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Curtis RG, Hendrie GA, Ferguson T, Olds T, Fraysse F, Dumuid D, Brown WJ, Esterman A, Maher CA. Annual and Seasonal Patterns of Dietary Intake in Australian Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2718. [PMID: 39203854 PMCID: PMC11357600 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Poor diet is a major risk factor for non-communicable disease. The aims of this study were to describe temporal patterns and seasonal changes in diet across the year in Australian adults. A total of 375 adults from a prospective cohort study conducted between 1 December 2019 and 31 December 2021 in Adelaide, Australia, were asked to complete the Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies at eight timepoints over a year. Average intakes over the previous month of total energy, macronutrients, healthy food groups, and discretionary foods and beverages were derived. Temporal patterns in diet were analysed descriptively. Multilevel linear regression modelling was used to assess seasonal differences in diet. Of the 375 participants recruited, 358 provided sufficient data for analysis. Intake of total energy, all macronutrients, and most discretionary foods and beverages peaked in December. Total energy intake was higher in summer than in autumn, winter, and spring. Fruit intake was higher in summer than in winter. Consumption of alcoholic beverages was higher in summer than in autumn, winter, and spring. Consumption of non-alcoholic beverages was higher in summer than in autumn and winter. This study identified temporal differences in dietary intake among Australian adults. Seasonal effects appear to be driven largely by increases in consumption of foods and beverages over the December (summer) holiday period. These findings can inform the design and timing of dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel G. Curtis
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (R.G.C.); (T.F.); (T.O.); (F.F.); (D.D.); (A.E.)
| | - Gilly A. Hendrie
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | - Ty Ferguson
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (R.G.C.); (T.F.); (T.O.); (F.F.); (D.D.); (A.E.)
| | - Timothy Olds
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (R.G.C.); (T.F.); (T.O.); (F.F.); (D.D.); (A.E.)
| | - François Fraysse
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (R.G.C.); (T.F.); (T.O.); (F.F.); (D.D.); (A.E.)
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (R.G.C.); (T.F.); (T.O.); (F.F.); (D.D.); (A.E.)
| | - Wendy J. Brown
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4226, Australia
| | - Adrian Esterman
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (R.G.C.); (T.F.); (T.O.); (F.F.); (D.D.); (A.E.)
| | - Carol A. Maher
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (R.G.C.); (T.F.); (T.O.); (F.F.); (D.D.); (A.E.)
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Wang L, Chan V, Allman-Farinelli M, Davies A, Wellard-Cole L, Rangan A. Wearable Cameras Reveal Large Intra-Individual Variability in Timing of Eating among Young Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204349. [PMID: 36297030 PMCID: PMC9611808 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that young adults follow less structured eating patterns compared with older cohorts. This may have implications for dietary assessment methods which rely on memory and structured meal patterns. Our aim was to describe the intra-individual variation of eating times in young adults aged 18−30 years. Participants (n = 41) wore an Autographer camera that captured first-person perspective images every 30 s for three consecutive days. All images were timestamped and those showing food consumption were used to extract data such as the timing of the first and last eating occasions (EOs), number of EOs per day, and length of eating window. Intra-individual variability was calculated from these data using composite phase deviation (CPD) and coefficient of variation (CV). The number of individuals with high or very high variability was 28 and 18 for timing of first and last EOs, respectively (CPD > 1.70), and 27 and 17 for number of EOs and eating window, respectively (CV > 20%). In this sample of young adults, the lack of regularity in eating patterns should be considered when selecting a dietary assessment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Wang
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Virginia Chan
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Margaret Allman-Farinelli
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Alyse Davies
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lyndal Wellard-Cole
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Cancer Prevention and Advocacy Division, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, NSW 2011, Australia
| | - Anna Rangan
