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Chuang AEY, Chen YL, Nguyen HT, Lu HT, Liu CH. Sequential management of burn wound healing stages through biointelligence-inspired platelet extracellular vesicle-encapsulated photodynamic diferuloylmethane. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:16089-16106. [PMID: 39092551 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01500b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The process of wound healing is a complex, multi-phase phenomenon crucial for optimal tissue regeneration. Traditional drug delivery systems often target specific phases of wound repair, neglecting the dynamic interplay among the stages. This limitation highlights the need for comprehensive delivery systems that cater to the holistic needs of wound healing, enhancing tissue regeneration efficiency. Herein, we explored the utility of platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (pEVs) as carriers for the phototherapeutic diferuloylmethane (DIF), resulting in a formulation termed DIF@pEVs, which is designed to sequentially address the distinct phases of wound healing. Initially, upon exposure to light, administered DIF@pEVs generate photodynamic therapy-derived reactive oxygen species during the early inflammatory phase. This generation of ROS aims to modulate the inflammatory response, induce the protective mechanisms of heat shock proteins, and kickstart the tissue regeneration process. Following this initial phase, the remaining DIF and pEVs persist in promoting tissue repair and regeneration. Ultimately, it reduces inflammation, speeds up the healing process, and promotes vascular and follicular formation in a model of burn wound skin damage, thereby supporting skin regeneration. The deployment of DIF@pEVs represents an advancement in regenerative medicine, providing a precise, versatile approach to fostering regeneration across a wide range of clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E-Y Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
| | - Yo-Lin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hieu Trung Nguyen
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Hsien-Tsung Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Liu
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Taipei Medical University Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 291 Zhongzheng Road, Zhonghe District, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
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Zeng H, Zeng X, Wang C, Wang G, Tian Q, Zhao J, Zhao L, Li R, Luo Y, Peng H, Zhang Z, Li X, Wu X. Combination therapy using Cel-CSO/Taxol NPs for reversing drug resistance in breast cancer through inhibiting PI3K/AKT/NF-κB/HIF-1α pathway. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01653-3. [PMID: 38922561 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01653-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The resistance of malignant tumors to multiple drugs is a significant obstacle in cancer treatment and prognosis. Accordingly, we synthesized a celastrol (Cel) prodrug (Cel-CSO) by conjugating chitosan oligosaccharides (CSO) to Cel for reversing Taxol resistance in chemotherapy, followed by self-assembly with Taxol into a novel nanoplatform of Cel-CSO/Taxol nanoparticles (termed NPs). NPs showed a suitable size (about 153 nm), excellent stability and prolonged release of Cel and Taxol in a manner that depended on both pH and time. NPs effectively inhibited the overexpression of multidrug resistance-related protein P-gp, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and triggered the MCF-7/Taxol cell apoptosis through inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB/HIF-1α pathway. In tumor-bearing mice, NPs exhibited significant curative effects in inducing apoptosis of MCF-7/Taxol tumors which showed a low expression level of P-gp, microtubule-related proteins TUBB3 and Tau. The results indicated that NPs may be a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance caused by P-gp, which improve the antitumor effects in drug-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahui Zeng
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiaohu Zeng
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Can Wang
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Qikang Tian
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Lingzhou Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Ruiqin Li
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Haotian Peng
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Xiangxiang Wu
