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Vaglica A, Badalamenti N, Ilardi V, Bruno M. The chemical composition of the aerial parts essential oil of four Phagnalon species collected in Sicily (Italy) and Greece. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1471-1477. [PMID: 36441179 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2150849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The genus Phagnalon Cass., included in the Asteraceae family, has a wide distribution, expanding from Macaronesia in the West to the Himalayas in the East, from South France and Nord Italy to Ethiopia and Arabian Peninsula. Various species of Phagnalon have been used in the popular medicine of several countries as medicinal herbs and food. The extracts and the secondary metabolites, have a varied application spectrum at several biological levels, with antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antitumor, etc. properties having been reported. The essential oils of four taxa, Phagnalon rupestre, Phagnalon saxatile var. viride, and Phagnalon rupestre subsp. illyricum var. metlesicsii collected in Sicily (Italy), never previously investigated, and of Phagnalon graecum collected in Greece, were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). All the oils were very rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons, with β-pinene as main constituent. Chemotaxonomic considerations with respect to all the other oils of Phagnalon taxa were carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Vaglica
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Natale Badalamenti
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ilardi
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Riutilizzo bio-based degli scarti da matrici agroalimentari" (RIVIVE), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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2
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Scognamiglio M, Maresca V, Basile A, Pacifico S, Fiorentino A, Bruno M, Badalamenti N, Kapelusz M, Marino P, Capasso L, Bontempo P, Bazan G. Phytochemical Characterization, Antioxidant, and Anti-Proliferative Activities of Wild and Cultivated Nigella damascena Species Collected in Sicily (Italy). Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:402. [PMID: 38671850 PMCID: PMC11047655 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of Nigella damascena seeds in the culinary field or as aerial parts infusions in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields is widely reported. The biological activity of this plant, as demonstrated over the years, is closely related to its phytochemical content. This investigation focused on the comparative study of the same plants of N. damascena, one totally wild (WND), while the other two, one with white flowers (CWND) and the other with blue flowers (CBND), were subject to cultivation, irrigation, and manual weeding. Using the potential of 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopy, coupled with MS/MS spectrometric studies, the three methanolic extracts of N. damascena were investigated. Chemical studies have highlighted the presence of triterpene saponin compounds and various glycosylated flavonoids. Finally, the in vitro antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of the three individual extracts were evaluated. The antiproliferative activity performed on U-937, HL-60, and MCF-7 tumor cell lines highlighted a greater anticancer effect of the CBND and CWND extracts compared to the data obtained using WND. The antioxidant activity, however, performed to quantify ROS generation is comparable among the extracts used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Scognamiglio
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (M.S.); (S.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Viviana Maresca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Adriana Basile
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Severina Pacifico
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (M.S.); (S.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Antonio Fiorentino
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (M.S.); (S.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (M.B.); (G.B.)
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Riutilizzo Bio-Based Degli Scarti da Matrici Agroalimentari” (RIVIVE), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Natale Badalamenti
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (M.B.); (G.B.)
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marta Kapelusz
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80210 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | | | - Lucia Capasso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Paola Bontempo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Bazan
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (M.B.); (G.B.)
