1
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Rai SK, Potnuru LR, Duong NT, Yamazaki T, Nangia AK, Nishiyama Y, Agarwal V. Probing Short-Range Interactions in Isostructural Hydrate and Perhydrate of Dabrafenib by Magic-Angle Spinning Solid-State NMR. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39034533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Dabrafenib (DBF), an anticancer drug, exhibits isostructural properties in its hydrate (DBF⊃H2O) and perhydrate (DBF⊃H2O2) forms, as revealed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Despite the H2O and H2O2 solvent molecules occupying identical locations, the two polymorphs have different thermal behaviors. In general, determination of stoichiometry of H2O in the perhydrate crystals is difficult due to the presence of both H2O and H2O2 in the same crystal voids. This study utilizes magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR (SSNMR) combined with gauge-included projector augmented wave calculations to characterize the influence of solvent molecules on the local environment in pseudopolymorphs. SSNMR experiments were employed to assign 1H, 13C, and 15N peaks and identify spectral differences in the isostructural pseudopolymorphs. Proton spectroscopy at fast MAS was used to identify and quantify H2O2/H2O in DBF⊃H2O2 (mixed hydrate/perhydrate). 1H-1H dipolar-coupling-based experiments were recruited to confirm the 3D molecular packing of solvent molecules in DBF⊃H2O and DBF⊃H2O2. Homonuclear (1H-1H) and heteronuclear (1H-14N) distance measurements, in conjunction with diffraction structures and optimized hydrogen atom positions by density functional theory, helped decipher local interactions of H2O2 with DBF and their geometry in DBF⊃H2O2. This integrated X-ray structure, quantum chemical calculations, and NMR study of pseudopolymorphs offer a practical approach to scrutinizing crystallized solvent interactions in the crystal lattice even without high-resolution crystal structures or artificial sample enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Rai
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Lokeswara Rao Potnuru
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Nghia Tuan Duong
- RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Toshio Yamazaki
- RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Ashwini K Nangia
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Central University P.O., Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Yusuke Nishiyama
- RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- JEOL Ltd., Musashino, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan
| | - Vipin Agarwal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
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2
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Miyano T, Sugita K, Ueda H. The Continuous and Reversible Transformation of the Polymorphs of an MGAT2 Inhibitor (S-309309) from the Anhydrate to the Hydrate in Response to Relative Humidity. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:949. [PMID: 39065646 PMCID: PMC11280299 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymorphic control is vital for the quality control of pharmaceutical crystals. Here, we investigated the relationship between the hydrate and anhydrate polymorphs of a monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 inhibitor (S-309309). Solvent evaporation and slurry conversion revealed two polymorphs, the hydrate and the solvate. The solvate was transformed into the hydrate by heating. X-ray powder diffraction demonstrated that the hydrate was transformed into an anhydrate via an intermediate state when heated. These crystal forms were confirmed under controlled humidity conditions; the presence of the anhydrate, the intermediate hydrate, or the hydrate depended on the relative humidity at 25 °C. The stoichiometry of S-309309 in water in the hydrate form was 4:1. The hydrates and anhydrates exhibited similar crystal structures and stability. The water of hydration in the intermediate hydrate was 0.1-0.15 mol according to the dynamic vapor sorption profile. The stability and dissolution profile of the anhydrate and hydrate showed no significant change due to similar crystal lattices and quick rehydration of the anhydrate. A mechanism for the reversible crystal transformation between the anhydrate and pseudo-polymorphs of the hydrate was discovered. We concluded that S-309309 causes a pseudo-polymorphic transformation; however, this is not a critical issue for pharmaceutical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Miyano
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan; (T.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Katsuji Sugita
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan; (T.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Analysis and Evaluation Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
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3
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Rode JE, Wasilczenko J, Górecki M. Differentiation of solvatomorphs of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) by solid-state vibrational circular dichroism (VCD). SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 310:123851. [PMID: 38295593 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Here, we present the new application of solid-state Vibrational Circular Dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy to differentiate several dutasteride (DS) solvatomorphs - the model active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). Several crystalline DS hydrochloride hydrates solvated with methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, acetone, and acetic acid were prepared. In contrast to almost identical IR spectra, the VCD ones were very sensitive to changes in the sample composition. We marked significant differences in the shape of VCD spectra of studied DS solvatomorphs, DS hydrates, and DS polymorphic forms. Our findings, supported by DFT calculations, show that VCD spectroscopy has the pronounced ability to distinguish their crystal arrangements. We believe that this contribution will extend the use of VCD in the pharmaceutical industry for developing and designing new chiral drug products for the identification, description, and in-depth probing of several pharmaceutical solvatomorphs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E Rode
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16 St., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Wasilczenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52 St., 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Górecki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52 St., 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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4
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Li HQ, Xu JY, Wu SS, Jin L. Molecular Insights into Water-Chloride and Water-Water Interactions in the Supramolecular Architecture of Aconine Hydrochloride Dihydrate. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:11925-11941. [PMID: 38496984 PMCID: PMC10938397 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Despite the previous preparation of aconine hydrochloride monohydrate (AHM), accurate determination of the crystal's composition was hindered by severely disordered water molecules within the crystal. In this study, we successfully prepared a new dihydrate form of the aconine hydrochloride [C25H42NO9+Cl-·2(H2O), aconine hydrochloride dihydrate (AHD)] and accurately refined all water molecules within the AHD crystal. Our objective is to elucidate both water-chloride and water-water interactions in the AHD crystal. The crystal structure of AHD was determined at 136 K using X-ray diffraction and a multipolar atom model was constructed by transferring charge-density parameters to explore the topological features of key short contacts. By comparing the crystal structures of dihydrate and monohydrate forms, we have observed that both AHD and AHM exhibit identical aconine cations, except for variations in the number of water molecules present. In the AHD crystal, chloride anions and water molecules serve as pivotal connecting hubs to establish three-dimensional hydrogen bonding networks and one-dimensional hydrogen bonding chain; both water-chloride and water-water interactions assemble supramolecular architectures. The crystal packing of AHD exhibits a complete reversal in the stacking order compared to AHM, thereby emphasizing distinct disparities between them. Hirshfeld surface analysis reveals that H···Cl- and H···O contacts play a significant role in constructing the hydrogen bonding network and chain within these supramolecular architectures. Furthermore, topological analysis and electrostatic interaction energy confirm that both water-chloride and water-water interactions stabilize supramolecular architectures through electrostatic attraction facilitated by H···Cl- and H···O contacts. Importantly, these findings are strongly supported by the existing literature evidence. Consequently, navigating these water-chloride and water-water interactions is imperative for ensuring storage and safe processing of this pharmaceutical compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Qing Li
