattern studies with full nutrition and blood metabolite analysis in larger samples of vegans to enhance and ratify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine T Gallagher
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, I. M. Marsh Campus, Liverpool John Moores University, Barkhill Road, Aigburth, LiverpoolL17 6BD, UK
| | - Paul Hanley
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, I. M. Marsh Campus, Liverpool John Moores University, Barkhill Road, Aigburth, LiverpoolL17 6BD, UK
| | - Katie E Lane
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, I. M. Marsh Campus, Liverpool John Moores University, Barkhill Road, Aigburth, LiverpoolL17 6BD, UK
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16
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Loureiro LMR, Almeida LFF, Machado CJ, Pessoa MC, Duarte MSL, Franceschini SCC, Ribeiro AQ. Food Consumption and Characteristics Associated in a Brazilian Older Adult Population: A Cluster Analysis. Front Nutr 2021; 8:641263. [PMID: 34026806 PMCID: PMC8138584 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.641263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies support diet as a factor in the prevention and treatment of non-communicable chronic diseases, whose occurrence increases with age due to the poor choices or the adoption of a monotonous diet. The aim of this study was to construct the food consumption profiles of older adults of a Brazilian city to identify the main food groups and eating habits that contribute to these profiles and to estimate its association with socioeconomic characteristics, health and use of health services, lifestyle, and anthropometric indicators. This is a population-based cross-sectional study conducted with a representative sample of 621 community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years) in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The food consumption profile was the dependent variable obtained from a Food Frequency Questionnaire, utilizing the two-step cluster method. The multiple multinomial logistic regression model was used to estimate the independent associations, obtaining the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Three clusters were generated, namely, (1) "unhealthy" (2) "less unhealthy," and (3) "fairly healthy." The cluster "unhealthy" was characterized by a regular consumption of beans, fats, fatty/processed meats, and whole milk. The factors independently associated with this cluster were lower education level, lower individual income, history of at least one doctor's appointment in the year preceding this study, and being a former smoker. The cluster "less unhealthy" was characterized by a regular consumption of beans, green vegetables, vegetables and fruits, as well as fats, fatty/processed meats, and whole milk. The factors independently associated with the "less unhealthy" cluster were lower education level and history of at least six doctor's appointments in the prior year. The cluster "fairly healthy" was characterized by the same pattern of "less unhealthy," except for skim milk and low-fat dairy products. The evidence of the associations indicates the profile of older adults who require greater attention and care related to improved nutrition. The illiterate or semi-literate aged individuals, those with low income, and those who neglect to seek medical advice must be the focus of healthy eating actions and programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís M. R. Loureiro
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | - Carla J. Machado
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Milene C. Pessoa
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andréia Q. Ribeiro
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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17
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Meccariello R, D’Angelo S. Impact of Polyphenolic-Food on Longevity: An Elixir of Life. An Overview. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:507. [PMID: 33805092 PMCID: PMC8064059 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging and, particularly, the onset of age-related diseases are associated with tissue dysfunction and macromolecular damage, some of which can be attributed to accumulation of oxidative damage. Recently, growing interest has emerged on the beneficial effects of plant-based diets for the prevention of chronic diseases including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Several studies collectively suggests that the intake of polyphenols and their major food sources may exert beneficial effects on improving insulin resistance and related diabetes risk factors, such as inflammation and oxidative stress. They are the most abundant antioxidants in the diet, and their intake has been associated with a reduced aging in humans. Polyphenolic intake has been shown to be effective at ameliorating several age-related phenotypes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, impaired proteostasis, and cellular senescence, both in vitro and in vivo. In this paper, effects of these phytochemicals (either pure forms or polyphenolic-food) are reviewed and summarized according to affected cellular signaling pathways. Finally, the effectiveness of the anti-aging preventive action of nutritional interventions based on diets rich in polyphenolic food, such as the diets of the Blue zones, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefania D’Angelo
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy;
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18
