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Leiva-Rebollo R, Labella AM, Gémez-Mata J, Castro D, Borrego JJ. Fish Iridoviridae: infection, vaccination and immune response. Vet Res 2024; 55:88. [PMID: 39010235 PMCID: PMC11247874 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Each year, due to climate change, an increasing number of new pathogens are being discovered and studied, leading to an increase in the number of known diseases affecting various fish species in different regions of the world. Viruses from the family Iridoviridae, which consist of the genera Megalocytivirus, Lymphocystivirus, and Ranavirus, cause epizootic outbreaks in farmed and wild, marine, and freshwater fish species (including ornamental fish). Diseases caused by fish viruses of the family Iridoviridae have a significant economic impact, especially in the aquaculture sector. Consequently, vaccines have been developed in recent decades, and their administration methods have improved. To date, various types of vaccines are available to control and prevent Iridoviridae infections in fish populations. Notably, two vaccines, specifically targeting Red Sea bream iridoviral disease and iridoviruses (formalin-killed vaccine and AQUAVAC® IridoV, respectively), are commercially available. In addition to exploring these themes, this review examines the immune responses in fish following viral infections or vaccination procedures. In general, the evasion mechanisms observed in iridovirus infections are characterised by a systemic absence of inflammatory responses and a reduction in the expression of genes associated with the adaptive immune response. Finally, this review also explores prophylactic procedure trends in fish vaccination strategies, focusing on future advances in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Leiva-Rebollo
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Juan Gémez-Mata
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Dolores Castro
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan J Borrego
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
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Bhat RAH, Khangembam VC, Pant V, Tandel RS, Pandey PK, Thakuria D. Antibacterial activity of a short de novo designed peptide against fish bacterial pathogens. Amino Acids 2024; 56:28. [PMID: 38578302 PMCID: PMC10997546 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-024-03388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
In the face of increasing antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture, researchers are exploring novel substitutes to customary antibiotics. One potential solution is the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). We aimed to design and evaluate a novel, short, and compositionally simple AMP with potent activity against various bacterial pathogens in aquaculture. The resulting peptide, KK12YW, has an amphipathic nature and net charge of + 7. Molecular docking experiments disclosed that KK12YW has a strong affinity for aerolysin, a virulence protein produced by the bacterial pathogen Aeromonas sobria. KK12YW was synthesized using Fmoc chemistry and tested against a range of bacterial pathogens, including A. sobria, A. salmonicida, A. hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus. The AMP showed promising antibacterial activity, with MIC and MBC values ranging from 0.89 to 917.1 µgmL-1 and 3.67 to 1100.52 µgmL-1, respectively. In addition, KK12YW exhibited resistance to high temperatures and remained effective even in the presence of serum and salt, indicating its stability. The peptide also demonstrated minimal hemolysis toward fish RBCs, even at higher concentrations. Taken together, these findings indicate that KK12YW could be a highly promising and viable substitute for conventional antibiotics to combat microbial infections in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria C Khangembam
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, 263136, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vinita Pant
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, 263136, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ritesh Shantilal Tandel
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, 263136, Uttarakhand, India
- Navsari Gujarat Research Centre, ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Navsari, 396 450, Gujarat, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Pandey
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, 263136, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Dimpal Thakuria
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, 263136, Uttarakhand, India.
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Muñoz-Flores C, Roa FJ, Saavedra P, Fuentealba P, Starck MF, Ortega L, Montesino R, Valenzuela A, Astuya A, Parra N, González-Chavarría I, Sánchez O, Toledo JR, Acosta J. Immunomodulatory role of vasoactive intestinal peptide and ghrelin in Oncorhynchus mykiss. Heliyon 2023; 9:e23215. [PMID: 38149209 PMCID: PMC10750074 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptides are a group of peptides derived from precursor proteins synthesized in neuronal and nonneuronal cells. The classical functions of neuropeptides have been extensively studied in mammals, including neuromodulation in the central nervous system, molecular signaling in the peripheral nervous system, and immunomodulation associated mainly with anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast, in teleosts, studies of the immunomodulatory function of these neuropeptides are limited. In Oncorhynchus mykiss, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) mRNA sequences have not been cloned, and the role of VIP in modulating the immune system has not been studied. Furthermore, in relation to other neuropeptides with possible immunomodulatory function, such as ghrelin, there are also few studies. Therefore, in this work, we performed molecular cloning, identification, and phylogenetic analysis of three VIP precursor sequences (prepro-VIP1, VIP2 and VIP3) in rainbow trout. In addition, the immunomodulatory function of both neuropeptides was evaluated in an in vitro model using the VIP1 sequence identified in this work and a ghrelin sequence already studied in O. mykiss. The results suggest that the prepro-VIP2 sequence has the lowest percentage of identity with respect to the other homologous sequences and is more closely related to mammalian orthologous sequences. VIP1 induces significant expression of both pro-inflammatory (IFN-γ, IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10 and TGF-β) cytokines, whereas ghrelin only induces significant expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Muñoz-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Francisco J. Roa
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Paulina Saavedra
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Pablo Fuentealba
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - María F. Starck
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Leonardo Ortega
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Raquel Montesino
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Ariel Valenzuela
- Laboratorio de Piscicultura y Patología Acuática, Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Allisson Astuya
- Laboratorio de Genómica Marina y Cultivo Celular, Departamento de Oceanografía y COPAS Sur-Austral, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Natalie Parra