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Du B, Li P, Feng X, Yin R, Zhou J, Maurice L. Monthly variations in mercury exposure of school children and adults in an industrial area of southwestern China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 196:110362. [PMID: 33169691 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that rice consumption can be the major pathway for human methylmercury (MeHg) exposure in inland China. However, few studies have considered the susceptible population of school children's exposure through rice ingestion. In this study, monthly variations in total Hg (THg)/MeHg concentrations in rice, fish, hair, and urine samples were studied to evaluate the Hg (both THg and MeHg) exposure in Guiyang, a typical industrial area with high anthropogenic emission of Hg. A total of 17 primary school (school A) students, 29 middle school (school B) students, and 46 guardians participated in this study for one year. Hair THg, hair MeHg, and urine THg concentrations ranged from 355-413 ng g-1, 213-236 ng g-1, and 469-518 ng g-1 Creatinine (ng·g-1 Cr), respectively, and no significant differences were observed between different genders and age groups. Hair and urine Hg concentrations showed slightly higher values in the cold season (October to February) than the hot season (March to September), but without significant difference. High monthly variability of individual hair and urine Hg concentrations suggested that long-term study could effectively decrease the uncertainty. The school students showed significantly higher urine THg concentrations than adults due to children's unique physiological structure and behaviors. Probable daily intake (PDI) of MeHg via rice and fish ingestion averaged at 0.0091, 0.0090, and 0.0079 μg kg-1 d-1 for school A students, school B students, and their guardians, respectively, which means that 86%, 84%, and 87% of the PDI were originated from rice ingestion, respectively. Therefore, more attention should be paid to children as a susceptible population. The results indicated low risk of Hg exposure via rice and fish consumption for urban residents in a Chinese industrial city.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
| | - Xinbin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
| | - Runsheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Laurence Maurice
- Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, IRD-CNRS-Université Toulouse, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, Toulouse, 31400, France
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König LM, Koller JE, Villinger K, Wahl DR, Ziesemer K, Schupp HT, Renner B. Investigating the Relationship between Perceived Meal Colour Variety and Food Intake across Meal Types in a Smartphone-Based Ecological Momentary Assessment. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030755. [PMID: 33652759 PMCID: PMC7996926 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although most people are aware of the health benefits of consuming sufficient amounts of fruit and vegetables, many do not adhere to current dietary recommendations. Recent studies have suggested meal colour variety as an intuitive cue for healthy and enjoyable lunch meal choices. The present study extends this research by testing the “colourful = healthy” association across meal types. Using smartphone-based Ecological Momentary Assessment, 110 participants recorded 2818 eating occasions over a period of eight days. For each eating occasion, a picture, a short written description of the meal, the meal type (breakfast, lunch, afternoon tea, dinner, snack) and the perceived meal colour variety were recorded. Foods were classified into seven food groups based on the pictures and descriptions. Data were analysed using multilevel modelling. For all meal types except afternoon tea which did not include vegetables, perceived that meal colour variety was positively related to vegetable consumption (bs ≥ 0.001, ts ≥ 3.27, ps ≤ 0.002, quasi-R2s ≥ 0.06). Moreover, perceived meal colour variety was negatively associated with sweets consumption for breakfast, dinner and snacks (bs ≤ −0.001, ts ≤ −2.82, ps ≤ 0.006, quasi-R2s ≥ 0.01). The “colourful = healthy” association can be generalized across meal types and thus may be a promising strategy to promote a healthier diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. König
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 47, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (J.E.K.); (K.V.); (D.R.W.); (K.Z.); (H.T.S.); (B.R.)
- Faculty of Life Sciences: Food, Nutrition and Health, Campus Kulmbach, University of Bayreuth, 95326 Kulmbach, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-7531-88-5317
| | - Julia E. Koller
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 47, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (J.E.K.); (K.V.); (D.R.W.); (K.Z.); (H.T.S.); (B.R.)
| | - Karoline Villinger
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 47, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (J.E.K.); (K.V.); (D.R.W.); (K.Z.); (H.T.S.); (B.R.)
| | - Deborah R. Wahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 47, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (J.E.K.); (K.V.); (D.R.W.); (K.Z.); (H.T.S.); (B.R.)
| | - Katrin Ziesemer
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 47, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (J.E.K.); (K.V.); (D.R.W.); (K.Z.); (H.T.S.); (B.R.)
| | - Harald T. Schupp
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 47, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (J.E.K.); (K.V.); (D.R.W.); (K.Z.); (H.T.S.); (B.R.)
