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Vadillo-Rodríguez V, Fernández-Babiano I, Pérez-Giraldo C, Fernández-Calderón MC. Anti-Biofilm Perspectives of Propolis against Staphylococcus epidermidis Infections. Biomolecules 2024; 14:779. [PMID: 39062493 PMCID: PMC11274400 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermis has emerged as the main causative agent of medical device-related infections. Their major pathogenicity factor lies in its ability to adhere to surfaces and proliferate into biofilms, which increase their resistance to antibiotics. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the use and the mechanism of action of an ethanolic extract of Spanish propolis (EESP) as a potential alternative for preventing biofilm-related infections caused by S. epidermidis. The chemical composition of propolis is reported and its antibacterial activity against several strains of S. epidermidis with different biofilm-forming capacities evaluated. The influence of sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of EESP on their growth, physicochemical surface properties, adherence, and biofilm formation were studied. EESP interferes with planktonic cells, homogenizing their physicochemical surface properties and introducing a significant delay in their growth. The adherence and biofilms at the EESP concentrations investigated were decreased up to 90.5% among the strains. Microscopic analysis indicated that the planktonic cells that survived the treatment were the ones that adhere and proliferate on the surfaces. The results obtained suggest that the EESP has a high potential to be used as an inhibitor of both the adhesion and biofilm formation of S. epidermidis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Fernández-Babiano
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (I.F.-B.); (C.P.-G.)
- University Institute of Extremadura Sanity Research (INUBE), 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ciro Pérez-Giraldo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (I.F.-B.); (C.P.-G.)
- University Institute of Extremadura Sanity Research (INUBE), 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - María Coronada Fernández-Calderón
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (I.F.-B.); (C.P.-G.)
- University Institute of Extremadura Sanity Research (INUBE), 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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Jenny JC, Kuś PM, Szweda P. Investigation of antifungal and antibacterial potential of green extracts of propolis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13613. [PMID: 38871855 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Propolis extracts have been used in traditional medicines since ages due to its advantageous complex chemical composition. However, the antibacterial and antifungal activity of poplar propolis extracts prepared in Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES) are seldom studied. This study investigates suitable alternate for ethanol as a solvent for extraction for Polish poplar propolis. It also attempts to identify suitable extraction condition for the efficient transfer of compounds from propolis to the solvents. The extraction efficiency of NADES extracts was assessed in terms of total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity. The chemical composition of the extracts was analysed using UHPLC-DAD-QqTOF-MS. Four extracts, prepared in Propylene Glycol, Choline Chloride:Propylene Glycol (1:3), Choline Chloride:Propylene Glycol (1:4) and Choline Chloride:Glycerol (1:2), demonstrated activity and properties similar to ethanolic extract and extraction at 50 °C was found the most suitable for propolis. HPLC analysis confirmed that the chemical cocktail extracted by these solvents from propolis were identical with minor variations in their concentration as compared to its ethanolic extract. Thus, extracts of propolis at 50 °C in Propylene Glycol, Choline Chloride:Propylene Glycol (1:3) and Choline Chloride:Propylene Glycol (1:4) can be alternates for ethanolic extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeslin Cheruvathoor Jenny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Marek Kuś
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Ul. Borowska 211a, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Szweda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
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Božić DD, Ćirković I, Milovanović J, Bufan B, Folić M, Savić Vujović K, Pavlović B, Jotić A. In Vitro Antibiofilm Effect of N-Acetyl-L-cysteine/Dry Propolis Extract Combination on Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Upper Respiratory Tract Infections. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1604. [PMID: 38004469 PMCID: PMC10674846 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic upper respiratory tract infections. In addition to conventional antimicrobial therapy, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and propolis are dietary supplements that are often recommended as supportive therapy for upper respiratory tract infections. However, no data on the beneficial effect of their combination against bacterial biofilms can be found in the scientific literature. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the in vitro effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and dry propolis extract in fixed combinations (NAC/dry propolis extract fixed combination) on biofilm formation by bacterial species isolated from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, chronic otitis media, and chronic adenoiditis. The prospective study included 48 adults with chronic rhinosinusitis, 29 adults with chronic otitis media, and 33 children with chronic adenoiditis. Bacteria were isolated from tissue samples obtained intraoperatively and identified using the MALDI-TOF Vitek MS System. The antimicrobial activity, synergism, and antibiofilm effect of NAC/dry propolis extract fixed combination were studied in vitro. A total of 116 different strains were isolated from the tissue samples, with staphylococci being the most frequently isolated in all patients (57.8%). MICs of the NAC/dry propolis extract fixed combination ranged from 1.25/0.125 to 20/2 mg NAC/mg propolis. A synergistic effect (FICI ≤ 0.5) was observed in 51.7% of strains. The majority of isolates from patients with chronic otitis media were moderate biofilm producers and in chronic adenoiditis they were weak biofilm producers, while the same number of isolates in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis were weak and moderate biofilm producers. Subinhibitory concentrations of the NAC/propolis combination ranging from 0.625-0.156 mg/mL to 10-2.5 mg/mL of NAC combined with 0.062-0.016 mg/mL to 1-0.25 mg/mL of propolis inhibited biofilm formation in all bacterial strains. Suprainhibitory concentrations ranging from 2.5-10 mg/mL to 40-160 mg/mL of NAC in combination with 0.25-1 mg/mL to 4-16 mg/mL of propolis completely eradicated the biofilm. In conclusion, the fixed combination of NAC and dry propolis extract has a synergistic effect on all stages of biofilm formation and eradication of the formed biofilm in bacteria isolated from upper respiratory tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana D. Božić
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Ivana Ćirković
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Dr Subotića 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.M.); (M.F.); (K.S.V.); (B.P.); (A.J.)
| | - Jovica Milovanović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.M.); (M.F.); (K.S.V.); (B.P.); (A.J.)
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Bufan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Miljan Folić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.M.); (M.F.); (K.S.V.); (B.P.); (A.J.)
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Savić Vujović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.M.); (M.F.); (K.S.V.); (B.P.); (A.J.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dr Subotica 1, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Pavlović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.M.); (M.F.); (K.S.V.); (B.P.); (A.J.)
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Jotić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.M.); (M.F.); (K.S.V.); (B.P.); (A.J.)
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Ramachandra SS, Wright P, Han P, Abdal‐hay A, Lee RSB, Ivanovski S. Evaluating models and assessment techniques for understanding oral biofilm complexity. Microbiologyopen 2023; 12:e1377. [PMID: 37642488 PMCID: PMC10464519 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral biofilms are three-dimensional (3D) complex entities initiating dental diseases and have been evaluated extensively in the scientific literature using several biofilm models and assessment techniques. The list of biofilm models and assessment techniques may overwhelm a novice biofilm researcher. This narrative review aims to summarize the existing literature on biofilm models and assessment techniques, providing additional information on selecting an appropriate model and corresponding assessment techniques, which may be useful as a guide to the beginner biofilm investigator and as a refresher to experienced researchers. The review addresses previously established 2D models, outlining their advantages and limitations based on the growth environment, availability of nutrients, and the number of bacterial species, while also exploring novel 3D biofilm models. The growth of biofilms on clinically relevant 3D models, particularly melt electrowritten fibrous scaffolds, is discussed with a specific focus that has not been previously reported. Relevant studies on validated oral microcosm models that have recently gaining prominence are summarized. The review analyses the advantages and limitations of biofilm assessment methods, including colony forming unit culture, crystal violet, 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide inner salt assays, confocal microscopy, fluorescence in situ hybridization, scanning electron microscopy, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and next-generation sequencing. The use of more complex models with advanced assessment methodologies, subject to the availability of equipment/facilities, may help in developing clinically relevant biofilms and answering appropriate research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Sulugodu Ramachandra
- Centre for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Preventive Dental Sciences, College of DentistryGulf Medical UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Patricia Wright
- Centre for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Pingping Han
- Centre for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Abdalla Abdal‐hay
- Centre for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Department of Engineering Materials and Mechanical Design, Faculty of EngineeringSouth Valley UniversityQenaEgypt
- Faculty of Industry and Energy Technology, Mechatronics Technology ProgramNew Cairo Technological University, New Cairo‐Fifth SettlementCairoEgypt
| | - Ryan S. B. Lee
- Centre for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Saso Ivanovski
- Centre for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
