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Tian W, Liu L, Wang R, Quan Y, Tang B, Yu D, Zhang L, Hua H, Zhao J. Gut microbiota in insulin resistance: a bibliometric analysis. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:173-188. [PMID: 38932838 PMCID: PMC11196565 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01342-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Insulin resistance (IR) is considered the pathogenic driver of diabetes, and can lead to obesity, hypertension, coronary artery disease, metabolic syndrome, and other metabolic disorders. Accumulating evidence indicates that the connection between gut microbiota and IR. This bibliometric analysis aimed to summarize the knowledge structure of gut microbiota in IR. Methods Articles and reviews related to gut microbiota in IR from 2013 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), and the bibliometric analysis and visualization were performed by Microsoft Excel, Origin, R package (bibliometrix), Citespace, and VOSviewer. Results A total of 4 749 publications from WoSCC were retrieved, including 3 050 articles and 1 699 reviews. The majority of publications were from China and USA. The University Copenhagen and Shanghai Jiao Tong University were the most active institutions. The journal of Nutrients published the most papers, while Nature was the top 1 co-cited journal, and the major area of these publications was molecular, biology, and immunology. Nieuwdorp M published the highest number of papers, and Cani PD had the highest co-citations. Keyword analysis showed that the most frequently occurring keywords were "gut microbiota", "insulin-resistance", "obesity", and "inflammation". Trend topics and thematic maps showed that serum metabolome and natural products, such as resveratrol, flavonoids were the research hotspots in this field. Conclusion This bibliometric analysis summarised the hotspots, frontiers, pathogenesis, and treatment strategies, providing a clear and comprehensive profile of gut microbiota in IR. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01342-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Tian
- Key Lab.: Biological Evaluation of TCM Quality of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Lab.: Biological Evaluation of TCM Quality of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Ruirui Wang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203 Shanghai, China
| | - Yunyun Quan
- Key Lab.: Biological Evaluation of TCM Quality of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Bihua Tang
- Key Lab.: Biological Evaluation of TCM Quality of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Dongmei Yu
- Key Lab.: Biological Evaluation of TCM Quality of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 201203 Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Hua
- Key Lab.: Biological Evaluation of TCM Quality of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Junning Zhao
- Key Lab.: Biological Evaluation of TCM Quality of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, 610041 Chengdu, China
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Barroso SG, Castro CLC. Does Gluten Decrease (or Increase) Metabolic Syndrome Risk? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.36660/ijcs.20220163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Abstract
Obesity remains a serious relevant public health concern throughout the world despite related countermeasures being well understood (i.e. mainly physical activity and an adjusted diet). Among different nutritional approaches, there is a growing interest in ketogenic diets (KD) to manipulate body mass (BM) and to enhance fat mass loss. KD reduce the daily amount of carbohydrate intake drastically. This results in increased fatty acid utilisation, leading to an increase in blood ketone bodies (acetoacetate, 3-β-hydroxybutyrate and acetone) and therefore metabolic ketosis. For many years, nutritional intervention studies have focused on reducing dietary fat with little or conflicting positive results over the long term. Moreover, current nutritional guidelines for athletes propose carbohydrate-based diets to augment muscular adaptations. This review discusses the physiological basis of KD and their effects on BM reduction and body composition improvements in sedentary individuals combined with different types of exercise (resistance training or endurance training) in individuals with obesity and athletes. Ultimately, we discuss the strengths and the weaknesses of these nutritional interventions together with precautionary measures that should be observed in both individuals with obesity and athletic populations. A literature search from 1921 to April 2021 using Medline, Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Sportdiscus Databases was used to identify relevant studies. In summary, based on the current evidence, KD are an efficient method to reduce BM and body fat in both individuals with obesity and athletes. However, these positive impacts are mainly because of the appetite suppressive effects of KD, which can decrease daily energy intake. Therefore, KD do not have any superior benefits to non-KD in BM and body fat loss in individuals with obesity and athletic populations in an isoenergetic situation. In sedentary individuals with obesity, it seems that fat-free mass (FFM) changes appear to be as great, if not greater, than decreases following a low-fat diet. In terms of lean mass, it seems that following a KD can cause FFM loss in resistance-trained individuals. In contrast, the FFM-preserving effects of KD are more efficient in endurance-trained compared with resistance-trained individuals.