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Britta Renner
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 47, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (J.E.K.); (K.V.); (D.R.W.); (K.Z.); (H.T.S.); (B.R.)
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
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Moreno GD, Schmidt LA, Ritchie LD, McCulloch CE, Cabana MD, Brindis CD, Green LW, Altman EA, Patel AI. A cluster-randomized controlled trial of an elementary school drinking water access and promotion intervention: Rationale, study design, and protocol. Contemp Clin Trials 2020; 101:106255. [PMID: 33370616 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2020.106255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Promoting water consumption among children in schools is a promising intervention to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and achieve healthful weight. To date, no studies in the United States have examined how a school-based water access and promotion intervention affects students' beverage and food intake both in and out of school and weight gain over time. The Water First trial is intended to evaluate these interventions. METHODS Informed by the PRECEDE-PROCEED model and Social Cognitive Theory, the Water First intervention includes: 1) installation of lead-free water stations in cafeterias, physical activity spaces, and high-traffic common areas in lower-income public elementary schools, 2) provision of cups/reusable water bottles for students, and 3) a 6-month healthy beverage education campaign. A five year-long cluster randomized controlled trial of 26 low-income public elementary schools in the San Francisco Bay Area is examining how Water First impacts students' consumption of water, caloric intake from foods and beverages, and BMI z-score and overweight/obesity prevalence, from baseline to 7 months and 15 months after the start of the study. Intervention impact on outcomes will be examined using a difference-in-differences approach with mixed-effects regression accounting for the clustering of students in schools and classrooms. DISCUSSION This paper describes the rationale, study design, and protocol for the Water First study. If the intervention is effective, findings will inform best practices for implementing school water policies, as well as the development of more expansive policies and programs to promote and improve access to drinking water in schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gala D Moreno
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Laura A Schmidt
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Department of Anthropology, History and Social Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Lorrene D Ritchie
- Nutrition Policy Institute, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Charles E McCulloch
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Michael D Cabana
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Montefiore, USA
| | - Claire D Brindis
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Lawrence W Green
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Emily A Altman
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Anisha I Patel
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, USA.
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Hirahatake KM, Jacobs DR, Shikany JM, Jiang L, Wong ND, Steffen LM, Odegaard AO. Cumulative intake of artificially sweetened and sugar-sweetened beverages and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in young adults: the Coronary Artery Risk Development In Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 110:733-741. [PMID: 31374564 PMCID: PMC6736196 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence has demonstrated a positive association between artificially sweetened beverage (ASB) and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. However, research informing this topic in young adults is limited. OBJECTIVE This study examined the association between ASB, SSB, and total sweetened beverage (TSB; combined ASB and SSB) consumption and T2D risk in young adults. METHODS A prospective analysis of 4719 Black and White men and women aged 18-30 y at baseline was conducted from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Each participant's beverage intake was assessed using the CARDIA Diet History at baseline and at study Years 7 and 20. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine cumulative average ASB, SSB, and TSB intakes and risk of T2D. RESULTS During the 30-y follow-up period, 680 participants developed T2D. ASB consumption was associated with a 12% greater risk of T2D per serving/day (HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.04-1.20) in a model adjusted for lifestyle factors, diet quality, and dieting behavior. Further adjustments for baseline BMI (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.99-1.14) and weight change during follow-up (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.97-1.12) attenuated the association. SSB and TSB consumption as continuous variables per 1 serving/day of intake were associated with 6% and 5% increased risks of T2D, respectively (HRSSB 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.10; HRTSB 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.09), in the model accounting for lifestyle factors, dieting behavior, baseline BMI, and weight change. Results were consistent when the exposures were modeled in categories of consumption and quintiles. CONCLUSIONS In young adults, long-term ASB, SSB, and TSB consumption were associated with increased risks of T2D. However, the estimates for ASB were attenuated when accounting for weight changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Hirahatake
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - James M Shikany