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Inactive bowel movement and stroke are associated with increased risks of mild cognitive impairment among community-living Singapore elderly. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:17257-17270. [PMID: 32903214 PMCID: PMC7521501 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), as a preclinical phase of dementia, provides an invaluable time window for intervention. Besides several proposed modifiable risk factors, the associations of MCI with dietary habits and bowel movement are not well clarified. We thus conducted a cross-sectional study of community-living Singapore elderly and focused on the relationship of clinically diagnosed MCI with dietary habits and bowel movement frequencies. The multiple logistic regression results showed that frequent (≥4 days per week) fruit consumption (P = 0.004), active (≥4 days per week) bowel movement within 10 minutes (P = 0.027), and years of schooling were negatively associated with MCI occurrence. In contrast, medical comorbidities including hypertension, stroke, and cataract/glaucoma were found to be risk factors. Furthermore, a Bayesian network model of causal inference detected five hypothesized causal-association paths leading to MCI, namely bowel movement, stroke, years of schooling via fruit consumption, hypertension via stroke and hypertension via cataract/glaucoma. The combination of the two direct factors (inactive bowel movement and stroke) reached a maximum conditional probability of 60.00% for MCI occurrence. Taken together, this study was the first to link bowel movement with MCI occurrence. In addition, it suggested five modifiable hypothesized causal-association paths to MCI.
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19
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D'Amico D, Parrott MD, Greenwood CE, Ferland G, Gaudreau P, Belleville S, Laurin D, Anderson ND, Kergoat MJ, Morais JA, Presse N, Fiocco AJ. Sex differences in the relationship between dietary pattern adherence and cognitive function among older adults: findings from the NuAge study. Nutr J 2020; 19:58. [PMID: 32563260 PMCID: PMC7306140 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00575-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of a prudent dietary pattern rich in healthy nutrients is associated with enhanced cognitive performance in older adulthood, while a Western dietary pattern low in healthy nutrients is associated with poor age-related cognitive function. Sex differences exist in dietary intake among older adults; however, there is a paucity of research examining the relationship between sex-specific dietary patterns and cognitive function in later life. METHODS The current study aimed to investigate sex differences in the relationship between sex-specific dietary pattern adherence and global cognitive function at baseline and over a 3-year follow-up in 1268 community-dwelling older adults (Mage = 74 years, n = 664 women, n = 612 men) from the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging (NuAge). A 78-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to estimate dietary intake over the previous year. Sex-specific dietary pattern scores were derived using principal component analysis. Global cognition was assessed using the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS). RESULTS Adjusted linear mixed effects models indicated that a healthy, prudent dietary pattern was not associated with baseline cognitive performance in men or women. No relationship was found between Western dietary pattern adherence and baseline cognitive function in women. Among men, adherence to an unhealthy, Western dietary pattern was associated with poorer baseline cognitive function (β = - 0.652, p = 0.02, 95% CI [- 1.22, - 0.65]). No association was found between prudent or Western dietary patterns and cognitive change over time in men or women. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of conducting sex-based analyses in aging research and suggest that the relationship between dietary pattern adherence and cognitive function in late life may be sex-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle D'Amico
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Carol E Greenwood
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, North York, ON, Canada.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Department of Medicine and Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Danielle Laurin
- Centre d'excellence sur le vieillissement de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nicole D Anderson
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, North York, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marie-Jeanne Kergoat
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jose A Morais
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nancy Presse
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Research Center on Aging, CIUSSS-de-l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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20
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Zhang H, Hardie L, Bawajeeh AO, Cade J. Meat Consumption, Cognitive Function and Disorders: A Systematic Review with Narrative Synthesis and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051528. [PMID: 32456281 PMCID: PMC7285210 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, and other forms of dementia are increasing in prevalence worldwide, while global dietary patterns are transitioning to a 'western type' with increasing meat consumption. Studies which have explored the associations between cognitive function and meat intakes have produced inconsistent findings. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the evidence linking meat intake with cognitive disorders. Twenty-nine studies were retrieved, including twelve cohort, three case-control, thirteen cross-sectional studies, and one intervention study. The majority (21/29) showed that meat consumption was not significantly associated with cognitive function or disorders. Meta-analysis of five studies showed no significant differences in meat consumption between cases with cognitive disorders and controls (standardized mean difference = -0.32, 95% CI: -1.01, 0.36); however, there was considerable heterogeneity. In contrast, a meta-analysis of five studies showed reduced odds of cognitive disorders by consuming meat weekly or more (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.57, 0.88); however, potential publication bias was noted in relation to this finding. Overall, there was no strong association between meat intake and cognitive disorders. However, the evidence base was limited, requiring more studies of high quality to isolate the specific effect of meat consumption from dietary patterns to confirm these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.O.B.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura Hardie
- Division of Clinical and Population Sciences, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - Areej O. Bawajeeh
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.O.B.); (J.C.)