- State
Clinical Trial Institution of New Drugs, International Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People’s Republic
of China
- Mongolian
Medicine Laboratory, International Mongolian
Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yin Xu
- Mongolian
Pharmaceutical Preparation Center, International
Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Shan-Shan Wu
- State
Clinical Trial Institution of New Drugs, International Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Liang Jin
- State
Clinical Trial Institution of New Drugs, International Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People’s Republic
of China
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5
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Hareendran C, Ravindranathan S, Ajithkumar TG. Insights into the Structure of Sucralfate by Advanced Solid- and Liquid-State NMR. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:1390-1401. [PMID: 38329458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Sucralfate, which is a sucrose octasulfate aluminum complex, is an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) falling in the category of cytoprotective agents which are very effective for gastric and duodenal ulcers. On interaction with stomach acid, it ionizes into aluminum and sucrose octasulfate ions to form a protective layer over the ulcerated region inhibiting further attack from acid. The mechanism of action of sucralfate in the context of its structure is not well understood. Considering that at least two forms of this API are available in the market, there are no reports on the various forms of sucralfate and differences in their pharmacological action. We characterized the two forms of sucralfate using multinuclear, multidimensional solid-state NMR, and the results show significant structural differences between them arising from variation in the aluminum environment and the level of hydration. The impact of structural differences on pharmacological action was examined by studying acid-induced Al release by 27Al liquid-state NMR. The sucralfate, European pharmaceutical standard, Form I, undergoes faster disruption in acid compared to Form II. The difference is explained on the basis of structural differences in the two forms which gives significant insights into the action of sucralfate in relation to its structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaithanya Hareendran
- Central NMR Facility and Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sapna Ravindranathan
- Central NMR Facility and Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - T G Ajithkumar
- Central NMR Facility and Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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6
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Chachorovska M, Lefton JB, Petrushevski G, Geskovski N, Jakimovska V, Makreski P. Solid-State Phase Transformation of Monohydrate and Anhydrous Form II of Sitagliptin Phosphate into a Novel Anhydrous Form IV - Solvent-Driven, Temperature-Induced and Stress Testings. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:396-406. [PMID: 37972890 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The solid form landscape of sitagliptin phosphate was systematically evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), supported by a plethora of auxiliary analytical techniques. The preformulation experiments resulted in the transition of sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate into a new anhydrous form (designated as form IV), obtained after recrystallization from absolute ethanol. The anhydrous form IV remained stable under stressed conditions (1 month at 25 °C/60 %RH and 40 °C/75 %RH). On the other hand, thermal heating (dehydration) of sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate resulted in conversion into another anhydrous form II. Form II was found to be metastable, because after melting, under exposure at 40 °C/75 %RH for 1 month, or when dissolved in absolute ethanol converted to the stable anhydrous form IV of sitagliptin phosphate. A monotropic relationship was found between both studied anhydrous forms. Intrinsic dissolution tests revealed differences in the dissolution rates between the monohydrate and the anhydrous forms of sitagliptin phosphate. This research corrects the record with an accurate chemical composition of the anhydrous form IV of sitagliptin phosphate that was previously regarded as a hemiethanolate. In addition, the crystal structure of anhydrous form II of sitagliptin phosphate has been solved and reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Chachorovska
- Research and Development, Alkaloid AD, Bul. Aleksandar Makedonski 12, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia.
| | - Jonathan B Lefton
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, 231 Fondren Science Building, Dallas, TX 75275, USA
| | - Gjorgji Petrushevski
- Quality Control, Alkaloid AD, Blvd. Aleksandar Makedonski 12, 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia; Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Arhimedova 5, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Nikola Geskovski
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Majka Tereza 47, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Viktorija Jakimovska
- Research and Development, Alkaloid AD, Bul. Aleksandar Makedonski 12, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Petre Makreski
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Arhimedova 5, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia.
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7
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Jiang Z, Song Z, Cao C, Yan M, Liu Z, Cheng X, Wang H, Wang Q, Liu H, Chen S. Multiple Natural Polymers in Drug and Gene Delivery Systems. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1691-1715. [PMID: 36927424 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230316094540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural polymers are organic compounds produced by living organisms. In nature, they exist in three main forms, including proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids. In recent years, with the continuous research on drug and gene delivery systems, scholars have found that natural polymers have promising applications in drug and gene delivery systems due to their excellent properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, low immunogenicity, and easy modification. However, since the structure, physicochemical properties, pharmacological properties and biological characteristics of biopolymer molecules have not yet been entirely understood, further studies are required before large-scale clinical application. This review focuses on recent advances in the representative natural polymers such as proteins (albumin, collagen, elastin), polysaccharides (chitosan, alginate, cellulose) and nucleic acids. We introduce the characteristics of various types of natural polymers, and further outline the characterization methods and delivery forms of these natural polymers. Finally, we discuss possible challenges for natural polymers in subsequent experimental studies and clinical applications. It provides an important strategy for the clinical application of natural polymers in drug and gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfa Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Zongmian Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Chen Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, PR China
- Department of Orthopedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Miaoheng Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Zhendong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, PR China
- Department of Orthopedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xingbo Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, PR China
- Department of Orthopedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, PR China
- Department of Orthopedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Qingnan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, PR China
- Department of Orthopedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 450003, PR China
| | - Hongjian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Songfeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
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8
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Tynkkynen T, Vassaki M, Tiihonen TE, Lehto VP, Demadis KD, Turhanen PA. Simple and User-Friendly Methodology for Crystal Water Determination by Quantitative Proton NMR Spectroscopy in Deuterium Oxide. Anal Chem 2023; 95:17020-17027. [PMID: 37923567 PMCID: PMC10666084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