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Orange LG, Andrade MISD, Lima CR, Dourado KF, Santos TM, Petribu MM, Calaça PRDA, Silva SA. Does a Gluten-free Diet Improve Metabolic Syndrome Parameters? A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.36660/ijcs.20200291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Garcia-Hernandez SC, Porchia LM, Pacheco-Soto BT, López-Bayghen E, Gonzalez-Mejia ME. Metformin does not improve insulin sensitivity over hypocaloric diets in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review of 12 studies. Gynecol Endocrinol 2021; 37:968-976. [PMID: 33899646 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2021.1913114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To improve insulin action, most clinicians prescribe Metformin in patients with insulin resistance (IR). Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), in which IR is an important physiopathological mechanism, treatment with Metformin and specialized diets have been suggested to reduce the patient's IR. However, numerous studies have demonstrated conflicting results with respect to supplementing a diet with Metformin. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine if Metformin provides a benefit in conjunction with hypocaloric diets to improve insulin sensitivity in PCOS women. METHODS PubMed, SCOPUS, LILACS, and EBSCO databases and retrieved studies' bibliographies were searched for prospective studies that investigated the effect between Metformin and hypocaloric diets in PCOS women until April 2020. Pre- and post-intervention values for fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), and IR indices (HOMA1-IR, ISI, and QUICKI) were extracted. Using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, the pooled standard difference in the means (SDM) and 95%CIs were calculated. RESULTS 11 publications (12 studies) were selected. There was not a benefit of adding Metformin to a hypocaloric diet with respect to FPG (SDM= -0.17; 95%CI: -0.48-0.14, p = .28) and FPI (SDM = 0.16; 95%CI: -0.24-0.55, p = .45). None of the IR indices also demonstrated any benefit of using Metformin when a diet intervention was implemented (HOMA1-IR: SDM = 0.28; 95%CI: -0.27-0.84, p = .315; ISI: SDM = 0.344; 95%CI: -0.17-0.85, p = .186; QUICKI: SDM= -0.01; 95%CI: -0.42-0.41, p = .968). CONCLUSION Here, we determined that adding Metformin to hypocaloric diets did not improve serum glucose or insulin concentrations as well as IR in PCOS women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo M Porchia
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, México
| | - Blanca T Pacheco-Soto
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Esther López-Bayghen
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, México
| | - M Elba Gonzalez-Mejia
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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Ashtary-Larky D, Bagheri R, Asbaghi O, Tinsley GM, Kooti W, Abbasnezhad A, Afrisham R, Wong A. Effects of resistance training combined with a ketogenic diet on body composition: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5717-5732. [PMID: 33624538 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1890689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of ketogenic diets (KDs) on body mass (BM), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), body mass index (BMI), and body fat percentage (BFP) compared to non-KDs in individuals performing resistance training (RT). Online electronic databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, SCOPUS, and Ovid were searched to identify initial studies until February 2021. Data were pooled using both fixed and random-effects methods and were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Out of 1372 studies, 13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that enrolled 244 volunteers were included. The pooled results demonstrated that KDs significantly decreased BM [(WMD = -3.67 kg; 95% CI: -4.44, -2.90, p < 0.001)], FM [(WMD = -2.21 kg; 95% CI: -3.09, -1.34, p < 0.001)], FFM [(WMD = -1.26 kg; 95% CI: -1.82, -0.70, p < 0.001)], BMI [(WMD = -1.37 kg.m-2; 95% CI: -2.14, -0.59, p = 0.022)], and BFP [(WMD = -2.27%; 95% CI: -3.63, -0.90, p = 0.001)] compared to non-KDs. We observed beneficial effects of KDs compared to non-KDs on BM and body fat (both FM and BFP) in individuals performing RT. However, adherence to KDs may have a negative effect on FFM, which is not ameliorated by the addition of RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Grant M Tinsley
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Wesam Kooti
- Lung Diseases & Allergy Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Amir Abbasnezhad