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, 21551 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Janet Cade
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.O.B.); (J.C.)
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21
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Rashidi Pour Fard N, Amirabdollahian F, Haghighatdoost F. Dietary patterns and frailty: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2020; 77:498-513. [PMID: 31038679 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Assessing the relationship between single nutrients and frailty fails to take into consideration the interactions between nutrients. An increasing number of investigations in recent years have evaluated the association between dietary patterns and frailty. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the association between dietary patterns and frailty. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for epidemiological studies published up to April 2018 that assessed the association between dietary patterns and frailty. STUDY SELECTION Cohort or cross-sectional studies that examined dietary patterns via an a priori or an a posteriori method in relation to risk of frailty without considering any specific age range were included. Studies were excluded if they examined single nutrients, single foods, or single food groups. DATA EXTRACTION Pooled effect sizes of eligible studies and their corresponding 95%CIs were estimated using random-effects models. When publication bias was present, trim and fill analysis was conducted to adjust the pooled effect. RESULTS A total of 13 studies with 15 effect sizes were identified. Results from 9 cohort and cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analysis. Higher adherence to a healthy dietary pattern was associated with lower odds of frailty (odds ratio = 0.69; 95%CI, 0.57-0.84; P < 0.0001; I2 =92.1%; P for heterogeneity < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that a diet high in fruit, vegetables, and whole grains may be associated with reduced risk of frailty. Nevertheless, additional longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the association of dietary patterns with frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- Department of Community Nutrition and the Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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22
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Rajaram S, Jones J, Lee GJ. Plant-Based Dietary Patterns, Plant Foods, and Age-Related Cognitive Decline. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:S422-S436. [PMID: 31728502 PMCID: PMC6855948 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging population is expanding, as is the prevalence of age-related cognitive decline (ARCD). Of the several risk factors that predict the onset and progression of ARCD, 2 important modifiable risk factors are diet and physical activity. Dietary patterns that emphasize plant foods can exert neuroprotective effects. In this comprehensive review, we examine studies in humans of plant-based dietary patterns and polyphenol-rich plant foods and their role in either preventing ARCD and/or improving cognitive function. As yet, there is no direct evidence to support the benefits of a vegetarian diet in preventing cognitive decline. However, there is emerging evidence for brain-health-promoting effects of several plant foods rich in polyphenols, anti-inflammatory dietary patterns, and plant-based dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet that include a variety of fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and whole grains. The bioactive compounds present in these dietary patterns include antioxidant vitamins, polyphenols, other phytochemicals, and unsaturated fatty acids. In animal models these nutrients and non-nutrients have been shown to enhance neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and neuronal survival by reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. In this review, we summarize the mounting evidence in favor of plant-centered dietary patterns, inclusive of polyphenol-rich foods for cognitive well-being. Randomized clinical trials support the role of plant foods (citrus fruits, grapes, berries, cocoa, nuts, green tea, and coffee) in improving specific domains of cognition, most notably frontal executive function. We also identify knowledge gaps and recommend future studies to identify whether plant-exclusive diets have an added cognitive advantage compared with plant-centered diets with fish and/or small amounts of animal foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujatha Rajaram
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA,Address correspondence to SR (e-mail: )
| | - Julie Jones
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Grace J Lee
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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23
