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Pestana AM, Calixto GMF, Bezerra AAC, de Morais Ribeiro LN, da Costa AC, Moraes ÂM, Franz-Montan M. Analysis of Key Factors for Evaluating Mucosal Adhesion Using Swine Buccal Tissue. J Pharm Sci 2024:S0022-3549(24)00145-X. [PMID: 38657756 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The assessment of the mucoadhesive properties peak mucoadhesive force (Fmax) and work of mucoadhesion (Wmuc) with texture analyzers is a common in vitro method for analyzing formulation capabilities. Challenges arise in selecting and standardizing experimental conditions due to various variables influencing mucoadhesion. This complexity hampers direct product performance comparisons. In our study, we explored factors (contact force and time, probe speed and mucin in artificial saliva) impacting a model formulation's mucoadhesive capacity. Using Omcilon-A®Orabase on porcine buccal mucosa, we systematically varied experimental conditions, employing a statistical approach (Central Composite Design - CCD). Three variables (contact force, contact time, probe speed) and their interactions were assessed for their impact on Fmax and Wmuc. Results showed that contact time and force positively affected Fmax, while only contact time influenced Wmuc. In the mucin artificial saliva test, a force of 0.5 N, time of 600 s, and speed of 1 mm/s yielded optimal Fmax (0.587 N) and Wmuc (0.468 N.s). These conditions serve as a reference for comparing mucoadhesive properties of formulations for topical oral use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylla Mesquita Pestana
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | | | - Arthur Antunes Costa Bezerra
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Lígia Nunes de Morais Ribeiro
- Bionanotechnology Laboratory Professor Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Aline Carvalho da Costa
- Department of Process and Product Development, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Ângela Maria Moraes
- Department of Engineering of Materials and Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Michelle Franz-Montan
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil.
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2
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Shafi H, Reddy DVS, Rashid R, Roy T, Kawoosa S, Bader GN, Jvus C, Abdal-Hay A, Beigh MA, Majeed S, Khan NA, Sheikh FA. Optimizing the fabrication of electrospun nanofibers of prochlorperazine for enhanced dissolution and permeation properties. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 158:213773. [PMID: 38277903 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Despite being an approved antiemetic for more than five decades, the clinical usefulness of prochlorperazine is limited by its low solubility and inconsistent absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, which presents challenges for nanotherapeutic interventions. Here, we report the preparation of a highly soluble and permeable nanofiber formulation of prochlorperazine using the Quality-by-Design approach. The final nanofiber formulation with drug entrapment of 88.02 ± 1.14 % was obtained at 20.0 kV, with a flow rate of 0.5 ml/h and tip-to-collector distance of 19.9 cm. Physio-mechanical properties, such as thickness (0.42 ± 0.02 mm), pH resistance (7.04 ± 0.08), folding endurance (54 ± 5), and tensile strength (0.244 ± 0.02 N.mm-2), were appropriate for packaging and application to oromucosal surfaces. The content uniformity (93.48-106.63 %) and weight variation (<1.8 mg) of the optimal nanofiber formulation were within the permissible limits prescribed for orodispersible films. Microscopical investigations confirm a randomly deposited and dense network of woven nanofibers with an average diameter of 363 ± 5.66 nm. The drug particles were embedded homogeneously on the fiber in the nanoform (4.27 ± 1.34 nm). The spectral analysis using TEM-EDS shows diffraction peaks of sulfur and chlorine, the elemental constituents of prochlorperazine. The drug was amorphized in the nanofiber formulation, as led by the decline of the crystallinity index from 87.25 % to 7.93 % due to electrostatic destabilization and flash evaporation of the solvent. The enthalpy of fusion values of the drug in the nanofiber mat decreased significantly to 23.6 J/g compared to its pristine form, which exhibits a value of 260.7 J/g. The nanofibers were biocompatible with oral mucosal cells, and there were no signs of mucosal irritation compared to 1 % sodium lauryl sulfate. The fiber mats rapidly disintegrated within <1 s and released ≈91.49 ± 2.1 % of the drug within 2 min, almost 2-fold compared to the commercial Stemetil MD® tablets. Similarly, the cumulative amount of the drug permeated across the unit area of the oromucosal membrane was remarkably high (31.28 ± 1.30 μg) compared to 10.17 ± 1.11 μg and 13.10 ± 1.79 μg from the cast film and drug suspension. Our results revealed these nanofiber formulations have the potential to be fast-dissolving oromucosal delivery systems, which can result in enhanced bioavailability with an early onset of action due to rapid disintegration, dissolution, and permeation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasham Shafi
- Nanostructured and Biomimetic Lab, Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India
| | - D V Siva Reddy
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India
| | - Rumaisa Rashid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India
| | - Trisha Roy
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India
| | - Shabnam Kawoosa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - G N Bader
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Chakradhar Jvus
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India
| | - Abdalla Abdal-Hay
- Faculty of Industry and Energy Technology, Mechatronics Technology Program, New Cairo Technological University, New Cairo - Fifth Settlement, Cairo 11835, Egypt; Department of Engineering Materials and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Oral Health Centre Herston, 288 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; Cellular Signalling and Nanotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Nanotechnology, University of KashmirHazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mushtaq A Beigh
