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Lu SY, Dan L, Sun S, Fu T, Chen J. Dietary quercetin intake is associated with lower ulcerative colitis risk but not Crohn's disease in a prospective cohort study and in vivo experiments. Food Funct 2024; 15:6553-6564. [PMID: 38807501 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05391a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: Previous preclinical evidence indicates a protective role of quercetin against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, there is no evidence from human populations, resulting in knowledge gaps regarding the role of quercetin in the IBD development. We aimed to prospectively evaluate the associations between dietary quercetin intake and IBD in humans and in vivo animal models. Methods: We included 187 709 IBD-free participants from the UK Biobank. Dietary information was collected using validated 24-hour dietary recalls and the quercetin intake was estimated based on national nutrient databases. Incident IBD was ascertained via inpatient and primary care data. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the multi-variable adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Experiments were conducted in two chemical-induced (dextran sulfate sodium salt and trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid) mouse models orally pretreated with quercetin (CAS number: 117-39-5) solution to evaluate the effects of quercetin at physiological levels. Results: After a mean follow-up of 9.7 years, we documented 863 incident IBD. Compared to participants with the lowest quintile intake of quercetin, those in the highest quintiles were associated with a lower risk of IBD (aHR 0.76, 95% CI 0.60-0.95; P-trend = 0.004) and ulcerative colitis (aHR 0.69, 95% CI 0.53-0.91; P-trend = 0.001), but not Crohn's disease (aHR 0.95, 95% CI 0.62-1.45; P-trend = 0.765). Mouse models showed that pretreatment with quercetin could attenuate the chemically induced colitis. Conclusions: Higher quercetin intake was associated with a lower risk of IBD, especially UC. The protective role of quercetin is promising in humans and warrants further investigation into downstream mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of, Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
| | - Lintao Dan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzibo Road, Changsha, China.
- Centre for Global Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Sishen Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzibo Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzibo Road, Changsha, China.
- Centre for Global Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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2
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Howell AB, Dreyfus JF, Bosley S, Krueger CG, Birmingham A, Reed JD, Chughtai B. Differences in P-Type and Type 1 Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Urinary Anti-Adhesion Activity of Cranberry Fruit Juice Dry Extract Product and D-Mannose Dietary Supplement. J Diet Suppl 2024; 21:633-659. [PMID: 38804849 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2356592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary tract infection (UTI) prevention benefits of cranberry intake are clinically validated, especially for women and children. To ensure the benefits of cranberry dietary supplement products, the anti-adhesion activity (AAA) against uropathogenic bacteria is routinely used in in vitro bioassays to determine the activity in whole product formulations, isolated compounds, and ex vivo bioassays to assess urinary activity following intake. D-mannose is another dietary supplement taken for UTI prevention, based on the anti-adhesion mechanism. OBJECTIVE Compare the relative AAA of cranberry and D-mannose dietary supplements against the most important bacterial types contributing to the pathogenesis of UTI, and consider how certain components potentially induce in vivo activity. METHODS The current study used a crossover design to determine ex vivo AAA against both P- and Type 1-fimbriated uropathogenic Escherichia coli of either D-mannose or a cranberry fruit juice dry extract product containing 36 mg of soluble proanthocyanidins (PACs), using bioassays that measure urinary activity following consumption. AAA of extracted cranberry compound fractions and D-mannose were compared in vitro and potential induction mechanisms of urinary AAA explored. RESULTS The cranberry dietary supplement exhibited both P-type and Type 1 in vitro and ex vivo AAA, while D-mannose only prevented Type 1 adhesion. Cranberry also demonstrated more robust and consistent ex vivo urinary AAA than D-mannose over each 1-week study period at different urine collection time points. The means by which the compounds with in vitro activity in each supplement product could potentially induce the AAA in urines was discussed relative to the data. CONCLUSIONS Results of the current study provide consumers and healthcare professionals with additional details on the compounds and mechanisms involved in the positive, broad-spectrum AAA of cranberry against both E. coli bacterial types most important in UTIs and uncovers limitations on AAA and effectiveness of D-mannose compared to cranberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy B Howell
- Marucci Center for Blueberry Cranberry Research and Extension, Rutgers, the State University of NJ, Chatsworth, NJ, USA
- Complete Phytochemical Solutions, LLC, Cambridge, WI, USA
| | | | - Scott Bosley
- Complete Phytochemical Solutions, LLC, Cambridge, WI, USA
| | - Christian G Krueger
- Complete Phytochemical Solutions, LLC, Cambridge, WI, USA
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of WI, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Jess D Reed
- Complete Phytochemical Solutions, LLC, Cambridge, WI, USA
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of WI, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bilal Chughtai
- Plainview Hospital, Smith Institute of Urology, Northwell Health, Syosset, NY, USA
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González de Llano D, Roldán M, Taladrid D, Relaño de la Guía E, Moreno-Arribas MV, Bartolomé B. Cranberry Polyphenols and Prevention against Urinary Tract Infections: New Findings Related to the Integrity and Functionality of Intestinal and Urinary Barriers. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10328-10338. [PMID: 38651941 PMCID: PMC11082924 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
This work seeks to generate new knowledge about the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of cranberry against urinary tract infections (UTI). Using Caco-2 cells grown in Transwell inserts as an intestinal barrier model, we found that a cranberry-derived digestive fluid (containing 135 ± 5 mg of phenolic compounds/L) increased transepithelial electrical resistance with respect to control (ΔTEER = 54.5 Ω cm2) and decreased FITC-dextran paracellular transport by about 30%, which was related to the upregulation of the gene expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins (i.e., occludin, zonula occludens-1 [ZO-1], and claudin-2) (∼3-4-fold change with respect to control for claudin-2 and ∼2-3-fold for occludin and ZO-1). Similar protective effects, albeit to a lesser extent, were observed when Caco-2 cells were previously infected with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). In a urinary barrier model comprising T24 cells grown in Transwell inserts and either noninfected or UPEC-infected, treatments with the cranberry-derived phenolic metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and phenylacetic acid (PAA) (250 μM) also promoted favorable changes in barrier integrity and permeability. In this line, incubation of noninfected T24 cells with these metabolites induced positive regulatory effects on claudin-2 and ZO-1 expression (∼3.5- and ∼2-fold change with respect to control for DOPAC and ∼1.5- and >2-fold change with respect to control for PAA, respectively). Overall, these results suggest that the protective action of cranberry polyphenols against UTI might involve molecular mechanisms related to the integrity and functionality of the urothelium and intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mikel Roldán
- Institute of Food Science
Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Diego Taladrid
- Institute of Food Science
Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | | | | | - Begoña Bartolomé
- Institute of Food Science
Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, Madrid 28049, Spain
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4
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de Souza Gouveia Moreira L, Resende Teixeira KT, Cardozo LFMF, Alvarenga L, Regis B, Sousa de Brito J, de Oliveira Leal V, Borges NA, de Souza da Costa Brum I, Carraro-Eduardo JC, Borini GB, Berretta AA, Ribeiro-Alves M, Mafra D. Effects of Cranberry Extract ( Vaccinium macrocarpon) Supplementation on Lipid Peroxidation and Inflammation in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (Stages 3-4): A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr Metab 2024; 2024:9590066. [PMID: 38752013 PMCID: PMC11095989 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9590066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence suggests that bioactive compounds in berry fruits may mitigate inflammation in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objectives To evaluate cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) supplementation effects on modulation of transcription factors involved in inflammation and oxidative stress in nondialysis (stages 3 and 4) patients with CKD. Design/Participants. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed with 30 patients to receive capsules containing cranberry extract (1000 mg/day) or placebo (1000 mg/day of corn starch) for two months. Measurements. The mRNA expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured in the plasma to assess oxidative stress. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plasma levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and C-reactive protein (CRP) by immunoturbidimetric method. Results Twenty-five patients completed the study: 12 in the cranberry group (56.7 ± 7.5 years and body mass index (BMI) of 29.6 ± 5.5 kg/m2) and 13 in the placebo group (58.8 ± 5.1 years and BMI 29.8 ± 5.4 kg/m2). There were no differences in NF-kB or Nrf2 mRNA expressions (p = 0.99 and p = 0.89) or TBARS, CRP, and IL-6 plasma levels after cranberry supplementation. Conclusions The cranberry extract administration (1000 mg/day) did not affect Nrf2 and NF-kB mRNA expression, oxidative stress, or inflammatory markers levels in nondialysis CKD patients. This trial is registered with NCT04377919.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís de Souza Gouveia Moreira
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karla Thaís Resende Teixeira
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ludmila F. M. F. Cardozo
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Livia Alvarenga
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences -Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruna Regis
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jessyca Sousa de Brito
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences -Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Viviane de Oliveira Leal
- Nutrition Division, Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Giovanna B. Borini
- Research, Development & Innovation Department, Apis Flora Industrial e Comercial Ltda., Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andresa A. Berretta
- Research, Development & Innovation Department, Apis Flora Industrial e Comercial Ltda., Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves
- HIV/AIDS Clinical Research Center, National Institute of Infectology (INI/Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences -Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Lewis AJ, Richards AC, Mendez AA, Dhakal BK, Jones TA, Sundsbak JL, Eto DS, Rousek AA, Mulvey MA. Plant phenolics inhibit focal adhesion kinase and suppress host cell invasion by uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0008024. [PMID: 38534100 PMCID: PMC11075462 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00080-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional folk treatments for the prevention and management of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and other infectious diseases often include plants and plant extracts that are rich in phenolic compounds. These have been ascribed a variety of activities, including inhibition of bacterial interactions with host cells. Here, we tested a panel of four well-studied phenolic compounds-caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), resveratrol, catechin, and epigallocatechin gallate-for the effects on host cell adherence and invasion by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). These bacteria, which are the leading cause of UTIs, can bind and subsequently invade bladder epithelial cells via an actin-dependent process. Intracellular UPEC reservoirs within the bladder are often protected from antibiotics and host defenses and likely contribute to the development of chronic and recurrent infections. In cell culture-based assays, only resveratrol had a notable negative effect on UPEC adherence to bladder cells. However, both CAPE and resveratrol significantly inhibited UPEC entry into the host cells, coordinate with attenuated phosphorylation of the host actin regulator Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK or PTK2) and marked increases in the numbers of focal adhesion structures. We further show that the intravesical delivery of resveratrol inhibits UPEC infiltration of the bladder mucosa in a murine UTI model and that resveratrol and CAPE can disrupt the ability of other invasive pathogens to enter host cells. Together, these results highlight the therapeutic potential of molecules like CAPE and resveratrol, which could be used to augment antibiotic treatments by restricting pathogen access to protective intracellular niches.IMPORTANCEUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are exceptionally common and increasingly difficult to treat due to the ongoing rise and spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Furthermore, the primary cause of UTIs, uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), can avoid antibiotic exposure and many host defenses by invading the epithelial cells that line the bladder surface. Here, we identified two plant-derived phenolic compounds that disrupt activation of the host machinery needed for UPEC entry into bladder cells. One of these compounds, resveratrol, effectively inhibited UPEC invasion of the bladder mucosa in a mouse UTI model, and both phenolic compounds significantly reduced host cell entry by other invasive pathogens. These findings suggest that select phenolic compounds could be used to supplement existing antibacterial therapeutics by denying uropathogens shelter within host cells and tissues and help explain some of the benefits attributed to traditional plant-based medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Lewis