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Dietary Patterns Associated with Cognitive Function among the Older People in Underdeveloped Regions: Finding from the NCDFaC Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040464. [PMID: 29642510 PMCID: PMC5946249 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although dietary patterns are crucial to cognitive function, associations of dietary patterns with cognitive function have not yet been fully understood. This cross-sectional study explored dietary patterns associated with cognitive function among the older adults in underdeveloped regions, using 1504 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 and over. Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and 24-h dietary recall. Factor analysis was used to extract dietary patterns. Global cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Two dietary patterns, a “mushroom, vegetable, and fruits” (MVF) pattern and a “meat and soybean products” (MS) pattern, were identified. The MVF pattern, characterized by high consumption of mushrooms, vegetables, and fruits was significantly positively associated with cognitive function (p < 0.05), with an odds ratio of (95% CIs) 0.60 (0.38, 0.94) for cognitive impairment and β (95% CIs) 0.15 (0.02, 0.29) for –log (31-MMSE score). The MS pattern, characterized by high consumption of soybean products and meat, was also associated with better cognitive function, with an odds ratio of 0.47 (95% CIs 0.30, 0.74) for cognitive impairment and β (95% CIs) 0.34 (0.21, 0.47) for –log (31-MMSE score). Our results suggested that both the MVF and MS patterns were positively associated with better cognitive function among older adults in underdeveloped regions.
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Radd-Vagenas S, Duffy SL, Naismith SL, Brew BJ, Flood VM, Fiatarone Singh MA. Effect of the Mediterranean diet on cognition and brain morphology and function: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 107:389-404. [PMID: 29566197 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqx070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies of the Mediterranean diet suggest cognitive benefits, potentially reducing dementia risk. Objective We performed the first published review to our knowledge of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating Mediterranean diet effects on cognition or brain morphology and function, with an additional focus on intervention diet quality and its relation to "traditional" Mediterranean dietary patterns. Design We searched 9 databases from inception (final update December 2017) for RCTs testing a Mediterranean compared with alternate diet for cognitive or brain morphology and function outcomes. Results Analyses were based on 66 cognitive tests and 1 brain function outcome from 5 included studies (n = 1888 participants). The prescribed Mediterranean diets varied considerably between studies, particularly with regards to quantitative food advice. Only 8/66 (12.1%) of individual cognitive outcomes at trial level significantly favored a Mediterranean diet for cognitive performance, with effect sizes (ESs) ranging from small (0.32) to large (1.66), whereas 2 outcomes favored controls. Data limitations precluded a meta-analysis. Of 8 domain composite cognitive scores from 2 studies, the 3 (Memory, Frontal, and Global function) from PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) were significant, with ESs ranging from 0.39 to 1.29. A posttest comparison at a second PREDIMED site found that the Mediterranean diet modulates the effect of several genotypes associated with dementia risk for some cognitive outcomes, with mixed results. Finally, the risk of low-plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor was reduced by 78% (OR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.90) in those who consumed a Mediterranean diet compared to control diet at 3 y in this trial. There was no benefit of the Mediterranean diet for incident cognitive impairment or dementia. Conclusions Five RCTs of the Mediterranean diet and cognition have been published to date. The data are mostly nonsignificant, with small ESs. However, the significant improvements in cognitive domain composites in the most robustly designed study warrant additional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Radd-Vagenas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Healthy Brain Ageing Program, Brain and Mind Centre, Charles Perkins Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, and Charles Perkins Centre, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shantel L Duffy
- Healthy Brain Ageing Program, Brain and Mind Centre, 3Charles Perkins Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, and 4Charles Perkins Centre, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, and Charles Perkins Centre, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon L Naismith
- Healthy Brain Ageing Program, Brain and Mind Centre, 3Charles Perkins Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, and 4Charles Perkins Centre, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruce J Brew
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Peter Duncan Neurosciences Unit; St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Victoria M Flood
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Healthy Brain Ageing Program, Brain and Mind Centre, Charles Perkins Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, and Charles Perkins Centre, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Western Sydney Local Health District, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria A Fiatarone Singh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Healthy Brain Ageing Program, Brain and Mind Centre, Charles Perkins Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, and Charles Perkins Centre, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Hebrew SeniorLife and Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA
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25