- Cellular Signalling and Nanotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Nanotechnology, University of KashmirHazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shafquat Majeed
- Laboratory for Multifunctional Nanomaterials, Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Nisar Ahmad Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Faheem A Sheikh
- Nanostructured and Biomimetic Lab, Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Chan AKC, Ranjitham Gopalakrishnan N, Traore YL, Ho EA. Formulating biopharmaceuticals using three-dimensional printing. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES : A PUBLICATION OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY FOR PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, SOCIETE CANADIENNE DES SCIENCES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2024; 27:12797. [PMID: 38558867 PMCID: PMC10979422 DOI: 10.3389/jpps.2024.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing, commonly referred to as three-dimensional (3D) printing, has the potential to initiate a paradigm shift in the field of medicine and drug delivery. Ever since the advent of the first-ever United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA)-approved 3D printed tablet, there has been an increased interest in the application of this technology in drug delivery and biomedical applications. 3D printing brings us one step closer to personalized medicine, hence rendering the "one size fits all" concept in drug dosing obsolete. In this review article, we focus on the recent developments in the field of modified drug delivery systems in which various types of additive manufacturing technologies are applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair K. C. Chan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, ON, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Nehil Ranjitham Gopalakrishnan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, ON, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Yannick Leandre Traore
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, ON, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Emmanuel A. Ho
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, ON, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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El-Salamouni NS, Yakout MA, Labib GS, Farid RM. Preparation and evaluation of vaginal suppo-sponges loaded with benzydamine, in-vitro/in-vivo study. Pharm Dev Technol 2024; 29:86-97. [PMID: 38243554 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2024.2306803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to design a new Benzydamine HCl (BNZ) suppo-sponge for controlled, mucoadhesive dosage form for vaginal candidiasis treatment, offering advantages over traditional creams, ointments, or gels. BNZ-loaded suppo-sponges were fabricated by simple casting / freeze-drying technique utilizing the cross-linking of chitosan (Cs) with vanillin (V). Vaginal suppo-sponges were prepared based on different vanillin cross-linking ratios (V).n), from 0 to 2%w/w. To best of our knowledge, this is the first study that uses Schiff's base between chitosan and vanillin as a drug delivery system to treat fungal vaginal infections. Schiff's base formation was confirmed by FT-IR. In-vitro appraisal showed acceptable physical and mechanical characteristics. Formulations based on cross-linking of Cs with V showed a more pronounced in-vitro antifungal activity. In-vitro drug release revealed a prolonged release pattern, becoming more noticeable with the higher cross-linked suppo-sponges (22.34% after 8 h). In-vivo testing of CsV2 suppo-sponge indicated a more pronounced reduction in fungal count than both CsV0 and Tantum® Rosa in the first week, with a peak reduction on day 7 and the 10th and 11th days of the second week. Conclusively, Chitosan/vanillin suppo-sponges represent a promising delivery system for drugs intended for local treatment of vaginal candidiasis. than both CsV0 and Tantum® Rosa in the first week, with a peak reduction on day 7 and the 10th and 11th days of the second week. Conclusively, Chitosan/vanillin suppo-sponges represent a promising delivery system for drugs intended for local treatment of vaginal candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha S El-Salamouni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Yakout
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Gihan S Labib
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ragwa M Farid
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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Jana BK, Singh M, Dutta RS, Mazumder B. Current Drug Delivery Strategies for Buccal Cavity Ailments using Mouth Dissolving Wafer Technology: A Comprehensive Review on the Present State of the Art. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:339-359. [PMID: 36443976 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666221128152010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mouth-dissolving wafer is polymer-based matrice that incorporates various pharmaceutical agents for oral drug delivery. This polymeric wafer is ingenious in the way that it needs not be administered with water, like in conventional tablet dosage form. It has better compliance among the pediatric and geriatric groups owing to its ease of administration. OBJECTIVE The polymeric wafer dissolves quickly in the oral cavity and is highly effective for a targeted local effect in buccal-specific ailments. It is a safe, effective, and versatile drug delivery carrier for a range of drugs used to treat a plethora of oral cavity-specific ailments that inflict common people, like thrush, canker sores, periodontal disease, benign oral cavity tumors, buccal neoplasm, and malignancies. This review paper focuses thoroughly on the present state of the art in mouth-dissolving wafer technology for buccal drug delivery and targeting. Moreover, we have also addressed present-time limitations associated with wafer technology to aid researchers in future developments in the arena of buccal drug delivery. CONCLUSION This dynamic novel formulation has tremendous future implications for designing drug delivery systems to target pernicious ailments and diseases specific to the buccal mucosa. In a nutshell, this review paper aims to summarize the present state of the art in buccal targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bani Kumar Jana
- Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh-786004, Assam, India
| | - Mohini Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh-786004, Assam, India
| | - Rajat Subhra Dutta
- Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh-786004, Assam, India
| | - Bhaskar Mazumder
- Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh-786004, Assam, India
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Samiraninezhad N, Asadi K, Rezazadeh H, Gholami A. Using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, alginate, and gelatin-based smart biological hydrogels for drug delivery in oral mucosal lesions: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126573. [PMID: 37648126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Oral mucosal diseases can lead to pain, difficulty speaking and eating, psychological distress, and cancer. Topical drug delivery using biological macromolecules, specifically hydrogels, is gaining interest due to the drawbacks of conventional treatments for oral mucosal lesions. SCOPE Biological hydrogels made from natural polymers and their derivatives, such as chitosan, hyaluronic acid, alginate, and gelatin, represent promising alternatives to conventional oral medication delivery methods. Topical drug delivery is beneficial for oral mucosal lesions as it can directly target the affected area, especially with the development of smart stimuli-responsive hydrogels, which allow for more controlled drug release. Biological hydrogels have already been used to deliver drugs like lidocaine and nystatin. This review summarizes the current research on applying smart natural polymer-based hydrogels for drug delivery in oral mucosal lesions. CONCLUSION Smart biological hydrogels show great promise as topical drug delivery systems for oral mucosal lesions, offering sustained drug release, increased therapeutic efficacy, and minimized systemic complications. Technological advancement is expected to lead to the development of more effective and safer drug delivery systems. The potential benefits of biological polymer-based hydrogels make them an exciting area of research for oral mucosal lesion treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazafarin Samiraninezhad
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Khatereh Asadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Science and Technology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hojat Rezazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Science and Technology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Pamlényi K, Regdon G, Jójárt-Laczkovich O, Nemes D, Bácskay I, Kristó K. Formulation and characterization of pramipexole containing buccal films for using in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023:106491. [PMID: 37301240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is neurodegenerative chronic illness which affects primarily the elderly over 45 years of age. The symptoms can be various, both non-motor and motor symptoms can appear. The biggest problem in the treatment of the disease is the difficulty in swallowing for the patients. However, buccal patches can solve this problem because the patients do not have to swallow the dosage form, and during application, the API can absorb from the area of the buccal mucosa quickly without causing a foreign body sensation. In our present study, we focused on the development of buccal polymer films with pramipexole dihydrochloride (PR). Films with different compositions were formulated and their mechanical properties and chemical interactions were investigated. The biocompatibility of the film compositions was examined on the TR146 buccal cell line. The permeation of PR was also monitored across the TR146 human cell line. It can be stated that the plasticizer can enhance the thickness and the breaking hardness of the films, while not decreasing their mucoadhesivity significantly. All formulations proved to have cell viability higher than 87%. Finally, we found the best composition (3% SA+1% GLY-PR-Sample1) which can be applied on the buccal mucosa in the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztián Pamlényi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Géza Regdon
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Orsolya Jójárt-Laczkovich
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dániel Nemes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Bácskay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Kristó
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Ibrahim SS, Ragy NI, Nagy NA, El-kammar H, Elbakry AM, Ezzatt OM. Evaluation of muco-adhesive tacrolimus patch on caspase-3 induced apoptosis in oral lichen planus: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:99. [PMID: 36788511 PMCID: PMC9930326 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02803-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study compared the clinical effectiveness of topical Tacrolimus (TAC) in patches or gel with Triamcinolone acetonide (TRI) gel for erosive/atrophic oral lichen planus (OLP) and investigated the influence of these therapies on Caspase-3 expression as a marker of apoptosis. METHODS Thirty patients were randomly assigned into three equal groups to receive either topical TAC 0.1% patch twice daily, topical TAC 0.1% gel, or topical TRI 0.1% gel four times daily for 8 weeks. Each patient's clinical score (CS), visual analogue scale (VAS), and total atrophic area (TAA) of the marker lesion were measured at baseline, 2, 4, and 8 weeks of treatment, as well as after 4 weeks of treatment free period. Caspase-3 expression and lymphocytic counts (LC) were assessed in pre- and post-treatment