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Ceylani T, Önlü H, Keskin S, Allahverdi H, Teker HT. SCD Probiotics mitigate cafeteria diet-induced liver damage in Wistar rats during development. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:2142-2151. [PMID: 37963489 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The liver plays a critical role in metabolic homeostasis, and its health is often compromised by poor dietary habits. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of SCD Probiotics in mitigating adverse liver effects induced by a cafeteria diet in male Wistar rats during their developmental period. METHODS Four groups of seven male Wistar rats each were subjected to different dietary regimens from day 21 (weaning) to day 56. The groups were as follows: a control group on normal feed; a probiotic-supplemented group on normal feed; a group on a cafeteria diet mixed with normal feed; and a group on a cafeteria diet mixed with normal feed, supplemented with SCD Probiotics. Liver health was assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and histopathological evaluations. RESULTS Rats on the cafeteria diet exhibited significant disruptions in lipid, protein, cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and glycogen/phosphate content. Histopathological abnormalities such as lymphocytic infiltration, steatosis, and necrosis were also observed. However, SCD Probiotics supplementation led to notable improvements in the liver's biomolecular composition and mitigated histopathological abnormalities. Serum liver enzyme levels (AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH) also showed beneficial effects, while serum albumin levels remained stable. CONCLUSIONS SCD Probiotics demonstrated a promising potential to counteract the adverse liver effects induced by a cafeteria diet in male Wistar rats. The study revealed significant improvements in biomolecular composition, histopathology, and serum enzyme levels. However, these findings are preliminary and necessitate further in vivo studies and clinical trials for validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Ceylani
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
- Department of Food Quality Control and Analysis, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Harun Önlü
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
- Department of Food Quality Control and Analysis, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Seda Keskin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Allahverdi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Taner Teker
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
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Shintani T, Shintani H, Sato M, Ashida H. Calorie restriction mimetic drugs could favorably influence gut microbiota leading to lifespan extension. GeroScience 2023; 45:3475-3490. [PMID: 37389698 PMCID: PMC10643761 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00851-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) can prolong human lifespan, but enforcing long-term CR is difficult. Thus, a drug that reproduces the effects of CR without CR is required. More than 10 drugs have been listed as CR mimetics (CRM), and some of which are conventionally categorized as upstream-type CRMs showing glycolytic inhibition, whereas the others are categorized as downstream-type CRMs that regulate or genetically modulate intracellular signaling proteins. Intriguingly, recent reports have revealed the beneficial effects of CRMs on the body such as improving the host body condition via intestinal bacteria and their metabolites. This beneficial effect of gut microbiota may lead to lifespan extension. Thus, CRMs may have a dual effect on longevity. However, no reports have collectively discussed them as CRMs; hence, our knowledge about CRM and its physiological effects on the host remains fragmentary. This study is the first to present and collectively discuss the accumulative evidence of CRMs improving the gut environments for healthy lifespan extension, after enumerating the latest scientific findings related to the gut microbiome and CR. The conclusion drawn from this discussion is that CRM may partially extend the lifespan through its effect on the gut microbiota. CRMs increase beneficial bacteria abundance by decreasing harmful bacteria rather than increasing the diversity of the microbiome. Thus, the effect of CRMs on the gut could be different from that of conventional prebiotics and seemed similar to that of next-generation prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Shintani
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-Cho, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.
- The Japanese Clinical Nutrition Association, 2-16-28 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-0044, Japan.
| | - Hideya Shintani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Towa Hospital, 4-13-15 Tanabe, Higashisumiyoshi, Osaka, 546-0031, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Izuo Hospital, 3-4-5 Kitamura, Taisho, Osaka, 551-0032, Japan
| | - Masashi Sato
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, 2393 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0701, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ashida
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa, Wakayama, 649-6493, Japan
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Liu S, Liu Y, Zhang D, Li H, Shao X, Xie P, Li J. Novel insights into perfluorinated compound-induced hepatotoxicity: Chronic dietary restriction exacerbates the effects of PFBS on hepatic lipid metabolism in mice. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 181:108274. [PMID: 37879206 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorobutane sulfonates (PFBS) have garnered extensive utilization because of their distinctive physicochemical properties. The liver acts as a key target organ for toxicity within the body and is vital for regulating metabolic processes, particularly lipid metabolism. However, there is currently a significant research gap regarding the influences of PFBS on hepatic lipid metabolism, especially in individuals with different dietary statuses. Here, the objective of this research was to examine the effects of PFBS on hepatic function under different dietary conditions. The results suggested that the levels of liver injury biomarkers were significantly upregulated, e.g., transaminase (GPT, GOT), while liver lipid levels were downregulated after exposure to PFBS at concentration of 50 μg/L for 42 days. Moreover, restricted diet further intensified the adverse effects of PFBS on the liver. Metabolomics analysis identified significant alterations in lipid-related metabolites in PFBS-induced hepatotoxicity, PFBS exposure induced a decrease in lysophosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylcholine. PFBS exposure caused an increase in aldosterone and prostaglandin f2alpha under restricted diet. In PFBS treatment group, histidine metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism, and arginine biosynthesis were the main pathway for PFBS toxicity. Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption as a vital factor in inducing PFBS toxicity in the RD-PFBS treatment group. The analysis of 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that exposure to PFBS resulted in imbalance of gut microbial communities. PFBS exposure induced a decrease in Akkermansia and Lactobacillus, but an increase in Enterococcus. PFBS exposure caused the abundance of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group was significantly elevated under restricted diet. Additionally, disruptions in the expression of genes involved in lipid production and consumption may significantly contribute to lipid imbalance in the liver. This study underscores the importance of recognizing the harmful impact of PFBS on liver function, along with the biotoxicity of contaminant influenced by dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Liu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yafeng Liu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huan Li
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xicheng Shao
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Vancouver Campus, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Pengfei Xie
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianmei Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Wang L, Wang F, Xiong L, Song H, Ren B, Shen X. A nexus of dietary restriction and gut microbiota: Recent insights into metabolic health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-23. [PMID: 37154021 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2202750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent times, dietary restriction (DR) has received considerable attention for its promising effects on metabolism and longevity. Previous studies on DR have mainly focused on the health benefits produced by different restriction patterns, whereas comprehensive reviews of the role of gut microbiota during DR are limited. In this review, we discuss the effects of caloric restriction, fasting, protein restriction, and amino acid restriction from a microbiome perspective. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms by which DR affects metabolic health by regulating intestinal homeostasis are summarized. Specifically, we reviewed the impacts of different DRs on specific gut microbiota. Additionally, we put forward the limitations of the current research and suggest the development of personalized microbes-directed DR for different populations and corresponding next-generation sequencing technologies for accurate microbiological analysis. DR effectively modulates the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. In particular, DR markedly affects the rhythmic oscillation of microbes which may be related to the circadian clock system. Moreover, increasing evidence supports that DR profoundly improves metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and cognitive impairment. To summarize, DR may be an effective and executable dietary manipulation strategy for maintaining metabolic health, however, further investigation is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luanfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Ren
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
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Impact of caloric restriction on the gut microbiota. Curr Opin Microbiol 2023; 73:102287. [PMID: 36868081 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) and related time-restricted diets have been popularized as means of preventing metabolic disease while improving general well-being. However, evidence as to their long-term efficacy, adverse effects, and mechanisms of activity remains incompletely understood. The gut microbiota is modulated by such dietary approaches, yet causal evidence to its possible downstream impacts on host metabolism remains elusive. Herein, we discuss the positive and adverse influences of restrictive dietary interventions on gut microbiota composition and function, and their collective impacts on host health and disease risk. We highlight known mechanisms of microbiota influences on the host, such as modulation of bioactive metabolites, while discussing challenges in achieving mechanistic dietary-microbiota insights, including interindividual variability in dietary responses as well as other methodological and conceptual challenges. In all, causally understanding the impact of CR approaches on the gut microbiota may enable to better decode their overall influences on human physiology and disease.
