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Zulfiqar F, Moosa A, Ali HM, Bermejo NF, Munné-Bosch S. Biostimulants: A sufficiently effective tool for sustainable agriculture in the era of climate change? PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108699. [PMID: 38749375 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Climate change is currently considered as one of the main concerns of the agriculture sector, as it limits crop production and quality. Furthermore, the current context of global crisis with international political instability and war conflicts over the world is pushing the agriculture sector even more to urgently boost productivity and yield and doing so in a sustainable way in the current frame of climate change. Biostimulants can be an effective tool in alleviating the negative effects of environmental stresses to which plants are exposed, such as drought, salinity, heavy metals and extreme temperatures etc. Biostimulants act through multiple mechanisms, modifying gene expression, metabolism and phytohormone production, promoting the accumulation of compatible solutes and antioxidants and mitigating oxidative stress. However, it is important to keep in mind that the use and effect of biostimulants has limitations and must be accompanied by other techniques to ensure crop yield and quality in the current frame of climate change, such as proper crop management and the use of other sustainable resources. Here, we will not only highlight the potential use of biostimulants to face future agricultural challenges, but also take a critical look at their limitations, underlining the importance of a broad vision of sustainable agriculture in the context of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Anam Moosa
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Núria F Bermejo
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Zhang C, Yang X, Wang Z, Liu Y, Yao M, Zhu L, Gao P, Wang Z. Co-exposure effects of butyl benzyl phthalate and TiO 2 nanomaterials (anatase) on Metaphire guillelmi gut health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167036. [PMID: 37709098 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and TiO2 nanomaterials (nTiO2) are commonly used as plastic additives, nano-fertilizers or nano-pesticides. Their excessive co-applications led to the co-occurrence, which can induce damage to soil organisms such as Metaphire guillelmi (an earthworm widespread in farmland). However, the co-exposure effects of butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP, a typical PAEs) and nTiO2 on Metaphire guillelmi at environmental-relevant concentrations remain unclear. In this study, 1 mg kg-1 BBP and 1 mg kg-1 nTiO2 (anatase) were added into the soil to assess: (1) their effects on oxidative damage, digestive system, and neurotoxicity in Metaphire guillelmi gut on days 14 and 28; and (2) whether BBP and nTiO2 affected Metaphire guillelmi gut health by disrupting intestinal microorganisms. The results demonstrated that BBP and nTiO2 had the potential to inhibit the activity of superoxide dismutase, cellulase, protease, Na+K+-ATPase, and Ca2+-ATPase, as well as cause oxidative damage by altering intestinal bacteria such as Marmoricola and Microvirga at genus levels after 28 d-exposure. However, the exposure did not cause disorders of the intestinal bacteria. The present study provides more evidence for the sustainable application and scientific management of BBP and nTiO2, thus providing better guidance for PAEs and engineered nanomaterials regulations in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhangjia Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yinglin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Mengyao Yao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 215009, China.
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Chen HH, Zheng ZC, Chen WS, Rao RY, Chen XF, Ye X, Guo J, Yang LT, Chen LS. Regulation on copper-tolerance in Citrus sinensis seedlings by boron addition: Insights from root exudates, related metabolism, and gene expression. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132277. [PMID: 37591167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) can alleviate Citrus copper (Cu)-toxicity. However, the underlying mechanism by which B mitigates Cu-toxicity is unclear. 'Xuegan' (Citrus sinensis) seedlings were exposed to 0.5 (control) or 350 (Cu-toxicity) µM Cu and 2.5 or 25 µM B for 24 weeks. Thereafter, we investigated the secretion of low molecular weight compounds [LMWCs; citrate, malate, total soluble sugars (TSS), total phenolics (TP), and total free amino acids (TFAA)] by excised roots and their concentrations in roots and leaves, as well as related enzyme gene expression and activities in roots and leaves. Cu-stress stimulated root release of malate and TFAA, which might contribute to citrus Cu-tolerance. However, B-mediated-mitigation of Cu-stress could not be explained in this way, since B addition failed to further stimulate malate and TFAA secretion. Indeed, B addition decreased Cu-stimulated-secretion of malate. Further analysis suggested that Cu-induced-exudation of malate and TFAA was not regulated by their levels in roots. By contrast, B addition increased malate, citrate, and TFAA concentrations in Cu-toxic roots. Cu-toxicity increased TP concentration in 25 μM B-treated leaves, but not in 2.5 μM B-treated leaves. Our findings suggested that the internal detoxification of Cu by LMWCs played a role in B-mediated-alleviation of Cu-toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Zheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wen-Shu Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Rong-Yu Rao