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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Salazar Villavicencio AM, Zapata-Sifuentes M. [Effectiveness of curcumin as photodynamic therapy for endodontic procedures: a narrative review]. REVISTA CIENTÍFICA ODONTOLÓGICA 2024; 12:e200. [PMID: 39119127 PMCID: PMC11304859 DOI: 10.21142/2523-2754-1202-2024-200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Endodontic therapy is performed by biomechanical preparation and intracanal medication; however, residual bacteria can be compromised due to their ability to adhere to the root canal walls. Therefore, photodynamic therapy has gained popularity because of its good ability to prevent and eradicate microbial infections by using a light-activated dye. Objective: Analyze and to update the information on the effect of curcumin in photodynamic therapy in root canal treatment. Material and Methods A literature search was carried out in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Ebsco, Science Direct, and LILACS databases using the keywords "curcumin", "turmeric", "photodynamic", "photochemotherapy", "photoradiation", "photoactivated disinfection", "root canal disinfection", "root canal therapy", "endodontics" in both Spanish and English, from 2018 to 2023. Results Information from the last five years was collected with the aim of updating the study topic. 749 articles were examined using inclusion and exclusion criteria, of which only 50 met these criteria and were analyzed. Current studies show the effects of therapy on the contamination of the root canal biofilm with E. faecalis, demonstrating that photoactivated curcumin promotes the disruption of the biofilm and reduction of Colony-Forming Units. Conclusions Curcumin as a photosensitizer demonstrates a potential antibacterial effect significantly decreasing the viability of microbial cells and the vitality of biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauricio Zapata-Sifuentes
- Universidad Científica del Sur. Lima, Perú. Universidad Científica del Sur Universidad Científica del Sur Lima Peru
- Universidad Científica del Sur. Lima, Perú. Universidad Científica del Sur Universidad Científica del Sur Lima Peru
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M D, T N U, Eswaramoorthy R. In Vitro Exploration of Dark Cytotoxicity of Anthocyanin-Curcumin Combination, A Herbal Photosensitizer. Cureus 2024; 16:e56714. [PMID: 38646222 PMCID: PMC11032689 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy can be used to treat a variety of lesions noninvasively, including oral cancer. High-power laser therapy has also been used to treat oral squamous cell carcinomas. The two main components of photodynamic treatment are the photosensitizer and the light source. Herbal formulations of photosensitizers are used to mask the disadvantages of other photosensitizers. METHODOLOGY A methanol-diluted 25 grams of Punica granatum was used to create an anthocyanin extract using the flash evaporation method. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as the first dilution agent for curcumin; later further dilution was done with distilled water. Following that, MCF-7 cells (a cancer cell line) were cultured with the produced samples, and the mono-tetrazolium salt (MTT) assay was used to determine the vitality of the cells. RESULTS Cell reduction was significantly evident in all three groups, but the most significant cell death was found in the anthocyanin-curcumin group, at 29%. CONCLUSION The combination of anthocyanin-curcumin has one of the photophysical properties (dark cytotoxicity) and hence can aid as a photosensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya M
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Umamaheswari T N
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy
- Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Ji M, Wang Y, Su W, Chen L, Liu Y, Yang Y, Fei Y, Ma J, Chen Y, Mi L. Enhancing the photodynamic effect of curcumin through modification with TiO 2 nanoparticles and cationic polymers. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 252:112851. [PMID: 38306801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR), a natural compound extracted from turmeric, has shown potential as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT). The aim of this work was to enhance the efficacy of CUR by modifying it using titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles and a cationic polymer called Sofast to create a nanocomposite TiO2-CUR-Sofast (TCS). Compared to unmodified CUR, TCS exhibited a broadening toward longer wavelength in the absorption wavelength within the 400-550 nm range, leading to improved CUR absorption. Cellular uptake efficiency of TCS was also enhanced, and it demonstrated nearly 4.7-fold higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation than CUR. Furthermore, TCS displayed the ability to attach to the cell membrane and enter cells within a 30-min incubation period. Upon irradiation, TCS exhibited remarkable cytotoxicity, resulting in a significant reduction in the viability of various cancer cells. Autofluorescence lifetime imaging of intracellular reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) enzymes indicated that cancer cells treated with TCS and irradiation undergo a metabolic pathway shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. These findings highlight the potential of TCS as an effective PDT agent for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmei Ji
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yulan Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, China
| | - Wenhua Su
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Liwen Chen
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuzhe Liu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuwei Yang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yiyan Fei
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiong Ma
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, The Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems (MRICS), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, China.