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Riutilizzo Bio-Based Degli Scarti da Matrici Agroalimentari” (RIVIVE), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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D'Agostino G, Cicio A, Vaglica A, Ilardi V, Bruno M. The chemical composition of the aerial parts essential oil of Ammi crinitum Guss. (Apiaceae) endemic of Sicily (Italy). Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:354-358. [PMID: 36047989 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2117175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Ammi L. is a small genus of economically important plants belonging to Apiaceae family that includes only six taxa. In the present study the chemical composition of the essential oil from aerial parts of Ammi crinitum Guss., a very rare plant, endemic of Sicily, was analyzed by GC-MS. No previously paper has been published on this species. The results showed the presence of large quantity of monoterpene hydrocarbons with sabinene (63.9%), as the most abundant component. Other metabolites present in good quantity were γ-terpinene (8.0%), and 4-terpineol (3.7%). Based on the composition of the essential oil of all the other Ammi taxa, several considerations have been carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia D'Agostino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Adele Cicio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vaglica
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ilardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Riutilizzo bio-based degli scarti da matrici agroalimentari" (RIVIVE), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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4
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Vaglica A, D'Agostino G, Bazan G, Bruno M. The chemical composition of the aerial parts essential oil of Lonas annua (L.) Vines & Druce (Asteraceae). Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:331-335. [PMID: 36054828 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2116023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Lonas annua (L.) Vines & Druce (Asteraceae), commonly known as African Daisy or Yellow Ageratum is a rare therophyte native to northwestern Africa (Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia) and Italy (Sicily and Sardinia). In the present study, the chemical composition of the essential oil from aerial parts of Lonas annua was analyzed by GC-MS. No one report has been previously published on the essential oil of this species. The results showed the presence of large quantity of two unusual metabolites 2,3-dihydrofarnesol (41.64%), and acenaphthene (36.18%). Chemotaxonomic considerations were carried out in order to confirm the phylogenetic reconstructions of Anthemideae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Vaglica
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia D'Agostino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bazan
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Riutilizzo bio-based degli scarti da matrici agroalimentari" (RIVIVE), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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5
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Badalamenti N, Vaglica A, Maggio A, Bruno M. A new ferulol derivative isolated from the aerial parts of Ferulago nodosa (L.) Boiss. growing in Sicily (Italy). Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3290-3296. [PMID: 35561229 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2074995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Ferulago nodosa (L.) Boiss. (Apiaceae) is a species occurring in the Balkan-Tyrrhenian area being present in Crete, Greece, Albania, and probably in Macedonia. Although the western disjointed population of Sicily has been classified as an endemic sub-species, F. nodosa subsp. geniculata (Guss.) Troia & Raimondo, it is not officially accepted. From the aerial parts of the Sicilian accession of this species four known metabolites (1-4), and a new ferulol derivative (5), were isolated and characterized. The structure of the new compounds was determined by mean of extensive NMR spectroscopic experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natale Badalamenti
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vaglica
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Maggio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Riutilizzo bio-based degli scarti da matrici agroalimentari" (RIVIVE), Università di Palermo, Italy
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Yang D, Song Y, Lu A, Qin L, Tan D, Zhang Q, He Y, Lu Y. Metabolomics-Based Analysis of the Effects of Different Cultivation Strategies on Metabolites of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030389. [PMID: 36984829 PMCID: PMC10059836 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is a famous plant with a high medicinal value which has been recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition). The medicinal properties of D. officinale are based on its chemical composition. However, there are no reports on how different cultivation methods affect its chemical composition. In order to reveal this issue, samples of the D. officinale were collected in this study through tree epiphytic cultivation, stone epiphytic cultivation, and greenhouse cultivation. Polysaccharides were determined by phenol sulfuric acid method and secondary metabolites were detected by the UPLC-MS technique. In addition, with regards to metabolomics, we used multivariate analyses including principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares analysis (OPLS-DA) to screen for differential metabolites which met the conditions of variable importance projection values >1, fold change >4, and p < 0.05. The differential metabolites were taken further for metabolic pathway enrichment analysis, which was based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, and validated by antioxidant activity. Comparing the three groups of samples according to the standards of the ChP (2020 edition), the results showed that the polysaccharide content of the samples from stony epiphytic cultivation and greenhouse cultivation was significantly higher than that of the samples from live tree epiphytic cultivation. Metabolomic analysis revealed that there were 185 differential metabolites among the 3 cultivation methods, with 99 of the differential metabolites being highest in the stone epiphytic cultivation. The results of the metabolic pathway enrichment analysis showed that the different cultivation strategies mainly effected four carbohydrate metabolic pathways, five secondary metabolite synthesis pathways, six amino acid metabolic pathways, one nucleotide metabolism pathway, three cofactor and vitamin metabolism pathways, and one translation pathway in genetic information processing. Furthermore, D. officinale from stone epiphytic cultivation which had the best antioxidant activity was implicated in differential metabolite production. This study revealed the effects of different cultivation methods on the chemical composition of D. officinale and also provided a reference for establishing the quality control standards to aid its development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Yang
