1
|
Widuri SA, Sulistyaningsih YC, Umar AH, Ratnadewi D. Secretory structures and histochemistry of roots, stem, and leaves of medicinal plant Fibraurea tinctoria Lour. Microsc Res Tech 2024. [PMID: 39121447 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
Fibraurea tinctoria Lour. (Menispermaceae) is a medicinal plant used by many local tribes in Indonesia and other countries. This species has pharmacological potential, such as antimalaria, antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and hepato-protector. However, the secretory structures and sites of secondary metabolite accumulation still need to be studied. This study aimed to explore the secretory structures and reveal the accumulation sites of the main classes of secondary metabolites in the root, stem, and leaves of F. tinctoria. Histochemical analysis using various specific reagents was performed on freehand sections of the fresh organs to detect alkaloids, phenolics, terpenoids, and lipophilic compounds. Observations of secretory structures were carried out using light microscopy. The result showed that idioblast was the predominant secretory structure in the plant organs and contained all the chemical groups investigated, while laticifer accumulated alkaloids were found only in the stem. Some secondary metabolites were localized in the xylem, intercellular space, and cuticle layer. Crystals were observed in the root, stem, and leaf of this species. These results might be helpful as guide information for extracting the particular plant parts to obtain the desired secondary metabolites. It suggested that leaves are a potential alternative source of medicinal raw material of this species, in addition to the stem. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The first study on secretory structures of Fibraurea tinctoria. Secondary metabolites in F. tinctoria organs accumulate in specialized and unspecialized structures. The idioblast is the primary secretory structure in the organs of F. tinctoria spreading over the root, stem, and leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Septina Asih Widuri
- Plant Biology Study Program, IPB Graduate School. Jl. Raya Dramaga, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Abdul Halim Umar
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Almarisah Madani University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Diah Ratnadewi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abbasi S, Houshmand S, Ahmadi T. Volatile compositions and glandular trichomes of Zataria multiflora in different phenological stages under normal and drought stress conditions. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:483. [PMID: 38822252 PMCID: PMC11140871 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zataria multiflora Boiss. is a medicinal and aromatic plant from the Lamiaceae family. It is extensively used in Iranian traditional medicine, mostly as a replacement for Thyme species. This study was focused on the analysis of chemical composition and the distribution and types of trichomes of Z. multiflora grown under different conditions. Equilibrium headspace analysis in combination with GC-FID-MS was used to identify volatile compounds released by aerial parts of Z. multiflora in development stages of 50 and 100% flowering under normal and drought-stress conditions. RESULTS The main constituents were p-cymene (20.06-27.40%), γ-terpinene (12.44-16.93%), and α-pinene (6.91-16.58%) and thymol (8.52-9.99%). The highest content of p-cymene (27.40%) and thymol (9.99%) was observed in the 50% flowering stage at the 90% field capacity, while the maximum γ-terpinene (16.93%) content was recorded in the 100% flowering stage under normal conditions. Using the SEM method, it was found that peltate glandular and non-glandular trichomes are distributed on the surface of the leaf, stem, and outer side of the calyx. However, capitate trichomes only are detected on the stem and calyx in the 100% flowering and beginning of blooming stages, respectively. The type and structure of trichomes do not vary in different development stages, but they differ in density. The highest number of leaf peltate glandular trichomes was observed in the vegetative and beginning of blooming stages at 50% and 90% field capacity, respectively. Non-glandular trichomes of the stem were observed with high density in both normal and stress conditions, which are more densely in 90% field capacity. CONCLUSIONS Since this plant has strong potential to be used in the food and pharmacological industries, this study provides valuable information for its cultivation and harvesting at specific phenological stages, depending on desired compounds and their concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahrbanoo Abbasi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, P.O. Box 115, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Sadollah Houshmand