In drug research and development, knowledge of the precise structure of an active ingredient is crucial. However, it is equally important to know the water content of the drug molecule, particularly the number of crystal waters present in its structure. Such knowledge ensures the avoidance of drug dosage and formulation errors since the number of water molecules affects the physicochemical and pharmaceutical properties of the molecule. Several methods have been used for crystal water measurements of organic compounds, of which thermogravimetry and crystallography may be the most common ones. To the best of our knowledge, solution-state NMR spectroscopy has not been used for crystal water determination in deuterium oxide. Quantitative NMR (qNMR) method will be presented in the paper with a comparison of single-crystal X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis results. The qNMR method for water content measurement is straightforward, reproducible, and accurate, including measurement of 1H NMR spectrum before and after the addition of the analyte compound, and the result can be calculated after integration of the reference compound, analyte, and HDO signals using the given equation. In practical terms, there is no need for weighing the samples under study, which makes it simple and is a clear advantage to the current determination methods. In addition, the crystal structures of two model bisphosphonates used herein are reported: that of monopotassium etidronate dihydrate and monosodium zoledronate trihydrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuulia Tynkkynen
- School
of Pharmacy, Biocenter Kuopio, University
of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 8, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Vassaki
- Crystal
Engineering, Growth and Design Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion GR-71003, Crete, Greece
| | - Tommi E. Tiihonen
- Department
of Technical Physics, University of Eastern
Finland, Yliopistonranta
8, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vesa-Pekka Lehto
- Department
of Technical Physics, University of Eastern
Finland, Yliopistonranta
8, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Konstantinos D. Demadis
- Crystal
Engineering, Growth and Design Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion GR-71003, Crete, Greece
| | - Petri A. Turhanen
- School
of Pharmacy, Biocenter Kuopio, University
of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 8, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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9
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Napiórkowska E, Szeleszczuk Ł, Milcarz K, Pisklak DM. Density Functional Theory and Density Functional Tight Binding Studies of Thiamine Hydrochloride Hydrates. Molecules 2023; 28:7497. [PMID: 38005219 PMCID: PMC10673443 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiamine hydrochloride (THCL), also known as vitamin B1, is an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), present on the list of essential medicines developed by the WHO, which proves its importance for public health. THCL is highly hygroscopic and can occur in the form of hydrates with varying degrees of hydration, depending on the air humidity. Although experimental characterization of the THCL hydrates has been described in the literature, the questions raised in previously published works suggest that additional research and in-depth analysis of THCL dehydration behavior are still needed. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to characterize, by means of quantum chemical calculations, the behavior of thiamine hydrates and explain the previously obtained results, including changes in the NMR spectra, at the molecular level. To achieve this goal, a series of DFT (CASTEP) and DFTB (DFTB+) calculations under periodic boundary conditions have been performed, including molecular dynamics simulations and GIPAW NMR calculations. The obtained results explain the differences in the relative stability of the studied forms and changes in the spectra observed for the samples of various degrees of hydration. This work highlights the application of periodic DFT calculations in the analysis of various solid forms of APIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Napiórkowska
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 81 Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Szeleszczuk
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Milcarz
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Maciej Pisklak
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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10
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Baaklini G, Schindler M, Yuan L, Jores CDS, Sanselme M, Couvrat N, Clevers S, Négrier P, Mondieig D, Dupray V, Cartigny Y, Gbabode G, Coquerel G. Critical Influence of Water on the Polymorphism of 1,3-Dimethylurea and Other Heterogeneous Equilibria. Molecules 2023; 28:7061. [PMID: 37894540 PMCID: PMC10609064 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It is shown that the presence of hundreds of ppm of water in 1,3-dimethylurea (DMU) powder led to the large depression of the transition temperature between the two enantiotropically related polymorphic forms of DMU (Form II → Form I) from 58 °C to 25 °C, thus explaining the reported discrepancies on this temperature of transition. Importantly, this case study shows that thermodynamics (through the construction of the DMU-water temperature-composition phase diagram) rather than kinetics is responsible for this significant temperature drop. Furthermore, this work also highlights the existence of a monohydrate of DMU that has never been reported before with a non-congruent fusion at 8 °C. Interestingly, its crystal structure, determined from X-ray powder diffraction data at sub-ambient temperature, consists of a DMU-water hydrogen bonded network totally excluding homo-molecular hydrogen bonds (whereas present in forms I and II of DMU).
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Baaklini
- Laboratoire Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives UR3233, Université Rouen Normandie, Normandie Université, F-76000 Rouen, France; (G.B.); (M.S.); (L.Y.); (C.D.S.J.); (M.S.); (N.C.); (S.C.); (V.D.); (Y.C.)
| | - Manon Schindler
- Laboratoire Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives UR3233, Université Rouen Normandie, Normandie Université, F-76000 Rouen, France; (G.B.); (M.S.); (L.Y.); (C.D.S.J.); (M.S.); (N.C.); (S.C.); (V.D.); (Y.C.)
| | - Lina Yuan
- Laboratoire Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives UR3233, Université Rouen Normandie, Normandie Université, F-76000 Rouen, France; (G.B.); (M.S.); (L.Y.); (C.D.S.J.); (M.S.); (N.C.); (S.C.); (V.D.); (Y.C.)
| | - Clément De Saint Jores
- Laboratoire Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives UR3233, Université Rouen Normandie, Normandie Université, F-76000 Rouen, France; (G.B.); (M.S.); (L.Y.); (C.D.S.J.); (M.S.); (N.C.); (S.C.); (V.D.); (Y.C.)
| | - Morgane Sanselme
- Laboratoire Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives UR3233, Université Rouen Normandie, Normandie Université, F-76000 Rouen, France; (G.B.); (M.S.); (L.Y.); (C.D.S.J.); (M.S.); (N.C.); (S.C.); (V.D.); (Y.C.)
| | - Nicolas Couvrat
- Laboratoire Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives UR3233, Université Rouen Normandie, Normandie Université, F-76000 Rouen, France; (G.B.); (M.S.); (L.Y.); (C.D.S.J.); (M.S.); (N.C.); (S.C.); (V.D.); (Y.C.)
| | - Simon Clevers
- Laboratoire Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives UR3233, Université Rouen Normandie, Normandie Université, F-76000 Rouen, France; (G.B.); (M.S.); (L.Y.); (C.D.S.J.); (M.S.); (N.C.); (S.C.); (V.D.); (Y.C.)
| | - Philippe Négrier
- LOMA, UMR 5798, Université Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33400 Talence, France; (P.N.); (D.M.)
| | - Denise Mondieig
- LOMA, UMR 5798, Université Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33400 Talence, France; (P.N.); (D.M.)
| | - Valérie Dupray
- Laboratoire Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives UR3233, Université Rouen Normandie, Normandie Université, F-76000 Rouen, France; (G.B.); (M.S.); (L.Y.); (C.D.S.J.); (M.S.); (N.C.); (S.C.); (V.D.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yohann Cartigny
- Laboratoire Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives UR3233, Université Rouen Normandie, Normandie Université, F-76000 Rouen, France; (G.B.); (M.S.); (L.Y.); (C.D.S.J.); (M.S.); (N.C.); (S.C.); (V.D.); (Y.C.)
| | - Gabin Gbabode
- Laboratoire Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives UR3233, Université Rouen Normandie, Normandie Université, F-76000 Rouen, France; (G.B.); (M.S.); (L.Y.); (C.D.S.J.); (M.S.); (N.C.); (S.C.); (V.D.); (Y.C.)
| | - Gerard Coquerel
- Laboratoire Sciences et Méthodes Séparatives UR3233, Université Rouen Normandie, Normandie Université, F-76000 Rouen, France; (G.B.); (M.S.); (L.Y.); (C.D.S.J.); (M.S.); (N.C.); (S.C.); (V.D.); (Y.C.)