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, MN, USA,Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Luohua Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nathan D Wong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA,Heart Disease Prevention Program, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrew O Odegaard
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA,Address correspondence to AOO (E-mail: )
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Daily intake of soft drinks is associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression in Chinese adolescents. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22:2553-2560. [PMID: 31097051 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019001009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association of soft drink consumption with mental problems in Asian adolescents has not been reported. The present study aimed to investigate the association of soft drink consumption and symptoms of anxiety and depression in adolescents in China. DESIGN A cross-sectional study to investigate the association of intake of soft drinks and sugars from soft drinks with symptoms of anxiety and depression measured by the two-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), respectively. SETTING A comprehensive university in Changsha, China. PARTICIPANTS Newly enrolled college students in 2017. RESULT In total, 8226 students completed the investigation and 8085 students with no systemic disorders were finally analysed. Students consuming soft drinks ≥7 times/week had significantly higher (mean difference; 95 % CI) GAD-2 (0·15; 0·07, 0·23) and PHQ-2 (0·27; 0·19, 0·35) scores compared with those barely consuming soft drinks, adjusted for demographic and behavioural factors. Those consuming >25 g sugar/d from soft drinks had significantly higher GAD-2 (0·11; 0·04, 0·18) and PHQ-2 (0·22; 0·15, 0·29) scores compared with non-consumers. The mediation effect of obesity in the associations was not clinically significant. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents consuming soft drinks ≥7 times/week, or >25 g sugar/d from soft drinks, had significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression. Dietary suggestion is needed to prevent anxiety and depression in adolescents.
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Suh H, Kavouras SA. Water intake and hydration state in children. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:475-496. [PMID: 30506317 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although low water intake has been associated with adverse health outcomes, available literature indicated that the majority of children do not meet the water intake guidelines and they are underhydrated based on elevated hydration biomarkers. This review examined the water intake habits and hydration status in children from 32 observational studies (n = 36813). METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL were used to identify relevant articles. Total water/fluid intake from 25 countries was compared with water intake recommendations and underhydration (urine osmolality greater than 800 mmol kg-1) was assessed. Risk of bias was assessed using customized categories following the review guideline for observational studies. RESULTS From 32 studies, only 11 studies reported both water intake and hydration status. 12 out of 24 studies reported mean/median water/fluid intake below the guidelines, while 4 out of 13 studies that assessed hydration status indicated underhydration based on urine osmolality (greater than 800 mmol kg-1). Among the 19 countries that reported comparison of water/fluid intake with guidelines, 60 ± 24% of children (range 10-98%) failed to meet them. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that children are not consuming enough water to be adequately hydrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyunGyu Suh
- Hydration Science Lab, Arizona State University, Arizona Biomedical Collaborate, Suite 133, 425 N 5th St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Stavros A Kavouras
- Hydration Science Lab, Arizona State University, Arizona Biomedical Collaborate, Suite 133, 425 N 5th St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
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Basto-Abreu A, Braverman-Bronstein A, Camacho-García-Formentí D, Zepeda-Tello R, Popkin BM, Rivera-Dommarco J, Hernández-Ávila M, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T. Expected changes in obesity after reformulation to reduce added sugars in beverages: A modeling study. PLoS Med 2018; 15:e1002664. [PMID: 30289898 PMCID: PMC6173390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several strategies have been proposed to reduce the intake of added sugars in the population. In Mexico, a 10% sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) tax was implemented in 2014, and the implementation of other nutritional policies, such as product reformulation to reduce added sugars, is under discussion. WHO recommends that all individuals consume less than 10% of their total energy intake (TEI) from added sugars. We propose gradually reducing added sugars in SSBs to achieve an average 10% consumption of added sugars in the Mexican population over 10 years and to estimate the expected impact of reformulation in adult body weight and obesity. METHODS AND FINDINGS Baseline consumption for added sugars and SSBs, sex, age, socioeconomic status (SES), height, and weight for Mexican adults were obtained from the 2012 Mexico National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT). On average, 12.6% of the TEI was contributed by added sugars; we defined a 50% reduction in added sugars in SSBs over 10 years as a reformulation target. Using a dynamic weight change model, sugar reductions were translated into individual expected changes in body weight assuming a 43% caloric compensation and