Kang KW, Kim J, Kim KT, Kim MK, Cho YW. Association Between Electronic Device Use at Bedtime and COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Adverse Events During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korean Adults: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study.
J Korean Med Sci 2023;
38:e413. [PMID:
38111283 PMCID:
PMC10727916 DOI:
10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e413]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to heightened mood disturbances linked to increased electronic device use at bedtime (EUB). General anxiety may contribute to an increased likelihood of experiencing nocebo responses, which have been reported to be associated with COVID-19 vaccine-related adverse events (CAEs). However, no related studies have been conducted to examine this association to date.
METHODS
We executed a nationwide cross-sectional study to explore these correlations during the pandemic. Using data from the 2022 National Sleep Survey of South Korea, we analyzed the sleep health of 4,000 adults aged 20-69 years between January and February 2022. Shift workers and those with severe sleep disorders were excluded. Participants with EUB more than four days a week were labeled as high frequency EUB, and those reporting CAEs after both vaccine doses were marked as having a presence of CAEs. The survey also included details about anthropometric data, socioeconomic status, and sleep status.
RESULTS
Of the 3,702 participants, 92.6% had received two or more vaccine doses, with 41.2% experiencing CAEs. Furthermore, 73.7% had a high EUB frequency. Factors associated with CAE reporting included younger age, female sex, and high EUB frequency, while heavy alcohol use was found to be less likely to be associated with CAE reporting. Notably, a high EUB frequency was significantly associated with reported CAEs (odds ratio, 1.223; 95% confidence interval, 1.028-1.455; P = 0.023).
CONCLUSION
A nationwide online survey conducted in South Korea during the pandemic found that individuals who engaged in the relatively frequent use of electronic devices during bedtime had worse sleep quality and increased COVID-19-related adverse events compared with those using these devices less frequently. These findings have the potential to enhance our understanding of the impact of the use of electronic devices at bedtime on health.
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