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11
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Varsa S R, Pandey N, Ghosh A, Srivastava A, Puram PK, Meka ST, Chernyshev VV, Sanphui P. Mechanosynthesis of Stable Salt Hydrates of Allopurinol with Enhanced Dissolution, Diffusion, and Pharmacokinetics. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:34120-34133. [PMID: 37744830 PMCID: PMC10515590 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Allopurinol (ALO) is a medication that treats gout and kidney stones by lowering uric acid synthesis in the blood. The biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) IV drug exhibits poor aqueous solubility, permeability, and bioavailability. To overcome the bottlenecks of ALO, salts with maleic acid (MLE) and oxalic acid (OXA) were synthesized using the solvent-assisted grinding method. The novel multicomponent solids were characterized by PXRD, DSC, TGA, FT-IR, and SEM images. The crystal structures of these salts with variable stoichiometry were obtained using Rietveld refinement from the high-resolution PXRD data. The proton from the dicarboxylic acid is transferred to the most basic pyrimidine "N" of ALO. The N-H···N hydrogen-bonded ALO homodimer is replaced by the N+-H···O- ionic interactions in ALO-OXA (2:1:0.4) and ALO-MLE (1:1:1) salt hydrates. The organic salts improved solubility and dissolution up to 5-fold and the diffusion permeability up to 12 times compared to the native drug in a luminal pH 6.8 phosphate buffer medium. The salt hydrates were exceptionally stable during storage at 30 ± 5 °C and 75 ± 5% relative humidity. Superior dissolution and diffusion permeability of the ALO-MLE salt resulted in improved pharmacokinetics (peak plasma concentration) that offers a promising solid dosage form with enhanced bioavailability and lower dosage formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richu
Bagya Varsa S
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Noopur Pandey
- Solid
State Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute
of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Animesh Ghosh
- Solid
State Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute
of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Anubha Srivastava
- Department
of Physics, University of Lucknow, University Road, Lucknow 226007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pavan Kumar Puram
- Foundation
for Neglected Disease Research, Doddaballapur, Bangalore 561203, India
| | - Sai Teja Meka
- Foundation
for Neglected Disease Research, Doddaballapur, Bangalore 561203, India
| | - Vladimir V. Chernyshev
- Department
of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State
University, 1-3 Leninskie
Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- A. N. Frumkin
Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry RAS, 31 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Palash Sanphui
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
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12
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Nagamatsu D, Ando S, Fujimura Y, Miyano T, Sugita K, Ueda H. Formation of Hemihydrate Crystal form Overcomes Milling Issue Induced by Exposed Functional Groups on Cleavage Plane for a Y5 Receptor Antagonist of Neuropeptide Y. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:2516-2523. [PMID: 37100203 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the crystal forms of an originally designed Y5 receptor antagonist of neuropeptide Y. Polymorphic screening was performed via solvent evaporation and slurry conversion using various solvents. The obtained crystal forms α, β, and γ were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction analysis. Thermal analysis determined that forms α, β, and γ were hemihydrate, metastable and stable forms, respectively; the hemihydrate and the stable forms were candidates. To arrange the particle size, forms α and γ were subjected to jet milling. However, form γ could not be milled because of powder stiction to the apparatus, whereas form α could be. To investigate this mechanism, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was performed. The crystal structure of form γ was characterized by two-dimensional hydrogen bonding between neighboring molecules. This revealed that the functional groups forming hydrogen bonds were exposed on the cleavage plane of form γ. The three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network with water stabilized the hemihydrate form, α. These results indicate that the hydrogen bondable groups exposed on the cleavage plane of form γ should result in stiction of the powder and adherence to the apparatus. It was concluded that crystal conversion is a method to overcome the milling issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Nagamatsu
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Shigeru Ando
- Sustainability Management Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 541-0045, Japan
| | - Yuko Fujimura
- Intellectual Property Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 541-0045, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Miyano
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Katsuji Sugita
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Analysis and Evaluation Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 561-0825, Japan.
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13
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Purohit TJ, Amirapu S, Wu Z, Hanning SM. Rectal Bioavailability of Amoxicillin from Hollow-Type Suppositories: Effect of Chemical Form of Amoxicillin. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1865. [PMID: 37514051 PMCID: PMC10383505 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rectal drug administration could offer advantages in the delivery of medicines for children by avoiding swallowability issues, improving stability and enabling administration by caregivers. This study aimed to evaluate the rectal bioavailability of hollow-type suppositories (HTS) and understand the effect of two chemical forms of amoxicillin: amoxicillin sodium (AS) or amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT). HTS were prepared by incorporating a lipophilic core containing the antibiotic with a polyethylene glycol (PEG) shell. Formulations were characterised in vitro, and the absolute bioavailability was determined in a rabbit model, while drug-base interactions were evaluated using X-ray diffraction crystallography (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The in vitro amoxicillin release from AMT HTS was delayed, taking 27.3 ± 4.9 h to release 50% drug compared with 1.7 h for the AS HTS, likely due to solubility differences between AMT and AS. The presence of orthorhombic AMT and anhydrous AS crystals in respective HTS was confirmed via XRD and DSC. PEG shells were able to protect the drug chemical stability when stored at 25 °C/60% RH. Despite the difference in their in vitro release rates, a similar rectal bioavailability was found in both forms of amoxicillin (absolute bioavailability 68.2 ± 6.6% vs. 72.8 ± 32.2% for AMT HTS and AS HTS, respectively; p = 0.9682). Both HTS formulations showed little or no irritation to the rectal mucosa following a single dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trusha J Purohit
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Satya Amirapu
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Zimei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Sara M Hanning
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
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14
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Patschan D, Patschan S, Matyukhin I, Ritter O, Dammermann W. Metabolomics in Acute Kidney Injury: The Clinical Perspective. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4083. [PMID: 37373777 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects increasing numbers of hospitalized patients worldwide. The diagnosis of AKI is made too late in most individuals since it is still based on dynamic changes in serum creatinine. In recent years, new AKI biomarkers have been identified; however, none of these can reliably replace serum creatinine yet. Metabolomic profiling (metabolomics) allows the concomitant detection and quantification of large numbers of metabolites from biological specimens. The current article aims to summarize clinical studies on metabolomics in AKI diagnosis and risk prediction. METHODS The following databases were searched for references: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus, and the period lasted from 1940 until 2022. The following terms were utilized: 'AKI' OR 'Acute Kidney Injury' OR 'Acute Renal Failure' AND 'metabolomics' OR 'metabolic profiling' OR 'omics' AND 'risk' OR 'death' OR 'survival' OR 'dialysis' OR 'KRT' OR 'kidney replacement therapy' OR 'RRT' OR 'renal replacement therapy' OR 'recovery of kidney function' OR 'renal recovery' OR 'kidney recovery' OR 'outcome'. Studies on AKI risk prediction were only selected if metabolomic profiling allowed differentiation between subjects that fulfilled a risk category (death or KRT or recovery of kidney function) and those who did not. Experimental (animal-based) studies were not included. RESULTS In total, eight studies were identified. Six studies were related to the diagnosis of AKI; two studies were performed on metabolic analysis in AKI risk (death) prediction. Metabolomics studies in AKI already helped to identify new biomarkers for AKI diagnosis. The data on metabolomics for AKI risk prediction (death, KRT, recovery of kidney function), however, are very limited. CONCLUSIONS Both the heterogenous etiology and the high degree of pathogenetic complexity of AKI most likely require integrated approaches such as metabolomics and/or additional types of '-omics' studies to improve clinical outcomes in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Patschan
- Department of Medicine 1, Cardiology, Angiology, Nephrology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, University Hospital Brandenburg, 14770 Brandenburg, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 15562 Rüdersdorf bei Berlin, Germany
| | - Susann Patschan
- Department of Medicine 1, Cardiology, Angiology, Nephrology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, University Hospital Brandenburg, 14770 Brandenburg, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 15562 Rüdersdorf bei Berlin, Germany
| | - Igor Matyukhin
- Department of Medicine 1, Cardiology, Angiology, Nephrology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, University Hospital Brandenburg, 14770 Brandenburg, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 15562 Rüdersdorf bei Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Ritter