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Amanda C. Richards
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Alejandra A. Mendez
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Henry Eyring Center for Cell & Genome Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Bijaya K. Dhakal
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Tiffani A. Jones
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jamie L. Sundsbak
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Danelle S. Eto
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Alexis A. Rousek
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Henry Eyring Center for Cell & Genome Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Matthew A. Mulvey
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Henry Eyring Center for Cell & Genome Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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6
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Favari C, Rinaldi de Alvarenga JF, Sánchez-Martínez L, Tosi N, Mignogna C, Cremonini E, Manach C, Bresciani L, Del Rio D, Mena P. Factors driving the inter-individual variability in the metabolism and bioavailability of (poly)phenolic metabolites: A systematic review of human studies. Redox Biol 2024; 71:103095. [PMID: 38428187 PMCID: PMC10912651 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review provides an overview of the available evidence on the inter-individual variability (IIV) in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of phenolic metabolites and its determinants. Human studies were included investigating the metabolism and bioavailability of (poly)phenols and reporting IIV. One hundred fifty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Inter-individual differences were mainly related to gut microbiota composition and activity but also to genetic polymorphisms, age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, (patho)physiological status, and physical activity, depending on the (poly)phenol sub-class considered. Most of the IIV has been poorly characterised. Two major types of IIV were observed. One resulted in metabolite gradients that can be further classified into high and low excretors, as seen for all flavonoids, phenolic acids, prenylflavonoids, alkylresorcinols, and hydroxytyrosol. The other type of IIV is based on clusters of individuals defined by qualitative differences (producers vs. non-producers), as for ellagitannins (urolithins), isoflavones (equol and O-DMA), resveratrol (lunularin), and preliminarily for avenanthramides (dihydro-avenanthramides), or by quali-quantitative metabotypes characterized by different proportions of specific metabolites, as for flavan-3-ols, flavanones, and even isoflavones. Future works are needed to shed light on current open issues limiting our understanding of this phenomenon that likely conditions the health effects of dietary (poly)phenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Favari
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | | | - Lorena Sánchez-Martínez
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Department of Food Technology, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University Clinical Hospital 'Virgen de La Arrixaca', Universidad de Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Nicole Tosi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristiana Mignogna
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cremonini
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Claudine Manach
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Letizia Bresciani
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
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Li X, Chen W, Xia J, Pan D, Sun G. The Effects of Cranberry Consumption on Glycemic and Lipid Profiles in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2024; 16:782. [PMID: 38542695 PMCID: PMC10974925 DOI: 10.3390/nu16060782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to update the evidence and clarify whether cranberry possesses lipid-lowering and hypoglycemic properties in humans. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched to identify relevant articles published up to December 2023. In total, 3145 publications were reviewed and 16 of them were included for qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. Stata 15.0 and Review Manager 5.4 were applied for statistical analyses. The results revealed a significant decrease in the total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TC/HDL-C) (MD = -0.24; 95% CI: -0.45, -0.04; peffect = 0.02) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (MD = -0.59; 95% CI: -1.05, -0.14; peffect = 0.01) with cranberry consumption. However, it did not influence total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting insulin. In subgroup analysis, cranberry consumption in dried form (capsules, powder, and tablets) was found to significantly decrease the fasting insulin level (three studies, one hundred sixty-five participants, MD = -2.16; 95% CI: -4.24, -0.07; peffect = 0.04), while intervention duration, health conditions, and dosage of polyphenols and anthocyanins had no impact on blood lipid and glycemic parameters. In summary, cranberry might have potential benefits in regulating lipid and glucose profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guiju Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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8
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Diaz M, Mertens-Talcott SU, Talcott ST. Intestinal Microbiome Metabolism of Cranberry ( Vaccinium macrocarpon) Proanthocyanidin Dimers, but Not Trimers, Is Altered by Dysbiosis in Ulcerative Colitis Ex Vivo. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4184-4194. [PMID: 38350030 PMCID: PMC10905997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Cranberries contain proanthocyanidins with different interflavan bond types and degrees of polymerization. These chemical differences may impact the metabolism of proanthocyanidins by the intestinal microbiome. In our previous study, we found that healthy microbiomes produced higher concentrations of the phenolic acid metabolites 5-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-g-valerolactone and 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid from the cranberry extract in comparison to ulcerative colitis (UC) microbiomes ex vivo. To understand this difference, LC-ESI-MS/MS was utilized to characterize the metabolism of the precursor proanthocyanidins. Healthy microbiomes metabolized procyanidin A2, procyanidin B2, and procyanidin dimeric intermediates but not A-type trimers, to a greater extent than UC microbiomes. The metabolism of procyanidin A2 and procyanidin B2 by fecal microorganisms was then compared to identify their derived phenolic acid metabolites. 5-(3',4'-Dihydroxyphenyl)-g-valerolactone and 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid were identified as unique metabolites of procyanidin B2. Based on these results, the metabolism of procyanidin B2 contributed to the differential metabolism observed between healthy and UC microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maritza
S. Diaz
- Department of Food Science
and Technology, Texas A&M University, 370 Olsen Blvd., College Station, Texas 77845-2254, United States
| | - Susanne U. Mertens-Talcott
- Department of Food Science
and Technology, Texas A&M University, 370 Olsen Blvd., College Station, Texas 77845-2254, United States
| | - Stephen T. Talcott
- Department of Food Science
and Technology, Texas A&M University, 370 Olsen Blvd., College Station, Texas 77845-2254, United States
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9
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Lederer AK, Michel MC. Natural Products in the Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction and Infection. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38411727 DOI: 10.1007/164_2024_708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The popularity of natural products for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) differs considerably between countries. Here we discuss the clinical evidence for efficacy in two indications, male LUTS suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia and urinary tract infections, and the mechanistic evidence from experimental studies. Most evidence for male LUTS is based on extracts from saw palmetto berries, stinging nettle roots, and pumpkin seeds, whereas most evidence for urinary tract infection is available for European golden rod and combined preparations although this field appears more fragmented with regard to extract sources. Based on differences in sample collection and extraction, extracts from the same plants are likely to exhibit at least quantitative differences in potential active ingredients, which makes extrapolation of findings with one extract to those of others potentially difficult. While only limited information is available for most individual extracts, some extracts have been compared to placebo and/or active controls in adequately powered trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Lederer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin C Michel
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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10
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Weh KM, Howard CL, Zhang Y, Tripp BA, Clarke JL, Howell AB, Rubenstein JH, Abrams JA, Westerhoff M, Kresty LA. Prebiotic proanthocyanidins inhibit bile reflux-induced esophageal adenocarcinoma through reshaping the gut microbiome and esophageal metabolome. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e168112. [PMID: 38329812 PMCID: PMC11063939 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.168112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut and local esophageal microbiome progressively shift from healthy commensal bacteria to inflammation-linked pathogenic bacteria in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett's esophagus, and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). However, mechanisms by which microbial communities and metabolites contribute to reflux-driven EAC remain incompletely understood and challenging to target. Herein, we utilized a rat reflux-induced EAC model to investigate targeting the gut microbiome-esophageal metabolome axis with cranberry proanthocyanidins (C-PAC) to inhibit EAC progression. Sprague-Dawley rats, with or without reflux induction, received water or C-PAC ad libitum (700 μg/rat/day) for 25 or 40 weeks. C-PAC exerted prebiotic activity abrogating reflux-induced dysbiosis and mitigating bile acid metabolism and transport, culminating in significant inhibition of EAC through TLR/NF-κB/TP53 signaling cascades. At the species level, C-PAC mitigated reflux-induced pathogenic bacteria (Streptococcus parasanguinis, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis). C-PAC specifically reversed reflux-induced bacterial, inflammatory, and immune-implicated proteins and genes, including Ccl4, Cd14, Crp, Cxcl1, Il6, Il1b, Lbp, Lcn2, Myd88, Nfkb1, Tlr2, and Tlr4, aligning with changes in human EAC progression, as confirmed through public databases. C-PAC is a safe, promising dietary constituent that may be utilized alone or potentially as an adjuvant to current therapies to prevent EAC progression through ameliorating reflux-induced dysbiosis, inflammation, and cellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M. Weh
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, and
- Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Connor L. Howard
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, and
- Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, and
- Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Jennifer L. Clarke
- Department of Statistics, Department of Food Science Technology, Quantitative Life Sciences Initiative, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Amy B. Howell
- Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research, Rutgers University, Chatsworth, New Jersey, USA
| | - Joel H. Rubenstein
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- LTC Charles S. Kettles Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Julian A. Abrams