| | - Lan Mi
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Shahmoradi M, Narimani T, Najafi F, Asadi Y, Fekrazad R. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with dendrosomal curcumin and blue laser against Porphyromonas gingivalis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 44:103825. [PMID: 37797908 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the loss of tooth-supporting structures. Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the main pathogens responsible for periodontitis. Because of the limitations of antibiotic use, various alternative approaches have been developed. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy uses photosensitizers and light to eliminate pathogens. Curcumin is a promising photosensitizer, but has low bioavailability and water solubility. However, dendrosomes can efficiently encapsulate curcumin, overcoming these obstacles. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy with blue laser and dendrosomal curcumin against Porphyromonas gingivalis. METHODS In this in vitro experiment, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of dendrosomal curcumin was determined using a serial dilution approach. Porphyromonas gingivalis suspensions were subjected to blue laser irradiation (447 nm, output power 100 mW) for 30 to 180 s. Finally, several subMIC dendrosomal curcumin concentrations and blue laser irradiation periods were applied to the bacterial suspensions. The negative control group received no therapy, whereas the positive control group was treated with 0.2% chlorhexidine. Consequently, the colony count of each group was calculated. RESULTS Treatment of Porphyromonas gingivalis with dendrosomal Curcumin at concentrations of 8-250 μg/mL significantly reduced bacterial growth compared to untreated group. 90 second exposure to a blue laser (31.8 J/cm2) completely inhibited the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Blue laser irradiation for 60 s (21.2 J/cm2) markedly reduced bacterial growth but did not completely prevent its survival. Photodynamic therapy using dendrosomal curcumin at concentrations of 2-4 μg/mL and irradiation for 30-90 s resulted in complete eradication of Porphyromonas gingivalis compared to controls (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The reduction in survival of Porphyromonas gingivalis following photodynamic therapy with dendrosomal curcumin and blue laser indicates that this technique could be a useful approach to eradicate Porphyromonas gingivalis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Shahmoradi
- Periodontology Department, Dental faculty, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Narimani
- Department of Microbiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farrokh Najafi
- Biomaterial Engineering Faculty, Amir Kabir University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasin Asadi
- Periodontology Department, Dental faculty, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Science Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Thapa Magar TB, Lee J, Lee JH, Jeon J, Gurung P, Lim J, Kim YW. Novel Chlorin e6-Curcumin Derivatives as a Potential Photosensitizer: Synthesis, Characterization, and Anticancer Activity. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1577. [PMID: 37376026 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel series of chlorin e6-curcumin derivatives were designed and synthesized. All the synthesized compounds 16, 17, 18, and 19 were tested for their photodynamic treatment (PDT) efficacy against human pancreatic cancer cell lines: AsPC-1, MIA-PaCa-2, and PANC-1. The cellular uptake study was performed in the aforementioned cell lines using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). 17, among the synthesized compounds with IC50 values of 0.27, 0.42, and 0.21 µM against AsPC-1, MIA PaCa-2, and PANC-1 cell lines, respectively, demonstrated excellent cellular internalization capability and exhibited higher phototoxicity relative to the parent Ce6. The quantitative analyses using Annexin V-PI staining revealed that the 17-PDT-induced apoptosis was dose-dependent. In pancreatic cell lines, 17 reduced the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, and increased the pro-apoptotic protein, cytochrome C, which indicates the activation of intrinsic apoptosis, the primary cause of cancer cell death. Structure-activity relationship studies have shown that the incorporation of additional methyl ester moiety and conjugation to the enone moiety of curcumin enhances cellular uptake and PDT efficacy. Moreover, in vivo PDT testing in melanoma mouse models revealed that 17-PDT greatly reduced tumor growth. Therefore, 17 might be an effective photosensitizer for PDT anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jusuk Lee
- A&J Science Co., Ltd., Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Jeon
- Dongsung Cancer Center, Dongsung Biopharmaceutical, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Pallavi Gurung