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xu-Feng Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xin Ye
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiuxin Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lin-Tong Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Li-Song Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Mandal S, Anand U, López-Bucio J, Radha, Kumar M, Lal MK, Tiwari RK, Dey A. Biostimulants and environmental stress mitigation in crops: A novel and emerging approach for agricultural sustainability under climate change. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116357. [PMID: 37295582 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide and fertilizer usage is at the center of agricultural production to meet the demands of an ever-increasing global population. However, rising levels of chemicals impose a serious threat to the health of humans, animals, plants, and even the entire biosphere because of their toxic effects. Biostimulants offer the opportunity to reduce the agricultural chemical footprint owing their multilevel, beneficial properties helping to make agriculture more sustainable and resilient. When applied to plants or to the soil an increased absorption and distribution of nutrients, tolerance to environmental stress, and improved quality of plant products explain the mechanisms by which these probiotics are useful. In recent years, the use of plant biostimulants has received widespread attention across the globe as an ecologically acceptable alternative to sustainable agricultural production. As a result, their worldwide market continues to grow, and further research will be conducted to broaden the range of the products now available. Through this review, we present a current understanding of biostimulants, their mode of action and their involvement in modulating abiotic stress responses, including omics research, which may provide a comprehensive assessment of the crop's response by correlating molecular changes to physiological pathways activated under stress conditions aggravated by climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayanti Mandal
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Arts, Commerce & Science College, Sant Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, 411018, India.
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - José López-Bucio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Milan Kumar Lal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, 171001, Himachal Pradesh, India; ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Tiwari
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, 171001, Himachal Pradesh, India; ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
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Khan AR, Mustafa A, Hyder S, Valipour M, Rizvi ZF, Gondal AS, Yousuf Z, Iqbal R, Daraz U. Bacillus spp. as Bioagents: Uses and Application for Sustainable Agriculture. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121763. [PMID: 36552272 PMCID: PMC9775066 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Food security will be a substantial issue in the near future due to the expeditiously growing global population. The current trend in the agriculture industry entails the extravagant use of synthesized pesticides and fertilizers, making sustainability a difficult challenge. Land degradation, lower production, and vulnerability to both abiotic and biotic stresses are problems caused by the usage of these pesticides and fertilizers. The major goal of sustainable agriculture is to ameliorate productivity and reduce pests and disease prevalence to such a degree that prevents large-scale damage to crops. Agriculture is a composite interrelation among plants, microbes, and soil. Plant microbes play a major role in growth promotion and improve soil fertility as well. Bacillus spp. produces an extensive range of bio-chemicals that assist in plant disease control, promote plant development, and make them suitable for agricultural uses. Bacillus spp. support plant growth by N fixation, P and K solubilization, and phytohormone synthesis, in addition to being the most propitious biocontrol agent. Moreover, Bacilli excrete extracellular metabolites, including antibiotics, lytic enzymes, and siderophores, and demonstrate antagonistic activity against phytopathogens. Bacillus spp. boosts plant resistance toward pathogens by inducing systemic resistance (ISR). The most effective microbial insecticide against insects and pests in agriculture is Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Additionally, the incorporation of toxin genes in genetically modified crops increases resistance to insects and pests. There is a constant increase in the identified Bacillus species as potential biocontrol agents. Moreover, they have been involved in the biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles. The main objective of this review article is to display the uses and application of Bacillus specie as a promising biopesticide in sustainable agriculture. Bacillus spp. strains that are antagonistic and promote plant yield attributes could be valuable in developing novel formulations to lead the way toward sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimen Razzaq Khan
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Adeena Mustafa
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Hyder
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (M.V.)
| | - Mohammad Valipour
- Department of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, CO 80217, USA
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (M.V.)