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Reza Afrisham
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, Texas, USA
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Englert I, Bosy-Westphal A, Bischoff SC, Kohlenberg-Müller K. Impact of Protein Intake during Weight Loss on Preservation of Fat-Free Mass, Resting Energy Expenditure, and Physical Function in Overweight Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Obes Facts 2021; 14:259-270. [PMID: 33975325 PMCID: PMC8255642 DOI: 10.1159/000514427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Weight loss in old age increases the risk of sarcopenia caused by the age-related reduction of fat-free mass (FFM). Due to the strong correlation between FFM and resting energy expenditure (REE), the maintenance of this must also be considered. Besides, the physical function (PF) must be maintained. OBJECTIVE The impact of protein intake on changes in FFM, REE, and PF during weight loss in overweight postmenopausal women was investigated. METHODS Fifty-four postmenopausal women (BMI 30.9 ± 3.4; age 59 ± 7 years) were randomized into 2 groups receiving energy-restricted diets with either 0.8 g (normal protein; NP) or 1.5 g protein/kg body weight (high protein; HP) for 12 weeks, followed by a 6-month follow-up phase with an ad libitum food intake. FFM, REE, and PF (strength, endurance, and balance) were measured at baseline, after weight loss, and after follow-up. RESULTS Forty-six women completed the weight loss intervention and 29 were followed up. The weight loss was -4.6 ± 3.6 kg (HP) and -5.2 ± 3.4 kg (NP; both p < 0.001) and the weight regain during follow-up was 1.3 ± 2.8 kg (HP; p = 0.03) and 0.4 ± 2.5 kg (NP; p = 0.39), with no differences between groups. Similar decreases in FFM (-0.9 ± 1.1 [HP] vs. -1.0 ± 1.3 kg [NP]) and REE (-862 ± 569 [HP] vs. -1,000 ± 561 kJ [NP]; both p < 0.001) were observed in both groups. During follow-up, no changes in FFM were detected in either group, whereas in the NP group the REE increased again (+138 ± 296; p = 0.02). The main determinants of FFM loss were the energy deficit and the speed of weight loss. In the NP group, the Short Physical Performance Battery score improved with weight loss (+0.6 ± 0.8; p < 0.001) and handgrip strength decreased (-1.7 ± 3.4 kg; p < 0.001), whereas no changes were observed in the HP group. CONCLUSIONS An HP weight-loss diet without exercise had no impact on preservation of FFM and REE but may help to maintain muscle strength in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Englert
- Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
- *Isabell Englert,
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Akhavan NS, Pourafshar S, Johnson SA, Foley EM, George KS, Munoz J, Siebert S, Clark EA, Basiri R, Hickner RC, Navaei N, Levenson CW, Panton LB, Daggy BP, Arjmandi BH. The Relationship between Protein Intake and Source on Factors Associated with Glycemic Control in Individuals with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12072031. [PMID: 32650580 PMCID: PMC7400940 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality largely due to increased cardiovascular disease risk. This study examined the relationships among protein consumption and sources on glycemic control and cardiovascular health in individuals with prediabetes and T2D. Sixty-two overweight or obese participants with prediabetes or T2D, aged 45–75 years were stratified into the following three groups based on protein intake: <0.8 g (gram)/kg (kilogram) body weight (bw), ≥0.8 but <1.0 g/kg bw, and ≥1.0 g/kg bw as below, meeting, and above the recommended levels of protein intake, respectively. Body mass, body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC), waist circumference (WC), lean mass, and fat mass (FM) were significantly higher in participants who consumed below the recommended level of protein intake as compared with other groups. Higher animal protein intake was associated with greater insulin secretion and lower triglycerides (TG). Total, low-density, and high-density cholesterol were significantly higher in participants who met the recommended protein intake as compared with the other groups. These data suggest that high protein consumption is associated with lower BMI, HC, WC, and FM, and can improve insulin resistance without affecting lipid profiles in this population. Furthermore, higher intake of animal protein can improve β-cell function and lower plasma TG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda S. Akhavan
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (N.S.A.); (E.M.F.); (J.M.); (S.S.); (E.A.C.); (R.B.); (R.C.H.); (L.B.P.); (B.P.D.)