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, P.O. Box 115, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Ahmadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Kirkuk Road, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ashmawy NS, El-labbad EM, Hamoda AM, El-Keblawy AA, El-Shorbagi ANA, Mosa KA, Soliman SSM. The Anti-Candida Activity of Tephrosia apollinea Is More Superiorly Attributed to a Novel Steroidal Compound with Selective Targeting. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11162120. [PMID: 36015423 PMCID: PMC9415581 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tephrosia is widely distributed throughout tropical, subtropical, and arid regions. This genus is known for several biological activities, including its anti-Candida activity, which is mainly attributed to prenylated flavonoids. The biological activities of most Tephrosia species have been studied, except T. apollinea. This study was conducted to investigate the underlying anti-Candida activity of T. apollinea, wildly grown in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The T. apollinea plant was collected, dried, and the leaves were separated. The leaves were ground and extracted. The dried extract was subjected to successive chromatography to identify unique phytochemicals with a special pharmacological activity. The activity of the compound was validated by homology modeling and molecular docking studies. A novel steroidal compound (ergosta-6, 8(14), 22, 24(28)-tetraen-3-one) was isolated and named TNS. In silico target identification of TNS revealed a high structural similarity with the Candida 14-α-demethylase enzyme substrate. The compound exhibited a significant anti-Candida activity, specifically against the multi-drug-resistant Candida auris at MIC50, 16 times less than the previously reported prenylated flavonoids and 5 times less than the methanol extract of the plant. These findings were supported by homology modeling and molecular docking studies. TNS may represent a new class of Candida 14-α-demethylase inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa S. Ashmawy
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, El-Abaseya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Eman M. El-labbad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, El-Abaseya, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (E.M.E.-l.); (S.S.M.S.); Tel.: +971-65057472 (S.S.M.S.)
| | - Alshaimaa M. Hamoda
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Ali A. El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdel-Nasser A. El-Shorbagi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kareem A. Mosa
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Sameh S. M. Soliman
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (E.M.E.-l.); (S.S.M.S.); Tel.: +971-65057472 (S.S.M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Terletskaya NV, Seitimova GA, Kudrina NO, Meduntseva ND, Ashimuly K. The Reactions of Photosynthetic Capacity and Plant Metabolites of Sedum hybridum L. in Response to Mild and Moderate Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11060828. [PMID: 35336710 PMCID: PMC8955115 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this article, for the first time, an experimental study of the effect of mild and moderate osmotic stress, NaCl content and the effect of low positive temperature on photosynthetic activity and composition of metabolites of immature plants Sedum hybridum L. is reported. In this representative of the genus Sedum adapted to arid conditions and having the properties of a succulent, a change in photosynthetic activity and an increase in the level of protective metabolites in the shoots were revealed when exposed to mild and moderate stress factors. The results of this study can be used in work on the adaptation of succulent plants to arid conditions, environmental monitoring and work on the directed induction of valuable secondary metabolites in succulents to obtain new herbal medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina V. Terletskaya
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology and Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.A.S.); (N.D.M.); (K.A.)
- Institute of Genetic and Physiology, Al-Farabi Avenue 93, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Correspondence: (N.V.T.); (N.O.K.); Tel.: +7-(777)-2993-335 (N.V.T.); +7-(705)-1811-440 (N.O.K.)
| | - Gulnaz A. Seitimova
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology and Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.A.S.); (N.D.M.); (K.A.)
- Institute of Genetic and Physiology, Al-Farabi Avenue 93, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Nataliya O. Kudrina
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology and Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.A.S.); (N.D.M.); (K.A.)
- Institute of Genetic and Physiology, Al-Farabi Avenue 93, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Correspondence: (N.V.T.); (N.O.K.); Tel.: +7-(777)-2993-335 (N.V.T.); +7-(705)-1811-440 (N.O.K.)
| | - Nataliya D. Meduntseva
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology and Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.A.S.); (N.D.M.); (K.A.)
| | - Kazhybek Ashimuly
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology and Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (G.A.S.); (N.D.M.); (K.A.)