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria Westerhoff
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Laura A. Kresty
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, and
- Rogel Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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11
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Williamson G, Clifford MN. A critical examination of human data for the biological activity of quercetin and its phase-2 conjugates. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-37. [PMID: 38189312 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2299329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
This critical review examines evidence for beneficial effects of quercetin phase-2 conjugates from clinical intervention studies, volunteer feeding trials, and in vitro work. Plasma concentrations of quercetin-3-O-glucuronide (Q3G) and 3'-methylquercetin-3-O-glucuronide (3'MQ3G) after supplementation may produce beneficial effects in macrophages and endothelial cells, respectively, especially if endogenous deglucuronidation occurs, and lower blood uric acid concentration via quercetin-3'-O-sulfate (Q3'S). Unsupplemented diets produce much lower concentrations (<50 nmol/l) rarely investigated in vitro. At 10 nmol/l, Q3'S and Q3G stimulate or suppress, respectively, angiogenesis in endothelial cells. Statistically significant effects have been reported at 100 nmol/l in breast cancer cells (Q3G), primary neuron cultures (Q3G), lymphocytes (Q3G and3'MQ3G) and HUVECs (QG/QS mixture), but it is unclear whether these translate to a health benefit in vivo. More sensitive and more precise methods to measure clinically significant endpoints are required before a conclusion can be drawn regarding effects at normal dietary concentrations. Future requirements include better understanding of inter-individual and temporal variation in plasma quercetin phase-2 conjugates, their mechanisms of action including deglucuronidation and desulfation both in vitro and in vivo, tissue accumulation and washout, as well as potential for synergy or antagonism with other quercetin metabolites and metabolites of other dietary phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Williamson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael N Clifford
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
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12
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Lewis AJ, Richards AC, Mendez AA, Dhakal BK, Jones TA, Sundsbak JL, Eto DS, Mulvey MA. Plant Phenolics Inhibit Focal Adhesion Kinase and Suppress Host Cell Invasion by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.23.568486. [PMID: 38045282 PMCID: PMC10690256 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.23.568486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Traditional folk treatments for the prevention and management of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and other infectious diseases often include plants and plant extracts that are rich in phenolic and polyphenolic compounds. These have been ascribed a variety of activities, including inhibition of bacterial interactions with host cells. Here we tested a panel of four well-studied phenolic compounds - caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), resveratrol, catechin, and epigallocatechin gallate - for effects on host cell adherence and invasion by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). These bacteria, which are the leading cause of UTIs, can bind and subsequently invade bladder epithelial cells via an actin-dependent process. Intracellular UPEC reservoirs within the bladder are often protected from antibiotics and host defenses, and likely contribute to the development of chronic and recurrent infections. Using cell culture-based assays, we found that only resveratrol had a notable negative effect on UPEC adherence to bladder cells. However, both CAPE and resveratrol significantly inhibited UPEC entry into the host cells, coordinate with attenuated phosphorylation of the host actin regulator Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK, or PTK2) and marked increases in the numbers of focal adhesion structures. We further show that the intravesical delivery of resveratrol inhibits UPEC infiltration of the bladder mucosa in a murine UTI model, and that resveratrol and CAPE can disrupt the ability of other invasive pathogens to enter host cells. Together, these results highlight the therapeutic potential of molecules like CAPE and resveratrol, which could be used to augment antibiotic treatments by restricting pathogen access to protective intracellular niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Lewis
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Amanda C. Richards
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, 257 S 1400 E, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Henry Eyring Center for Cell & Genome Science, 1390 Presidents Circle, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Alejandra A. Mendez
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, 257 S 1400 E, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Henry Eyring Center for Cell & Genome Science, 1390 Presidents Circle, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Bijaya K. Dhakal
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Tiffani A. Jones
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jamie L. Sundsbak
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Danelle S. Eto
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Matthew A. Mulvey
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, 257 S 1400 E, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Henry Eyring Center for Cell & Genome Science, 1390 Presidents Circle, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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13
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Tosi N, Favari C, Bresciani L, Flanagan E, Hornberger M, Narbad A, Del Rio D, Vauzour D, Mena P. Unravelling phenolic metabotypes in the frame of the COMBAT study, a randomized, controlled trial with cranberry supplementation. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113187. [PMID: 37689939 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Cranberry (poly)phenols may have potential health benefits. Circulating (poly)phenol metabolites can act as mediators of these effects, but they are subjected to an extensive inter-individual variability. This study aimed to quantify both plasma and urine (poly)phenol metabolites following a 12-week intake of a cranberry powder in healthy older adults, and to investigate inter-individual differences by considering the existence of urinary metabotypes related to dietary (poly)phenols. Up to 13 and 67 metabolites were quantified in plasma and urine respectively. Cranberry consumption led to changes in plasma metabolites, mainly hydroxycinnamates and hippuric acid. Individual variability in urinary metabolites was assessed using different data sets and a combination of statistical models. Three phenolic metabotypes were identified, colonic metabolism being the main driver for subject clustering. Metabotypes were characterized by quali-quantitative differences in the excretion of some metabolites such as phenyl-γ-valerolactones, hydroxycinnamic acids, and phenylpropanoic acids. Metabotypes were further confirmed when applying a model only focused on flavan-3-ol colonic metabolites. 5-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone derivatives were the most relevant metabolites for metabotyping. Metabotype allocation was well preserved after 12-week intervention. This metabotyping approach for cranberry metabolites represents an innovative step to handle the complexity of (poly)phenol metabolism in free-living conditions, deciphering the existence of metabotypes derived from the simultaneous consumption of different classes of (poly)phenols. These results will help contribute to studying the health effects of cranberries and other (poly)phenol-rich foods, mainly considering gut microbiota-driven individual differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Tosi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Claudia Favari
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Letizia Bresciani
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Emma Flanagan
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Hornberger
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Arjan Narbad
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; School of Advanced Studies on Food and Nutrition, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - David Vauzour
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom.
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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14
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Weh KM, Howard CL, Zhang Y, Tripp BA, Clarke JL, Howell AB, Rubenstein JH, Abrams JA, Westerhoff M, Kresty LA. Prebiotic proanthocyanidins inhibit bile reflux-induced esophageal adenocarcinoma through reshaping the gut microbiome and esophageal metabolome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.22.554315. [PMID: 37662411 PMCID: PMC10473615 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.22.554315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The gut and local esophageal microbiome progressively shift from healthy commensal bacteria to inflammatory-linked pathogenic bacteria in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). However, mechanisms by which microbial communities and metabolites contribute to reflux-driven EAC remain incompletely understood and challenging to target. Herein, we utilized a rat reflux-induced EAC model to investigate targeting the gut microbiome-esophageal metabolome axis with cranberry proanthocyanidins (C-PAC) to inhibit EAC progression. Sprague Dawley rats, with or without reflux-induction received water or C-PAC ad libitum (700 µg/rat/day) for 25 or 40 weeks. C-PAC exerted prebiotic activity abrogating reflux-induced dysbiosis, and mitigating bile acid metabolism and transport, culminating in significant inhibition of EAC through TLR/NF-κB/P53 signaling cascades. At the species level, C-PAC mitigated reflux-induced pathogenic bacteria (Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis). C-PAC specifically reversed reflux-induced bacterial, inflammatory and immune-implicated proteins and genes including Ccl4, Cd14, Crp, Cxcl1, Il6, Il1β, Lbp, Lcn2, Myd88, Nfkb1, Tlr2 and Tlr4 aligning with changes in human EAC progression, as confirmed through public databases. C-PAC is a safe promising dietary constituent that may be utilized alone or potentially as an adjuvant to current therapies to prevent EAC progression through ameliorating reflux-induced dysbiosis, inflammation and cellular damage.
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15
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Mostafa H, Cheok A, Meroño T, Andres-Lacueva C, Rodriguez-Mateos A. Biomarkers of Berry Intake: Systematic Review Update. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:11789-11805. [PMID: 37499164 PMCID: PMC10416351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Berries are rich in (poly)phenols, and these compounds may be beneficial to human health. Estimating berry consumption through self-reported questionnaires has been challenging due to compliance issues and a lack of precision. Estimation via food-derived biomarkers in biofluids was proposed as a complementary alternative. We aimed to review and update the existing evidence on biomarkers of intake for six different types of berries. A systematic literature search was performed to update a previous systematic review on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from January 2020 until December 2022. Out of 42 papers, only 18 studies were eligible. A multimetabolite panel is suggested for blueberry and cranberry intake. Proposed biomarkers for blueberries include hippuric acid and malvidin glycosides. For cranberries, suggested biomarkers are glycosides of peonidin and cyanidin together with sulfate and glucuronide conjugates of phenyl-γ-valerolactone derivatives. No new metabolite candidates have been found for raspberries, strawberries, blackcurrants, and blackberries. Further studies are encouraged to validate these multimetabolite panels for improving the estimation of berry consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Mostafa
- Biomarkers
and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences
and Gastronomy, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA),
Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento
Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud
Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Alex Cheok
- Department
of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences,
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s
College London, 150 Stamford
Street, SE1 9NH London, U.K.
| | - Tomás Meroño
- Biomarkers
and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences
and Gastronomy, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA),
Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento
Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud
Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers
and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences
and Gastronomy, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA),
Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento
Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud
Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department
of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences,
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s
College London, 150 Stamford
Street, SE1 9NH London, U.K.