- Dongsung Cancer Center, Dongsung Biopharmaceutical, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Junmo Lim
- Dongsung Cancer Center, Dongsung Biopharmaceutical, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Wan Kim
- Dongsung Cancer Center, Dongsung Biopharmaceutical, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
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Ailioaie LM, Ailioaie C, Litscher G. Synergistic Nanomedicine: Photodynamic, Photothermal and Photoimmune Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Fulfilling the Myth of Prometheus? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098308. [PMID: 37176014 PMCID: PMC10179579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, with high morbidity and mortality, which seriously threatens the health and life expectancy of patients. The traditional methods of treatment by surgical ablation, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and more recently immunotherapy have not given the expected results in HCC. New integrative combined therapies, such as photothermal, photodynamic, photoimmune therapy (PTT, PDT, PIT), and smart multifunctional platforms loaded with nanodrugs were studied in this review as viable solutions in the synergistic nanomedicine of the future. The main aim was to reveal the latest findings and open additional avenues for accelerating the adoption of innovative approaches for the multi-target management of HCC. High-tech experimental medical applications in the molecular and cellular research of photosensitizers, novel light and laser energy delivery systems and the features of photomedicine integration via PDT, PTT and PIT in immuno-oncology, from bench to bedside, were introspected. Near-infrared PIT as a treatment of HCC has been developed over the past decade based on novel targeted molecules to selectively suppress cancer cells, overcome immune blocking barriers, initiate a cascade of helpful immune responses, and generate distant autoimmune responses that inhibit metastasis and recurrences, through high-tech and intelligent real-time monitoring. The process of putting into effect new targeted molecules and the intelligent, multifunctional solutions for therapy will bring patients new hope for a longer life or even a cure, and the fulfillment of the myth of Prometheus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marinela Ailioaie
- Department of Medical Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Boulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Constantin Ailioaie
- Department of Medical Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Boulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gerhard Litscher
- President of the International Society for Medical Laser Applications (ISLA Transcontinental), German Vice President of the German-Chinese Research Foundation (DCFG) for TCM, Honorary President of the European Federation of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Societies, 8053 Graz, Austria
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Ailioaie LM, Ailioaie C, Litscher G. Photobiomodulation in Alzheimer's Disease-A Complementary Method to State-of-the-Art Pharmaceutical Formulations and Nanomedicine? Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:916. [PMID: 36986776 PMCID: PMC10054386 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), as a neurodegenerative disorder, usually develops slowly but gradually worsens. It accounts for approximately 70% of dementia cases worldwide, and is recognized by WHO as a public health priority. Being a multifactorial disease, the origins of AD are not satisfactorily understood. Despite huge medical expenditures and attempts to discover new pharmaceuticals or nanomedicines in recent years, there is no cure for AD and not many successful treatments are available. The current review supports introspection on the latest scientific results from the specialized literature regarding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of brain photobiomodulation, as a complementary method with implications in AD. State-of-the-art pharmaceutical formulations, development of new nanoscale materials, bionanoformulations in current applications and perspectives in AD are highlighted. Another goal of this review was to discover and to speed transition to completely new paradigms for the multi-target management of AD, to facilitate brain remodeling through new therapeutic models and high-tech medical applications with light or lasers in the integrative nanomedicine of the future. In conclusion, new insights from this interdisciplinary approach, including the latest results from photobiomodulation (PBM) applied in human clinical trials, combined with the latest nanoscale drug delivery systems to easily overcome protective brain barriers, could open new avenues to rejuvenate our central nervous system, the most fascinating and complex organ. Picosecond transcranial laser stimulation could be successfully used to cross the blood-brain barrier together with the latest nanotechnologies, nanomedicines and drug delivery systems in AD therapy. Original, smart and targeted multifunctional solutions and new nanodrugs may soon be developed to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marinela Ailioaie