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Hernández-Calderón P, Wiedemann L, Benítez-Páez A. The microbiota composition drives personalized nutrition: Gut microbes as predictive biomarkers for the success of weight loss diets. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1006747. [PMID: 36211501 PMCID: PMC9537590 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1006747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The investigation of the human gut microbiome during recent years has permitted us to understand its relevance for human health at a systemic level, making it possible to establish different functional axes (e.g., the gut-brain, gut-liver, and gut-lung axes), which support the organ-like status conferred to this microecological component of our body. The human gut microbiota is extremely variable but modifiable via diet, a fact that allows targeting of microbes through defined dietary strategies to uncover cost-effective therapies to minimize the burden of non-communicable diseases such as pandemic obesity and overweight and its metabolic comorbidities. Nevertheless, randomly controlled dietary interventions regularly exhibit low to moderate degrees of success in weight control, making their implementation difficult in clinical practice. Here, we review the predictive value of the baseline gut microbiota configurations to anticipate the success of dietary interventions aimed at weight loss, mostly based on caloric restriction regimes and oral fiber supplementation. This emergent research concept fits into precision medicine by considering different diet patterns and adopting the best one, based on the individual microbiota composition, to reach significant adiposity reduction and improve metabolic status. We review the results from this fresh perspective of investigation, taking into account studies released very recently. We also discuss some future outlooks in the field and potential pitfalls to overcome with the aim of gaining knowledge in the field and achieving breakthroughs in personalized nutrition.
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Marquez A, Andrada E, Russo M, Bolondi ML, Fabersani E, Medina R, Gauffin-Cano P. Characterization of autochthonous lactobacilli from goat dairy products with probiotic potential for metabolic diseases. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10462. [PMID: 36091951 PMCID: PMC9459688 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to design functional fermented goat milk with probiotic potential for metabolic diseases. Thereby, autochthonous lactobacilli from goat dairy products that target improving the inflammatory, lipid, and glycemic profile were characterized. We designed fermented goat milk using Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. indicus CRL1447 as starter strain, supplemented with different probiotic consortia formed by Limosilactobacillus fermentum CRL1446, Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum CRL1449, and CRL1472 strains. These lactobacilli were selected for their positive effects on inhibition of α-glucosidase, bile salts hydrolase activity, cholesterol assimilation, and decreased triglyceride percentage in Caenorhabditis elegans. Furthermore, the lactobacilli oral administration to obese mice caused a significant decrease in body weight gain and ameliorated hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia. These results reveal the potential of this goat dairy product as a functional food to prevent obesity and related pathologies. Goat milk-derived products stand out for their marketing potential. Hence, fermented goat milk incorporating novel probiotics represents a group of food products with broad prospects by their promising nutritive and therapeutic properties for metabolic diseases. The goat dairy product designed in this study could be used in the prevention of dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia in obese people. New probiotic consortium (CRL1449, CRL1472, and CRL1446) was selected. The probiotic consortium showed in vitro immuno and adipomodulatory properties. Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. indicus CRL1447 was selected as a starter culture for fermented milk elaboration. Manufacturing of a functional fermented goat milk with a new probiotic consortium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonela Marquez
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Estefanía Andrada
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Avda. Pte. N. Kirchner 1900, T4000INH, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Matias Russo
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María Lujan Bolondi
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Emanuel Fabersani
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Avda. Pte. N. Kirchner 1900, T4000INH, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Roxana Medina
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Avda. Pte. N. Kirchner 1900, T4000INH, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Corresponding author.
| | - Paola Gauffin-Cano
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Corresponding author.
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Effects of Probiotic Supplementation during Pregnancy on the Future Maternal Risk of Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158253. [PMID: 35897822 PMCID: PMC9330652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganisms that induce health benefits in the host. Taking probiotics is generally safe and well tolerated by pregnant women and their children. Consumption of probiotics can result in both prophylactic and therapeutic effects. In healthy adult humans, the gut microbiome is stable at the level of the dominant taxa: Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, and has a higher presence of Verrucomicrobia. During pregnancy, an increase in the number of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria phyla and a decrease in the beneficial species Roseburia intestinalis and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii are observed. Pregnancy is a "window" to the mother's future health. The aim of this paper is to review studies assessing the potentially beneficial effects of probiotics in preventing the development of diseases that appear during pregnancy, which are currently considered as risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome, and consequently, reducing the risk of developing maternal metabolic syndrome in the future. The use of probiotics in gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia and excessive gestational weight gain is reviewed. Probiotics are a relatively new intervention that can prevent the development of these disorders during pregnancy, and thus, would reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome resulting from these disorders in the mother's future.