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Identifying Dietary Patterns Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Korean Adults Using Reduced Rank Regression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15010100. [PMID: 29315276 PMCID: PMC5800199 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diet plays a crucial role in cognitive function. Few studies have examined the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive functions of older adults in the Korean population. This study aimed to identify the effect of dietary patterns on the risk of mild cognitive impairment. A total of 239 participants, including 88 men and 151 women, aged 65 years and older were selected from health centers in the district of Seoul, Gyeonggi province, and Incheon, in Korea. Dietary patterns were determined using Reduced Rank Regression (RRR) methods with responses regarding vitamin B6, vitamin C, and iron intakes, based on both a one-day 24-h recall and a food frequency questionnaire. Cognitive function was assessed using the Korean-Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between dietary pattern score and the risk of mild cognitive impairment. A total of 20 (8%) out of the 239 participants had mild cognitive impairment. Three dietary patterns were identified: seafood and vegetables, high meat, and bread, ham, and alcohol. Among the three dietary patterns, the older adult population who adhered to the seafood and vegetables pattern, characterized by high intake of seafood, vegetables, fruits, bread, snacks, soy products, beans, chicken, pork, ham, egg, and milk had a decreased risk of mild cognitive impairment compared to those who did not (adjusted odds ratios 0.06, 95% confidence interval 0.01-0.72) after controlling for gender, supplementation, education, history of dementia, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and duration of sleep. The other two dietary patterns were not significantly associated with the risk of mild cognitive impairment. In conclusion, high consumption of fruits, vegetables, seafood, and protein foods was significantly associated with reduced mild cognitive impairment in older Korean adults. These results can contribute to the establishment of dietary guidelines targeting older Korean adults to reduce mild cognitive impairments. Future prospective cohort studies are warranted to examine the effect of the seafood and vegetable dietary pattern on reducing mild cognitive impairment to prove the cause-effect relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function.
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26
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Toyomaki A, Koga M, Okada E, Nakai Y, Miyazaki A, Tamakoshi A, Kiso Y, Kusumi I. The relationship between a low grain intake dietary pattern and impulsive behaviors in middle-aged Japanese people. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181057. [PMID: 28704469 PMCID: PMC5509305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies indicate that dietary habits are associated with mental health. We are interested in identifying not a specific single nutrient/food group but the population preferring specific food combinations that can be related to mental health. Very few studies have examined relationships between dietary patterns and multifaceted mental states using cluster analysis. The purpose of this study was to investigate population-level dietary patterns associated with mental state using cluster analysis. We focused on depressive state, sleep quality, subjective well-being, and impulsive behaviors using rating scales. Two hundred and seventy-nine Japanese middle-aged people participated in the present study. Dietary pattern was estimated using a brief self-administered diet-history questionnaire (the BDHQ). We conducted K-means cluster analysis using thirteen BDHQ food groups: milk, meat, fish, egg, pulses, potatoes, green and yellow vegetables, other vegetables, mushrooms, seaweed, sweets, fruits, and grain. We identified three clusters characterized as "vegetable and fruit dominant," "grain dominant," and "low grain tendency" subgroups. The vegetable and fruit dominant group showed increases in several aspects of subjective well-being demonstrated by the SF-8. Differences in mean subject characteristics across clusters were tested using ANOVA. The low frequency intake of grain group showed higher impulsive behavior, demonstrated by BIS-11 deliberation and sum scores. The present study demonstrated that traditional Japanese dietary patterns, such as eating rice, can help with beneficial changes in mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhito Toyomaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Minori Koga
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Emiko Okada
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yukiei Nakai
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akane Miyazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Kiso
- Center for innovation and Business Promotion, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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27