- Department of Medical Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Boulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Constantin Ailioaie
- Department of Medical Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Boulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gerhard Litscher
- President of ISLA (International Society for Medical Laser Applications), Research Unit of Biomedical Engineering in Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit for Complementary and Integrative Laser Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Research Center Graz, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 39, 8036 Graz, Austria
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Kah G, Chandran R, Abrahamse H. Curcumin a Natural Phenol and Its Therapeutic Role in Cancer and Photodynamic Therapy: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020639. [PMID: 36839961 PMCID: PMC9962422 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer continues to cause an alarming number of deaths globally, and its burden on the health system is significant. Though different conventional therapeutic procedures are exploited for cancer treatment, the prevalence and death rates remain elevated. These, therefore, insinuate that novel and more efficient treatment procedures are needed for cancer. Curcumin, a bioactive, natural, phenolic compound isolated from the rhizome of the herbaceous plant turmeric, is receiving great interest for its exciting and broad pharmacological properties. Curcumin presents anticancer therapeutic capacities and can be utilized as a photosensitizing drug in cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT). Nonetheless, curcumin's poor bioavailability and related pharmacokinetics limit its clinical utility in cancer treatment. This review looks at the physical and chemical properties, bioavailability, and safety of curcumin, while focusing on curcumin as an agent in cancer therapy and as a photosensitizer in cancer PDT. The possible mechanisms and cellular targets of curcumin in cancer therapy and PDT are highlighted. Furthermore, recent improvements in curcumin's bioavailability in cancer therapy using nanoformulations and delivery systems are presented.
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Vinothini K, Dhilip Kumar SS, Abrahamse H, Rajan M. Synergistic effect of polymer functionalized graphene oxide system for breast cancer treatment. Int J Pharm 2023; 632:122556. [PMID: 36584864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The multifaceted drug carrier system is an emerging trend in delivering chemotherapeutic drugs and photosensitizers for the synergistic effect. In this work, we have designed a functionalized graphene oxide (GO) based carrier system for combined chemo-photodynamic therapeutic effects. Doxorubicin (DOX) and rose bengal (RB) were entrapped on the surface of GO via hydrophobic and π-π stacking interactions. The functional group determination, crystalline properties, surface morphology, and hydrodynamic size were evaluated using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, AFM, and DLS analysis. At 24 h, the entrapment efficiency was 65 % DOX and 40.92 % RB, and the loading capacities were 16.9 % DOX and 5.68 % RB observed at 30 min. The drug release percentage was higher in pH-2.6 rather than in pH-5.5, 6.8, and 7.4 pH environments. The in-vitro toxicity analysis using the LDH assay reveals that the DOX and RB co-loaded carriers had a significant cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells, indicating that the carrier could improve the therapeutic efficacy of DOX. Morphological changes were studied using inverted light microscopy; the cells were irradiated with a laser 525 nm 10 J/cm2 for 2 min 51 sec, and it was observed that the DOX and RB co-loaded carrier with laser-irradiated cells exposed the high-level morphological changes with the occurrence of apoptotic cell death. Compared to free DOX, the DOX/RB co-loaded carrier + laser had an efficient anticancer activity, as confirmed by DAPI staining cell uptake, flow cytometry, and intracellular ROS generation analysis. The DOX and RB co-loaded carrier clearly exhibits the RB-mediated photodynamic action on MCF-7 cells in response to external laser light irradiation. It permits an on-demand dual-payload release to trigger an instantaneous photodynamic and chemo treatment for cancer cell eradication. Finally, the ensuing dual-agent release is probable to successfully fight cancer via a synergistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandasamy Vinothini
- Biomaterials in Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathish Sundar Dhilip Kumar
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Mariappan Rajan
- Biomaterials in Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India.