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Anderson EM, Rozowsky JM, Fazzone BJ, Schmidt EA, Stevens BR, O’Malley KA, Scali ST, Berceli SA. Temporal Dynamics of the Intestinal Microbiome Following Short-Term Dietary Restriction. Nutrients 2022; 14:2785. [PMID: 35889742 PMCID: PMC9318361 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-term dietary restriction has been proposed as an intriguing pre-operative conditioning strategy designed to attenuate the surgical stress response and improve outcomes. However, it is unclear how this nutritional intervention influences the microbiome, which is known to modulate the systemic condition. Healthy individuals were recruited to participate in a four-day, 70% protein-restricted, 30% calorie-restricted diet, and stool samples were collected at baseline, after the restricted diet, and after resuming normal food intake. Taxonomy and functional pathway analysis was performed via shotgun metagenomic sequencing, prevalence filtering, and differential abundance analysis. High prevalence species were altered by the dietary intervention but quickly returned to baseline after restarting a regular diet. Composition and functional changes after the restricted diet included the decreased relative abundance of commensal bacteria and a catabolic phenotype. Notable species changes included Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis, which are major butyrate producers within the colon and are characteristically decreased in many disease states. The macronutrient components of the diet might have influenced these changes. We conclude that short-term dietary restriction modulates the ecology of the gut microbiome, with this modulation being characterized by a relative dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik M. Anderson
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jared M. Rozowsky
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Brian J. Fazzone
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Emilie A. Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Bruce R. Stevens
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Kerri A. O’Malley
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Salvatore T. Scali
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Scott A. Berceli
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Frappier M, Auclair J, Bouasker S, Gunaratnam S, Diarra C, Millette M. Screening and Characterization of Some Lactobacillaceae for Detection of Cholesterol-Lowering Activities. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 14:873-883. [PMID: 35704269 PMCID: PMC9474388 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09959-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia, specifically abnormal levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), is an important risk factor of cardiovascular disease. Evidence showing the promising abilities of probiotics to lower total cholesterol or LDL-C has, however, not yet convinced experts to recommend probiotic bacteria as treatment for blood lipid management. Therefore, there are opportunities for the development of new efficient cholesterol-lowering probiotics. Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) and feruloyl esterase (FAE) are bacterial enzymes proposed to explain the cholesterol-lowering capacity of some bacteria and have both been shown to be responsible for lipid reduction in vivo. Here, in order to select for cholesterol-lowering bacteria, 70 strains related to Lactobacillaceae were screened for BSH and FAE activities. Based on this two-way screening approach, two bacteria were selected and assessed for their capacity to assimilate cholesterol in vitro, another suggested mechanism. Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285 showed BSH and FAE activity as well as capacity to assimilate cholesterol in vitro. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CHOL-200 exhibited BSH activity and ability to assimilate cholesterol. These properties observed in vitro make both strains good probiotic candidates for the management of dyslipidemia. Further investigation is needed to assess their ability to reduce blood cholesterol in human trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Frappier
- Bio-K Plus International Inc., a Kerry Company, 495 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval, QC, H7V 4B3, Canada
| | - Julie Auclair
- Bio-K Plus International Inc., a Kerry Company, 495 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval, QC, H7V 4B3, Canada
| | - Samir Bouasker
- Bio-K Plus International Inc., a Kerry Company, 495 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval, QC, H7V 4B3, Canada
| | - Sathursha Gunaratnam
- Bio-K Plus International Inc., a Kerry Company, 495 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval, QC, H7V 4B3, Canada
| | - Carine Diarra
- Bio-K Plus International Inc., a Kerry Company, 495 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval, QC, H7V 4B3, Canada
| | - Mathieu Millette
- Bio-K Plus International Inc., a Kerry Company, 495 Armand-Frappier Boulevard, Laval, QC, H7V 4B3, Canada.
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Kim JH, Lee ES, Kim BM, Ham JS, Oh MH. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of cinnamoyl esterase-producing Lactobacilli and their application in fermented rice bran. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:3130-3139. [PMID: 34791662 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cinnamoyl esterase (CE) can release antioxidant phenolic acids from its non-digestible ester-linked form. Fermentation using CE-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can be useful in the food industry because of its ability to produce bioactive compounds and antibacterial metabolites. The purpose of this study was to confirm the food applicability of LAB with CE-producing ability and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. RESULTS Among the 219 bacterial strains identified in infant feces, five Lactobacillus gasseri and six Limosilactobacillus fermentum with a high CE activity were isolated. The survival rate of all selected LABs was > 95% at pH 2.5 for 3 h and > 70% when treated with 0.3% bile salt for 4 h. Moreover, cell-free supernatants of all strains strongly inhibited five food-borne bacterial pathogens (Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus) and three toxin-producing fungal pathogens (Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp., and Fusarium oxysporum). To improve phenolic acid content and rice bran preservation, Limosilactobacillus fermentum J2 with the strongest CE activity and Lactobacillus gasseri N2 with the strongest antibacterial activity were used in rice bran fermentation, respectively. FRB-J2 (fermented rice bran with Limosilactobacillus fermentum J2) and FRB-N2 (fermented rice bran with Lactobacillus gasseri N2) significantly increased caffeic acid and ferulic acid (P < 0.01). FRB-J2 and FRB-N2 artificially inoculated with F. oxysporum showed no visible fungal growth during the test period (21 days). CONCLUSION Fermentation by Limosilactobacillus fermentum J2 and Lactobacillus gasseri N2 can help extend the shelf life of rice bran-based products and produce bioactive compounds. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hui Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Seon Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bu-Min Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Sang Ham
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Oh
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
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12
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Paulino do Nascimento LC, Lacerda DC, Ferreira DJS, de Souza EL, de Brito Alves JL. Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Current Evidence on the Antioxidant Properties and Opportunities to be Exploited as a Probiotic Microorganism. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 14:960-979. [PMID: 35467236 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09943-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The unbalance in the production and removal of oxygen-reactive species in the human organism leads to oxidative stress, a physiological condition commonly linked to the occurrence of cancer, neurodegenerative, inflammatory, and metabolic disorders. The implications of oxidative stress in the gut have been associated with gut microbiota impairments and gut dysbiosis. Some lactobacilli strains have shown an efficient antioxidant system capable of protecting against oxidative stress and related-chronic diseases. Recently, in vitro and experimental studies and some clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of the administration of various Limosilactobacillus fermentum strains to modulate beneficially the host antioxidant system resulting in the amelioration of a variety of systemic diseases phenotypes. This review presents and discusses the currently available studies on identifying L. fermentum strains with anti-oxidant properties, their sources, range of the administered doses, and duration of the intervention in experiments with animals and clinical trials. This review strives to serve as a relevant and well-cataloged reference of L. fermentum strains with capabilities of inducing anti-oxidant effects and health-promoting benefits to the host, envisaging their broad applicability to disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Cabral Lacerda