- Department of Medicine 1, Cardiology, Angiology, Nephrology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, University Hospital Brandenburg, 14770 Brandenburg, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 15562 Rüdersdorf bei Berlin, Germany
| | - Werner Dammermann
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 15562 Rüdersdorf bei Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine 2, Gastroenterology, Diabetes, Endocrinology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, University Hospital Brandenburg, 14770 Brandenburg, Germany
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15
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Patschan D, Patschan S, Matyukhin I, Hoffmeister M, Lauxmann M, Ritter O, Dammermann W. Metabolomics in Acute Kidney Injury: The Experimental Perspective. J Clin Med Res 2023; 15:283-291. [PMID: 37434774 PMCID: PMC10332883 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr4913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects increasing numbers of in-hospital patients in Central Europe and the USA, the prognosis remains poor. Although substantial progress has been achieved in the identification of molecular/cellular processes that induce and perpetuate AKI, more integrated pathophysiological perspectives are missing. Metabolomics enables the identification of low-molecular-weight (< 1.5 kD) substances from biological specimens such as certain types of fluid or tissue. The aim of the article was to review the literature on metabolic profiling in experimental AKI and to answer the question if metabolomics allows the integration of distinct pathophysiological events such as tubulopathy and microvasculopathy in ischemic and toxic AKI. The following databases were searched for references: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus. The period lasted from 1940 until 2022. The following terms were utilized: "acute kidney injury" OR "acute renal failure" OR "AKI" AND "metabolomics" OR "metabolic profiling" OR "omics" AND "ischemic" OR "toxic" OR "drug-induced" OR "sepsis" OR "LPS" OR "cisplatin" OR "cardiorenal" OR "CRS" AND "mouse" OR "mice" OR "murine" OR "rats" OR "rat". Additional search terms were "cardiac surgery", "cardiopulmonary bypass", "pig", "dog", and "swine". In total, 13 studies were identified. Five studies were related to ischemic, seven studies to toxic (lipopolysaccharide (LPS), cisplatin), and one study to heat shock-associated AKI. Only one study, related to cisplatin-induced AKI, was performed as a targeted analysis. The majority of the studies identified multiple metabolic deteriorations upon ischemia/the administration of LPS or cisplatin (e.g., amino acid, glucose, lipid metabolism). Particularly, abnormalities in the lipid homeostasis were shown under almost all experimental conditions. LPS-induced AKI most likely depends on the alterations in the tryptophan metabolism. Metabolomics studies provide a deeper understanding of pathophysiological links between distinct processes that are responsible for functional impairment/structural damage in ischemic or toxic or other types of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Patschan
- Department of Medicine 1, Cardiology, Angiology, Nephrology, University Hospital Brandenburg of the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Germany
| | - Susann Patschan
- Department of Medicine 1, Cardiology, Angiology, Nephrology, University Hospital Brandenburg of the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Igor Matyukhin
- Department of Medicine 1, Cardiology, Angiology, Nephrology, University Hospital Brandenburg of the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Meike Hoffmeister
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Martin Lauxmann
- Institute of Biochemistry, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Ritter
- Department of Medicine 1, Cardiology, Angiology, Nephrology, University Hospital Brandenburg of the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Germany
| | - Werner Dammermann
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Germany
- Department of Medicine 2, Gastroenterology, Diabetes, Endocrinology, University Hospital Brandenburg of the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg, Germany
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16
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Comparative study of the cocrystals with layered/cavity structure in regulating in vitro pharmaceutical properties of diuretic acetazolamide. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Boycov DE, Drozd KV, Manin AN, Churakov AV, Perlovich GL. New Solid Forms of Nitrofurantoin and 4-Aminopyridine Salt: Influence of Salt Hydration Level on Crystal Packing and Physicochemical Properties. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248990. [PMID: 36558123 PMCID: PMC9783863 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The crystallization of the poorly soluble drug nitrofurantoin (NFT) with 4-aminopyridine (4AmPy) resulted in three multicomponent solid forms with different hydration levels: anhydrous salt [NFT+4AmPy] (1:1), salt monohydrate [NFT+4AmPy+H2O] (1:1:1), and salt tetrahydrate [NFT+4AmPy+H2O] (1:1:4). Each salt was selectively prepared by liquid-assisted grinding in the presence of acetonitrile or ethanol/water mixture at a specific composition. The NFT hydrated salts were characterized using single crystal X-ray diffraction. The [NFT+4AmPy+H2O] salt (1:1:1) crystallized as an isolated site hydrate, while the [NFT+4AmPy+H2O] salt (1:1:4) crystallized as a channel hydrate. The dehydration processes of the NFT salt hydrates were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. A powder dissolution experiment was carried out for all NFT multicomponent solid forms in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solution at 37 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis E. Boycov
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya St., 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Ksenia V. Drozd
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya St., 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Alex N. Manin
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya St., 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Andrei V. Churakov
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - German L. Perlovich
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya St., 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
- Correspondence:
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18
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Holmes ST, Vojvodin CS, Veinberg N, Iacobelli EM, Hirsh DA, Schurko RW. Hydrates of active pharmaceutical ingredients: A 35Cl and 2H solid-state NMR and DFT study. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2022; 122:101837. [PMID: 36434925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2022.101837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study uses 35Cl and 2H solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy and dispersion-corrected plane-wave density functional theory (DFT) calculations to characterize the molecular-level structures and dynamics of hydrates of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). We use 35Cl SSNMR to measure the EFG tensors of the chloride ions to characterize hydrated forms of hydrochloride salts of APIs, along with two corresponding anhydrous forms. DFT calculations are used to refine the crystal structures of the APIs and determine relationships between the 35Cl EFG tensors and the spatial arrangements of proximate hydrogen bonds, which are particularly influenced by interactions with water molecules. We find that the relationship between 35Cl EFG tensors and local hydrogen bonding geometries is complex, but meaningful structure/property relationships can be garnered through use of DFT calculations. Specifically, for every case in which such a comparison could be made, we find that the hydrate has a smaller magnitude of CQ than the corresponding anhydrous form, indicating a chloride ion environment with a ground-state electron density of higher spherical symmetry in the former. Finally, variable-temperature 35Cl and 2H SSNMR experiments on a deuterium-exchanged sample of the API cimetidine hydrochloride monohydrate are used to monitor temperature-dependent influences on the spectra that may arise from motional influences on the 35Cl and 2H EFG tensors. From the 2H SSNMR spectra, we determine that the motions of water molecules are characterized by jump-like motions about their C2 rotational axes that occur on timescales that are unlikely to influence the 35Cl central-transition (+1/2 ↔︎ -1/2) powder patterns (this is confirmed by 35Cl SSNMR). Together, these methods show great promise for the future study of APIs in their bulk and dosage forms, especially variable hydrates in which crystallographic water content varies with external conditions such as humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T Holmes
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA; National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Cameron S Vojvodin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA; National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Natan Veinberg
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, USA
| | - Emilia M Iacobelli
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, USA
| | - David A Hirsh
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, USA
| | - Robert W Schurko
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA; National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA.
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19
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Quantitative Determination of Diosmin in Tablets by Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238276. [PMID: 36500369 PMCID: PMC9740429 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diosmin is widely used in the treatment of chronic venous diseases and hemorrhoids. Based on Raman and infrared reflection spectra of powdered tablets in the mid- and near-infrared regions and results of reference high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis, partial least squares models that enable fast and reliable quantification of the studied active ingredient in tablets, without the need for extraction, were elaborated. Eight commercial preparations containing diosmin in the 66-92% (w/w) range were analyzed. In order to assess and compare the quality of the developed chemometric models, the relative standard errors of prediction for calibration and validation sets were calculated. We found these errors to be in the 1.0-2.4% range for the three spectroscopic techniques used. Diosmin content in the analyzed preparations was obtained with recoveries in the 99.5-100.5% range.