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12
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An Overview of Potential Natural Photosensitizers in Cancer Photodynamic Therapy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010224. [PMID: 36672732 PMCID: PMC9855789 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide. There are several different types of cancer recognized thus far, which can be treated by different approaches including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or a combination thereof. However, these approaches have certain drawbacks and limitations. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is regarded as an alternative noninvasive approach for cancer treatment based on the generation of toxic oxygen (known as reactive oxygen species (ROS)) at the treatment site. PDT requires photoactivation by a photosensitizer (PS) at a specific wavelength (λ) of light in the vicinity of molecular oxygen (singlet oxygen). The cell death mechanisms adopted in PDT upon PS photoactivation are necrosis, apoptosis and stimulation of the immune system. Over the past few decades, the use of natural compounds as a photoactive agent for the selective eradication of neoplastic lesions has attracted researchers' attention. Many reviews have focused on the PS cell death mode of action and photonanomedicine approaches for PDT, while limited attention has been paid to the photoactivation of phytocompounds. Photoactivation is ever-present in nature and also found in natural plant compounds. The availability of various laser light setups can play a vital role in the discovery of photoactive phytocompounds that can be used as a natural PS. Exploring phytocompounds for their photoactive properties could reveal novel natural compounds that can be used as a PS in future pharmaceutical research. In this review, we highlight the current research regarding several photoactive phytocompound classes (furanocoumarins, alkaloids, poly-acetylenes and thiophenes, curcumins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, and natural extracts) and their photoactive potential to encourage researchers to focus on studies of natural agents and their use as a potent PS to enhance the efficiency of PDT.
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13
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Fabio GB, Martin BA, Dalmolin LF, Lopez RFV. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and the advances impacted by the association with nanoparticles. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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14
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Zverev AS, Ilyakova NN, Nurmukhametov DR, Dudnikova YN, Russakov DM, Pugachev VM, Mitrofanov AY. Iron and Copper Doped Zinc Oxide Nanopowders as a Sensitizer of Industrial Energetic Materials to Visible Laser Radiation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4176. [PMID: 36500799 PMCID: PMC9736272 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of methods ensuring reliable control over explosive chemical reactions is a critical task for the safe and efficient application of energetic materials. Triggering the explosion by laser radiation is one of the promising methods. In this work, we demonstrate a technique of applying the common industrial high explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) as a photosensitive energetic material by adding zinc oxide nanopowders doped with copper and iron. Nanopowders of ZnO:Fe and ZnO:Cu able to absorb visible light were synthesized. The addition of one mass percent nanopowders in PETN decreased the threshold energy density of its initiation through Nd:YAG laser second harmonic (2.33 eV) by more than five times. The obtained energetic composites can be reliably initiated by a CW blue laser diode with a wavelength of 450 nm and power of 21 W. The low threshold initiation energy and short irradiation exposure of the PETN-ZnO:Cu composite makes it applicable in laser initiation devices. PETN-ZnO:Cu also can be initiated by an infrared laser diode with a wavelength of 808 nm. The proposed photochemical mechanism of the laser-induced triggering of the explosion reaction in the studied energetic composites was formulated. The results demonstrate the high promise of using nanomaterials based on zinc oxide as a sensitizer of industrial energetic materials to visible laser radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton S. Zverev
- The Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Institute of Coal Chemistry and Chemical Materials Science, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Natalya N. Ilyakova
- Institute of Fundamental Science, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Denis R. Nurmukhametov
- The Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Institute of Coal Chemistry and Chemical Materials Science, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Yulia N. Dudnikova
- The Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Institute of Coal Chemistry and Chemical Materials Science, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Dmitry M. Russakov
- Institute of Fundamental Science, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Valery M. Pugachev