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16
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Song G, Koro M, Leung V, Loh G. Literature Review of Ascorbic Acid, Cranberry, and D-mannose for Urinary Tract Infection Prophylaxis in Older People. Sr Care Pharm 2023; 38:315-328. [PMID: 37496168 DOI: 10.4140/tcp.n.2023.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most prevalent infections in older patients with the potential for morbidity and mortality. Antibiotics are not generally recommended for UTI prophylaxis in this population. There is interest among the public and health providers to try over-the-counter products, such as cranberry, D-mannose, and vitamin C. The objective of this analysis was to review the literature for the efficacy and tolerability of these supplements in older individuals. Methods A literature review was conducted on PubMed using the search terms urinary tract infection or UTI, prevention/prophylaxis, cranberry, D-mannose, vitamin C/ascorbic acid. Few studies were conducted among older people; therefore, the authors included studies of all adults who had recurrent UTIs or were at increased risk of UTIs. Level (quality) of evidence were determined using the ACC/AHA Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendation Classification System. Results A total of 24 studies were included. This review captured all studies in previous reviews as well as recent publications. The authors determined that there were limited data for D-mannose and vitamin C, and randomized data for cranberry as defined by the classification system. Conclusions The three supplements reviewed appear not to be strongly supported by clinical data. For those who are interested in trying these products despite the lack of robust evidence for clinical efficacy, it may be helpful to know that the studies included in this review did not identify any clinically important signs of harm, to the extent that safety data were documented and reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Song
- 1 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mira Koro
- 1 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vivian Leung
- 1 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gabriel Loh
- 1 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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17
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Cáceres-Jiménez S, Rodríguez-Solana R, Dobani S, Pourshahidi K, Gill C, Moreno-Rojas JM, Almutairi TM, Crozier A, Pereira-Caro G. UHPLC-HRMS Spectrometric Analysis: Method Validation and Plasma and Urinary Metabolite Identification after Mango Pulp Intake. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37471325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
After an acute intake of 300 g of mango purée by 10 subjects, 0 and 24 h urine and plasma samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. The method was first validated for 44 reference polyphenols in terms of linearity, specificity, limits of detection and quantification, intra-day and inter-day precision, recovery, and matrix effects in two biological matrices. After method validation, a total of 94 microbial-derived phenolic catabolites, including 15 cinnamic acids, 3 phenylhydracrylic acids, 14 phenylpropanoic acids, 12 phenylacetic acids, 28 benzoic acids, 2 mandelic acids, 15 hydroxybenzenes, and 5 hippuric acid derivatives, were identified or tentatively identified in urine and/or plasma. These results establish the value of the UHPLC-HRMS protocol and the use of authentic standards to obtain a detailed and accurate picture of mango polyphenol metabolites, together with their phase II conjugated metabolites, in human bioavailability studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salud Cáceres-Jiménez
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Alameda del Obispo, Avda. Menéndez-Pidal, Córdoba 14004, Spain
- Departamento de Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Campus Rabanales, Ed. Darwin-anexo, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba 14071, Spain
| | - Raquel Rodríguez-Solana
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Alameda del Obispo, Avda. Menéndez-Pidal, Córdoba 14004, Spain
| | - Sara Dobani
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine BT1 6DN, U.K
| | - Kirsty Pourshahidi
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine BT1 6DN, U.K
| | - Chris Gill
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine BT1 6DN, U.K
| | - José Manuel Moreno-Rojas
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Alameda del Obispo, Avda. Menéndez-Pidal, Córdoba 14004, Spain
- Foods for Health Group, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba 14004, Spain
| | - Tahani M Almutairi
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alan Crozier
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Gema Pereira-Caro
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Alameda del Obispo, Avda. Menéndez-Pidal, Córdoba 14004, Spain
- Foods for Health Group, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba 14004, Spain
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18
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Debortoli da Silva A, Izidoro NO, de Macedo LR, de Matos IM, Silva M. The effects of grape products on metabolic syndrome risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PHARMANUTRITION 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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19
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Taibi A, Lofft Z, Laytouni-Imbriaco B, Comelli EM. The role of intestinal microbiota and microRNAs in the anti-inflammatory effects of cranberry: from pre-clinical to clinical studies. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1092342. [PMID: 37287997 PMCID: PMC10242055 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1092342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cranberries have known anti-inflammatory properties, which extend their benefits in the context of several chronic diseases. These benefits highly rely on the polyphenol profile of cranberries, one of few foods rich in A-type proanthocyanidin (PAC). A-type PAC comprises flavan-3-ol subunits with an additional interflavan ether bond in the conformational structure of the molecule, separating them from the more commonly found B-type PAC. PACs with a degree of polymerization higher than three are known to reach the colon intact, where they can be catabolyzed by the gut microbiota and biotransformed into lower molecular weight organic acids that are available for host absorption. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites have garnered much attention in the past decade as mediators of the health effects of parent compounds. Though, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain underexplored. In this review, we highlight emerging evidence that postulates that polyphenols, including ones derived from cranberries, and their metabolites could exert anti-inflammatory effects by modulating host microRNAs. Our review first describes the chemical structure of cranberry PACs and a pathway for how they are biotransformed by the gut microbiota. We then provide a brief overview of the benefits of microbial metabolites of cranberry in the intestinal tract, at homeostasis and in inflammatory conditions. Finally, we discuss the role of microRNAs in intestinal health and in response to cranberry PAC and how they could be used as targets for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. Most of this research is pre-clinical and we recognize that conducting clinical trials in this context has been hampered by the lack of reliable biomarkers. Our review discusses the use of miRNA as biomarkers in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Taibi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zoe Lofft
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Elena Maria Comelli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Joannah and Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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20
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Di Pede G, Mena P, Bresciani L, Almutairi TM, Del Rio D, Clifford MN, Crozier A. Human colonic catabolism of dietary flavan-3-ol bioactives. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 89:101107. [PMID: 35931563 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the fate of ingested polyphenols is crucial in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of a fruit and vegetable-based diet. This review focuses on the colon microbiota-mediated transformation of the flavan-3-ols and the structurally related procyanidins found in dietary plant foods and beverages, plus the flavan-3-ol-derived theaflavins of black tea, and the post-absorption phase II metabolism of the gut microbiota catabolites. Despite significant advances in the last decade major analytical challenges remain. Strategies to address them are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Pede
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy; Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Letizia Bresciani
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - Tahani M Almutairi
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11363, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy; Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Michael N Clifford
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK; Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Alan Crozier
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11363, Saudi Arabia; School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
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21
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Revisiting the bioavailability of flavan-3-ols in humans: A systematic review and comprehensive data analysis. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 89:101146. [PMID: 36207170 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review summarizes findings from human studies investigating the different routes of absorption, metabolism, distribution and excretion (ADME) of dietary flavan-3-ols and their circulating metabolites in healthy subjects. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus and the Web of Science. Human intervention studies using single and/or multiple intake of flavan-3-ols from food, extracts, and pure compounds were included. Forty-nine human intervention studies met inclusion criteria. Up to 180 metabolites were quantified from blood and urine samples following intake of flavan-3-ols, mainly as phase 2 conjugates of microbial catabolites (n = 97), with phenyl-γ-valerolactones being the most representative ones (n = 34). Phase 2 conjugates of monomers and phenyl-γ-valerolactones, the main compounds in both plasma and urine, reached two peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) of 260 and 88 nmol/L at 1.8 and 5.3 h (Tmax) after flavan-3-ol intake. They contributed to the bioavailability of flavan-3-ols for over 20%. Mean bioavailability for flavan-3-ols was moderate (31 ± 23%, n bioavailability values = 20), and it seems to be scarcely affected by the amount of ingested compounds. While intra- and inter-source differences in flavan-3-ol bioavailability emerged, mean flavan-3-ol bioavailability was 82% (n = 1) and 63% (n = 2) after (-)-epicatechin and nut (hazelnuts, almonds) intake, respectively, followed by 25% after consumption of tea (n = 7), cocoa (n = 5), apples (n = 3) and grape (n = 2). This highlights the need to better clarify the metabolic yield with which monomer flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins are metabolized in humans. This work clarified in a comprehensive way for the first time the ADME of a (poly)phenol family, highlighting the pool of circulating compounds that might be determinants of the putative beneficial effects linked to flavan-3-ol intake. Lastly, methodological inputs for implementing well-designed human and experimental model studies were provided.
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22
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Rahn C, Bakuradze T, Stegmüller S, Galan J, Niesen S, Winterhalter P, Richling E. Polyphenol-Rich Beverage Consumption Affecting Parameters of the Lipid Metabolism in Healthy Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010841. [PMID: 36614281 PMCID: PMC9821765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are a diverse and widely distributed class of secondary metabolites, which possess numerous beneficial properties including a modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. This placebo-controlled human intervention study was performed to explore effects of polyphenol-rich beverage (PRB) uptake on lipid metabolism, as well as DNA integrity. In this case, 36 healthy men were randomly divided to consume either 750 mL of a PRB (containing 51% chokeberry, cranberry, and pomegranate) or a placebo drink daily for eight weeks. Only PRB consumption was found to decrease fat and protein intakes significantly compared to the preceding one-week washout period. During the intervention with PRB an increased fat-free mass was shown after four weeks, whereas a significant elevation in body weight and leptin was observed in placebo group. Blood lipids were not significantly altered after PRB consumption, while triglyceride levels increased after placebo drink intake. In platelets, a significant inhibition of phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity was observed, more pronounced in test group. Consuming the PRB decreased total DNA strand breaks in whole blood as well as H2O2-induced breaks in isolated lymphocytes. Overall, our study suggested beneficial effects on lipid metabolism by reduced energy intake, modulation of biomarkers such as PDE activity and improved DNA integrity associated with PRB consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Rahn
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Tamara Bakuradze
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Simone Stegmüller
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jens Galan
- Medical Institute, Hochgewanne 19, D-67269 Grünstadt, Germany
| | - Sonja Niesen
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstraße 20, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter Winterhalter
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstraße 20, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elke Richling
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-631-205-4061
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Ghitti E, Rolli E, Crotti E, Borin S. Flavonoids Are Intra- and Inter-Kingdom Modulator Signals. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122479. [PMID: 36557733 PMCID: PMC9781135 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a broad class of secondary metabolites with multifaceted functionalities for plant homeostasis and are involved in facing both biotic and abiotic stresses to sustain plant growth and health. Furthermore, they were discovered as mediators of plant networking with the surrounding environment, showing a surprising ability to perform as signaling compounds for a multitrophic inter-kingdom level of communication that influences the plant host at the phytobiome scale. Flavonoids orchestrate plant-neighboring plant allelopathic interactions, recruit beneficial bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi, counteract pathogen outbreak, influence soil microbiome and affect plant physiology to improve its resilience to fluctuating environmental conditions. This review focuses on the diversified spectrum of flavonoid functions in plants under a variety of stresses in the modulation of plant morphogenesis in response to environmental clues, as well as their role as inter-kingdom signaling molecules with micro- and macroorganisms. Regarding the latter, the review addresses flavonoids as key phytochemicals in the human diet, considering their abundance in fruits and edible plants. Recent evidence highlights their role as nutraceuticals, probiotics and as promising new drugs for the treatment of several pathologies.