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20
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Hou Z, Yuan S, Deng W, Cai J, Qiu Y, Zhao Y, Wang Z, Chen L, Liu H, Wu X, Zhang X. Crystalline Hydrate Dehydration Sensing Based on Integrated Terahertz Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:9116. [PMID: 36501818 PMCID: PMC9736564 DOI: 10.3390/s22239116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Water molecules play a very important role in the hydration and dehydration process of hydrates, which may lead to distinct physical and chemical properties, affecting their availability in practical applications. However, miniaturized, integrated sensors capable of the rapid, sensitive sensing of water molecules in the hydrate are still lacking, limiting their proliferation. Here, we realize the high-sensitivity sensing of water molecules in copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O), based on an on-chip terahertz whispering gallery mode resonator (THz-WGMR) fabricated on silicon material via CMOS-compatible technologies. An integrated THz-WGMR with a high-Q factor of 3305 and a resonance frequency of 410.497 GHz was proposed and fabricated. Then, the sensor was employed to distinguish the CuSO4·xH2O (x = 5, 3, 1). The static characterization from the CuSO4·5H2O to the copper sulfate trihydrate (CuSO4·3H2O) experienced blueshifts of 0.55 GHz/μmol, whereas the dehydration process of CuSO4·3H2O to copper sulfate monohydrate (CuSO4·H2O) exhibited blueshifts of 0.21 GHz/μmol. Finally, the dynamic dehydration processes of CuSO4·5H2O to CuSO4·3H2O at different temperatures were monitored. We believe that our proposed THz-WGMR sensors with highly sensitive substance identification capabilities can provide a versatile and integrated platform for studying the transformation between substances, contributing to hydrated/crystal water-assisted biochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Hou
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shixing Yuan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wentao Deng
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiahua Cai
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yaqin Qiu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yunong Zhao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liao Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China
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21
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Fang Y, Chang H, Li J, Li Z, Zhang D. Recent Advances in Metal Nanocomposite-Based Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors for Pharmaceutical Analysis. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022:1-27. [PMID: 36201181 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2128633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
Rising rates of drug abuse and pharmaceutical pollution throughout the world as a consequence of increased drug production and utilization pose a serious risk to public health and to environmental integrity. It is thus critical that reliable analytical approaches to detecting drugs and their metabolites in a range of sample matrices be developed. Recent advances in the design of nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors have enabled promising new approaches to pharmaceutical analysis. In particular, the development of a range of novel metal nanocomposites with enhanced catalytic properties has provided a wealth of opportunities for the design of rapid and reliable platforms for the detection of specific pharmaceutical compounds. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of representative metal nanocomposites with synergistic properties and their recent (2017-2022) application in the context of electrochemical sensing as a means of detecting specific antibiotic, tuberculostatic, analgesic, antineoplastic, antipsychotic, and antihypertensive drugs. In discussing these applications, we further explore a variety of testing-related principles, fabrication approaches, characterization techniques, and parameters associated with the sensitivity and selectivity of these sensor platforms before surveying the future outlook regarding the fabrication of next-generation (bio)sensor platforms for use in pharmaceutical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Fang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Hongen Chang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Jingrong Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
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22
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Hall AV, Gostick IEF, Yufit DS, Marchant GY, Kirubakaran P, Madu SJ, Li M, Steel PG, Steed JW. Integral Role of Water in the Solid-State Behavior of the Antileishmanial Drug Miltefosine. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2022; 22:6262-6266. [PMID: 36217416 PMCID: PMC9542694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c00843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Miltefosine is a repurposed anticancer drug and currently the only orally administered drug approved to treat the neglected tropical disease leishmaniasis. Miltefosine is hygroscopic and must be stored at subzero temperatures. In this work, we report the X-ray structures of miltefosine monohydrate and methanol solvate, along with 12- and 14-carbon chain analogue hydrates and a solvate. The three hydrates are all isostructural and are conformational isomorphs with Z' = 2. Water bridges the gap between phosphocholine head groups caused by the interdigitated bilayer structure. The two methanol solvates are also mutually isostructural with the head groups adopting a more extended conformation. Again, the solvent bridges the gap between head groups in the bilayer. No anhydrous form of miltefosine or its analogues were isolated, with dehydration resulting in significantly reduced crystallinity. This arises as a result of the integral role that hydrogen-bond donors (in the form of water or solvent molecules) play in the stability of the zwitterionic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy V. Hall
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Isobel E. F. Gostick
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Dmitry S. Yufit
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Gloria Y. Marchant
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | | | - Shadrack J. Madu
- School
of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, U.K.
| | - Mingzhong Li
- School
of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, U.K.
| | - Patrick G. Steel
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Jonathan W. Steed
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Lower Mountjoy, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
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23
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Leng F, Shemchuk O, Robeyns K, Leyssens T. Complexation: An Interesting Pathway for Combining Two APIs at the Solid State. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091960. [PMID: 36145706 PMCID: PMC9503796 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining different drugs into a single crystal form is one of the current challenges in crystal engineering, with the number of reported multi-drug solid forms remaining limited. This paper builds upon an efficient approach to combining Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) containing carboxylic groups in their structure with APIs containing pyridine moieties. By transforming the former into their zinc salts, they can be successfully combined with the pyridine-containing APIs. This work highlights the successfulness of this approach, as well as the improvement in the physical properties of the obtained solid forms.
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24
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The Relevance of Crystal Forms in the Pharmaceutical Field: Sword of Damocles or Innovation Tools? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169013. [PMID: 36012275 PMCID: PMC9408954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is aimed to provide to an “educated but non-expert” readership and an overview of the scientific, commercial, and ethical importance of investigating the crystalline forms (polymorphs, hydrates, and co-crystals) of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). The existence of multiple crystal forms of an API is relevant not only for the selection of the best solid material to carry through the various stages of drug development, including the choice of dosage and of excipients suitable for drug development and marketing, but also in terms of intellectual property protection and/or extension. This is because the physico-chemical properties, such as solubility, dissolution rate, thermal stability, processability, etc., of the solid API may depend, sometimes dramatically, on the crystal form, with important implications on the drug’s ultimate efficacy. This review will recount how the scientific community and the pharmaceutical industry learned from the catastrophic consequences of the appearance of new, more stable, and unsuspected crystal forms. The relevant aspects of hydrates, the most common pharmaceutical solid solvates, and of co-crystals, the association of two or more solid components in the same crystalline materials, will also be discussed. Examples will be provided of how to tackle multiple crystal forms with screening protocols and theoretical approaches, and ultimately how to turn into discovery and innovation the purposed preparation of new crystalline forms of an API.