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I - João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Evandro Leite de Souza
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I - João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - José Luiz de Brito Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I - João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
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13
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Gut microbiota-bile acid crosstalk contributes to the rebound weight gain after calorie restriction in mice. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2060. [PMID: 35440584 PMCID: PMC9018700 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) and fasting are common approaches to weight reduction, but the maintenance is difficult after resuming food consumption. Meanwhile, the gut microbiome associated with energy harvest alters dramatically in response to nutrient deprivation. Here, we reported that CR and high-fat diet (HFD) both remodeled the gut microbiota with similar microbial composition, Parabacteroides distasonis was most significantly decreased after CR or HFD. CR altered microbiota and reprogramed metabolism, resulting in a distinct serum bile acid profile characterized by depleting the proportion of non-12α-hydroxylated bile acids, ursodeoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid. Downregulation of UCP1 expression in brown adipose tissue and decreased serum GLP-1 were observed in the weight-rebound mice. Moreover, treatment with Parabacteroides distasonis or non-12α-hydroxylated bile acids ameliorated weight regain via increased thermogenesis. Our results highlighted the gut microbiota-bile acid crosstalk in rebound weight gain and Parabacteroides distasonis as a potential probiotic to prevent rapid post-CR weight gain. Caloric restriction is a common approach to weight reduction, however, weight regain is common. Here the authors report that caloric restriction reduces the abundance of Parabacteroides distasonis in the gut and alters serum bile acid (BA) profile, which contribute to weight regain in mice.
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14
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The Therapeutic Role of Exercise and Probiotics in Stressful Brain Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073610. [PMID: 35408972 PMCID: PMC8998860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been recognized as a contributing factor in aging and in the progression of multiple neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s dementia, ischemic stroke, and head and spinal cord injury. The increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, altered metal homeostasis, and compromised brain antioxidant defence. All these changes have been reported to directly affect synaptic activity and neurotransmission in neurons, leading to cognitive dysfunction. In this context two non-invasive strategies could be employed in an attempt to improve the aforementioned stressful brain status. In this regard, it has been shown that exercise could increase the resistance against oxidative stress, thus providing enhanced neuroprotection. Indeed, there is evidence suggesting that regular physical exercise diminishes BBB permeability as it reinforces antioxidative capacity, reduces oxidative stress, and has anti-inflammatory effects. However, the differential effects of different types of exercise (aerobic exhausted exercise, anaerobic exercise, or the combination of both types) and the duration of physical activity will be also addressed in this review as likely determinants of therapeutic efficacy. The second proposed strategy is related to the use of probiotics, which can also reduce some biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines, although their underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. Moreover, various probiotics produce neuroactive molecules that directly or indirectly impact signalling in the brain. In this review, we will discuss how physical activity can be incorporated as a component of therapeutic strategies in oxidative stress-based neurological disorders along with the augmentation of probiotics intake.
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15
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Abstract
Identifying ways to deal with the challenges presented by aging is an urgent task, as we are facing an aging society. External factors such as diet, exercise and drug therapy have proven to be major elements in controlling healthy aging and prolonging life expectancy. More recently, the intestinal microbiota has also become a key factor in the anti-aging process. As the intestinal microbiota changes with aging, an imbalance in intestinal microorganisms can lead to many age-related degenerative diseases and unhealthy aging. This paper reviews recent research progress on the relationship between intestinal microorganisms and anti-aging effects, focusing on the changes and beneficial effects of intestinal microorganisms under dietary intervention, exercise and drug intervention. In addition, bacteriotherapy has been used to prevent frailty and unhealthy aging. Most of these anti-aging approaches improve the aging process and age-related diseases by regulating the homeostasis of intestinal flora and promoting a healthy intestinal environment. Intervention practices based on intestinal microorganisms show great potential in the field of anti-aging medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjiao Du
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Deying Yang
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,CONTACT Mingyao Yang Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan611130, P. R. China
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16
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Fabersani E, Marquez A, Russo M, Ross R, Torres S, Fontana C, Puglisi E, Medina R, Gauffin-Cano P. Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Differently Modulate Gut Microbiota and Metabolic and Immunological Parameters in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Front Nutr 2021; 8:718564. [PMID: 34568404 PMCID: PMC8458958 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.718564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Dietary strategies, including the use of probiotics as preventive agents that modulate the gut microbiota and regulate the function of adipose tissue, are suitable tools for the prevention or amelioration of obesity and its comorbidities. We aimed to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with different adipo- and immuno-modulatory capacities on metabolic and immunological parameters and intestinal composition microbiota in high-fat-diet-induced in mice fed a high-fat diet Methods: Balb/c weaning male mice were fed a standard (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) with or without supplementation with Limosilactobacillus fermentum CRL1446 (CRL1446), Lactococcus lactis CRL1434 (CRL1434), or Lacticaseibacillus casei CRL431 (CRL431) for 45 days. Biochemical and immunological parameters, white-adipose tissue histology, gut microbiota composition, and ex vivo cellular functionality (adipocytes and macrophages) were evaluated in SD and HFD mice. Results: CRL1446 and CRL1434 administration, unlike CRL431, induced significant changes in the body and adipose tissue weights and the size of adipocytes. Also, these strains caused a decrease in plasmatic glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, leptin, TNF-α, IL-6 levels, and an increase of IL-10. The CRL1446 and CRL1434 obese adipocyte in ex vivo functionality assays showed, after LPS stimulus, a reduction in leptin secretion compared to obese control, while with CRL431, no change was observed. In macrophages from obese mice fed with CRL1446 and CRL1434, after LPS stimulus, lower levels of MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6 compared to obese control were observed. In contrast, CRL431 did not induce modification of cytokine values. Regarding gut microbiota, all strain administration caused a decrease in Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes index and diversity. As well as, related to genus results, all strains increased, mainly the genera Alistipes, Dorea, Barnesiella, and Clostridium XIVa. CRL1446 induced a higher increase in the Lactobacillus genus during the study period. Conclusions: The tested probiotic strains differentially modulated the intestinal microbiota and metabolic/immunological parameters in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. These results suggest that CRL1446 and CRL1434 strains could be used as adjuvant probiotics strains for nutritional treatment to obesity and overweight. At the same time, the CRL431 strain could be more beneficial in pathologies that require regulation of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Fabersani