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24
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Roussel C, Chabaud S, Lessard-Lord J, Cattero V, Pellerin FA, Feutry P, Bochard V, Bolduc S, Desjardins Y. UPEC Colonic-Virulence and Urovirulence Are Blunted by Proanthocyanidins-Rich Cranberry Extract Microbial Metabolites in a Gut Model and a 3D Tissue-Engineered Urothelium. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0243221. [PMID: 35972287 PMCID: PMC9603664 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02432-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) ecology-pathophysiology from the gut reservoir to its urothelium infection site is poorly understood, resulting in equivocal benefits in the use of cranberry as prophylaxis against urinary tract infections. To add further understanding from the previous findings on PAC antiadhesive properties against UPEC, we assessed in this study the effects of proanthocyanidins (PAC) rich cranberry extract microbial metabolites on UTI89 virulence and fitness in contrasting ecological UPEC's environments. For this purpose, we developed an original model combining a colonic fermentation system (SHIME) with a dialysis cassette device enclosing UPEC and a 3D tissue-engineered urothelium. Two healthy fecal donors inoculated the colons. Dialysis cassettes containing 7log10 CFU/mL UTI89 were immersed for 2h in the SHIME colons to assess the effect of untreated (7-day control diet)/treated (14-day PAC-rich extract) metabolomes on UPEC behavior. Engineered urothelium were then infected with dialysates containing UPEC for 6 h. This work demonstrated for the first time that in the control fecal microbiota condition without added PAC, the UPEC virulence genes were activated upstream the infection site, in the gut. However, PAC microbial-derived cranberry metabolites displayed a remarkable propensity to blunt activation of genes encoding toxin, adhesin/invasins in the gut and on the urothelium, in a donor-dependent manner. Variability in subjects' gut microbiota and ensuing contrasting cranberry PAC metabolism affects UPEC virulence and should be taken into consideration when designing cranberry efficacy clinical trials. IMPORTANCE Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the primary cause of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI). The poor understanding of UPEC ecology-pathophysiology from its reservoir-the gut, to its infection site-the urothelium, partly explains the inadequate and abusive use of antibiotics to treat UTI, which leads to a dramatic upsurge in antibiotic-resistance cases. In this context, we evaluated the effect of a cranberry proanthocyanidins (PAC)-rich extract on the UPEC survival and virulence in a bipartite model of a gut microbial environment and a 3D urothelium model. We demonstrated that PAC-rich cranberry extract microbial metabolites significantly blunt activation of UPEC virulence genes at an early stage in the gut reservoir. We also showed that altered virulence in the gut affects infectivity on the urothelium in a microbiota-dependent manner. Among the possible mechanisms, we surmise that specific microbial PAC metabolites may attenuate UPEC virulence, thereby explaining the preventative, yet contentious properties of cranberry against UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Roussel
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Chabaud
- Centre de Recherche en Organogenèse Expérimentale de l Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec‐Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacob Lessard-Lord
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valentina Cattero
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Félix-Antoine Pellerin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogenèse Expérimentale de l Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec‐Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Perrine Feutry
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Stéphane Bolduc
- Centre de Recherche en Organogenèse Expérimentale de l Université Laval/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec‐Université Laval, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yves Desjardins
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, Quebec, Canada
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Amin R, Thalluri C, Docea AO, Sharifi‐Rad J, Calina D. Therapeutic potential of cranberry for kidney health and diseases. EFOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/efd2.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruhul Amin
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science Assam Down Town University Guwahati Assam India
| | | | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova Craiova Romania
| | | | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova Craiova Romania
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26
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Zhang B, Zhang Y, Liu X, Yin J, Li X, Zhang X, Xing X, Wang J, Wang S. Differential Protective Effect of Resveratrol and Its Microbial Metabolites on Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction is Mediated by the AMPK Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11301-11313. [PMID: 36066018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of resveratrol (RES) on intestinal barrier dysfunction and colitis has been extensively studied. However, the specific effects of its microbial metabolites on gut barrier function remain unclear. Hence, we compared the protective effects of RES and its microbial metabolites dihydroresveratrol (DHR) and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid (4HPP) against intestinal barrier injury and colitis. Only 4HPP and RES significantly reduced paracellular permeability and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-treated intestinal Caco-2 cells, which was consistent with the upregulation in tight junction (TJ) proteins. Furthermore, RES and 4HPP ameliorated intestinal barrier dysfunction and colonic inflammation in colitis mice, while DHR did not. In particular, the expressions of intestinal TJ proteins and Muc2 were restored by RES and 4HPP. The molecular mechanism involved the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated activation of CDX2 and the regulation of the SIRT1/NF-κB pathway. These findings provide new insights into understanding the protective effects of RES against intestinal barrier damage and colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaolong Xing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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27
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Carregosa D, Pinto C, Ávila-Gálvez MÁ, Bastos P, Berry D, Santos CN. A look beyond dietary (poly)phenols: The low molecular weight phenolic metabolites and their concentrations in human circulation. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3931-3962. [PMID: 36037277 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A large number of epidemiological studies have shown that consumption of fruits, vegetables, and beverages rich in (poly)phenols promote numerous health benefits from cardiovascular to neurological diseases. Evidence on (poly)phenols has been applied mainly to flavonoids, yet the role of phenolic acids has been largely overlooked. Such phenolics present in food combine with those resulting from gut microbiota catabolism of flavonoids and chlorogenic acids and those produced by endogenous pathways, resulting in large concentrations of low molecular weight phenolic metabolites in human circulation. Independently of the origin, in human intervention studies using diets rich in (poly)phenols, a total of 137 low molecular weight phenolic metabolites have been detected and quantified in human circulation with largely unknown biological function. In this review, we will pinpoint two main aspects of the low molecular weight phenolic metabolites: (i) the microbiota responsible for their generation, and (ii) the analysis (quali- and quantitative) in human circulation and their respective pharmacokinetics. In doing so, we aim to drive scientific advances regarding the ubiquitous roles of low molecular weight phenolic metabolites using physiologically relevant concentrations and under (patho)physiologically relevant conditions in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Carregosa
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Pinto
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - María Ángeles Ávila-Gálvez
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, Lisboa, Portugal.,iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Paulo Bastos
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - David Berry
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cláudia Nunes Santos
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas, NMS
- FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, Lisboa, Portugal.,iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras, Portugal
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Effect of heat-moisture treated brown rice crackers on postprandial flow-mediated dilation in adults with mild endothelial dysfunction. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10284. [PMID: 36051263 PMCID: PMC9424955 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial dysfunction is an early pathophysiological feature and independent predictor of a poor prognosis in most forms of cardiovascular disease. We evaluated the effect of brown rice crackers (BR-C) on endothelial function. Methods Effect of heat-moisture treated (HMT) -BR-C on postprandial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in adults with mild endothelial dysfunction was compared with that of BR-C and white rice crackers (WR-C) in 12 adults with mild endothelial dysfunction (less than 7.0% of FMD) by a randomized, single-blind, three-treatment three-period crossover trial (UMIN 000034898). Since we considered that the FMD increase was associated with the treatment of HMT-BR-C, we examined the effect of three possible factors: postprandial glucose levels, polyphenol content, and polyphenol release from the food matrix. Results Mean pre-intake baseline FMD values of HMT-BR-C, BR-C, and WR-C were 4.9%, 5.1%, and 4.9%, respectively, and those values 1 h post-intake were 6.3%, 5.1%, and 4.8%, respectively. There was no difference in intergroup comparisons of FMD using Dunnett's multiple comparison test. There was a significant increase in FMD only in HMT-BR-C in intragroup comparisons (P = 0.042 by paired-t test). In comparison with BR-C, no significant difference was noted in the postprandial glucose level nor in the content of total polyphenols and ferulic acid derivatives in HMT-BR-C. However, the 70% ethanol extracted from HMT-BR-C contained a significantly larger amount of free and bound ferulic acids than from BR-C. Conclusion HMT-BR-C intake increased the postprandial FMD response.