- Institute of Genetic and Physiology, Al-Farabi Avenue 93, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hussain T, Asrar H, Zhang W, Gul B, Liu X. Combined Transcriptome and Proteome Analysis to Elucidate Salt Tolerance Strategies of the Halophyte Panicum antidotale Retz. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:760589. [PMID: 34804096 PMCID: PMC8598733 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.760589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Panicum antidotale, a C4 monocot, has the potential to reclaim saline and drylands and to be utilized as fodder and forage. Its adaptability to survive saline stress has been proven with eco-physiological and biochemical studies. However, little is known about its molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance. In this study, an integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis approach, based on RNA sequencing and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), was used to identify the said mechanisms. Plants were treated with control (0 mM), low (100 mM), and high (300 mM) sodium chloride (NaCl) treatments to distinguish beneficial and toxic pathways influencing plant biomass. The results indicated differential expression of 3,179 (1,126 upregulated/2,053 downregulated) and 2,172 (898 upregulated/1,274 downregulated) genes (DEGs), and 514 (269 upregulated/245 downregulated) and 836 (494 upregulated/392 downregulated) proteins (DEPs) at 100 and 300 mM NaCl, respectively. Among these, most upregulated genes and proteins were involved in salt resistance strategies such as proline biosynthesis, the antioxidant defense system, ion homeostasis, and sugar accumulation at low salinity levels. On the other hand, the expression of several genes and proteins involved in the respiratory process were downregulated, indicating the inability of plants to meet their energy demands at high salinity levels. Moreover, the impairments in photosynthesis were also evident with the reduced expression of genes regulating the structure of photosystems and increased expression of abscisic acid (ABA) mediated pathways which limits stomatal gas exchange. Similarly, the disturbance in fatty acid metabolism and activation of essential ion transport blockers damaged the integrity of the cell membrane, which was also evident with enhanced malondialdehyde (MDA). Overall, the analysis of pathways revealed that the plant optimal performance at low salinity was related to enhanced metabolism, antioxidative defense, cell growth, and signaling pathways, whereas high salinity inhibited biomass accumulation by altered expression of numerous genes involved in carbon metabolism, signaling, transcription, and translation. The data provided the first global analysis of the mechanisms imparting salt stress tolerance of any halophyte at transcriptome and proteome levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tabassum Hussain
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Saline Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- Dr. M. Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hina Asrar
- Dr. M. Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Saline Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bilquees Gul
- Dr. M. Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Saline Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma Y, Dias MC, Freitas H. Drought and Salinity Stress Responses and Microbe-Induced Tolerance in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:591911. [PMID: 33281852 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.591911molazem] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Drought and salinity are among the most important environmental factors that hampered agricultural productivity worldwide. Both stresses can induce several morphological, physiological, biochemical, and metabolic alterations through various mechanisms, eventually influencing plant growth, development, and productivity. The responses of plants to these stress conditions are highly complex and depend on other factors, such as the species and genotype, plant age and size, the rate of progression as well as the intensity and duration of the stresses. These factors have a strong effect on plant response and define whether mitigation processes related to acclimation will occur or not. In this review, we summarize how drought and salinity extensively affect plant growth in agriculture ecosystems. In particular, we focus on the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and metabolic responses of plants to these stresses. Moreover, we discuss mechanisms underlying plant-microbe interactions that confer abiotic stress tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Celeste Dias
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Helena Freitas
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abouleish M, El-Keblawy A, Mosa KA, Soliman SSM. Importance of Environmental Factors on Production of Computationally- Defined Natural Molecules against COVID-19 Pandemic. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:1958-1961. [PMID: 33040729 DOI: 10.2174/156802662022200917110430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abouleish
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O.Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kareem A Mosa
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O.Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameh S M Soliman
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ma Y, Dias MC, Freitas H. Drought and Salinity Stress Responses and Microbe-Induced Tolerance in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:591911. [PMID: 33281852 PMCID: PMC7691295 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.591911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Drought and salinity are among the most important environmental factors that hampered agricultural productivity worldwide. Both stresses can induce several morphological, physiological, biochemical, and metabolic alterations through various mechanisms, eventually influencing plant growth, development, and productivity. The responses of plants to these stress conditions are highly complex and depend on other factors, such as the species and genotype, plant age and size, the rate of progression as well as the intensity and duration of the stresses. These factors have a strong effect on plant response and define whether mitigation processes related to acclimation will occur or not. In this review, we summarize how drought and salinity extensively affect plant growth in agriculture ecosystems. In particular, we focus on the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and metabolic responses of plants to these stresses. Moreover, we discuss mechanisms underlying plant-microbe interactions that confer abiotic stress tolerance.
Collapse
|