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Antonela Marquez
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos -CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Matías Russo
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos -CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Romina Ross
- Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria -CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina.,Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Torres
- Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal -CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Fontana
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Edoardo Puglisi
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Roxana Medina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.,Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos -CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Paola Gauffin-Cano
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos -CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina.,Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino, Tucumán, Argentina
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17
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Kökten T, Hansmannel F, Ndiaye NC, Heba AC, Quilliot D, Dreumont N, Arnone D, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Calorie Restriction as a New Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1558-1570. [PMID: 33554240 PMCID: PMC8321869 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immoderate calorie intake coupled with a sedentary lifestyle are major determinants of health issues and inflammatory diseases in modern society. The balance between energy consumption and energy expenditure is critical for longevity. Excessive energy intake and adiposity cause systemic inflammation, whereas calorie restriction (CR) without malnutrition, exerts a potent anti-inflammatory effect. The objective of this review was to provide an overview of different strategies used to reduce calorie intake, discuss physiological mechanisms by which CR might lead to improved health outcomes, and summarize the present knowledge about inflammatory diseases. We discuss emerging data of observational studies and randomized clinical trials on CR that have been shown to reduce inflammation and improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunay Kökten
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
| | - Franck Hansmannel
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
| | - Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
| | - Anne-Charlotte Heba
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
| | - Didier Quilliot
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU)-Nancy, Department of Diabetology-Endocrinology-Nutrition, Nancy, France
| | - Natacha Dreumont
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
| | - Djésia Arnone
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
| | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm U1256 NGERE (Nutrition—Genetics and Exposure to Environmental Risks), Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU)-Nancy, Department of Gastroenterology, Nancy, France
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18
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Palaniyandi SA, Damodharan K, Suh JW, Yang SH. Probiotic Characterization of Cholesterol-Lowering Lactobacillus fermentum MJM60397. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:1161-1172. [PMID: 31432401 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09585-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lactobacillus fermentum MJM60397 was subjected to in vitro safety tests and in vivo probiotic characterization. The MJM60397 strain was susceptible to antibiotics and was found to be non-mucinolytic and non-hemolytic, and does not produce bioamines. In addition, MJM60397 tolerated simulated oro-gastrointestinal conditions and adhered to Caco-2 cells. MJM60397 also exhibited bile salt hydrolase activity and could deconjugate bile acids. The hypocholesterolemic effects of strain MJM60397 were studied in high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemic male ICR mice. The mice were fed a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) and were divided into the following three experimental groups: HCD-control (HCD-Con), mice fed with HCD + L. fermentum MJM60397 (HCD-MJM60397), and mice fed with HCD + L. acidophilus ATCC 43121 (HCD-L.ac) as the positive control. Simultaneously, a normal control diet (NCD) group was maintained. After 7 weeks, the total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were significantly reduced in the livers of the HCD-MJM60397 mice when compared to those in the HCD-Con and HCD-L.ac mice. Fecal total bile acid content was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the HCD-MJM60397 group than in the NCD, HCD-Con, and HCD-L.ac groups. Analysis of gene expression revealed higher expression of LDLR gene in the livers of the HCD-MJM60397 and HCD-L.ac mice than in the livers of the HCD-Con mice. These findings show that the hypocholesterolemic effects of the MJM60397 strain were attributable to its bile salt deconjugating activity, which resulted in decreased bile acid absorption and increased excretion of bile acids in the feces. These results indicate that L. fermentum MJM60397 could be developed into a potential probiotic for reducing the serum cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasikumar Arunachalam Palaniyandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Mepco Nagar, Mepco Engineering College Post, Sivakasi, Tamilnadu, 626005, India
| | - Karthiyaini Damodharan
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, 17058, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Hwan Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Chonnam, 59626, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Rodríguez-Daza MC, Pulido-Mateos EC, Lupien-Meilleur J, Guyonnet D, Desjardins Y, Roy D. Polyphenol-Mediated Gut Microbiota Modulation: Toward Prebiotics and Further. Front Nutr 2021; 8:689456. [PMID: 34268328 PMCID: PMC8276758 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.689456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome of gut microbes encodes a collection of enzymes whose metabolic functions contribute to the bioavailability and bioactivity of unabsorbed (poly)phenols. Datasets from high throughput sequencing, metabolome measurements, and other omics have expanded the understanding of the different modes of actions by which (poly)phenols modulate the microbiome conferring health benefits to the host. Progress have been made to identify direct prebiotic effects of (poly)phenols; albeit up to date, these compounds are not recognized as prebiotics sensu stricto. Interestingly, certain probiotics strains have an enzymatic repertoire, such as tannase, α-L-rhamnosidase, and phenolic acid reductase, involved in the transformation of different (poly)phenols into bioactive phenolic metabolites. In vivo studies have demonstrated that these (poly)phenol-transforming bacteria thrive when provided with phenolic substrates. However, other taxonomically distinct gut symbionts of which a phenolic-metabolizing activity has not been demonstrated are still significantly promoted by (poly)phenols. This is the case of Akkermansia muciniphila, a so-called antiobesity bacterium, which responds positively to (poly)phenols and may be partially responsible for the health benefits formerly attributed to these molecules. We surmise that (poly)phenols broad antimicrobial action free ecological niches occupied by competing bacteria, thereby allowing the bloom of beneficial gut bacteria. This review explores the capacity of (poly)phenols to promote beneficial gut bacteria through their direct and collaborative bacterial utilization and their inhibitory action on potential pathogenic species. We propose the term duplibiotic, to describe an unabsorbed substrate modulating the gut microbiota by both antimicrobial and prebiotic modes of action. (Poly)phenol duplibiotic effect could participate in blunting metabolic disturbance and gut dysbiosis, positioning these compounds as dietary strategies with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Rodríguez-Daza
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Elena C Pulido-Mateos