- Institute of Fundamental Science, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Anatoly Y. Mitrofanov
- Institute of Fundamental Science, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
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ROS-Responsive Chlorin e6 and Silk Fibroin Loaded Ultrathin Magnetic Hydroxyapatite Nanorods for T1-Magnetic Resonance Imaging Guided Photodynamic Therapy In Vitro. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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Chen X, Li Q, Huang Z, Lin W, Ma Y. Construction and evaluation of curcumin upconversion nanocarriers decorated with MnO 2 for tumor photodynamic therapy. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:2678-2692. [PMID: 35061221 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01118-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The limited tissue penetration depth and tumor hypoxic microenvironment have become the two pivotal obstacles that alleviate the antineoplastic efficacy in tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT). In the research, MnO2-decorated upconversion nanoparticles (UCSMn) have been designed to generate certain oxygen within the solid tumor, and also increase the light penetrating depth due to the optical conversion ability derived from upconversion nanoparticles. Furthermore, upconversion nanoparticles as the inner core are coated by mesoporous silica for the loading of curcumin as photosensitizer and chemotherapeutics, and then a MnO2 shell is proceeding to grow via redox method. When reaching the tumor tissue, the MnO2 nanoshells of UCSMn could be rapidly degraded into manganese ions (Mn2+) owing to the reaction with H2O2 in acidic tumor microenvironment, meanwhile producing oxygen and facilitating curcumin release. Once the tumor is illuminated by 980 nm light, the upconversion nanoparticles can transform the infrared light to visible light of 450 nm and 475.5 nm, which can be efficiently absorbed by curcumin, and then produce singlet oxygen to induce tumor cell apoptosis. Curcumin played a dual role which can not only be acted as a photosensitizer, but also a chemotherapeutic agent to further reinforce the antitumor activity. In short, the intelligent nanostructure has the potential to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings existed in PDT and eventually do work well in the hypoxia tumors. MnO2-decorated upconversion nanoparticle to solve the tissue penetration and tumor hypoxic microenvironment for tumor photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quandong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zipeng Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Preis E, Wojcik M, Litscher G, Bakowsky U. Editorial on the “Special Issue in Honor of Dr. Michael Weber’s 70th Birthday: Photodynamic Therapy: Rising Star in Pharmaceutical Applications”. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091786. [PMID: 36145534 PMCID: PMC9500869 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thousands of years ago, phototherapy or heliotherapy was performed by ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans [...]
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Preis
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (M.W.); (G.L.); (U.B.)
| | - Matthias Wojcik
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (M.W.); (G.L.); (U.B.)
| | - Gerhard Litscher
- President of ISLA (International Society for Medical Laser Applications), Research Unit of Biomedical Engineering in Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit for Complementary and Integrative Laser Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Research Center Graz, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 39, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (M.W.); (G.L.); (U.B.)
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (M.W.); (G.L.); (U.B.)
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18
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The Potential Application of Natural Photosensitizers Used in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy against Oral Infections. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060767. [PMID: 35745686 PMCID: PMC9227410 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral health problems and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance among pathogenic bacterial strains have become major global challenges and are essential elements that negatively affect general well-being. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is based on a light source and oxygen that activates a nontoxic photosensitizer, resulting in microbial destruction. Synthetic and natural products can be used to help the APDT against oral microorganisms. The undesirable consequences of conventional photosensitizers, including toxicity, and cost encourage researchers to explore new promising photosensitizers based on natural compounds such as curcumin, chlorella, chlorophyllin, phycocyanin, 5-aminolevulinic acid, and riboflavin. In this review, we summarize in vitro studies describing the potential use of APDT therapy conjugated with some natural products against selected microorganisms that are considered to be responsible for oral infections.