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.P.); (K.S.G.); (N.N.)
| | - Shirin Pourafshar
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.P.); (K.S.G.); (N.N.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Sarah A. Johnson
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA;
| | - Elizabeth M. Foley
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (N.S.A.); (E.M.F.); (J.M.); (S.S.); (E.A.C.); (R.B.); (R.C.H.); (L.B.P.); (B.P.D.)
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.P.); (K.S.G.); (N.N.)
| | - Kelli S. George
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.P.); (K.S.G.); (N.N.)
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Joseph Munoz
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (N.S.A.); (E.M.F.); (J.M.); (S.S.); (E.A.C.); (R.B.); (R.C.H.); (L.B.P.); (B.P.D.)
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.P.); (K.S.G.); (N.N.)
| | - Shalom Siebert
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (N.S.A.); (E.M.F.); (J.M.); (S.S.); (E.A.C.); (R.B.); (R.C.H.); (L.B.P.); (B.P.D.)
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.P.); (K.S.G.); (N.N.)
| | - Elizabeth A. Clark
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (N.S.A.); (E.M.F.); (J.M.); (S.S.); (E.A.C.); (R.B.); (R.C.H.); (L.B.P.); (B.P.D.)
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.P.); (K.S.G.); (N.N.)
| | - Raedeh Basiri
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (N.S.A.); (E.M.F.); (J.M.); (S.S.); (E.A.C.); (R.B.); (R.C.H.); (L.B.P.); (B.P.D.)
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.P.); (K.S.G.); (N.N.)
| | - Robert C. Hickner
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (N.S.A.); (E.M.F.); (J.M.); (S.S.); (E.A.C.); (R.B.); (R.C.H.); (L.B.P.); (B.P.D.)
| | - Negin Navaei
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.P.); (K.S.G.); (N.N.)
- Department of Nutrition, Life University, Marietta, GA 30060, USA
| | - Cathy W. Levenson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA;
| | - Lynn B. Panton
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (N.S.A.); (E.M.F.); (J.M.); (S.S.); (E.A.C.); (R.B.); (R.C.H.); (L.B.P.); (B.P.D.)
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.P.); (K.S.G.); (N.N.)
- Institute for Successful Longevity, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Bruce P. Daggy
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (N.S.A.); (E.M.F.); (J.M.); (S.S.); (E.A.C.); (R.B.); (R.C.H.); (L.B.P.); (B.P.D.)
| | - Bahram H. Arjmandi
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (N.S.A.); (E.M.F.); (J.M.); (S.S.); (E.A.C.); (R.B.); (R.C.H.); (L.B.P.); (B.P.D.)
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (S.P.); (K.S.G.); (N.N.)