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Joseph Lupien-Meilleur
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Guyonnet
- Diana Nova, Symrise Nutrition, Clichy-la-Garenne, France
| | - Yves Desjardins
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Roy
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
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20
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Narasimhan H, Ren CC, Deshpande S, Sylvia KE. Young at Gut-Turning Back the Clock with the Gut Microbiome. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9030555. [PMID: 33800340 PMCID: PMC8001982 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past century, we have witnessed an increase in life-expectancy due to public health measures; however, we have also seen an increase in susceptibility to chronic disease and frailty. Microbiome dysfunction may be linked to many of the conditions that increase in prevalence with age, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer, suggesting the need for further research on these connections. Moreover, because both non-modifiable (e.g., age, sex, genetics) and environmental (e.g., diet, infection) factors can influence the microbiome, there are vast opportunities for the use of interventions related to the microbiome to promote lifespan and healthspan in aging populations. To understand the mechanisms mediating many of the interventions discussed in this review, we also provide an overview of the gut microbiome's relationships with the immune system, aging, and the brain. Importantly, we explore how inflammageing (low-grade chronic inflammation that often develops with age), systemic inflammation, and senescent cells may arise from and relate to the gut microbiome. Furthermore, we explore in detail the complex gut-brain axis and the evidence surrounding how gut dysbiosis may be implicated in several age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. We also examine current research on potential interventions for healthspan and lifespan as they relate to the changes taking place in the microbiome during aging; and we begin to explore how the reduction in senescent cells and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) interplay with the microbiome during the aging process and highlight avenues for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clarissa C. Ren
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | | | - Kristyn E. Sylvia
- The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Washington, DC 20036, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-774-226-6214
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21
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Pistollato F, Forbes-Hernandez TY, Iglesias RC, Ruiz R, Elexpuru Zabaleta M, Dominguez I, Cianciosi D, Quiles JL, Giampieri F, Battino M. Effects of caloric restriction on immunosurveillance, microbiota and cancer cell phenotype: Possible implications for cancer treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 73:45-57. [PMID: 33271317 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fasting, caloric restriction and foods or compounds mimicking the biological effects of caloric restriction, known as caloric restriction mimetics, have been associated with a lower risk of age-related diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer and cognitive decline, and a longer lifespan. Reduced calorie intake has been shown to stimulate cancer immunosurveillance, reducing the migration of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells towards the tumor bulk. Autophagy stimulation via reduction of lysine acetylation, increased sensitivity to chemo- and immunotherapy, along with a reduction of insulin-like growth factor 1 and reactive oxygen species have been described as some of the major effects triggered by caloric restriction. Fasting and caloric restriction have also been shown to beneficially influence gut microbiota composition, modify host metabolism, reduce total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, lower diastolic blood pressure and elevate morning cortisol level, with beneficial modulatory effects on cardiopulmonary fitness, body fat and weight, fatigue and weakness, and general quality of life. Moreover, caloric restriction may reduce the carcinogenic and metastatic potential of cancer stem cells, which are generally considered responsible of tumor formation and relapse. Here, we reviewed in vitro and in vivo studies describing the effects of fasting, caloric restriction and some caloric restriction mimetics on immunosurveillance, gut microbiota, metabolism, and cancer stem cell growth, highlighting the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these effects. Additionally, studies on caloric restriction interventions in cancer patients or cancer risk subjects are discussed. Considering the promising effects associated with caloric restriction and caloric restriction mimetics, we think that controlled-randomized large clinical trials are warranted to evaluate the inclusion of these non-pharmacological approaches in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pistollato
- Centre for Nutrition and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico (UEA), Santander, Spain
| | - Tamara Yuliett Forbes-Hernandez
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Roberto Ruiz
- Centre for Nutrition and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico (UEA), Santander, Spain
| | | | - Irma Dominguez
- Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana (UNINI), Camphece, Mexico; Universidade Internacional do Cuanza, Cuito, Angola
| | - Danila Cianciosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Josè L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, 18000, Spain
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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Lactobacillus fermentum: Could EPS production ability be responsible for functional properties? Food Microbiol 2020; 90:103465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Gut Microbiota during Dietary Restrictions: New Insights in Non-Communicable Diseases. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081140. [PMID: 32731505 PMCID: PMC7465033 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in dietary restrictions for their promising effects on longevity and health span. Indeed, these strategies are supposed to delay the onset and burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, diabetes, cancer and neurological and gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases. At the same time, the gut microbiota has been shown to play a crucial role in NCDs since it is actively involved in maintaining gut homeostasis through its impact on nutrients metabolism, gut barrier, and immune system. There is evidence that dietary restrictions could slow down age-related changes in the types and numbers of gut bacteria, which may counteract gut dysbiosis. The beneficial effects on gut microbiota may positively influence host metabolism, gut barrier permeability, and brain functions, and subsequently, postpone the onset of NCDs prolonging the health span. These new insights could lead to the development of novel strategies for modulating gut microbiota with the end goal of treating/preventing NCDs. This review provides an overview of animal and human studies focusing on gut microbiota variations during different types of dietary restriction, in order to highlight the close relationship between gut microbiota balance and the host's health benefits induced by these nutritional regimens.
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Hwang J, Bang I, Kim D, Shin SC, Chin YW, Kim TW, Kim HJ. Genome sequence of the potential probiotic eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCCM 51299. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:185. [PMID: 32257741 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02174-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCCM 51299, a potential probiotic yeast overproducing glutathione, has been isolated from among 272 yeast strains from the relatively safe Nuruk. The genome sequence of S. cerevisiae KCCM 51299 was analyzed and a near-complete genome (12 Mb) with 19 contigs was assembled after PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing. The genome of S. cerevisiae KCCM 51299 was compared to the S. cerevisiae s288c reference genome. Additionally, genes involved in glutathione biosynthesis were identified, and the glutathione biosynthesis pathway was constructed in silico based on these genes. Furthermore, S. cerevisiae KCCM 51299 genes were compared with those in other yeast genomes. Finally, genome-scale in silico flux analysis was carried out, and a metabolic engineering strategy for glutathione biosynthesis was generated. These results provide useful information to further develop eukaryotic probiotics to overproduce glutathione.