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Walsh EI, Jacka FN, Butterworth P, Anstey KJ, Cherbuin N. The association between Western and Prudent dietary patterns and fasting blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes and normal glucose metabolism in older Australian adults. Heliyon 2017. [PMID: 28626807 PMCID: PMC5466591 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High blood glucose and type 2 diabetes are associated with a range of adverse health and cognitive outcomes. One factor that contributes to high blood glucose and type 2 diabetes is dietary intake. This study investigated the relationship between dietary patterns, fasting blood glucose and diabetes status in a sample of 209 participants aged 60–65. Blood plasma glucose was measured from venous blood samples. Individual Prudent and Western dietary patterns were estimated from a self-completed food frequency questionnaire. The relationship between dietary patterns, diabetes, and blood glucose was assessed via general linear model analyses controlling for age, sex, height, and total caloric intake. Results indicated that there was no association between Prudent diet and fasting blood glucose levels, or type 2 diabetes. In contrast, an individual in the upper tertile for Western dietary score had a significantly higher risk of having diabetes than an individual in the lower tertile for Western dietary score. However, there was no significant association between Western diet and fasting blood glucose. Western diet may be associated with type 2 diabetes through mechanisms beyond impacting blood plasma glucose directly. The fact that the association between Western diet and type 2 diabetes remained even when total caloric intake was controlled for highlights the need for policy and population health interventions targeting the reduction of unhealthy food consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin I. Walsh
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Felice N. Jacka
- Food and Mood Centre, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, VIC, Australia
- Black Dog Institute, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Butterworth
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kaarin J. Anstey
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Corresponding author at: Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, 54 Mills Road, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and WellbeingAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
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28
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Mazza E, Fava A, Ferro Y, Moraca M, Rotundo S, Colica C, Provenzano F, Terracciano R, Greco M, Foti D, Gulletta E, Russo D, Bosco D, Pujia A, Montalcini T. Impact of legumes and plant proteins consumption on cognitive performances in the elderly. J Transl Med 2017; 15:109. [PMID: 28532453 PMCID: PMC5440936 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1209-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have investigated the role of the dietary factors in the prevention of cognitive decline but the short-term effects of foods choice on cognitive performances in the elderly are poorly explored. Our aim was to investigate the choice of foods among elderly Italian individuals and the association with cognitive function. METHODS In this longitudinal study, the participants were 214 individuals aged ≥65 years with a score >20 at the Mini Mental State Examination. The cognitive sub-test of ADAScale was used to detect cognitive decline progression over 12 months. Food choices was measured by a combination of a 24-h recall and a seven-day diet record and Principal Components Analysis. RESULTS The Principal Components Analysis identified four food and four nutrient patterns. MMSE and ADAS-cog score after 1 year were found to be associated with legumes pattern (B = 0.25, p = 0.007; 95% CI 0.07/0.44; and B = -0.10, p = 0.006; CI -0.79/-0.30, respectively). A dietary pattern including plant proteins was independently associated with an improved ADAS-cog after 1 year (B = 0.584, p = 0.04; OR 1.79, CI 0.04-0.42). CONCLUSIONS The Principal Components Analysis is useful to investigate the choice of foods and nutrients in the elderly. We demonstrated an association between legumes pattern with cognitive performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mazza
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Nutrition Unit, University Magna Grecia, Viale S. Venuta, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonietta Fava
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Nutrition Unit, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Yvelise Ferro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Nutrition Unit, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marta Moraca
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Nutrition Unit, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Rotundo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Nutrition Unit, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmela Colica
- Department of Pharmacology, CNR, ISN, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Provenzano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Nutrition Unit, University Magna Grecia, Viale S. Venuta, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosa Terracciano
- Department of Health Science, Laboratory Unit, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marta Greco
- Department of Health Science, Laboratory Unit, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela Foti
- Department of Health Science, Laboratory Unit, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Elio Gulletta
- Department of Health Science, Laboratory Unit, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Diego Russo
- Department of Health Science, Laboratory Unit, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Bosco
- Neurology Unit, S. Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Crotone, Italy