- Institute for Successful Longevity, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-850-645-1517
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The effect of 12 weeks of euenergetic high-protein diet in regulating appetite and body composition of women with normal-weight obesity: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2020; 124:1044-1051. [PMID: 32513334 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520002019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Normal-weight obesity (NWO) syndrome is associated with metabolic diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of a high-protein (HP) v. a standard protein (SP) diet on appetite, anthropometry and body composition in NWO women. In this clinical trial, fifty NWO women were randomly allocated to HP (n 25) or SP (n 25) diet groups. Women in the HP and SP groups consumed 25 and 15 % of their total energy intake from protein for 12 weeks. Weight, fat mass (FM), lean body mass (LBM), waist circumference (WC) and appetite were evaluated at baseline and following their 3-month intervention. After 12 weeks, the LBM was higher in HP compared with no significant changes in the SP group (mean between-group difference = 1·5 kg; 95 % CI 3·1, 0·01; effect size (d) = 0·4). Furthermore, the HP group had lower FM (mean between-group difference -1·1 kg; 95 % CI 1, -3·3; d = -0·2), body fat percentage (BFP) (mean between-group difference -2 %; 95 % CI 0·7, -5·2; d = -0·3) and WC (mean between-group difference -1·4 cm; 95 % CI 0·6, -3·6; d = -0·2) at the end of the study in comparison with the SP group. In both groups, weight and appetite were unchanged over time without significant differences between groups. Twelve weeks of euenergetic diets with different dietary protein contents resulted in no significant weight loss in women with NWO. However, an HP diet significantly improved body composition (LBM, FM, BFP and WC) in this population.
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Wirth J, Hillesheim E, Brennan L. The Role of Protein Intake and its Timing on Body Composition and Muscle Function in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Nutr 2020; 150:1443-1460. [PMID: 32232404 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased protein intake has been suggested to improve gains in muscle mass and strength in adults. Furthermore, the timing of protein intake has been discussed as a margin of opportunity for improved prevention measures. OBJECTIVE This systematic review investigated the effect of protein supplementation on body composition and muscle function (strength and synthesis) in healthy adults, with an emphasis on the timing of protein intake. METHODS Randomized controlled trials were identified using PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Embase, up to March 2019. For meta-analyses, data on lean body mass (LBM), handgrip strength, and leg press strength were pooled by age group (mean age 18-55 or >55 y) and timing of protein intake. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations approach. RESULTS Data from 65 studies with 2907 participants (1514 men and 1380 women, 13 unknown sex) were included in the review. Twenty-six, 8, and 24 studies were used for meta-analysis on LBM, handgrip strength, and leg press strength, respectively. The protein supplementation was effective in improving (mean difference; 95% CI) LBM in adults (0.62 kg; 0.36, 0.88) and older adults (0.46 kg; 0.23, 0.70), but not handgrip strength (older adults: 0.26 kg; -0.51, 1.04) and leg press strength (adults: 5.80 kg; -0.33, 11.93; older adults: 1.97 kg; -2.78, 6.72). Sensitivity analyses removing studies without exercise training had no impact on the outcomes. Data regarding muscle synthesis were scarce and inconclusive. Subgroup analyses showed no beneficial effect of a specific timing of protein intake on LBM, handgrip strength, and leg press strength. CONCLUSION Overall, the results support the positive impact of protein supplementation on LBM of adults and older adults, independently of intake timing. Effects on muscle strength and synthesis are less clear and need further investigation. This systematic review was registered on PROSPERO as CRD42019126742.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Wirth
- Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elaine Hillesheim
- Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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11
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Effect of an individualised high-protein, energy-restricted diet on anthropometric and cardio-metabolic parameters in overweight and obese Malaysian adults: a 6-month randomised controlled study. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:1002-1017. [PMID: 30761964 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519000345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the Hipcref (high-protein, energy-restricted, high-vitamin E and high-fibre) diet in Malaysian adults on body composition and metabolic parameters after an intervention period of 6 months. Overweight/obese Malaysian adults (n 128; BMI≥23 kg/m2) were randomised to the Hipcref (n 65) or control diet (n 63). The intervention group received Hipcref diet charts based on their personal preferences. The control group followed a generalised dietary advice based on Malaysian Dietary Guidelines, 2010. All participants were responsible for preparing their own meals. There was a significant treatment group×time effect on anthropometric parameters (P<0·05) on an intention-to-treat basis. Pairwise comparisons revealed that Hipcref diet participants had significant reduction in weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass and percentage body fat at months 3 and 6 compared with baseline (P<0·001). The control group had significant increase in weight and BMI at months 3 and 6 compared with baseline (P<0·05). The Hipcref diet group had higher reduction in fasting insulin, insulin resistance and C-reactive protein levels compared with the control group at month 6 (P<0·05). Post-intervention, compared with the control group, the Hipcref diet group was found to consume significantly higher percentage energy from protein, and PUFA, higher energy-adjusted vitamin E (mg) and fibre (g), and lower total energy, lower percentage energy from fat and carbohydrate (P<0·05). The success of the Hipcref diet on overweight/obese Malaysian adults may be due to the combined effect of the nutrient composition of the Hipcref diet.