biopsied stained sections. RESULTS TAC patch resulted in a higher reduction in CS [- 14.00 (15.54%)] and VAS [- 70.21 (15.82%)] followed by TAC gel then TRI gel within the first two weeks. The reduction in VAS and TAA were significantly higher in TAC groups compared to TRI gel, although the difference between TAC treatment was not significant and this was observed throughout the treatment and follow-up periods. Caspase-3 expression increased in connective tissue in all groups. It decreased significantly within the epithelium in both TAC groups but increased in TRI gel. (LC) were significantly lowered with the TAC patch compared to other groups. The percentage change in Caspase-3 epithelial expression was significantly correlated to the CS, TAA, and LC. CONCLUSION Both TAC patch and gel significantly decreased pain and lesion size than TRI gel, with a significant reduction in Caspase-3 expression within the epithelium in comparison to the increase seen with TRI gel. The study protocol was registered at www. CLINICALTRIALS gov (NCT05139667) on 01/12/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan S. Ibrahim
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt ,grid.442628.e0000 0004 0547 6200Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Nahda University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Nivine I. Ragy
- grid.440865.b0000 0004 0377 3762Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, St. South 90Th, New Cairo 1, Cairo, 11835 Egypt
| | - Noha A. Nagy
- grid.440865.b0000 0004 0377 3762Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, St. South 90Th, New Cairo 1, Cairo, 11835 Egypt
| | - Hala El-kammar
- grid.440865.b0000 0004 0377 3762Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M. Elbakry
- grid.411303.40000 0001 2155 6022Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt ,grid.449009.00000 0004 0459 9305Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola M. Ezzatt
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt ,grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, 20 Organization of African Union St., Cairo, 1156 Egypt
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Rout SR, Kar B, Pradhan D, Biswasroy P, Haldar J, Rajwar TK, Sarangi MK, Rai VK, Ghosh G, Rath G. Chitosan as a potential biomaterial for the management of oral mucositis, a common complication of cancer treatment. Pharm Dev Technol 2023; 28:78-94. [PMID: 36564887 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2162544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oral mucositis is a serious issue in patients receiving oncological therapies. Mucosal protectants considered to be one of the preferred choices used in the management of mucositis. However, the protective efficacy of currently available mucosal protectants has been significantly compromised due to poor retention, lack of lubrication, poor biodegradability, and inability to manage secondary complications. Chitosan is a promising material for mucosal applications due to its beneficial biomedical properties. Chitosan is also anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and capable of scavenging free radicals, makes it a good candidate for the treatment of oral mucositis. Additionally, chitosan's amino polysaccharide skeleton permits a number of chemical alterations with better bioactive performance. This article provides a summary of key biological properties of chitosan and its derivatives that are useful for treating oral mucositis. Current literature evidence shows that Chitosan has superior mucosal protective properties when utilised alone or as delivery systems for co-encapsulated drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu Ranjan Rout
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Biswakanth Kar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Deepak Pradhan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Prativa Biswasroy
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Jitu Haldar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Tushar Kanti Rajwar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Sarangi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Lucknow, India
| | - Vineet Kumar Rai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Goutam Rath
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
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Buccal films: A review of therapeutic opportunities, formulations & relevant evaluation approaches. J Control Release 2022; 352:1071-1092. [PMID: 36351519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The potential of the mucoadhesive film technology is hard to ignore, owing to perceived superior patient acceptability versus buccal tablets, and significant therapeutic opportunities compared to conventional oral drug delivery systems, especially for those who suffer from dysphagia. In spite of this, current translation from published literature into the commercial marketplace is virtually non-existent, with no authorised mucoadhesive buccal films available in the UK and very few available in the USA. This review seeks to provide an overview of the mucoadhesive buccal film technology and identify key areas upon which to focus scientific efforts to facilitate the wider adoption of this patient-centric dosage form. Several indications and opportunities for development were identified, while discussing the patient-related factors influencing the use of these dosage forms. In addition, an overview of the technologies behind the manufacturing of these films was provided, highlighting manufacturing methods like solvent casting, hot melt extrusion, inkjet printing and three-dimensional printing. Over thirty mucoadhesive polymers were identified as being used in film formulations, with details surrounding their mucoadhesive capabilities as well as their inclusion alongside other key formulation constituents provided. Lastly, the importance of physiologically relevant in vitro evaluation methodologies was emphasised, which seek to improve in vivo correlations, potentially leading to better translation of mucoadhesive buccal films from the literature into the commercial marketplace.