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China
| | - Yeyang Song
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China
| | - Anjin Lu
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Lin Qin
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Daopeng Tan
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Qianru Zhang
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yuqi He
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanliu Lu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
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Bazzicalupo M, Calevo J, Smeriglio A, Cornara L. Traditional, Therapeutic Uses and Phytochemistry of Terrestrial European Orchids and Implications for Conservation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12020257. [PMID: 36678970 PMCID: PMC9863304 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Orchidaceae family accounts for about 28,000 species, and most of them are mentioned in the folk medicine of nations around the world. The use of terrestrial orchids in European and Mediterranean regions has been reported since ancient times, but little information is available on their medicinal properties, as well as on their phytochemicals and biological activities. However, plant collection for human use is still listed as one of the main threats for terrestrial orchids, alongside other menacing factors such as wrong habitat management and disturbance to symbionts, such as pollinators and mycorrhizal fungi. Therefore, the primary aim of this review was to resume and discuss available information regarding the past and current popular uses of European orchids. We then grouped phytochemical data to evaluate the presence of bioactive compounds of pharmacological relevance, and we discussed whether these could support the therapeutic employment of the different organs. Finally, we briefly debated the sustainability of orchid utilizations, considering the different threatening factors and conservation actions including plant propagation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Bazzicalupo
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- CREA—Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 18038 Sanremo, Italy
| | - Jacopo Calevo
- Department of Ecosystem Stewardship, Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, KEW, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Cornara
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
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Di Napoli M, Castagliuolo G, Badalamenti N, Maresca V, Basile A, Bruno M, Varcamonti M, Zanfardino A. Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and Antioxidant Properties of Essential Oil of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Leaves. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11243573. [PMID: 36559685 PMCID: PMC9783700 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Foeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae) is an aromatic fennel with important practices in medicinal and traditional fields, used in the treatment of digestive complications, and gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders. Its leaves and stems, tender and fresh, are used in the production of pasta dressing and main courses, while its seeds, with a strong smell of anise, are excellent flavoring for baked goods, meat dishes, fish, and alcoholic beverages. The aim of this work is concerning the extraction of essential oil (EO) from the leaves of F. vulgare subsp. vulgare var. vulgare, investigating antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant efficacy. In particular, GC-MS analysis showed how the chemical composition of EO was influenced by the massive presence of monoterpene hydrocarbons (α-pinene 33.75%) and phenylpropanoids (estragole 25.06%). F. vulgare subsp. vulgare var. vulgare EO shows excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. This EO can inhibit biofilm formation at very low concentrations and has a good ability to scavenge oxygen radicals in vitro. F. vulgare subsp. vulgare var. vulgare EO also has an increased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymes and decreased ROS levels in zymosan opsonized PMNs (OZ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Di Napoli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Giusy Castagliuolo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Natale Badalamenti
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Maresca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Adriana Basile
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Varcamonti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Zanfardino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Badalamenti N, Vaglica A, Maggio A, Bruno M, Quassinti L, Bramucci M, Maggi F. Cytotoxic activity of several ent-kaurane derivatives of atractyligenin. Synthesis of unreported diterpenic skeleton by chemical rearrangement. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 204:113435. [PMID: 36154826 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atractyloside, carboxyatractyloside, their aglycon atractyligenin, and several synthetic derivatives were tested and found to be active against a panel of human tumor cell lines. Atractyligenin was subjected to oxidation, bromination, and elimination reactions, obtaining several compounds. A singular skeleton was synthesized by chemical rearrangement starting from 3β-bromo-2,15-diketoatractyligenin methyl ester. The synthesized compounds resulted active against all cell lines tested. In particular, 15-ketoatractyligenin methyl ester and 3β-bromo-2,15-diketoatractyligenin methyl ester resulted the most active with IC50 values of 0.427 and 0.723 μM against A375 melanoma cell line. Excellent results were also obtained against the colon cancer cell line CaCo2, with slightly lower antiproliferative activity. An interesting extension of the study should be to analyze the atractyligenin derivatives also as target for human melanoma and human colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natale Badalamenti
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, Palermo, 90128, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vaglica
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, Palermo, 90128, Italy
| | - Antonella Maggio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, Palermo, 90128, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, Palermo, 90128, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Riutilizzo bio-based degli scarti da matrici agroalimentari" (RIVIVE), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, Palermo, 90128, Italy.