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Flanagan E, Cameron D, Sobhan R, Wong C, Pontifex MG, Tosi N, Mena P, Del Rio D, Sami S, Narbad A, Müller M, Hornberger M, Vauzour D. Chronic Consumption of Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon) for 12 Weeks Improves Episodic Memory and Regional Brain Perfusion in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Groups Feasibility Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:849902. [PMID: 35662954 PMCID: PMC9160193 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.849902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ageing is highly associated with cognitive decline and modifiable risk factors such as diet are believed to protect against this process. Specific dietary components and in particular, (poly)phenol-rich fruits such as berries have been increasingly recognised for their protection against age-related neurodegeneration. However, the impact of cranberries on cognitive function and neural functioning in older adults remains unclear. Design A 12-week parallel randomised placebo-controlled trial of freeze-dried cranberry powder was conducted in 60 older adults aged between 50 and 80 years. Cognitive assessment, including memory and executive function, neuroimaging and blood sample collection were conducted before and after the intervention to assess the impact of daily cranberry consumption on cognition, brain function and biomarkers of neuronal signalling. Results Cranberry supplementation for 12 weeks was associated with improvements in visual episodic memory in aged participants when compared to placebo. Mechanisms of action may include increased regional perfusion in the right entorhinal cortex, the accumbens area and the caudate in the cranberry group. Significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol during the course of the intervention was also observed. No significant differences were, however, detected for BDNF levels between groups. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that daily cranberry supplementation (equivalent to 1 small cup of cranberries) over a 12-week period improves episodic memory performance and neural functioning, providing a basis for future investigations to determine efficacy in the context of neurological disease. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03679533 and at ISRCTN as ISRCTN76069316.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Flanagan
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Donnie Cameron
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Rashed Sobhan
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe Wong
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew G. Pontifex
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Tosi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Saber Sami
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Arjan Narbad
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Müller
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Hornberger
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - David Vauzour
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: David Vauzour,
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30
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Clifford MN, Kuhnert N. LC-MS Characterization and Quantification of Known and Unknown (Poly)phenol Metabolites-Possible Pitfalls and Their Avoidance. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2101013. [PMID: 35489085 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the LC-MS characterization and quantification of dietary (poly)phenols and their metabolites. It draws attention to errors, omissions, and misunderstandings that appear frequently in published papers, and suggests strategies for their avoidance. Aspects covered include the use of authentic standards and surrogate reference materials, the importance of collecting and archiving Total Ion Current MS data, the limitations of using on-line compilations of accurate mass MS data to assign unknown components when multiple isomers are possible, and the often understated magnitude of person-to-person variation that may significantly impact at population level any potential health benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Clifford
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK.,Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Nikolai Kuhnert
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany
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31
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Heiss C, Istas G, Feliciano RP, Weber T, Wang B, Favari C, Mena P, Del Rio D, Rodriguez-Mateos A. Daily consumption of cranberry improves endothelial function in healthy adults: a double blind randomized controlled trial. Food Funct 2022; 13:3812-3824. [PMID: 35322843 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00080f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Previous studies indicate cardiovascular health benefits of cranberry juice consumption. However, whether daily consumption of whole cranberries will have sustained vascular benefits in healthy individuals is currently unknown. Objective: To investigate the vascular effects of acute and daily consumption of freeze dried whole cranberry in healthy men and how effects relate to circulating cranberry (poly)phenol metabolites. Methods: A double-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial was conducted in 45 healthy male adults randomly allocated to 1 month daily consumption of either cranberry (9 g powder solubilized in water equivalent to 100 g of fresh cranberries, 525 mg total (poly)phenols) or control (9 g powder, no (poly)phenols). Flow-mediated dilation (FMD, primary outcome), pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic augmentation index (AIx), blood pressure, heart rate, blood lipids, and blood glucose were assessed at baseline and at 2 h on day 1 and after 1 month. Plasma and 24 h-urine were analyzed before and after treatment using targeted quantitative LC-MS methods including 137 (poly)phenol metabolites. Results: Cranberry consumption significantly increased FMD at 2 h and 1-month (1.1% (95% CI: 1.1%, 1.8%); ptreatment ≤ 0.001; ptreatment × time = 0.606) but not PWV, AIx, blood pressure, heart rate, blood lipids, and glucose. Of the 56 and 74 (poly)phenol metabolites quantified in plasma and urine, 13 plasma and 13 urinary metabolites significantly increased 2 h post-consumption and on day 1, respectively, while 4 plasma and 13 urinary metabolites were significantly higher after 1-month of cranberry consumption, in comparison with control. A multi-variable stepwise linear regression analysis showed that plasma cinnamic acid-4'-glucuronide, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid-3-sulfate, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3'-hydroxycinnamic acid, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were significant independent predictors of 2 h FMD effects (R2 = 0.71), while 3'-hydroxycinnamic acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid-3'-glucuronide, 3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid 3'-sulfate, and 3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid 3'-glucuronide predicted the 1-month FMD effects (R2 = 0.52). Conclusions: Acute and daily consumption of whole cranberry powder for 1 month improves vascular function in healthy men and this is linked with specific metabolite profiles in plasma. The National Institutes of Health (NIH)-randomized trial records held on the NIH ClinicalTrials.gov website (NCT02764749). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02764749.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Heiss
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, East Surrey Hospital, Redhill, UK
| | - Geoffrey Istas
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Rodrigo P Feliciano
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Timon Weber
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Brian Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Claudia Favari
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,School of Advanced Studies on Food and Nutrition, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
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Lofft Z, Taibi A, Massara P, Tokar T, Paetau‐Robinson I, Khoo C, Comelli EM. Cranberry proanthocyanidin and its microbial metabolite 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, but not 3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐propionic acid, partially reverse pro‐inflammatory microRNA responses in human intestinal epithelial cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100853. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Lofft
- Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Toronto ON Canada
| | - Amel Taibi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Toronto ON Canada
| | - Paraskevi Massara
- Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Toronto ON Canada
- Translational Medicine Program Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Canada
| | - Tomas Tokar
- Krembil Research Institute University Health Network Toronto ON M5T 0S8 Canada
| | | | - Christina Khoo
- Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. Lakeville‐Middleboro MA USA
| | - Elena M. Comelli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Toronto ON Canada
- Joannah and Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition University of Toronto ON Canada
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Simulated gastrointestinal digestion of cranberry polyphenols under dynamic conditions. Impact on antiadhesive activity against uropathogenic bacteria. Food Chem 2022; 368:130871. [PMID: 34438174 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study is the first dynamic simulation of gastrointestinal digestion of cranberry polyphenols [1 g cranberry extract per day (206.2 mg polyphenols) for 18 days]. Samples from the simulated ascending, transverse, and descending colon of the dynamic gastrointestinal simulator simgi® were analyzed. Results showed that 67% of the total cranberry polyphenols were recovered after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Specifically, benzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, phenylpropionic acids, phenylacetic acids, and simple phenols were identified. Cranberry feeding modified colonic microbiota composition of Enterococcaceae population significantly. However, increments in microbial-derived short-chain fatty acids, particularly in butyric acid, were observed. Finally, the simgi® effluent during cranberry feeding showed significant antiadhesive activity against uropathogenic Escherichia coli (13.7 ± 1.59 % of inhibition). Understanding the role that gut microbiota plays in cranberry metabolism could help to elucidate its interaction with the human body and explain cranberry protective effects against urinary tract infections.
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Agarwal N, Kolba N, Khen N, Even C, Turjeman S, Koren O, Tako E. Quinoa Soluble Fiber and Quercetin Alter the Composition of the Gut Microbiome and Improve Brush Border Membrane Morphology In Vivo ( Gallus gallus). Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030448. [PMID: 35276807 PMCID: PMC8838577 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), a gluten-free pseudo-cereal, has gained popularity over the last decade due to its high nutritional value. Quinoa is a rich source of proteins, carbohydrates, fibers, tocopherols (Vitamin E), unsaturated fatty acids and a wide range of polyphenols. The study used Gallus gallus intra-amniotic feeding, a clinically validated method, to assess the effects of quinoa soluble fiber (QSF) and quercetin 3-glucoside (Q3G) versus control. Quercetin is a pharmacologically active polyphenol found in quinoa. Six groups (no injection, 18 Ω H2O, 5% inulin, 1% Q3G, 5% QSF, 1% Q3G + 5% QSF) were assessed for their effect on the brush border membrane (BBM) functionality, intestinal morphology and cecal bacterial populations. Our results showed a significant (p < 0.05) improvement in BBM morphology, particularly goblet and Paneth cell numbers, in the group administered with quinoa and quercetin. However, there were no significant changes seen in the expression of the genes assessed both in the duodenum and liver between any of the treatment groups. Furthermore, fibrous quinoa increased the concentration of probiotic L. plantarum populations compared to the control (H2O). In conclusion, quercetin and quinoa fiber consumption has the potential to improve intestinal morphology and modulate the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Agarwal
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; (N.A.); (N.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Nikolai Kolba
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; (N.A.); (N.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Noa Khen
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; (N.A.); (N.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Carmel Even
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel; (C.E.); (S.T.); (O.K.)
| | - Sondra Turjeman
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel; (C.E.); (S.T.); (O.K.)
| | - Omry Koren
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel; (C.E.); (S.T.); (O.K.)
| | - Elad Tako
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; (N.A.); (N.K.); (N.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-607-255-0884
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Rafiq T, Azab SM, Teo KK, Thabane L, Anand SS, Morrison KM, de Souza RJ, Britz-McKibbin P. Nutritional Metabolomics and the Classification of Dietary Biomarker Candidates: A Critical Review. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:2333-2357. [PMID: 34015815 PMCID: PMC8634495 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in metabolomics allow for more objective assessment of contemporary food exposures, which have been proposed as an alternative or complement to self-reporting of food intake. However, the quality of evidence supporting the utility of dietary biomarkers as valid measures of habitual intake of foods or complex dietary patterns in diverse populations has not been systematically evaluated. We reviewed nutritional metabolomics studies reporting metabolites associated with specific foods or food groups; evaluated the interstudy repeatability of dietary biomarker candidates; and reported study design, metabolomic approach, analytical technique(s), and type of biofluid analyzed. A comprehensive literature search of 5 databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, BIOSIS, and CINAHL) was conducted from inception through December 2020. This review included 244 studies, 169 (69%) of which were interventional studies (9 of these were replicated in free-living participants) and 151 (62%) of which measured the metabolomic profile of serum and/or plasma. Food-based metabolites identified in ≥1 study and/or biofluid were associated with 11 food-specific categories or dietary patterns: 1) fruits; 2) vegetables; 3) high-fiber foods (grain-rich); 4) meats; 5) seafood; 6) pulses, legumes, and nuts; 7) alcohol; 8) caffeinated beverages, teas, and cocoas; 9) dairy and soya; 10) sweet and sugary foods; and 11) complex dietary patterns and other foods. We conclude that 69 metabolites represent good candidate biomarkers of food intake. Quantitative measurement of these metabolites will advance our understanding of the relation between diet and chronic disease risk and support evidence-based dietary guidelines for global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Rafiq
- Medical Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Sandi M Azab
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Koon K Teo
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Sonia S Anand
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | - Russell J de Souza
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Metabotypes of flavan-3-ol colonic metabolites after cranberry intake: elucidation and statistical approaches. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:1299-1317. [PMID: 34750642 PMCID: PMC8921115 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02692-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Extensive inter-individual variability exists in the production of flavan-3-ol metabolites. Preliminary metabolic phenotypes (metabotypes) have been defined, but there is no consensus on the existence of metabotypes associated with the catabolism of catechins and proanthocyanidins. This study aims at elucidating the presence of different metabotypes in the urinary excretion of main flavan-3-ol colonic metabolites after consumption of cranberry products and at assessing the impact of the statistical technique used for metabotyping. Methods Data on urinary concentrations of phenyl-γ-valerolactones and 3-(hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid derivatives from two human interventions has been used. Different multivariate statistics, principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis, and partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), have been considered. Results Data pre-treatment plays a major role on resulting PCA models. Cluster analysis based on k-means and a final consensus algorithm lead to quantitative-based models, while the expectation–maximization algorithm and clustering according to principal component scores yield metabotypes characterized by quali-quantitative differences in the excretion of colonic metabolites. PLS-DA, together with univariate analyses, has served to validate the urinary metabotypes in the production of flavan-3-ol metabolites and to confirm the robustness of the methodological approach. Conclusions This work proposes a methodological workflow for metabotype definition and highlights the importance of data pre-treatment and clustering methods on the final outcomes for a given dataset. It represents an additional step toward the understanding of the inter-individual variability in flavan-3-ol metabolism. Trial registration The acute study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02517775, August 7, 2015; the chronic study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02764749, May 6, 2016. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00394-021-02692-z.