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25
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Dai X, Shen L. Advances and Trends in Omics Technology Development. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:911861. [PMID: 35860739 PMCID: PMC9289742 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.911861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The human history has witnessed the rapid development of technologies such as high-throughput sequencing and mass spectrometry that led to the concept of “omics” and methodological advancement in systematically interrogating a cellular system. Yet, the ever-growing types of molecules and regulatory mechanisms being discovered have been persistently transforming our understandings on the cellular machinery. This renders cell omics seemingly, like the universe, expand with no limit and our goal toward the complete harness of the cellular system merely impossible. Therefore, it is imperative to review what has been done and is being done to predict what can be done toward the translation of omics information to disease control with minimal cell perturbation. With a focus on the “four big omics,” i.e., genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, we delineate hierarchies of these omics together with their epiomics and interactomics, and review technologies developed for interrogation. We predict, among others, redoxomics as an emerging omics layer that views cell decision toward the physiological or pathological state as a fine-tuned redox balance.
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26
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The comparative study of structural, electronic, and optical properties of hydrogen peroxide and its dihydrate under pressures: first-principle calculations. J Mol Model 2022; 28:72. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Salification Controls the In-Vitro Release of Theophylline. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Sustained released formulation is the most used strategy to control the efficacy and the adverse reactions of an API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) with a narrow therapeutic index. In this work, we used a different way to tailor the solubility and diffusion of a drug. Salification of Theophylline with Squaric Acid was carried out to better control the absorption of Theophylline after administration. Salification proved to be a winning strategy decreasing the dissolution of the APIs up to 54% with respect to Theophylline. Most importantly, this was accomplished in the first 10 min of the dissolution process, which are the most important for the API administration. Two polymorphs were identified and fully characterized. Theophylline squarate was discovered as trihydrate (SC-XRD) and as a metastable anhydrous form. Indeed, during the Variable Temperature-XRPD experiment, the trihydrate form turned back into the two starting components after losing the three molecules of water. On the other hand, the synthesis of the trihydrate form was observed when a simple mixing of the two starting components were exposed to a high humidity relative percentage (90% RH).
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28
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Takahashi M, Uekusa H. Dehydration and Rehydration Mechanisms of Pharmaceutical Crystals: Classification Of Hydrates by Activation Energy. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:618-627. [PMID: 34728174 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Dehydration strongly influences the stability of hydrate drug substances. Consequently, the ability to predict dehydration of crystalline hydrate using the intermolecular interactions of water molecules contained in the crystals is essential for drug development. The conventional method employed to predict the propensity for dehydration uses the dehydration temperature, which is related to how tightly water molecules are bound in the crystal lattice. However, it is difficult to predict the dehydration propensity of a particular hydrate using only the dehydration temperature because other kinetic factors affect dehydration behavior, such as intermolecular interactions, and drug-substance-to-water molar ratio in a hydrate. In this study, we explored the use of the dehydration activation energy Ea and rehydration behavior to classify 11 pharmaceutical hydrates into three classes according to their kinetic behavior related to the thermodynamic factors of hydrates. There is good agreement between these classes and hydrate crystal structures determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and thus, the classification reflects their crystal structural features. We compared Ea to the dehydration temperatures for each class and found that Ea plays a crucial role and is better than the temperature for quantitative differentiation of the dehydration propensities in these hydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Megro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Uekusa
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Megro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.
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29
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Pasqua E, Hamblin N, Edwards C, Baker-Glenn C, Hurley C. Developing inhaled drugs for respiratory diseases: A medicinal chemistry perspective. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:134-150. [PMID: 34547449 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the devastating impact of many lung diseases on human health, there is still a significant unmet medical need in respiratory diseases, for which inhaled delivery represents a crucial strategy. More guidance on how to design and carry out multidisciplinary inhaled projects is needed. When designing inhaled drugs, the medicinal chemist must carefully balance the physicochemical properties of the molecule to achieve optimal target engagement in the lung. Although the medicinal chemistry strategy is unique for each project, and will change depending on multiple factors, such as the disease, target, systemic risk, delivery device, and formulation, general guidelines aiding inhaled drug design can be applied and are summarised in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pasqua
- Charles River Laboratories, 8-9 Spire Green Centre, Harlow CM19 5TR, UK.
| | - Nicole Hamblin
- Charles River Laboratories, 8-9 Spire Green Centre, Harlow CM19 5TR, UK; Charles River Laboratories, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Waldon CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Christine Edwards
- Charles River Laboratories, 8-9 Spire Green Centre, Harlow CM19 5TR, UK
| | - Charles Baker-Glenn
- Charles River Laboratories, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Waldon CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Chris Hurley
- Charles River Laboratories, 8-9 Spire Green Centre, Harlow CM19 5TR, UK
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30
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Gohel SK, Palanisamy V, Sanphui P, Prakash M, Singh GP, Chernyshev V. Isostructural cocrystals of metaxalone with improved dissolution characteristics. RSC Adv 2021; 11:30689-30700. [PMID: 35479860 PMCID: PMC9041148 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05959a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle relaxant and pain reliever metaxalone (MET) is a biopharmaceutical classification systems (BCS) class II drug with poor aqueous solubility and high permeability. The presence of an aromatic skeleton and cyclic carboxamate moiety are the probable reasons for the decreased aqueous solubility, which impacts on its low bioavailability. A high dose (800 mg) of the drug often creates adverse side effects on the central nervous system that needs urgent remedy. Cocrystallization of MET with nicotinamide (NAM), salicylamide (SAM), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) resulted in multicomponent solids that were characterized by PXRD, DSC and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Cocrystals with SAM and NAM form 2D isostructural cocrystals, whereas with HBA the result is a differently packed cocrystal hydrate (or anisole hemisolvate) depending upon the crystallization medium. Similar to the reported MET cocrystals, these cocrystals also confirm the preference for an imide⋯imide homosynthon in the drug. The dominance of the drug–drug homodimer over drug-coformer heterodimers was demonstrated based on binding energy calculations. Further, powder dissolution experiments in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer indicate that the cocrystals improved the apparent solubility compared to the native drug by 3–9 fold. The absence of stronger heterosynthons between MET and the coformers, their lower melting points and the high solubility of the coformers are the probable reasons for the enhanced solubility of the bioactive component. The MET–NAM cocrystal exhibited the highest solubility/dissolution rate among the three binary solid forms, which may offer improved bioavailability and a lower dose with minimal side effects. Metaxalone forms isostructural cocrystals with nicotinamide and salicylamide that offer a solubility advantage compared to the native drug. A drug–drug homosynthon is retained in all the cocrystal structures.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasanthi Palanisamy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Palash Sanphui
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Muthuramalingam Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Girij Pal Singh
- Lupin Limited, Lupin Research Park Pune-412115 Maharashtra India
| | - Vladimir Chernyshev
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University 1-3 Leninskie Gory Moscow 119991 Russian Federation .,A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry RAS 31 Leninsky Prospect Moscow 119071 Russian Federation