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Iván González-Chavarría
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Oliberto Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Biofármacos Recombinantes, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jorge R. Toledo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jannel Acosta
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
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Dias MKHM, Jayathilaka EHTT, Edirisinghe SL, Lim JW, Nikapitiya C, Kang SY, Whang I, De Zoysa M. In-vitro immunomodulatory responses and antiviral activities of antimicrobial peptide octominin against fish pathogenic viruses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109129. [PMID: 37777098 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered a novel approach to stimulate fish antiviral mechanisms for defense against a broad range of viral infections by enhancing immunomodulatory activities. Octominin is an AMP derived from the defense proteins of Octopus minor. In this study, preliminary screening of octominin against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) was carried out. Moreover, immune responses upon octominin treatment and IHNV challenge were investigated using fathead minnow (FHM) cells. The CC50s of octominin for FHM and Chinook salmon embryo-214 (CHSE-214) cells were 2146.2 and 1865.2 μg/mL, respectively. With octominin treatment, EC50 resulted in 732.8, 435.1, and 925.9 μg/mL for VHSV, IHNV, and IPNV, respectively. The selectivity indices were 2.9, 4.9, and 2.0, respectively. The transcriptional analysis results demonstrated the induced transcription factors (Irf3; 143-fold, Irf7; 105-fold, and NF-κB; 8-fold), stress response gene (HspB8; 2-fold), and apoptosis functional gene (p53; 3-fold) in octominin treated (500 μg/mL) FHM cells for 48 h. Moreover, IHNV viral copy number was slightly decreased with the octominin treatment (500 μg/mL) in FHM cells. Overall results suggest that octominin could be a potential antiviral agent, although further studies are necessary to understand its mode of action and the mechanism of its antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E H T Thulshan Jayathilaka
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Shan Lakmal Edirisinghe
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Woong Lim
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamilani Nikapitiya
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kang
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilson Whang
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), Seochun-gun, Chungchungnam-do, 33662, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Construction of Attenuated Strains for Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus (RGNNV) via Reverse Genetic System. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081737. [PMID: 36016359 PMCID: PMC9415089 DOI: 10.3390/v14081737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The nervous necrosis virus (NNV) mainly attacks the central nervous system of fish to cause viral nervous necrosis, which is an acute and serious prevalent disease in fish. Among different genotypes of NNV, red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) is the most widely reported, with the highest number of susceptible species. To better understand the pathogenicity of RGNNV, we first developed a reverse genetic system for recombinant RGNNV rescue using B7GG and striped snakehead (SSN-1) cells. Furthermore, we constructed attenuated RGNNV strains rRGNNV-B2-M1 and rRGNNV-B2-M2 with the loss of B2 protein expression, which grew slower and induced less Mx1 expression than that of wild-type RGNNV. Moreover, rRGNNV-B2-M1 and rRGNNV-B2-M2 were less virulent than the wild-type RGNNV. Our study provides a potential tool for further research on the viral protein function, virulence pathogenesis, and vaccine development of RGNNV, which is also a template for the rescue of other fish viruses.
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Mondal H, Thomas J. A review on the recent advances and application of vaccines against fish pathogens in aquaculture. AQUACULTURE INTERNATIONAL : JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN AQUACULTURE SOCIETY 2022; 30:1971-2000. [PMID: 35528247 PMCID: PMC9059915 DOI: 10.1007/s10499-022-00884-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Globally, aquaculture has faced serious economic problems due to bacterial, viral, and various other infectious diseases of different origins. Even though such diseases are being detected and simultaneously treated with several therapeutic and prophylactic methods, the broad-spectrum activity of vaccines plays a vital role as a preventive measure in aquaculture. However, treatments like use of antibiotics and probiotics seem to be less effective when new mutant strains develop and disease causing pathogens become resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Therefore, vaccines developed by using recent advanced molecular techniques can be considered as an effective way of treating disease causing pathogens in aquatic organisms. The present review emphasizes on the current advances in technology and future outlook with reference to different types of vaccines used in the aquaculture industries. Beginning with traditional killed/inactivated and live attenuated vaccines, this work culminates in the review of modern new generation ones including recombinant, synthetic peptides, mucosal and DNA, subunit, nanoparticle-based and plant-based edible vaccines, reverse vaccinology, and monovalent and polyvalent vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimanti Mondal
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu India
| | - John Thomas
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu India
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Immunomodulatory Lectin-like Peptides for Fish Erythrocytes-Targeting as Potential Antiviral Drug Delivery Platforms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111821. [PMID: 34769254 PMCID: PMC8584011 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the challenges of science in disease prevention is optimizing drug and vaccine delivery. Until now, many strategies have been employed in this sector, but most are quite complex and labile. To overcome these limitations, great efforts are directed to coupling drugs to carriers, either of natural or synthetic origin. Among the most studied cell carriers are antigen-presenting cells (APCs), however, red blood cells (RBCs) are positioned as attractive carriers in drug delivery due to their abundance and availability in the body. Furthermore, fish RBCs have a nucleus and have been shown to have a strong involvement in modulating the immune response. In this study, we evaluated the binding of three peptides to rainbow trout RBCs, two lectin-like peptides and another derived from Plasmodium falciparum membrane protein, in order to take advantage of this peptide-RBCs binding to generate tools to improve the specificity, efficacy, immunostimulatory effect, and safety of the antiviral therapeutic or prophylactic administration systems currently used.
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Bartsch IM, Perelmuter K, Bollati-Fogolín M, Bartsch J. A, Guzmán F, Marshall SH. An in vitro model mimicking the complement system to favor directed phagocytosis of unwanted cells. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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