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Mehravaran M, Haeri A, Rabbani S, Mortazavi SA, Torshabi M. Preparation and characterization of benzydamine hydrochloride-loaded lyophilized mucoadhesive wafers for the treatment of oral mucositis. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Koopaie M, Nassar DHMA, Shokrolahi M. Three-dimensional bioprinting of mucoadhesive scaffolds for the treatment of oral mucosal lesions; an in vitro study. 3D Print Med 2022; 8:30. [PMID: 36169760 PMCID: PMC9516826 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-022-00157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic oral lesions could be a part of some diseases, including mucocutaneous diseases, immunobullous diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, and graft versus host diseases. Systemic steroids are an effective treatment, but they cause unfavorable and even severe systemic side effects. Discontinuation of systemic corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive drugs leads to relapse, confirming the importance of long-term corticosteroid use. The present study aims to fabricate a mucoadhesive scaffold using three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting for sustained drug delivery in oral mucosal lesions to address the clinical need for alternative treatment, especially for those who do not respond to routine therapy. Methods 3D bioprinting method was used for the fabrication of the scaffolds. Scaffolds were fabricated in three layers; adhesive/drug-containing, backing, and middle layers. For evaluation of the release profile of the drug, artificial saliva was used as the release medium. Mucoadhesive scaffolds were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and SEM surface reconstruction. The pH of mucoadhesive scaffolds and swelling efficacy were measured using a pH meter and Enslin dipositive, respectively. A microprocessor force gauge was used for the measurement of tensile strength. For the evaluation of the cytotoxicity, oral keratinocyte cells' survival rate was evaluated by the MTT method. Folding endurance tests were performed using a stable microsystem texture analyzer and analytic probe mini tensile grips. Results All scaffolds had the same drug release trend; An initial rapid explosive release during the first 12 h, followed by a gradual release. The scaffolds showed sustained drug release and continued until the fourth day. The pH of the surface of the scaffolds was 5.3–6.3, and the rate of swelling after 5 h was 28 ± 3.2%. The tensile strength of the scaffolds containing the drug was 7.8 ± 0.12 MPa. The scaffolds were non-irritant to the mucosa, and the folding endurance of the scaffolds was over three hundred times. Conclusion The scaffold fabricated using the 3D bioprinting method could be suitable for treating oral mucosal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Koopaie
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Duha Hayder Mohammad Ali Nassar
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North Kargar St, P.O.BOX:14395 -433, Tehran, 14399-55991, Iran.