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12
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Jang BY, Bu SY. A Vegetable and Fish Dietary Pattern Is Positively Associated with Skeletal Muscle Mass in Korean Men. Clin Nutr Res 2019; 8:1-16. [PMID: 30746343 PMCID: PMC6355951 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2019.8.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolating the effects of a single nutrient or food in relation to health outcomes including increased skeletal muscle mass is a challenging task because dietary constituents are highly correlated and synergistic. Hence, diet pattern analysis may be used to investigate the role of certain diets in health outcomes. The present study investigated the dietary patterns and their relationship to skeletal muscle mass in Korean adults. Data were extracted from the 2008–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. To explore the dietary patterns of the study subjects, factor analysis was performed using data obtained from a 24-hour recall. The skeletal muscle index according to dietary pattern scores was then investigated to estimate the changes in skeletal muscle mass. Three patterns were initially identified from the factor analysis. Of these vegetables and fish (VF) pattern was the primary factor with high reliability and was a common factor in sex-separated analyses. The VF pattern scores were positively associated with increased skeletal muscle mass in both men and women. Further analysis according to quartile levels of VF pattern scores showed a positive association between skeletal muscle mass and VF pattern in men but not in women. These results suggest that dietary patterns focused on vegetables and seafoods may contribute to increased skeletal muscle mass in Korean men but that sex difference should be considered in nutrition care for skeletal muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Young Jang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Korea
| | - So Young Bu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Korea
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13
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Rahbar AR, Safavi E, Rooholamini M, Jaafari F, Darvishi S, Rahbar A. Effects of Intermittent Fasting during Ramadan on Insulin-like Growth Factor-1, Interleukin 2, and Lipid Profile in Healthy Muslims. Int J Prev Med 2019; 10:7. [PMID: 30774841 PMCID: PMC6360844 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_252_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) play an essential role in pathophysiology of several chronic diseases. As a stressor, fasting in Ramadan may increase inflammatory markers such as IGF-1 and IL-2 in Muslims. The aim of this before-after study was to investigate the effects of fasting in Ramadan on IGF-1 and IL-2 levels in individuals. Methods In all, 34 men age 16-64 years were selected out of the overall number of individuals who were ready for fasting entirely throughout Ramadan. A sample of blood was drawn from the contributors before and after Ramadan, and plasma IGF-1, IL-2, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were determined. To identify differences between the initial and final values of test results of the study for plasma IGF-1, IL-2, and lipid parameters, we used paired sample T-test. Results Paired sample T-test illustrated a significant decrease in IGF-1 and IL-2 levels after Ramadan fasting compared to before Ramadan. The concentration of TG, cholesterol, and LDL-C levels underwent significant decreases over the period of the study. HDL-C levels did not change significantly during the study. A significant decrease in weight, waist circumferences, calorie, carbohydrate, and fat intake were observed in participants during Ramadan fasting. Conclusions It is concluded that fasting in Ramadan independent of anthropometric measures attenuates inflammation and is beneficiary to health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali R Rahbar
- Department of Nutrition, Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, I.R. Iran
| | - Eisa Safavi
- Department of Laboratory Technology, Paramedical Faculty, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, I.R. Iran
| | - Maryam Rooholamini
- Department of Nutrition, Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, I.R. Iran
| | - Fateme Jaafari
- Department of Nutrition, Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, I.R. Iran
| | - Sadegh Darvishi
- Department of Nutrition, Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, I.R. Iran
| | - Amin Rahbar
- Department of Nutrition, Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, I.R. Iran
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