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Du P, Chen X, Chen Y, Li J, Lu Y, Li X, Hu K, Chen J, Lv G. In vivo and in vitro studies of a propolis-enriched silk fibroin-gelatin composite nanofiber wound dressing. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13506. [PMID: 36895376 PMCID: PMC9988512 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, electrospun nanofibers (NFs) used in trauma dressings were prepared using silk fibroin (SF) and gelatin (GT) as materials and highly volatile formic acid as the solvent, with three different concentrations of propolis extracts (EP), which were loaded through a simple process. The resulting samples were characterized by surface morphology, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle meter, water absorption, degradation rate, and mechanical property tests. The incorporation of propolis improved its antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, compared to those of the silk gelatin nanofiber material (SF/GT) alone. In vitro biocompatibility assays showed that SF/GT-1%EP had good cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility. In addition, it can also significantly promote the migration of L929 cells. SF/GT-1%EP was applied to a mouse model of full thickness skin defects, and it was found to significantly promote wound healing. These results indicate that the SF/GT-EP nanofiber material has good biocompatibility, migrating-promoting capability, antibacterial properties, and healing-promoting ability, providing a new idea for the treatment of full thickness skin defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Du
- Jiangnan University Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Jiangnan University Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Jin Li
- Jiangnan University Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yichi Lu
- Jiangnan University Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Junfeng Chen
- Jiangnan University Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Guozhong Lv
- The Affifiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, 214000, China
- Corresponding author.
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Abdelsattar AS, Makky S, Nofal R, Hebishy M, Agwa MM, Aly RG, Abo El-Naga MY, Heikal YA, Fayez MS, Rezk N, El-Shibiny A. Enhancement of wound healing via topical application of natural products: In vitro and in vivo evaluations. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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7
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Bouchelaghem S. Propolis characterization and antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans: A review. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1936-1946. [PMID: 35531223 PMCID: PMC9072893 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a plant-based sticky substance that is produced by honeybees. It has been used traditionally by ancient civilizations as a folk medicine, and is known to have many pharmaceutical properties including antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumour effects. Worldwide, researchers are still studying the complex composition of propolis to unveil its biological potential, and especially its antimicrobial activity against a variety of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. This review explores scientific reports published during the last decade on the characterization of different types of propolis, and evaluates their antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Propolis can be divided into different types depending on their chemical composition and physical properties associated with geographic origin and plant sources. Flavonoids, phenols, diterpenes, and aliphatic compounds are the main chemicals that characterize the different types of propolis (Poplar, Brazilian, and Mediterranean), and are responsible for their antimicrobial activity. The extracts of most types of propolis showed greater antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria: particularly on S. aureus, as well as on C. albicans, as compared to Gram-negative pathogens. Propolis acts either by directly interacting with the microbial cells or by stimulating the immune system of the host cells. Some studies have suggested that structural damage to the microorganisms is a possible mechanism by which propolis exhibits its antimicrobial activity. However, the mechanism of action of propolis is still unclear, due to the synergistic interaction of the ingredients of propolis, and this natural substance has multi-target activity in the cell. The broad-spectrum biological potentials of propolis present it as an ideal candidate for the development of new, potent, and cost-effective antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Bouchelaghem
- Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság str. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
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Stavropoulou E, Voidarou C(C, Rozos G, Vaou N, Bardanis M, Konstantinidis T, Vrioni G, Tsakris A. Antimicrobial Evaluation of Various Honey Types against Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Clinical Isolates. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030422. [PMID: 35326885 PMCID: PMC8944737 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of antibiotic resistance is a major public health issue, as infections are increasingly unresponsive to antibiotics. Emerging antimicrobial resistance has raised researchers’ interest in the development of alternative strategies using natural compounds with antibacterial activity, like honey, which has emerged as an agent to treat several infections and wound injuries. Nevertheless, the antibacterial effect of honey was mostly evaluated against Gram-positive bacteria. Hence, the objective of our study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity, as well as the physicochemical parameters, of genuine Greek honeys against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. In this vein, we aimed to study the in vitro antibacterial potential of rare Greek honeys against Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM)- or Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, hydrogen peroxide, free acidity, lactonic acid, total phenols total flavonoids, free radical scavenging activities, tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory activity and kojic acid were examined. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of 10 different honey types was evaluated in five consecutive dilutions (75%, 50%, 25%, 12.5% and 6.25%) against the clinical isolates by the well diffusion method, as well as by the determination of the minimum inhibition concentration after the addition of catalase and protease. Almost all the physicochemical parameters varied significantly among the different honeys. Fir and manuka honey showed the highest values in pH and H2O2, while the free acidity and lactonic acid levels were higher in chestnut honey. Total phenols, total flavonoids and free radical scavenging activities were found higher in cotton, arbutus and manuka honey, and finally, manuka and oregano honeys showed higher tyrosinase inhibition activity and kojic acid levels. The antimicrobial susceptibility depended on the type of honey, on its dilution, on the treatment methodology and on the microorganism. Arbutus honey was the most potent against VIM-producing Enterobacter cloacae subsp. dissolvens in 75% concentration, while fir honey was more lethal for the same microorganism in the 25% concentration. Many honeys outperformed manuka honey in their antibacterial potency. It is of interest that, for any given concentration in the well diffusion method and for any given type of honey, significant differences were not detected among the four multidrug-resistant pathogens, which explains that the damaging effect to the bacterial cells was the same regardless of the bacterial species or strain. Although the antimicrobial potency of different honey varieties dependents on their geographical origin and on their compositional differences, the exact underlying mechanism remains yet unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisavet Stavropoulou
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (A.T.)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), 1101 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence: or
| | - Chrysoula (Chrysa) Voidarou
- Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (C.V.); (G.R.)
| | - Georgios Rozos
- Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (C.V.); (G.R.)
| | - Natalia Vaou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (N.V.); (M.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Michael Bardanis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (N.V.); (M.B.); (T.K.)
- Gourmeli., 73100 Chania, Crete, Greece
| | - Theodoros Konstantinidis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (N.V.); (M.B.); (T.K.)
| | - Georgia Vrioni
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (A.T.)
| | - Athanasios Tsakris
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (G.V.); (A.T.)
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Du J, Liu R, Zhu E, Guo H, Li Z, Liu C, Che G. Visible-light-induced bactericidal properties of a novel thiophene-based linear conjugated polymer/TiO 2 heterojunction. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:737-747. [PMID: 35022631 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02333k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The low utilization of visible light and the fast recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs are the two intrinsic defects that have hindered the antibacterial applications of TiO2. The addition of organic photocatalytic agents to form heterojunctions with TiO2 powder can effectively address these problems. A novel linear conjugated polymer poly[(thiophene-ethylene-thiophene)-thiophene-3-carboxylic acid decyl ester] (PTCD) was successfully synthesized via Stille coupling polymerization. PTCD and TiO2 can form a heterojunction photocatalyst (PTCD/TiO2), and this product was characterized using NMR and XRD. The UV-vis spectra showed that the absorption edge of the PTCD/TiO2 heterojunction extends to approximately 700 nm, which indicates that the visible-light utilization is greatly improved. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was selected as the target organism to test the photocatalytic antimicrobial activity of the material. Photogenerated electrons can undergo directional transmission of the PTCD polymer to TiO2 on the PTCD/TiO2 heterojunction to realize excellent antibacterial properties. With an optimized PTCD loading ratio of 30%, PTCD/TiO2 showed an antibacterial rate that was 14.5 times greater than that of pure TiO2 in 4 h under visible-light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials, Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, P. R. China. .,College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P. R. China
| | - Renming Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P. R. China
| | - Enwei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials, Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, P. R. China. .,College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P. R. China
| | - Haiyong Guo
- Department of Biological Science, School of Life Science, Jilin Normal University, Jilin, Siping 136000, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyi Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P. R. China
| | - Chunbo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials, Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, P. R. China. .,College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P. R. China
| | - Guangbo Che
- Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng 137000, China
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Bouchelaghem S, Das S, Naorem RS, Czuni L, Papp G, Kocsis M. Evaluation of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents, Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of Hungarian Propolis Ethanolic Extract against Staphylococcus aureus. Molecules 2022; 27:574. [PMID: 35056886 PMCID: PMC8782033 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a natural bee product that is widely used in folk medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) on methicillin-resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and MSSA). Propolis samples were collected from six regions in Hungary. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values and the interaction of EEP-antibiotics were evaluated by the broth microdilution and the chequerboard broth microdilution methods, respectively. The effect of EEP on biofilm formation and eradication was estimated by crystal violet assay. Resazurin/propidium iodide dyes were applied for simultaneous quantification of cellular metabolic activities and dead cells in mature biofilms. The EEP1 sample showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents. The EEP1 successfully prevented the growth of planktonic cells of S. aureus (MIC value = 50 µg/mL). Synergistic interactions were shown after the co-exposition to EEP1 and vancomycin at 108 CFU/mL. The EEP1 effectively inhibited the biofilm formation and caused significant degradation of mature biofilms (50-200 µg/mL), as a consequence of the considerable decrement of metabolic activity. The EEP acts effectively as an antimicrobial and antibiofilm agent on S. aureus. Moreover, the simultaneous application of EEP and vancomycin could enhance their effect against MRSA infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Bouchelaghem
- Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (S.B.); (R.S.N.); (L.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Sourav Das
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 13, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Romen Singh Naorem
- Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (S.B.); (R.S.N.); (L.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Lilla Czuni
- Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (S.B.); (R.S.N.); (L.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Gábor Papp
- Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (S.B.); (R.S.N.); (L.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Marianna Kocsis
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság str. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
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11
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Zhan Q, Xu Y, Zhan L, Wang B, Guo Y, Wu X, Ai W, Song Z, Yu F. Chromone Derivatives CM3a Potently Eradicate Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms by Inhibiting Cell Adherence. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:979-986. [PMID: 33737820 PMCID: PMC7961208 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s301483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to form biofilms is associated with high mortality and treatment costs. Established biofilms cannot be eradicated by many conventional antibiotics due to the development of antibiotic tolerance by S. aureus. Here we report the synthesis and biological characterization of novel small-molecule compounds with antibiofilm activity. Chromone 5-maleimide substitution compounds (CM3a) showed favorable antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Methods CM3A with antibacterial activity was synthesized and screened. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CM3a were determined by the broth microdilution method. Biofilm eradication assay and colony count methods were used to investigate the effect of CM3a on S. aureus biofilm disruption and killing. Changes in biofilm architecture when subjected to CM3a, were visualized using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). CCK-8 assay and survival rate of Galleria mellonella larvae were used to test the toxicity of CM3a. Results The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CM3a against S. aureus was about 26.4 μM. Biofilm staining and laser scanning confocal microscopy analysis showed that CM3a eradicated S. aureus biofilms by reducing the viability of the constituent bacterial cells. On the other hand, CM3a showed negligible toxicity against mouse alveolar epithelial cells and Galleria mellonella larvae. Conclusion Chromone derivatives CM3a has therapeutic potential as a safe and effective compound for the treatment of S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlei Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Zhan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinjuan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaocui Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiu Ai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengqiang Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyou Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, People's Republic of China
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Grecka K, Szweda P. Synergistic Effects of Propolis Combined with 2-Phenoxyethanol and Antipyretics on the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020215. [PMID: 33557393 PMCID: PMC7916011 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present investigation aimed to assess the combinational effect of commonly used antipyretics and antiseptics with ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEPs) on the growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus. The broth microdilution checkerboard assay revealed synergistic interactions between all investigated antipyretics, namely acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen, with EEPs samples. The values of the fractional inhibitory concentration (ΣFIC) index for all these combinations were <0.5. While, in the case of considered antiseptics, namely chlorhexidine, octenidine dihydrochloride, and 2-phenoxyethanol, the positive interaction was confirmed only for the last one (values of ΣFIC in the range 0.0625-0.25). Combinations of two other agents with all four samples of EEPs resulted in an important antagonistic effect (values of ΣFIC ≥ 4.5). Propolis is mostly dedicated to the treatment of skin/wound infections; thus, these findings are of particular practical importance. The outcomes of the study also support the hypothesis that the propolis's antimicrobial effect is due to the combined (synergistic) action of several ingredients rather than the presence of one component of high antibacterial activity. The composition of 13 ingredients of EEPs (at a concentration below the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of the most active agent) exhibited considerably high anti-staphylococcal efficiency with MIC = 128 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Szweda
- Correspondence: (K.G.); (P.S.); Tel.: +48-58-347-11-44 (P.S.)
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