| | - Luana Quassinti
- School of Pharmacy, Universitiy of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, 62032, Italy
| | - Massimo Bramucci
- School of Pharmacy, Universitiy of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, 62032, Italy
| | - Filippo Maggi
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9/B, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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Napolitano A, Di Napoli M, Castagliuolo G, Badalamenti N, Cicio A, Bruno M, Piacente S, Maresca V, Cianciullo P, Capasso L, Bontempo P, Varcamonti M, Basile A, Zanfardino A. The chemical composition of the aerial parts of Stachys spreitzenhoferi (Lamiaceae) growing in Kythira Island (Greece), and their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiproliferative properties. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 203:113373. [PMID: 35977603 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The Stachys L. genus has been used in traditional medicine to treat skin inflammations, stomach disorders, and stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical profile and biological activity of the methanolic extract of Stachys spreitzenhoferi Heldr. (Lamiaceae) aerial parts, collected on the island of Kythira, South Greece. The analysis by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and high-resolution mass spectrometry [LC-(-)ESI/HRMSn] of the methanol extract revealed the occurrence of thirty-six compounds - flavonoids, phenylethanoid glycosides, iridoids, quinic acid derivatives, aliphatic alcohol glycosides, and oligosaccharides - highlighting the substantial presence, as main peaks, of the iridoid melittoside (2) along with flavonoid compounds such as 4'-O-methylisoscutellarein mono-acetyl-diglycoside/chrysoeriol mono-acetyl-diglycoside (24), trimethoxy- (35) and tetramethoxyflavones (36). This extract was tested for its antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive and negative pathogenic strains. The extract was not active against Gram-negative bacteria tested, but it possessed a good dose-dependent antimicrobial activity towards S. aureus (MIC: 1.0 mg/mL) and L. monocytogenes (MIC: 1.0 mg/mL) Gram-(+) strains. Furthermore, this extract has been tested for its possible antioxidant activity in vitro. In particular, it has been shown that these molecules cause a decrease in DPPH, ABTS, and H2O2 radicals. The extract of S. spreitzenhoferi exhibited anti-DPPH activity (IC50: 0.17 mg/mL), anti-H2O2 activity (IC50: 0.125 mg/mL), and promising antiradical effect with an IC50 value of 0.18 mg/mL for anti-ABTS activity. S. spreitzenhoferi extract caused a decrease in ROS (at the concentration of 200 μg/mL) and an increase in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GPX in OZ-stimulated PMNs. Furthermore, it exhibited antiproliferative activity against acute myeloid leukemia (U937 cell), causing 50% of cell death at the 0.75 mg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Napolitano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, 84084, Italy
| | - Michela Di Napoli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80100, Italy
| | - Giusy Castagliuolo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80100, Italy
| | - Natale Badalamenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Adele Cicio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, 90128, Palermo, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Riutilizzo bio-based degli scarti da matrici agroalimentari" (RIVIVE), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, 84084, Italy
| | - Viviana Maresca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80100, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Capasso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7,80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Bontempo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7,80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Varcamonti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80100, Italy
| | - Adriana Basile
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80100, Italy.