| | - Mahvash Shokrolahi
- New Technologies Research Center, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
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13
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Siddique W, Zaman M, Sarfraz RM, Butt MH, Rehman AU, Fassih N, Albadrani GM, Bayram R, Alfaifi MY, Abdel-Daim MM. The Development of Eletriptan Hydrobromide Immediate Release Buccal Films Using Central Composite Rotatable Design: An In Vivo and In Vitro Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14193981. [PMID: 36235932 PMCID: PMC9572369 DOI: 10.3390/polym14193981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective is to develop immediate release buccal films of Eletriptan Hydrobromide (EHBR) using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) E5. The buccal films have the ability to disintegrate rapidly and provide both systemic and local effects. The solvent casting method was employed to prepare the films and the central composite rotatable design (CCRD) model was used for film optimization. All the formulated films were characterized for physicochemical evaluation (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in in-vitro, ex-vivo, and in-vivo drug release. The fabricated films were transparent, colorless, and evenly distributed. The FTIR spectra showed no chemical interaction between the drug and excipients. In in-vitro analysis, the film has the highest% drug release (102.61 ± 1.13), while a maximum of 92.87 ± 0.87% drug was diffused across the cellulose membrane having a pore size of 0.45 µm. In the ex-vivo study, drug diffusion across the goat mucosa was performed and 80.9% of the drug was released in 30 min. In-vivo results depict a mean half-life (t½) of 4.54 ± 0.18 h and a Cmax of 128 ± 0.87 (ng/mL); Tmax was achieved in 1 h. Furthermore, instability and histopathological studies buccal films were proven to be safe and act as an effective dosage form. In a nutshell, optimized and safe instant release EHBR buccal films were prepared that have the tendency to provide effect effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Siddique
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of South Asia, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Rai Muhammad Sarfraz
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Muhammad Hammad Butt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Atta Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Forman Christian College, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Noman Fassih
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ghadeer M. Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roula Bayram
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y. Alfaifi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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14
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Mucoadhesive buccal films for treatment of xerostomia prepared by coupling HME and 3D printing technologies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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A novel oral medicated jelly for enhancement of etilefrine hydrochloride bioavailability: In vitro characterization and pharmacokinetic evaluation in healthy human volunteers. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 30:1435-1447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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16
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Javed QUA, Syed MA, Arshad R, Rahdar A, Irfan M, Raza SA, Shahnaz G, Hanif S, Díez-Pascual AM. Evaluation and Optimization of Prolonged Release Mucoadhesive Tablets of Dexamethasone for Wound Healing: In Vitro–In Vivo Profiling in Healthy Volunteers. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040807. [PMID: 35456641 PMCID: PMC9024596 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the projected study was to design and develop a novel strategy for evaluating the mucoadhesive potential of polymeric tablets of dexamethasone (DXM) for local delivery against wounds. Therefore, formulations (Q1–Q7) were synthesized via direct compression method by varying the concentrations of polymers, i.e., ethyl cellulose (EC) and agar extract (AG). Moreover, the mucoadhesive polymeric tablets were characterized via physicochemical, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo experiments. However, physicochemical characteristics such as FTIR showed no interaction with different polymeric combination. Surface pH of all formulations was normal to slightly alkaline. Highest hydration of up to 6.22% and swelling index was comprehended with maximum concentration of AG (50% of total tablet weight). Whereas, ex vivo and in vivo residence time and mucoadhesion were attributed to the increased concentrations of polymers. Moreover, Q7, (optimized formulation), containing 10% of EC and 40% of AG, exhibited maximum release of DXM (100%) over 8 h, along with sufficient mucoadhesive strength up to 11.73 g, following first-order kinetics having r2 value of 0.9778. Hemostatic effects and epithelialization for triggering and promoting wound healing were highly pronounced in cases of Q7. Furthermore, in vivo residence time was 7.84 h followed by salivary drug concentration (4.2 µg/mL). However, mucoadhesive buccal tablets showed stability for 6 months, thus following the standardization (ICH-Iva) stability zone. In summary, DXM mucoadhesive tablets seem to be an ideal candidate for eradication of wound infections via local targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qurrat ul Ain Javed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54770, Pakistan; (Q.u.A.J.); (M.A.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Muhammad Ali Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54770, Pakistan; (Q.u.A.J.); (M.A.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Rabia Arshad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54770, Pakistan; (Q.u.A.J.); (M.A.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol P.O. Box 98613-35856, Iran;
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Syed Atif Raza
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of The Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Gul Shahnaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid i Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Sana Hanif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40162, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (A.M.D.-P.)
| | - Ana M. Díez-Pascual
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33.6, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (A.M.D.-P.)
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17
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Casein Microgels as Benzydamine Hydrochloride Carriers for Prolonged Release. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041333. [PMID: 35207872 PMCID: PMC8875778 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This research aims to investigate the properties of nano- and micro-sized casein hydrogels crosslinked by sodium tripolyphosphate as drug delivery systems. Benzydamine hydrochloride was chosen as a model hydrophilic drug. The gels were synthesized by varying different parameters: casein concentration, casein/crosslinking ratio, and addition of ethanol as a co-solvent. The electrostatic attractive interactions between the casein and the sodium tripolyphosphate were confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The particle sizes was determined by dynamic light scattering and varied in the range between several hundred nanometers and several microns. The yield of the gelation process was high for all investigated samples and varied between 55.3% and 78.3%. The encapsulation efficiency of the particles was strongly influenced by the casein concentration and casein/crosslinker ratio and its values were between 4.6% and 22.4%. The release study confirmed that casein particles are useful as benzydamine carriers and ensured prolonged release over 72 h.