| | - Arturo Pujia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Nutrition Unit, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Tiziana Montalcini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Nutrition Unit, University Magna Grecia, Viale S. Venuta, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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29
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Baskin R, Hill B, Jacka FN, O'Neil A, Skouteris H. Antenatal dietary patterns and depressive symptoms during pregnancy and early post-partum. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2017; 13:e12218. [PMID: 26725347 PMCID: PMC6866222 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal depression is a debilitating disorder experienced during pregnancy and/or the first year post-partum. Recently, maternal dietary intake during pregnancy has emerged as a possible area of intervention for the prevention of mental disorders in women and their offspring. However, the relationship between antenatal diet quality and perinatal depressive symptoms remains poorly understood. The current study explored the predictive role of antenatal diet quality for antenatal and post-natal depressive symptoms. Pregnant women (n = 167) were recruited between February 2010 and December 2011. Women completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at time 1 [T1, mean weeks gestation = 16.70, standard deviation (SD) = 0.91], time 2 (T2, mean weeks gestation = 32.89, SD = 0.89) and time 3 (T3, mean weeks post-partum = 13.51, SD = 1.97) and a food frequency questionnaire at T1 and T2. Diet quality was determined by extracting dietary patterns via principal components analysis. Two dietary patterns were identified: 'healthy' (including fruit, vegetables, fish and whole grains) and 'unhealthy' (including sweets, refined grains, high-energy drinks and fast foods). Associations between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms were investigated by path analyses. While both 'healthy' and 'unhealthy' path models showed good fit, only one significant association consistent with study hypotheses was found, an 'unhealthy' diet was associated with increased depressive symptoms at 32 weeks gestation. Given that this association was cross-sectional, it was not possible to make any firm conclusions about the predictive nature of either dietary patterns or depressive symptoms. Dietary intervention studies or larger prospective studies are therefore recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Baskin
- School of PsychologyDeakin UniversityBurwoodVictoriaAustralia
| | - Briony Hill
- School of PsychologyDeakin UniversityBurwoodVictoriaAustralia
| | - Felice N Jacka
- Division of Nutritional Psychiatry ResearchIMPACT Strategic Research CentreGeelongVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PsychiatryThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Centre for Adolescent HealthMurdoch Children's Research CentreParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Black Dog InstituteNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Division of Nutritional Psychiatry ResearchIMPACT Strategic Research CentreGeelongVictoriaAustralia
- School of Population and Global HealthUniversity of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityPrahranVictoriaAustralia
| | - Helen Skouteris
- School of PsychologyDeakin UniversityBurwoodVictoriaAustralia
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Dietary patterns are associated with cognitive function in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. J Nutr Sci 2016; 5:e38. [PMID: 27752305 PMCID: PMC5048188 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2016.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying factors that contribute to the preservation of cognitive function is imperative to maintaining quality of life in advanced years. Of modifiable risk factors, diet quality has emerged as a promising candidate to make an impact on cognition. The objective of this study was to evaluate associations between empirically derived dietary patterns and cognitive function. This study included 18 080 black and white participants aged 45 years and older from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. Principal component analysis on data from the Block98 FFQ yielded five dietary patterns: convenience, plant-based, sweets/fats, Southern, and alcohol/salads. Incident cognitive impairment was defined as shifting from intact cognitive status (score >4) at first assessment to impaired cognitive status (score ≤4) at latest assessment, measured by the Six-Item Screener. Learning, memory and executive function were evaluated with the Word List Learning, Word List Delayed Recall, and animal fluency assessments. In fully adjusted models, greater consumption of the alcohol/salads pattern was associated with lower odds of incident cognitive impairment (highest quintile (Q5) v. lowest quintile (Q1): OR 0·68; 95 % CI 0·56, 0·84; P for trend 0·0005). Greater consumption of the alcohol/salads pattern was associated with higher scores on all domain-specific assessments and greater consumption of the plant-based pattern was associated with higher scores in learning and memory. Greater consumption of the Southern pattern was associated with lower scores on each domain-specific assessment (all P < 0·05). In conclusion, dietary patterns including plant-based foods and alcohol intake were associated with higher cognitive scores, and a pattern including fried food and processed meat typical of a Southern diet was associated with lower scores.