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Kulbacka J, Wilk KA, Bazylińska U, Dubińska-Magiera M, Potoczek S, Saczko J. Curcumin Loaded Nanocarriers with Varying Charges Augmented with Electroporation Designed for Colon Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031377. [PMID: 35163301 PMCID: PMC8836164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The size and surface charge are the most significant parameters of nanocarriers that determine their efficiency and potential application. The poor cell uptake of encapsulated drugs is the main limitation in anticancer treatment. The well-defined properties of nanocarriers will enable to target specific tissue and deliver an active cargo. (2) Methods: In the current study, poly(D,L -lactide) (PLA) nanocarriers loaded with curcumin (CUR) and differing surface charge were evaluated for transport efficacy in combination with electroporation (EP) in dependence on the type of cells. The obtained CUR-loaded nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 195 to 334 nm (derived from dynamic light scattering (DLS)) were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) (morphology and shape) and Doppler electrophoresis (ζ-potential) as well as UV-vis spectroscopy (CUR encapsulation efficiency (about 90%) and photobleaching rate). The drug delivery properties of the obtained PLA nanocarriers enhanced by electroporation were assessed in human colon cancer cells (LoVo), excitable normal rat muscle cells (L6), and free of voltage-gated ion channels cells (CHO-K1). CLSM studies, viability, and ROS release were performed to determine the biological effects of nanocarriers. (3) Results: The highest photodynamic activity indicated anionic nanocarriers (1a) stabilized by C12(COONa)2 surfactant. Nanocarriers were cytotoxic for LoVo cells and less cytotoxic for normal cells. ROS release increased in cancer cells with the increasing electric field intensity, irradiation, and time after EP. Muscle L6 cells were less sensitive to electric pulses. (4) Conclusions: EP stimulation for CUR-PLA nanocarriers transport was considered to improve the regulated and more effective delivery of nanosystems differing in surface charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A St., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-784-06-92
| | - Kazimiera A. Wilk
- Department of Engineering and Technology of Chemical Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Urszula Bazylińska
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Magda Dubińska-Magiera
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Wroclaw, Sienkiewicza 21, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Stanisław Potoczek
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Saczko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A St., 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Litscher G. Von der Laserakupunktur zur Photobiomodulation — Highlights der Grundlagenforschung. AKUPUNKTUR & AURIKULOMEDIZIN 2021. [PMCID: PMC8720463 DOI: 10.1007/s15009-021-5748-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Laserakupunktur (LA) und Photobiomodulation (PBM) werden weltweit angewendet, bei wissenschaftlichen Studien ist aber nach wie vor Bedarf gegeben. Ziel dieser kurzen Übersichtsarbeit ist es, Fortschritte der Grundlagenforschung auf diesem für die evidenzbasierte Komplementärmedizin wichtigen Gebiet aufzuzeigen und Highlights der Grundlagenforschung in den Fokus der Aufmerksamkeit zu stellen. Unsere moderne Gesellschaft benötigt Verfahren, die wissenschaftlich geprüft sind und zuverlässige Ergebnisse bei den Behandlungen der Patientinnen und Patienten liefern. LA und PBM erfüllen einige Kriterien dafür, wenngleich sie (noch) nicht uneingeschränkt in der sogenannten „Mainstream“-Medizin verwendet werden können. Gründe dafür werden in dem Artikel aufgezeigt; anhand von Beispielen sollen mögliche Forschungsfelder und Indikationen der Verfahren identifiziert und dargestellt werden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Litscher
- Leiter der Forschungseinheit für Biomedizinische Technik in Anästhesie und Intensivmedizin, der Forschungseinheit für Komplementäre und Integrative Lasermedizin, Chairman des TCM Forschungszentrums Graz, Medizinische Universität Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 39, EG19, 8036 Graz, Österreich
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Linarin, a Glycosylated Flavonoid, with Potential Therapeutic Attributes: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111104. [PMID: 34832886 PMCID: PMC8621830 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many flavonoids, as eminent phenolic compounds, have been commercialized and consumed as dietary supplements due to their incredible human health benefits. In the present study, a bioactive flavone glycoside linarin (LN) was designated to comprehensively overview its phytochemical and biological properties. LN has been characterized abundantly in the Cirsium, Micromeria, and Buddleja species belonging to Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, and Scrophulariaceae families, respectively. Biological assessments exhibited promising activities of LN, particularly, the remedial effects on central nervous system (CNS) disorders, whereas the remarkable sleep enhancing and sedative effects as well as AChE (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitory activity were highlighted. Of note, LN has indicated promising anti osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, thus a bone formation effect. Further biological and pharmacological assessments of LN and its optimized semi-synthetic derivatives, specifically its therapeutic characteristics on osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, might lead to uncovering potential drug candidates.
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