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18
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Hyaluronic-benzydamine oromucosal films outperform conventional mouth rinse in ulcer healing. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Multilayer Films Based on Chitosan/Pectin Polyelectrolyte Complexes as Novel Platforms for Buccal Administration of Clotrimazole. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101588. [PMID: 34683881 PMCID: PMC8538955 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Buccal films are recognized as easily applicable, microbiologically stable drug dosage forms with good retentivity at the mucosa intended for the therapy of oromucosal conditions, especially infectious diseases. Multilayer films composed of layers of oppositely charged polymers separated by ionically interacting polymeric chains creating polyelectrolyte complexes represent very interesting and relatively poorly explored area. We aimed to develop the antifungal multilayer systems composed of cationic chitosan and anionic pectin as potential platforms for controlled delivery of clotrimazole. The systems were pharmaceutically characterized with regard to inter alia their release kinetics under different pH conditions, physicomechanical, or mucoadhesion properties with using an animal model of the buccal mucosa. The antifungal activity against selected Candida sp. and potential cytotoxicity with regard to human gingival fibroblasts were also evaluated. Interactions between polyions were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Different clotrimazole distribution in the films layers highly affected their in vitro dissolution profile. The designed films were recognized as intelligent pH-responsive systems with strong antifungal effect and satisfactory safety profile. As addition of chitosan resulted in the improved antifungal behavior of the drug, the potential utilization of the films in resistant cases of oral candidiasis might be worth of further exploration.
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20
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Li A, Khan IN, Khan IU, Yousaf AM, Shahzad Y. Gellan Gum-Based Bilayer Mucoadhesive Films Loaded with Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride and Clove Oil for Possible Treatment of Periodontitis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:3937-3952. [PMID: 34556975 PMCID: PMC8453438 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s328722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Periodontitis is a widely spread oral infection and various antibiotics are utilized for its treatment, but high oral doses and development of antibiotic resistance limit their use. This study was aimed at development of natural polymer-based mucoadhesive bilayer films loaded with moxifloxacin hydrochloride (Mox) and clove essential oil (CEO) to potentially combat bacterial infection associated with periodontitis. Methods Films were synthesized by double solvent casting technique having an antibiotic in the gellan gum-based primary layer with clove oil in a hydroxyethyl cellulose-based secondary layer. Results Prepared films were transparent, flexible, and showed high antibacterial response against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The films showed excellent pharmaceutical attributes in terms of drug content, folding endurance, swelling index, and mucoadhesive strength. Solid state characterization of formulation showed successful incorporation of drug and oil in separate layers of hydrogel structure. An in-vitro release study showed an initial burst release of drug followed by sustained release for up to 48 hours. Conclusion The prepared mucoadhesive bilayer buccal films could be used as a potential therapeutic option for the management of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqin Li
- Department of Stomatology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ifrah Nabi Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Yasser Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
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21
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Jacob S, Nair AB, Boddu SHS, Gorain B, Sreeharsha N, Shah J. An Updated Overview of the Emerging Role of Patch and Film-Based Buccal Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1206. [PMID: 34452167 PMCID: PMC8399227 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Buccal mucosal membrane offers an attractive drug-delivery route to enhance both systemic and local therapy. This review discusses the benefits and drawbacks of buccal drug delivery, anatomical and physiological aspects of oral mucosa, and various in vitro techniques frequently used for examining buccal drug-delivery systems. The role of mucoadhesive polymers, penetration enhancers, and enzyme inhibitors to circumvent the formulation challenges particularly due to salivary renovation cycle, masticatory effect, and limited absorption area are summarized. Biocompatible mucoadhesive films and patches are favored dosage forms for buccal administration because of flexibility, comfort, lightness, acceptability, capacity to withstand mechanical stress, and customized size. Preparation methods, scale-up process and manufacturing of buccal films are briefed. Ongoing and completed clinical trials of buccal film formulations designed for systemic delivery are tabulated. Polymeric or lipid nanocarriers incorporated in buccal film to resolve potential formulation and drug-delivery issues are reviewed. Vaccine-enabled buccal films have the potential ability to produce both antibodies mediated and cell mediated immunity. Advent of novel 3D printing technologies with built-in flexibility would allow multiple drug combinations as well as compartmentalization to separate incompatible drugs. Exploring new functional excipients with potential capacity for permeation enhancement of particularly large-molecular-weight hydrophilic drugs and unstable proteins, oligonucleotides are the need of the hour for rapid advancement in the exciting field of buccal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shery Jacob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Sai H. S. Boddu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Bapi Gorain