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Russo M, Marquez A, Herrera H, Abeijon-Mukdsi C, Saavedra L, Hebert E, Gauffin-Cano P, Medina R. Oral administration of Lactobacillus fermentum CRL1446 improves biomarkers of metabolic syndrome in mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with wheat bran. Food Funct 2020; 11:3879-3894. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00730g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluated the effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus fermentum CRL1446, feruloyl esterase producing, on metabolic biomarkers and intestinal microbiota of high fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome mice and supplemented with wheat bran.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Russo
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET
- San Miguel de Tucumán
- Argentina
| | - A. Marquez
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET
- San Miguel de Tucumán
- Argentina
| | - H. Herrera
- Facultad de Bioquímica
- Química y Farmacia
- Universidad Nacional de Tucumán
- San Miguel de Tucumán
- Argentina
| | - C. Abeijon-Mukdsi
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET
- San Miguel de Tucumán
- Argentina
| | - L. Saavedra
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET
- San Miguel de Tucumán
- Argentina
| | - E. Hebert
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET
- San Miguel de Tucumán
- Argentina
| | - P. Gauffin-Cano
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET
- San Miguel de Tucumán
- Argentina
| | - R. Medina
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET
- San Miguel de Tucumán
- Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia
- Universidad Nacional de Tucumán
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26
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Russo M, Marquez A, Abeijón-Mukdsi MC, Santacruz A, López-Malo A, Gauffin-Cano P, Medina R. Microencapsulated feruloyl esterase-producing lactobacilli ameliorate lipid profile and glycaemia in high fat diet-induced obese mice. Benef Microbes 2019; 10:189-198. [PMID: 30525955 DOI: 10.3920/bm2018.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The effect of oral administration of spray-dried microcapsules of feruloyl esterase (FE) producing Lactobacillus fermentum CRL1446 (Lf) and Lactobacillus johnsonii CRL1231 (Lj) on high fat diet-induced obese mice was investigated to evaluate whether these strains could be used as a biotherapeutic for obesity. Swiss albino mice were divided into a normal diet fed group receiving empty microcapsules (control), a high fat diet plus empty microcapsules (HFD group), HFD plus microcapsules with Lf (HFD-Lf group) and HDF plus microcapsules with Lj (HFD-Lj group). Microcapsules containing Lf or Lj at a dose of ~107 cells/day/mouse were given orally for 7 weeks. Body weight gain, adiposity index, plasma leptin, lipid profiles, glycaemia, insulinemia, oral glucose tolerance, intestinal FE, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were determined. Administration of lactobacilli (HFD-Lf and HFD-Lj groups) improved metabolic parameters (triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels) and cardiovascular risk indicators (37-46% decrease of atherogenic index), and reduced body weight gain (29-38%), adiposity index (42-62%), plasma leptin levels, liver weight and fat deposition in liver. Intestinal FE activities significantly increased in HFD-Lf (62%) and HFD-Lj group (48%), thus improving hepatic GR activity (42% increment) compared to HFD group. Moreover, L. johnsonii increased HDL-cholesterol and L. fermentum reduced blood glucose to levels similar to the control. These FE-producing lactobacilli have the potential to improve biomarkers involved in obesity by increasing intestinal FE activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Russo
- 1 Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - A Marquez
- 1 Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - M C Abeijón-Mukdsi
- 1 Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - A Santacruz
- 2 Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Tecnológico, 64849 Monterrey, México
| | - A López-Malo
- 3 Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Alimentos y Ambiental, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Hacienda Santa Catarina Mártir s/n. 72810, Cholula, Puebla, México
| | - P Gauffin-Cano
- 1 Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - R Medina
- 1 Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.,4 Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 491, T4000INH, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
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Nutraceuticals Inspiring the Current Therapy for Lifestyle Diseases. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2019; 2019:6908716. [PMID: 30755770 PMCID: PMC6348880 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6908716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals are the pharmaceutically blended products that possess both nutritional as well as the medicinal value. Such a product is designed to improve the physical health, fight against day-to-day challenges such as stress, increase longevity, etc. Nowadays, emphasis is given to those herbs which are used as food and medicine due to its greater acceptance. Due to dynamic action, the popularity of nutraceuticals among people as well as healthcare providers has been increased over medicines and health supplements. This review documents herbs with a wide variety of therapeutic values such as immunity booster, antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, and gastroprotective. These herbs could be better options to formulate as nutraceuticals. Several nutraceuticals are described based on their availability as food, chemical nature, and mechanism of action.
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Calorie restriction and its impact on gut microbial composition and global metabolism. Front Med 2018; 12:634-644. [PMID: 30446879 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-018-0670-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) is a dietary regimen that reduces calorie intake without incurring malnutrition or a reduction in essential nutrients. It has long been recognized as a natural strategy for promoting health, extending longevity, and prevents the development of metabolic and age-related diseases. In the present review, we focus on the general effect of CR on gut microbiota composition and global metabolism. We also propose mechanisms for its beneficial effect. Results showed that probiotic and butyrate-producing microbes increased their relative abundance, whereas proinflammatory strains exhibited suppressed relative abundance following CR. Analyses of the gut microbial and host metabolisms revealed that most host microbial co-metabolites were changed due to CR. Examples of dramatic CR-induced changes in host metabolism included a decrease in the rate of lipid biosynthesis and an increase in the rates of fatty acid catabolism, β-oxidation, glycogenolysis, and gluconeogenesis. The observed phenotypes and the further verification of the direct link between gut microbiota and metabolome may benefit patients that are at risk for developing metabolic disease. Thus, improved gut microbiota composition and metabolome are potential biomarkers for determining the effectiveness of dietary interventions for age-related and metabolic diseases.