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Sibeko L, Johns T, Cordeiro LS. Traditional plant use during lactation and postpartum recovery: Infant development and maternal health roles. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114377. [PMID: 34192598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Evidence of phytochemical roles in infant development and maternal recovery offers insights into beneficial functions of traditional plant use during lactation and the postpartum period. Ethnopharmacological research has relevance to global priorities on maternal and child health, to understanding origins and determinants of human self-medication, and for reconciling traditional postpartum practices and mainstream healthcare. AIM OF THE STUDY Present emerging evidence, within evolutionary and socio-cultural contexts, on the role of maternal consumption on transfer of phytochemicals into breast milk with impacts on maternal and child health, and on infant development. Establish current state of knowledge and an ethnopharmacological research agenda that is attentive to cross-cultural and regional differences in postpartum plant use. MATERIALS AND METHODS An extensive literature review using Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science focused on traditional and contemporary use and socio-cultural context, as well as physiological, pharmacological, toxicological, and behavioral activities of plants used medicinally by women during postpartum recovery and lactation. RESULTS The most widely reported postpartum plants show antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunological, and neurophysiological activities, with low toxicity. Phytochemicals transfer from maternal consumption into breast milk in physiological concentrations, while animal studies demonstrate immunomodulation and other actions of medicinal plants during lactation. Reporting on the use and diverse traditional knowledge of women about plants during the postpartum period is obscured by the marginal place of obstetric issues and by gender biases in ethnobotanical research. In many contemporary contexts use is prejudiced by precautionary risk warnings in health literature and practice that confound lactation with pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Although systematic investigation of postpartum plant use is lacking, known pharmacological activities support potential benefits on infant development and maternal health with immediate and long-term consequences in relation to allergic, inflammatory, autoimmune, and other diseases. An ethnopharmacological agenda focused on the perinatal period requires directed methodologies and a regional approach in relation to culturally-specific knowledge and practices, traditional plant use, and local health needs. Testing the hypothesis that phytochemicals transferred from medicinal plants into breast milk impact the human immune system and other aspects of infant development requires extended analysis of phytochemicals in human milk and infant lumen and plasma, as well as effects on gastrointestinal and milk microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindiwe Sibeko
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Timothy Johns
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
| | - Lorraine S Cordeiro
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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Stromsnes K, Lagzdina R, Olaso-Gonzalez G, Gimeno-Mallench L, Gambini J. Pharmacological Properties of Polyphenols: Bioavailability, Mechanisms of Action, and Biological Effects in In Vitro Studies, Animal Models, and Humans. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1074. [PMID: 34440278 PMCID: PMC8392236 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs are bioactive compounds originally discovered from chemical structures present in both the plant and animal kingdoms. These have the ability to interact with molecules found in our body, blocking them, activating them, or increasing or decreasing their levels. Their actions have allowed us to cure diseases and improve our state of health, which has led us to increase the longevity of our species. Among the molecules with pharmacological activity produced by plants are the polyphenols. These, due to their molecular structure, as drugs, also have the ability to interact with molecules in our body, presenting various pharmacological properties. In addition, these compounds are found in multiple foods in our diet. In this review, we focused on discussing the bioavailability of these compounds when we ingested them through diet and the specific mechanisms of action of polyphenols, focusing on studies carried out in vitro, in animals and in humans over the last five years. Knowing which foods have these pharmacological activities could allow us to prevent and aid as concomitant treatment against various pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Stromsnes
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University of Valencia and CIBERFES, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (K.S.); (G.O.-G.)
| | - Rudite Lagzdina
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Gloria Olaso-Gonzalez
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University of Valencia and CIBERFES, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (K.S.); (G.O.-G.)
| | - Lucia Gimeno-Mallench
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cardenal Herrera CEU University, 46115 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Juan Gambini
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University of Valencia and CIBERFES, Avda. Blasco Ibañez, 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (K.S.); (G.O.-G.)
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Chettaoui R, Mayot G, De Almeida L, Di Martino P. Cranberry ( Vaccinium macrocarpon) dietary supplementation and fecal microbiota of Wistar rats. AIMS Microbiol 2021; 7:257-270. [PMID: 34250378 PMCID: PMC8255906 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2021016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) dietary supplementation can help prevention of urinary tract infections through the supply of proanthocyanidin-type polyphenols (PAC). The main uropathogenic bacteria are members of the intestinal microbiota. A randomized cross-over experiment was done to investigate whether cranberry dietary supplementation affects concentrations of thermotolerant coliforms, Enterococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. in rat faeces. Thirteen rats, housed in individual cages, received successively two diets as pellets during 7 days each: a standard diet without polyphenols and the standard diet supplemented with cranberry powder containing 10.9 mg/100 g of PAC. There was a 7 days wash-out period in between with standard diet without polyphenols. Body weight and feed intake were recorded. Faeces were collected on the last day of treatment, and crushed to count the different bacterial populations using the most probable number method. Thermotolerant coliforms were grown in BGBLB tubes and on MacConkey agar. Enterococcus spp. were grown in Rothe and Litsky broths and on KF Streptococcus agar. Lactobacillus spp. were grown in Man Rogosa Sharpe broth. Body mass gains were not affected by cranberry supplementation. This is consistent with equal food intake, cranberry powder not providing significant energy supplement. Cranberry dietary supplementation was associated with changes in fecal concentrations of thermotolerant coliforms, and Enterococcus spp. in some rats, but did not induce significant changes in bacterial fecal concentrations in a global population of 13 rats. In conclusion, we did not observe any significant effect of dietary cranberry supplementation on the fecal microbiota of Wistars rats for a 7-day diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane Chettaoui
- Laboratoire ERRMECe, CY Cergy Paris University, 1 rue Descartes 95000 Neuville-sur-Oise, France
| | - Gilles Mayot
- Laboratoire ERRMECe, CY Cergy Paris University, 1 rue Descartes 95000 Neuville-sur-Oise, France
| | - Loris De Almeida
- Laboratoire ERRMECe, CY Cergy Paris University, 1 rue Descartes 95000 Neuville-sur-Oise, France
| | - Patrick Di Martino
- Laboratoire ERRMECe, CY Cergy Paris University, 1 rue Descartes 95000 Neuville-sur-Oise, France
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Dilberger B, Weppler S, Eckert GP. Phenolic acid metabolites of polyphenols act as inductors for hormesis in C. elegans. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 198:111518. [PMID: 34139214 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aging represents a major risk factors for metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, or neurodegeneration. Polyphenols and their metabolites, especially simple phenolic acids, gained growing attention as a preventive strategy against age-related, non-communicable diseases, due to their hormetic potential. Using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) we investigate the effect of protocatechuic, gallic, and vanillic acid on mitochondrial function, health parameters, and the induction of potential hormetic pathways. METHODS Lifespan, heat-stress resistance and chemotaxis of C. elegans strain P X 627, a specific model for aging, were assessed in 2-day and 10-day old nematodes. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and ATP generation were measured. mRNA expression levels of longevity and energy metabolism-related genes were determined using qRT-PCR. RESULTS All phenolic acids were able to significantly increase the nematodes lifespan, heat-stress resistance and chemotaxis at micromolar concentrations. While ΔΨm was only affected by age, vanillic acid (VA) significantly decreased ATP concentrations in aged nematodes. Longevity pathways, were activated by all phenolic acids, while VA also induced glycolytic activity and response to cold. CONCLUSION While life- and health span parameters are positively affected by the investigated phenolic acids, the concentrations applied were unable to affect mitochondrial performance. Therefore we suggest a hormetic mode of action, especially by activation of the sirtuin-pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Dilberger
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Laboratory for Nutrition in Prevention and Therapy, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstrasse 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Selina Weppler
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Laboratory for Nutrition in Prevention and Therapy, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstrasse 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Gunter P Eckert
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Laboratory for Nutrition in Prevention and Therapy, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstrasse 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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In vitro (poly)phenol catabolism of unformulated- and phytosome-formulated cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) extracts. Food Res Int 2021; 141:110137. [PMID: 33642004 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon) represent an important source of anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols and flavonols. This study aimed at investigating in vitro the human microbial metabolism of (poly)phenols, principally flavan-3-ols, of unformulated- and phytosome-formulated cranberry extracts. After powder characterization, a 24-h fermentation with human faecal slurries was performed, standardizing the concentration of incubated proanthocyanidins. Cranberry (poly)phenol metabolites were quantified by uHPLC-MS2 analyses. The native compounds of both unformulated- and phytosome-formulated cranberry extracts were metabolized under faecal microbiota activity, resulting in twenty-four microbial metabolites. Although some differences appeared when considering different classes of colonic metabolites, no significant differences in the total amount of metabolites were established after 24 h of incubation period. These results suggested that a different formulation had no effect on flavan-3-ol colonic metabolism of cranberry and both unformulated- and phytosome-formulated extract. Both formulations displayed the capability to be a potential source of compounds which could lead to a wide array of gut microbiota metabolites in vitro.