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Sex-Specific Sociodemographic Correlates of Dietary Patterns in a Large Sample of French Elderly Individuals. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8080484. [PMID: 27509523 PMCID: PMC4997397 DOI: 10.3390/nu8080484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional analysis provides up-to-date information about dietary patterns (DP) and their sociodemographic correlates in European elderly individuals. We studied 6686 enrollees aged 65+ (55% women) in the ongoing French population-based NutriNet-Santé e-cohort. Diet was assessed via three 24 h records. The sex-specific correlates of factor analysis derived DP were identified with multivariable linear regression. Using 22 pre-defined food groups, three DP were extracted. The "healthy" DP (fruit, vegetables, grains, nuts, fish) was positively associated with education, living alone, and being a former smoker (women), and negatively associated with being overweight, current smoker (men), age 75+ years, having hypertension, and obesity (women). The "western" DP (meat, appetizers, cheese, alcohol) was positively associated with BMI (men) and being a former/current smoker; it was negatively associated with age 75+ years (women) and living alone. The "traditional" DP (bread, potatoes, milk, vegetables, butter, stock) was positively associated with age and negatively associated with being a former/current smoker, education (men), and residing in an urban/semi-urban area. The findings support the diversity of DP among the elderly, highlighting sex-specific differences. The "healthy" DP explained the largest amount of variance in intake. Future studies could replicate the models in longitudinal and international contexts.
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Kirkpatrick SI, Collins CE. Assessment of Nutrient Intakes: Introduction to the Special Issue. Nutrients 2016; 8:184. [PMID: 27023598 PMCID: PMC4848653 DOI: 10.3390/nu8040184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon I Kirkpatrick
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Clare E Collins
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia.
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Dong L, Xiao R, Cai C, Xu Z, Wang S, Pan L, Yuan L. Diet, lifestyle and cognitive function in old Chinese adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2016; 63:36-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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The Mediterranean Lifestyle as a Non-Pharmacological and Natural Antioxidant for Healthy Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2015; 4:719-36. [PMID: 26783955 PMCID: PMC4712942 DOI: 10.3390/antiox4040719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been suggested to affect age-associated physiological dysfunction. Therefore, it is speculated that antioxidant supplements could have a potential role in preventing age-related diseases and death. Among different dietary habits, the highly antioxidant Mediterranean dietary pattern, which includes high vegetable and fruit intake, consumption of legumes, cereals, and fish, low intake of meat and dairy derivatives, moderate red wine consumption, and use of extra-virgin olive oil, is characterized by other aspects than food, such as conviviality, sensory stimulation, socialization, biodiversity, and seasonality that can reinforce the Mediterranean diet’s (MeD) beneficial effects on wellbeing, quality of life, and healthy aging. The present review aims to discuss available data on the relationship between oxidative stress and aging, biomarkers of oxidative stress status, protective effects of the MeD, and the adoption of the Mediterranean lifestyle as a non-pharmacological and natural tool to cope with oxidative stress damage for a longer life span, and—even more important—healthy aging beyond the biological, psychological, and social challenges that old age entails.
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