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Fabersani E, Russo M, Marquez A, Abeijón-Mukdsi C, Medina R, Gauffin-Cano P. Modulation of intestinal microbiota and immunometabolic parameters by caloric restriction and lactic acid bacteria. Food Res Int 2018; 124:188-199. [PMID: 31466639 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Fabersani
- Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina; Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Matías Russo
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Antonela Marquez
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| | | | - Roxana Medina
- Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina; Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Paola Gauffin-Cano
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina.
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Draft Genome Sequence of the Feruloyl Esterase-Producing Strain Lactobacillus fermentum CRL1446, a Probiotic for Malnutrition. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2018; 6:6/21/e00225-18. [PMID: 29798910 PMCID: PMC5968731 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00225-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
We report here the draft genome sequence of Lactobacillus fermentum CRL1446 (2,148,781 bp, 51.4% G+C content). This strain exhibits feruloyl esterase activity and important technological and probiotic properties. Because of its proven beneficial effects in vivo, it represents an interesting candidate for the development of functional foods or pharmabiotics for malnutrition.
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Jeong SY, Kang S, Hua CS, Ting Z, Park S. Synbiotic effects of β-glucans from cauliflower mushroom and Lactobacillus fermentum on metabolic changes and gut microbiome in estrogen-deficient rats. GENES AND NUTRITION 2017; 12:31. [PMID: 29151980 PMCID: PMC5679333 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-017-0585-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background We investigated whether the long-term consumption of a symbiotic formulation with Lactobacillus fermentum (probiotic) and β-glucan from cauliflower mushroom (prebiotic) would delay the progression of post-menopausal symptoms in ovariectomized (OVX) rats and explored their mechanisms of action, including changes in gut microbiota. Methods OVX rats were fed with high-fat diets containing 1% dextrin (control), 1% lyophilized cauliflower mushroom extract (CFM), 0.1% L. fermentum JS (LFE), 1% CFM plus 0.1% LFE (CFLF), or 30 μg 17β-estradiol/kg body weight (positive-control) for 8 weeks. Results CFM contained 95.8% β-glucans. OVX increased the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the large intestines. Only CFLF lowered tail skin temperature without increasing serum 17β-estradiol and uterine index. Visceral fat mass was lower in CFLF and positive-control groups by increasing daily energy expenditure and fat oxidation. Dyslipidemia induced by OVX was improved by CFM and CFLF as much as in the positive-control group. Homeostasis model assessment estimate of insulin resistance was lower in CFLF than in the positive-control. Hepatic insulin signaling (pAkt➔GSK-3β) was potentiated in the ascending order of the control, LFE, CFM, CFLF, and positive-control. AMPK phosphorylation showed similar patterns of hepatic insulin signaling but LFE increased it more than CFM. The changes in gut microbiota were prevented by CFLF in OVX rats, and the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the CFLF was similar to the positive-control group. Conclusion OVX changed gut microbiota and was associated with menopausal symptoms; however, the synbiotics, CFM and LFE, prevented menopausal symptoms and improved the gut microbiota in estrogen-deficient rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Yeop Jeong
- Department of R&D, Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry, Sunchang, South Korea
| | - Suna Kang
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, 165 Sechul-Ri, BaeBang-Yup, Asan-Si, ChungNam-Do 336-795 South Korea
| | - Cao Shi Hua
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, 165 Sechul-Ri, BaeBang-Yup, Asan-Si, ChungNam-Do 336-795 South Korea
| | - Zhang Ting
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, 165 Sechul-Ri, BaeBang-Yup, Asan-Si, ChungNam-Do 336-795 South Korea
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, 165 Sechul-Ri, BaeBang-Yup, Asan-Si, ChungNam-Do 336-795 South Korea
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Verón HE, Di Risio HD, Isla MI, Torres S. Isolation and selection of potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria from Opuntia ficus-indica fruits that grow in Northwest Argentina. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Fabersani E, Abeijon-Mukdsi MC, Ross R, Medina R, González S, Gauffin-Cano P. Specific Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria Differentially Modulate the Profile of Adipokines In Vitro. Front Immunol 2017; 8:266. [PMID: 28348560 PMCID: PMC5346559 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity induces local/systemic inflammation accompanied by increases in macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue and production of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and hormones. Previous studies have shown that probiotics could improve the intestinal dysbiosis induced by metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Microorganisms could (directly or indirectly) affect adipokine levels due to their capacity to induce translocation of several intestinal microbial antigens into systemic circulation, which could lead to metabolic endotoxemia or produce immunomodulation in different organs. The aim of the present study was to select non-inflammatory lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains with the capacity to modulate adipokine secretion by the adipose tissue. We wish to elucidate the role of potential probiotic strains in the regulation of the cross talking between immune cells such as macrophages and adipose cells. Mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 was used for evaluating the ability of 14 LAB strains to induce cytokine production. The LAB strains were chosen based on their previously studied beneficial properties in health. Then, in murine adipocyte culture and macrophage–adipocyte coculture, we determined the ability of these strains to induce cytokines and leptin secretion. Tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and leptin levels were measured in cell supernatants. We also performed the detection and quantification of leptin receptor (Ob-Rb) expression in macrophage cell lines stimulated by these LAB strains. Differential secretion profile of cytokines in macrophage cells induced by LAB strains was observed. Also, the levels of Ob-Rb expression diverged among different LAB strains. In LAB-stimulated coculture cells (adipocytes and macrophages), we observed differential production of leptin and cytokines. Furthermore, we detected lower production levels in single culture than cocultured cells. The principal component analysis showed an association between the four clusters of strains established according to their inflammatory profiles and leptin adipocyte production and leptin receptor expression in macrophages. We conclude that coculture is the most appropriate system for selecting strains with the ability to modulate adipokine secretion. The use of microorganisms with low and medium inflammatory properties and ability to modulate leptin levels could be a strategy for the treatment of some metabolic diseases associated with dysregulation of immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Fabersani
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA) - CONICET , Tucumán , Argentina
| | - María Claudia Abeijon-Mukdsi
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA) - CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino (UNSTA), Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Romina Ross
- Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino (UNSTA), Tucumán, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Roxana Medina
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA) - CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina
| | | | - Paola Gauffin-Cano
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA) - CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino (UNSTA), Tucumán, Argentina
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