a 2-year lag for the full effect of reformulation to occur. Results were stratified by sex, age, and SES. Twelve years after reformulation, the TEI from added sugars is expected to decrease to 10%, assuming no compensation from added sugars; 44% of the population would still be above WHO recommendations, requiring further sugar reductions to food. Body weight could be reduced by 1.3 kg (95% CI -1.4 to -1.2) in the adult population, and obesity could decrease 3.9 percentage points (pp; -12.5% relative to baseline). Our sensitivity analyses suggest that the impact of the intervention could vary from 0.12 kg after 6 months to 1.52 kg in the long term. CONCLUSIONS Reformulation to reduce added sugars in SSBs could produce large reductions in sugar consumption and obesity in the Mexican adult population. This study is limited by the use of a single dietary recall and by data collected in all seasons except summer; still, these limitations should lead to conservative estimates of the reformulation effect. Reformulation success could depend on government enforcement and industry and consumer response, for which further research and evidence are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Basto-Abreu
- National Institute of Public Health, Center for Population Health Research, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Zepeda-Tello
- National Institute of Public Health, Center for Population Health Research, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Barry M. Popkin
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Carolina Population Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Mauricio Hernández-Ávila
- University Center of Los Altos, Tepatitlan de Morelos, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Scuri S, Petrelli F, Tesauro M, Carrozzo F, Kracmarova L, Grappasonni I. Energy drink consumption: a survey in high school students and associated psychological effects. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2018; 59:E75-E79. [PMID: 29938241 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2018.59.1.898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Energy drinks represent an emerging health problem among young people. Energy drinks generally refer to a class of beverages containing sugars and various combinations of bioactive ingredients such as caffeine, taurine etc. Also the mix of energy drinks with alcohol is fairly frequent among young people and could be associated with dangerous effects. Methods In 2016-2017, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 1581 students attending eight high school in the Marche Region. Data were collected via an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Results The 27.7% of students use energy drinks and the majority, corresponding with the 93.0%, are aware of the main ingredients contained in energy drinks. The main activities for which young people use these drinks are: sport, leisure, pleasure, study. Young people who admit to using alcohol mixed with energy drinks more than 4 times a month are an alarming fact. Conclusions This research confirms that energy drinks are used more by young males and especially by those who practice sports. Furthermore, the use these beverages to increase the concentration in the study and to be more brilliant in free time, is confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Scuri
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino, Italy
| | - F Petrelli
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino, Italy
| | - M Tesauro
- Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences, Environmental Hygiene Lab, University of Milan, Italy
| | - F Carrozzo
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino, Italy
| | - L Kracmarova
- Regional Hospital of T. Bata in Zlin, Hospital Pharmacy, Czech Republic
| | - I Grappasonni
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino, Italy
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11
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Aparicio-Ugarriza R, Rumi C, Luzardo-Socorro R, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Palacios G, Bibiloni MM, Julibert A, Argelich E, Tur JA, González-Gross M. Seasonal variation and diet quality among Spanish people aged over 55 years. J Physiol Biochem 2017; 74:179-188. [PMID: 29143243 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-017-0599-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence supporting the importance of a healthy diet; however, there are few studies analyzing the seasonal variation of food intake. The present study was aimed to evaluate seasonal variation of food and energy intake in Spanish elderly also to investigate diet quality based on the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score. From a cross-sectional study, 28 individuals (39% males) aged over 55 years volunteered for a longitudinal follow-up. Dietary assessment was evaluated through 24-h dietary recalls. Energy and nutrient intake were calculated using DIAL software. Furthermore, diet quality was measured using HEI. Data was analyzed considering the interaction of sex, age, fitness status, and body composition. Cereals intake was significantly lower in summer than in winter and autumn (both p < 0.05); whereas, drinks intake was significantly higher in summer than in winter, spring, and autumn (all p < 0.01). Daily energy intake was significant higher in spring than in summer, and in autumn than in summer (p < 0.05), and energy intake from lunch was also statistically higher in spring than in summer (p < 0.01). The HEI was classified as good; however, a negative and significant association was observed between HEI and cholesterol, alcohol, and monounsaturated fatty acids intake (p < 0.01). Cereals and drinks intake and total daily energy intake changed according to seasons. This should be considered in nutritional studies. Diet quality seems not to be affected by these seasonal changes, and HEI did not show a good association with the majority of foods and macro- and micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Aparicio-Ugarriza