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Prasain JK, Barnes S. Cranberry polyphenols‐gut microbiota interactions and potential health benefits: An updated review. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeevan K. Prasain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama USA
| | - Stephen Barnes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama USA
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Gerardi G, Cavia-Saiz M, Rivero-Pérez MD, González-SanJosé ML, Muñiz P. The dose-response effect on polyphenol bioavailability after intake of white and red wine pomace products by Wistar rats. Food Funct 2020; 11:1661-1671. [PMID: 32030390 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01743g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Wine pomace by-products are an important source of phenolic acids with significant health benefits. However, phenolic acid bioavailability in vivo has been little studied and there are few comparative studies on bioavailability between red and white wine pomace and the effect of intake of different doses. The qualitative and quantitative profile of phenolic acid metabolites in plasma and urine samples from Wistar rats was obtained by gas chromatography/mass detection, after oral administration of four doses (50, 100, 150, and 300 mg) of both the red and the white wine pomace products (rWPP and wWPP, respectively). The antioxidant capacity of the plasma samples assessed by both the ABTS and the FRAP levels was also evaluated. The results showed that neither the bioavailability nor the antioxidant capacity in vivo of the rWPP increased at high doses. However, both parameters were dependent on the intake of the wWPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Gerardi
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
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Cranberry for Bacteriuria in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9869851. [PMID: 33194008 PMCID: PMC7648708 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9869851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) and in veterans with SCI who use antibiotics improperly for asymptomatic bacteriuria. Cranberry (CB) has been suggested for UTI prevention. Methods We performed a systematic search up to May 2020 in the following databases: AccessMedicine, BioMed Central, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, and PubMed. Quality assessment was performed using a specifically designed quality score. Risk ratio was calculated with both random effect model analysis (DerSimonian-Laird method) and quality effect model analysis (Doi Thalib method). Results Six studies on bacteriuria and SCI were reviewed. From the four studies available for meta-analysis, two of which with individuals taking both CB and control, 477 data from 415 participants were analysed (241 CB and 236 control). No significant differences were detected with meta-analysis. However, bias, limitations, and incompleteness were observed in the reviewed studies. Conclusion Although further studies are needed, we suggest an accurate monitoring of diet and fluid intake, the evaluation of risk for potential food or nutraceutical interactions with drugs, and the inclusion of inflammatory markers among the outcomes in addition to UTI.
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Abstract
Fruit intake is associated with lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, effects of dried fruits on cardiometabolic health are not well researched. We investigated the effect of daily dried fruit consumption compared with a carbohydrate-rich snack on cardiometabolic disease risk factors in adults with increased cardiometabolic risk. A two-period randomised crossover trial was conducted in adults (n 55) with elevated BMI and at least one additional risk factor for cardiometabolic disease to compare the effects of consuming 3/4 cup/d mixed dried fruits (plums, figs, dates and raisins) or an energy- and carbohydrate-matched control snack for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was LDL-cholesterol; secondary outcomes included other lipids and lipoproteins, glucose and insulin, C-reactive protein, blood pressure and vascular stiffness. Linear mixed models were used for data analysis. Lipid and lipoprotein concentrations did not differ between conditions; however, dried fruit increased LDL-cholesterol (0·10 mmol/l, 95 % CI 0·01, 0·20) compared with baseline. Compared with the control, dried fruit increased mean fasting glucose (0·08 mmol/l, 95 % CI 0·005, 0·16; P = 0·038). Vascular outcomes, fasting insulin and C-reactive protein did not differ between conditions. Mean weight changes did not differ (P = 0·55) but tended to increase after both conditions (dried fruit 0·3 kg, 95 % CI -0·09, 0·65; control 0·4 kg, 95 % CI 0·01, 0·75). Thus, short-term daily consumption of a large portion of mixed dried plums, figs, dates and raisins, without structured dietary guidance, did not improve cardiometabolic risk factors, compared with carbohydrate-rich snacks, in adults with increased baseline cardiometabolic risk.
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Leonard W, Zhang P, Ying D, Fang Z. Hydroxycinnamic acids on gut microbiota and health. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 20:710-737. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William Leonard
- School of Agriculture and Food The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Pangzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Danyang Ying
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food Werribee Victoria Australia
| | - Zhongxiang Fang
- School of Agriculture and Food The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
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Lavefve L, Howard LR, Carbonero F. Berry polyphenols metabolism and impact on human gut microbiota and health. Food Funct 2020; 11:45-65. [PMID: 31808762 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01634a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Berries are rich in phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonols and anthocyanins. These molecules are often reported as being responsible for the health effects attributed to berries. However, their poor bioavailability, mostly influenced by their complex chemical structures, raises the question of their actual direct impact on health. The products of their metabolization, however, may be the most bioactive compounds due to their ability to enter the blood circulation and reach the organs. The main site of metabolization of the complex polyphenols to smaller phenolic compounds is the gut through the action of microorganisms, and reciprocally polyphenols and their metabolites can also modulate the microbial populations. In healthy subjects, these modulations generally lead to an increase in Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Akkermansia, therefore suggesting a prebiotic-like effect of the berries or their compounds. Finally, berries have been demonstrated to alleviate symptoms of gut inflammation through the modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and have chemopreventive effects towards colon cancer through the regulation of apoptosis, cell proliferation and angiogenesis. This review recapitulates the knowledge available on the interactions between berries polyphenols, gut microbiota and gut health and identifies knowledge gaps for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lavefve
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, USA
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Liu J, Zhao M, Zhu Y, Zheng L, Yin Y. Plasma Metabolomic and Lipidomic Profiling of a Genetically Modified Mouse Model of Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I. Proteomics 2020; 20:e2000050. [PMID: 33090674 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202000050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall and is becoming the principal cause of death globally. The reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) mediated by scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) is a major protection mechanism against atherosclerosis. To investigate the metabolome changes and to find potential biomarkers involved in RCT, nontargeted metabolomics and nontargeted lipidomics are applied to SR-BI knockout mice that are fed a high fat and high cholesterol diet. SR-BI knockout mice and controls are told apart using multidimensional statistical analysis, and potential biomarkers are found and identified. The pathophysiological meaning of the biomarkers and the perturbed metabolic pathways are also addressed, which could provide new evidence for atherosclerosis studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yizhang Zhu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lemin Zheng
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuxin Yin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
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Ulaszewska M, Garcia-Aloy M, Vázquez-Manjarrez N, Soria-Florido MT, Llorach R, Mattivi F, Manach C. Food intake biomarkers for berries and grapes. GENES AND NUTRITION 2020; 15:17. [PMID: 32967625 PMCID: PMC7509942 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-020-00675-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Grapes and berries are two types of widely consumed fruits characterized by a high content in different phytochemicals. However, their accurate dietary assessment is particularly arduous, because of the already wide recognized bias associated with self-reporting methods, combined with the large range of species and cultivars and the fact that these fruits are popularly consumed not only in fresh and frozen forms but also as processed and derived products, including dried and canned fruits, beverages, jams, and jellies. Reporting precise type and/or quantity of grape and berries in FFQ or diaries can obviously be affected by errors. Recently, biomarkers of food intake (BFIs) rose as a promising tool to provide accurate information indicating consumption of certain food items. Protocols for performing systematic reviews in this field, as well as for assessing the validity of candidate BFIs have been developed within the Food Biomarker Alliance (FoodBAll) Project. This paper aims to evaluate the putative BIFs for blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, cranberries, blackcurrant, and grapes. Candidate BFIs for grapes were resveratrol metabolites and tartaric acid. The metabolites considered as putative BFI for berries consumption were mostly anthocyanins derivatives together with several metabolites of ellagitannins and some aroma compounds. However, identification of BFIs for single berry types encountered more difficulties. In the absence of highly specific metabolites reported to date, we suggested some multi-metabolite panels that may be further investigated as putative biomarkers for some berry fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ulaszewska
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre Food Quality and Nutrition, Via Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Center for Omics Sciences, Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility - ProMeFa, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Garcia-Aloy
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - N Vázquez-Manjarrez
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Dirección de Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Slavador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M T Soria-Florido
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Llorach
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Mattivi
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre Food Quality and Nutrition, Via Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trent, Trento, Italy
| | - C Manach
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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González de Llano D, Moreno-Arribas MV, Bartolomé B. Cranberry Polyphenols and Prevention against Urinary Tract Infections: Relevant Considerations. Molecules 2020; 25:E3523. [PMID: 32752183 PMCID: PMC7436188 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) is a distinctive source of polyphenols as flavonoids and phenolic acids that has been described to display beneficial effects against urinary tract infections (UTIs), the second most common type of infections worldwide. UTIs can lead to significant morbidity, especially in healthy females due to high rates of recurrence and antibiotic resistance. Strategies and therapeutic alternatives to antibiotics for prophylaxis and treatment against UTIs are continuously being sought after. Different to cranberry, which have been widely recommended in traditional medicine for UTIs prophylaxis, probiotics have emerged as a new alternative to the use of antibiotics against these infections and are the subject of new research in this area. Besides uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the most common bacteria causing uncomplicated UTIs, other etiological agents, such as Klebsiellapneumoniae or Gram-positive bacteria of Enterococcus and Staphylococcus genera, seem to be more widespread than previously appreciated. Considerable current effort is also devoted to the still-unraveled mechanisms that are behind the UTI-protective effects of cranberry, probiotics and their new combined formulations. All these current topics in the understanding of the protective effects of cranberry against UTIs are reviewed in this paper. Further progresses expected in the coming years in these fields are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores González de Llano
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.M.-A.); (B.B.)
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