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31
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Sanii R, Patyk-Kaźmierczak E, Hua C, Darwish S, Pham T, Forrest KA, Space B, Zaworotko MJ. Toward an Understanding of the Propensity for Crystalline Hydrate Formation by Molecular Compounds. Part 2. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2021; 21:4927-4939. [PMID: 34483749 PMCID: PMC8414477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.1c00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The propensity of molecular organic compounds to form stoichiometric or nonstoichiometric crystalline hydrates remains a challenging aspect of crystal engineering and is of practical relevance to fields such as pharmaceutical science. In this work, we address the propensity for hydrate formation of a library of eight compounds comprised of 5- and 6-membered N-heterocyclic aromatics classified into three subgroups: linear dipyridyls, substituted Schiff bases, and tripodal molecules. Each molecular compound studied possesses strong hydrogen bond acceptors and is devoid of strong hydrogen bond donors. Four methods were used to screen for hydrate propensity using the anhydrate forms of the molecular compounds in our library: water slurry under ambient conditions, exposure to humidity, aqueous solvent drop grinding (SDG), and dynamic water vapor sorption (DVS). In addition, crystallization from mixed solvents was studied. Water slurry, aqueous SDG, and exposure to humidity were found to be the most effective methods for hydrate screening. Our study also involved a structural analysis using the Cambridge Structural Database, electrostatic potential (ESP) maps, full interaction maps (FIMs), and crystal packing motifs. The hydrate propensity of each compound studied was compared to a compound of the same type known to form a hydrate through a previous study of ours. Out of the eight newly studied compounds (herein numbered 4-11), three Schiff bases were observed to form hydrates. Three crystal structures (two hydrates and one anhydrate) were determined. Compound 6 crystallized as an isolated site hydrate in the monoclinic space group P21/a, while 7 and 10 crystallized in the monoclinic space group P21/c as a channel tetrahydrate and an anhydrate, respectively. Whereas we did not find any direct correlation between the number of H-bond acceptors and either hydrate propensity or the stoichiometry of the resulting hydrates, analysis of FIMs suggested that hydrates tend to form when the corresponding anhydrate structure does not facilitate intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Sanii
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Co. Limerick Y94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Ewa Patyk-Kaźmierczak
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Co. Limerick Y94T9PX, Ireland
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwerystetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Carol Hua
- School
of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Shaza Darwish
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Co. Limerick Y94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Tony Pham
- Department
of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Katherine A. Forrest
- Department
of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Brian Space
- Department
of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Michael J. Zaworotko
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Co. Limerick Y94T9PX, Ireland
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32
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Barbas R, Llinas A, Prohens R. The Solid State Landscape of the Sildenafil Drug. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:1104-1109. [PMID: 34419482 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sildenafil, the active ingredient of the drug developed by Pfizer for the treatment of erectile dysfunction was firstly synthesized in 1989 in the United Kingdom and since then it has become one of the most prescribed drugs for sexual performance in the western world with more than 2.7 million prescriptions in the US in 2021. Since its discovery, this drug compound has attracted the interest of formulators and crystallographers, with a high number of crystal forms of sildenafil being found and characterized, including polymorphs, hydrates, solvates, salts and cocrystals, converting it in one of the most promiscuous multicomponent crystal former drugs in the pharmaceutical sciences arena. In this minireview, the polymorph, pseudopolymorph and multicomponent solid forms landscape of sildenafil is presented through a comprehensive compilation of their 42 solid forms reported in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Barbas
- Unitat de Polimorfisme i Calorimetria, Centres Científics i Tecnològics, Universitat de Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antonio Llinas
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 43150, Sweden
| | - Rafel Prohens
- Unitat de Polimorfisme i Calorimetria, Centres Científics i Tecnològics, Universitat de Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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33
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Mechanochemical synthesis and characterization of Zidovudine-lamivudine solid dispersion (binary eutectic mixture). J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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34
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Cassani MC, Gambassi F, Ballarin B, Nanni D, Ragazzini I, Barreca D, Maccato C, Guagliardi A, Masciocchi N, Kovtun A, Rubini K, Boanini E. A Cu(ii)-MOF based on a propargyl carbamate-functionalized isophthalate ligand. RSC Adv 2021; 11:20429-20438. [PMID: 35479884 PMCID: PMC9034020 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02686k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A copper-based metal–organic framework (MOF) was prepared using a new linker, a 5-substituted isophthalic acid bearing a propargyl carbamate group, intended to provide a terminal alkyne function protruding from the material surface to generate supported gold species for potential catalytic applications. The novel material was fully characterized by spectroscopic analyses of different kinds: FTIR, Raman, EDX, and XPS, as well as by thermal and surface area measurements. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction data analysis, in particular, revealed that this MOF, labelled [Cu(1,3-YBDC)]·xH2O (x ∼ 2), where Y stands for the pendant alkYne and BDC for benzene dicarboxylate, contains a complex network of 5-substituted isophthalate anions bound to Cu(ii) centers, arranged in pairs within paddlewheel (or “Chinese lantern”) fragments of Cu2(μ-COO)4(D)2 formulation (D being a neutral Lewis base), with a short Cu⋯Cu distance of 2.633(4) Å. Quite unexpectedly, the apical atom in the paddlewheel structure belongs to the carbamate carbonyl oxygen atom. Such extra coordination by the propargyl carbamate groups drastically reduces the MOF porosity, a feature that was also confirmed by BET measurements. However, the MOF functionality is retained at the external crystal surface where 2% of active terminal alkynes is located. A copper-based metal–organic framework with a novel 5-substituted isophthalic linker bearing a propargyl carbamate group protruding from the material surface.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Cassani
- Dept. of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Bologna University Viale Risorgimento 4 I-40136 Bologna Italy +39 051 2093700 +39 051 2093623
| | - Francesca Gambassi
- Dept. of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Bologna University Viale Risorgimento 4 I-40136 Bologna Italy +39 051 2093700 +39 051 2093623
| | - Barbara Ballarin
- Dept. of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Bologna University Viale Risorgimento 4 I-40136 Bologna Italy +39 051 2093700 +39 051 2093623
| | - Daniele Nanni
- Dept. of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Bologna University Viale Risorgimento 4 I-40136 Bologna Italy +39 051 2093700 +39 051 2093623
| | - Ilaria Ragazzini
- Dept. of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", Bologna University Viale Risorgimento 4 I-40136 Bologna Italy +39 051 2093700 +39 051 2093623
| | - Davide Barreca
- CNR-ICMATE, INSTM, Dept. of Chemical Sciences, Padova University Via Marzolo 1 I-35131 Padova Italy
| | - Chiara Maccato
- Dept. of Chemical Sciences, Padova University, INSTM Via Marzolo 1 I-35131 Padova Italy
| | - Antonietta Guagliardi
- Institute of Crystallography, To.Sca.Lab, National Research Council via Valleggio 11 I-22100 Como Italy
| | - Norberto Masciocchi
- Dept. of Science and High Technology, To.Sca.Lab., University of Insubria via Valleggio 11 I-22100 Como Italy
| | - Alessandro Kovtun
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, (CNR-ISOF) Via P. Gobetti 101 I-40129 Bologna Italy
| | - Katia Rubini
- Dept. of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Bologna University Via Selmi 2 I-40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Elisa Boanini
- Dept. of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Bologna University Via Selmi 2 I-40126 Bologna Italy
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35
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Abstract
Eutectic, co-amorphous, cocrystal, and physical mixtures of curcumin with basic amino acids are prepared and characterized by PXRD, DSC, NMR, FT-IR, and SEM; solubility and dissolution improvement achieved in 40% ethanol–water system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anilkumar Gunnam
- School of Chemistry
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500 046
- India
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