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Martin Fierro no. 7, E-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Rumi
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Martin Fierro no. 7, E-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Luzardo-Socorro
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Martin Fierro no. 7, E-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Mielgo-Ayuso
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Martin Fierro no. 7, E-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Palacios
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Martin Fierro no. 7, E-28040, Madrid, Spain.,CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Madrid, Spain
| | - M M Bibiloni
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Madrid, Spain.,Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - A Julibert
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - E Argelich
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Madrid, Spain.,Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - J A Tur
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Madrid, Spain.,Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Martin Fierro no. 7, E-28040, Madrid, Spain. .,CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Giordano M, Ciarambino T, Castellino P, Malatino L, Cataliotti A, Rinaldi L, Paolisso G, Adinolfi LE. Seasonal variations of hyponatremia in the emergency department: Age-related changes. Am J Emerg Med 2017; 35:749-752. [PMID: 28131601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE We investigated seasonal prevalence of hyponatremia in the emergency department (ED). DESIGN A cross-sectional study using clinical chart review. SETTING University Hospital ED, with approximately 28 000 patient visits a year. TYPE OF PARTICIPANTS We reviewed 15 049 patients, subdivided in 2 groups: the adult group consisting of 9822 patients aged between 18 and 64years old and the elderly group consisting of 5227 patients aged over 65years presenting to the ED between January 1st, 2014 and December 31st, 2015. INTERVENTION Emergency patients were evaluated for the presence of hyponatremia by clinical chart review. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Hyponatremia was defined as a serum sodium level<135mmol/l. Mean monthly prevalence of hyponatremia was of 3.74±0.5% in the adult group and it was significantly increased to 10.3±0.7% in the elderly group (p<0.05 vs adults). During the summer, hyponatremia prevalence was of 4.14±0.2% in adult and markedly increased to 12.52±0.7% (zenith) in elderly patients (p<0.01 vs adult group; p<0.05 vs other seasons in elderly group). In the elderly group, we reported a significant correlation between weather temperature and hyponatremia prevalence (r: 0.491; p<0.05). CONCLUSION We observed a major influence of climate on the prevalence of hyponatremia in the elderly in the ED. Decline in renal function, salt loss, reduced salt intake and increased water ingestion could all contribute to developing hyponatremia in elderly patients during the summer. These data could be useful for emergency physicians to prevent hot weather-induced hyponatremia in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Giordano
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatrics Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Italy.
| | - Tiziana Ciarambino
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatrics Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Italy
| | - Pietro Castellino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Malatino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Luca Rinaldi
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatrics Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatrics Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Italy
| | - Luigi Elio Adinolfi
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatrics Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Italy
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13
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Impact of Natural Juice Consumption on Plasma Antioxidant Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Molecules 2015; 20:22146-56. [PMID: 26690399 PMCID: PMC6331866 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress may lead to overproduction of reactive species and a decrease in antioxidant defenses, resulting in chronic diseases such as diabetes and cancer. The consumption of natural compounds with an antioxidant profile may be a preventive alternative. Therefore, we aimed to obtain evidence regarding the potential antioxidant activity of juices in human plasma. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed, which included randomized controlled trials that compared the use of fruit or vegetable juices vs. placebo or other beverages. An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, and SciELO. The outcome measures extracted were related to antioxidant status, e.g., vitamin C, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels and reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant capacity measured as TEAC. Results: Twenty-eight trials were identified (n = 1089), of which 16 were used for meta-analysis. No significant differences were observed between juices and placebo with regard to TEAC, SOD, and CAT. However, juices were superior to control in enhancing vitamin C and reducing MDA. Conclusions: Natural juices are possible candidates for the management of oxidative stress. The effects of juices should be further investigated by conducting larger and well-defined trials of longer duration.
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