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Centre for Drug Delivery and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.N.); (N.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Jigar Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, India;
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Tuğcu-Demiröz F, Saar S, Kara AA, Yıldız A, Tunçel E, Acartürk F. Development and characterization of chitosan nanoparticles loaded nanofiber hybrid system for vaginal controlled release of benzydamine. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 161:105801. [PMID: 33691155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Vaginal infections caused by various pathogens such as fungi, viruses and protozoa are frequently seen. Systemic and local treatments can be applied to eliminate these infections. Novel vaginal drug delivery systems can be used to provide local treatment. Vaginal drug delivery systems prevent systemic side effects and can provide long-term drug release in the vaginal area. Nanofibers and nanoparticles have a wide range of applications and can also be preferred as vaginal drug delivery systems. Benzydamine is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and antiseptic drug which is used for treatment of vaginal infections. The aim of this study was to compare the nanofiber and gel formulations containing lyophilized benzydamine nanoparticles with nanofiber and gel formulations containing free benzydamine, and to provide prolonged release for protection from the vaginal infections. Ionic gelation method was used for the preparation of benzydamine loaded nanoparticles. To produce benzydamine nanoparticles loaded nanofiber formulations, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solutions were prepared at 10% concentrations and mixed with nanoparticles. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) was used as a gelling agent at the concentration of 1% for the vaginal gel formulation. Nanoparticles were characterized in terms of zeta potential, polydispersity index and particle size. Viscosity, surface tension and conductivity values of the polymer solutions were measured for the electrospinning. Mechanical properties, contact angle and drug loading capacity of the fibers were determined. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, mucoadhesion, ex vivo permeability studies and in vitro release studies were performed for the selected formulations. Ex vivo permeability studies were performed using Franz diffusion cell method. SEM and TEM images showed that fiber diameters increased with loading of nanoparticles. DSC studies showed no interaction between excipients used in the formulation. Tensile strength and elongation at break values of the fibers increased with the loading of nanoparticles, and the contact angle values of the fibers were found to be 0°. Addition of benzydamine nanoparticles to gel and nanofiber formulations increased mucoadhesion compared to free benzydamine loading formulations. Benzydamine nanoparticle loaded gel and nanofiber formulations penetrated slower than that of free benzydamine gel and fiber formulations. The results demonstrated that benzydamine and benzydamine nanoparticle loaded fibers and gels could be a potential drug delivery system for the treatment of vaginal infections. Chitosan nanoparticle loaded nanofiber formulations are offered as an alternative controlled release vaginal formulations for vaginal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmanur Tuğcu-Demiröz
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06330- Etiler, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sinem Saar
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06330- Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adnan Altuğ Kara
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06330- Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Yıldız
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06330- Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emre Tunçel
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06330- Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Füsun Acartürk
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06330- Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
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KARAKÜÇÜK A, TORT S. Formulation, Optimization, and In-Vitro Evaluation of Hyaluronic Acid Buccal Films Containing Benzydamine Hydrochloride. DÜZCE ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI ENSTITÜSÜ DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.33631/duzcesbed.833024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Current status and future of delivery systems for prevention and treatment of infections in the oral cavity. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:1703-1734. [PMID: 33770415 PMCID: PMC7995675 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oral health reflects the general health, and it is fundamental to well-being and quality of life. An infection in the oral cavity can be associated with serious complications in human health. Local therapy of these infections offers many advantages over systemic drug administration, targeting directly to the diseased area while minimizing systemic side effects. Specialized drug delivery systems into the oral cavity have to be designed in such a fashion that they resist to the aqueous environment that is constantly bathed in saliva and subject to mechanical forces. Additionally, a prolonged release of drug should also be provided, which would enhance the efficacy and also decrease the repeated dosing. This review is aimed to summarize the current most relevant findings related to local drug delivery of various drug groups for prevention and treatment of infections (viral, bacterial, fungal) and infection-related manifestations in the oral cavity. Current therapeutic challenges in regard to effective local drug delivery systems will be discussed, and the recent approaches to overcome these obstacles will be reviewed. Finally, future prospects will be overviewed to promote novel strategies that can be implemented in clinical management for prevention and treatment of oral infections.
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