| | - Anna Zanfardino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80100, Italy
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11
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Acaricidal Activity of Bufadienolides Isolated from Drimia pancration against Tetranychus urticae, and Structural Elucidation of Arenobufagin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131629. [PMID: 35807580 PMCID: PMC9268777 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Chemical characterization of the bulbs of Drimia pancration was conducted to isolate four steroidal saponins (1–4). Earlier, we focused on the structural elucidation of compounds 1–3. Herein, by means of 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, Nuclear Overhauser Effects (NOE), and 2D-NMR spectra, the full stereochemical structure of 4 is reported, and all the 1H and 13C signals are assigned. Compounds 1–4 were tested for their acaricidal properties against the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae. Our results showed excellent activity of compound 1, with an LD50 (µg/cm2) of 0.29 and a LD90 (µg/cm2) of 0.96, whereas compounds 2, 3, and 4 showed moderate activity. Furthermore, the acaricidal and cytotoxic properties of the crude extract were also investigated. Of note, after 96 h of exposure, the acaricidal activity of compound 1 was higher than that of the positive control, hexythiazox. Indeed, for compound 1, LD50 and LD90 were 0.29 and 0.96 µg/cm2, respectively, while hexythiazox LD50(90) was 18.7 (132.5) µg/cm2. Additionally, D. pancration extract, after 72 h, induced a high cytotoxic effect in HaCaT and THP-1 cell lines, with an IC50 of 7.37 ± 0.5 µg/mL and 3.50 ± 0.15 µg/mL, respectively. Overall, D. pancration can be considered as a green source of novel acaricides effective against mites of agricultural importance, such as T. urticae, pending proper field validation and the assessment of non-target effects on other invertebrate species.
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Badalamenti N, Bruno M, Formisano C, Rigano D. Effect of Germacrene-Rich Essential Oil of Parentucellia latifolia (L.) Caruel Collected in Central Sicily on the Growth of Microorganisms Inhabiting Historical Textiles. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221096963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the chemical composition of the essential oil from aerial parts of Parentucellia latifolia (L.) Caruel collected in Central Sicily was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The results showed the presence of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, with germacrene D and germacrene B accounting, respectively, for 59.2% and 24.3% of the total oil. Different colonies of bacteria and fungi frequently affect cellulosic objects such as books stored in libraries and museums. The antibacterial and antifungal activity against some microorganisms infesting historical-artistic craftsmanship was determined, demonstrating that the essential oil was particularly active against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Proteus vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natale Badalamenti
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Riutilizzo bio-based degli scarti da matrici agroalimentari” (RIVIVE), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carmen Formisano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Rigano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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13
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Badalamenti N, Sottile F, Bruno M. Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Biological, and Nutritional Properties of Genus Crepis-A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11040519. [PMID: 35214852 PMCID: PMC8875603 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The genus Crepis L., included within the Asteraceae family, has a very wide distribution, expanding throughout the northern hemisphere, including Europe, northern Africa, and temperate Asia. This genus has a fundamental value from biodynamic and ecological perspectives, with the different species often being chosen for soil conservation, for environmental sustainability, and for their attraction towards pollinating species. Furthermore, various species of Crepis have been used in the popular medicine of several countries as medicinal herbs and food since ancient times. In most cases, the species is consumed either in the form of a decoction, or as a salad, and is used for its cardiovascular properties, as a digestive, for problems related to sight, for the treatment of diabetes, and for joint diseases. This literature review, the first one of the Crepis genus, includes publications with the word 'Crepis', and considers the single metabolites identified, characterised, and tested to evaluate their biological potential. The various isolated compounds, including in most cases sesquiterpenes and flavonoids, were obtained by extracting the roots and aerial parts of the different species. The secondary metabolites, extracted using traditional (solvent extraction, column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography, preparative HPLC, vacuum liquid chromatography), and modern systems such as ultrasounds, microwaves, etc., and characterised by mono- and bi- dimensional NMR experiments and by HPLC-MS, have a varied application spectrum at a biological level, with antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antitumor, antiviral, antiulcer, phytotoxic, and nutritional properties having been reported. Unfortunately, in vitro tests have not always been accompanied by in vivo tests, and this is the major critical aspect that emerges from the study of the scientific aspects related to this genus. Therefore, extensive investigations are necessary to evaluate the real capacity of the different species used in food, and above all to discover what the different plants that have never been analysed could offer at a scientific level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natale Badalamenti
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Francesco Sottile
- Department of Architecture, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d’Orleans II, I-90128 Palermo, Italy;
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Riuszo Bio-Based Degli Scarti da Matrici Agroalimentari” (RIVIVE), Università degli Studi di Palermo, I-90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy;
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Riuszo Bio-Based Degli Scarti da Matrici Agroalimentari” (RIVIVE), Università degli Studi di Palermo, I-90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
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