| | - Zarrin Fatima Rizvi
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Shahzad Gondal
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Zubaida Yousuf
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Umar Daraz
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Chamekh A, Kharbech O, Fersi C, Driss Limam R, Brandt KK, Djebali W, Chouari R. Insights on strain 115 plant growth-promoting bacteria traits and its contribution in lead stress alleviation in pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants. Arch Microbiol 2022; 205:1. [PMID: 36436136 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to characterize the plant growth-promoting bacterial traits of Bacillus simplex (strain 115). This bacterium was inoculated in hydroponically conditions to improve pea (Pisum sativum L.) growth submitted to lead (Pb) toxicity. Root nodulation system was developed enough in 23-day-old plants attesting the interaction between the two organisms. In addition to its phosphate solubilization and siderophore production traits that reached 303.8 μg P mL-1 and 49.6 psu respectively, the Bacillus strain 115 exhibited Pb bio-sorption ability. Inoculation of Pb-stressed pea with strain 115 showed roots and shoots biomass recovery (+ 70% and + 61%, respectively). Similarly, water and protein contents were increased in Pb-treated plants after bacterial inoculation. In the presence of strain 115, Pb relative toxicity level decreased (- 39.3% compared to Pb stress only). Moreover, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were upregulated in Pb-exposed plants (+ 56% and + 51%, respectively). After inoculation with strain 115, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were restored by - 38% and - 44% respectively. Simultaneously, oxidant stress indicator (H2O2 and 4-hydroxynonenal) and osmo-regulators (proline and glycine-betaine) contents as well as lipoxygenase activity decreased significantly in Pb-treated plants after Bacillus strain's inoculation. Taken together, the results give some evidences for the plant growth-promoting capacity of strain 115 in helping alleviation of Pb stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa Chamekh
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology (LR 18ES38), University of Carthage, 7021, Bizerte, Zarzouna, Tunisia
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Oussama Kharbech
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology (LR 18ES38), University of Carthage, 7021, Bizerte, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Cheima Fersi
- National Institute for Research and Physico-Chemical Analyses, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Rim Driss Limam
- National Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Kristian Koefed Brandt
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Wahbi Djebali
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology (LR 18ES38), University of Carthage, 7021, Bizerte, Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Rakia Chouari
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Plant Toxicology and Environmental Microbiology (LR 18ES38), University of Carthage, 7021, Bizerte, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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Kumar A, Borisova G, Maleva M, Tripti, Shiryaev G, Tugbaeva A, Sobenin A, Kiseleva I. Biofertilizer Based on Biochar and Metal-Tolerant Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Alleviates Copper Impact on Morphophysiological Traits in Brassica napus L. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2164. [PMID: 36363756 PMCID: PMC9695043 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal tolerant plant growth-promoting (PGP) rhizobacteria are promising for enhancing plant productivity under copper (Cu) stress. Present pot scale experiment was conducted on Brassica napus L. to check the efficiency of rhizobacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of Tussilago farfara L. growing on Cu-contaminated soils. Out of fifty Cu tolerant strains, three isolates which showed multiple PGP traits such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) synthesis, phosphate (PS) solubilization, siderophore and ammonia production were identified preliminarily by morphological and physiological characteristics followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The best Bacillus altitudinis strain TF16a which showed IAA: 15.5 mg L-1, PS: 215 mg L-1, siderophore halo zone ratio of 3.0 with high ammonia production was selected to prepare a biochar-based biofertilizer (BF). Seedling test showed maximum growth of B. napus shoot and root in presence of 5% of BF and this concentration was selected for further experiment. The pot experiment included four treatments: control (soil), 100Cu (100 mg Cu kg-1 soil), 5%BF (v/v), and 5%BF+100Cu, which were carried out for 30 days, after which the morphological, physiological, and biochemical parameters of B. napus were studied. The Cu treatment caused its accumulation in shoot and root up to 16.9 and 30.4 mg kg-1 DW, respectively, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 20%. Application of BF with copper led to the decrease in the Cu accumulation by 20% for shoot and 28% for root while MDA content was the same as in the control. Both treatments of BF with and without Cu increased chlorophyll a and b content by 1.3 times on average as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants such as soluble phenolic compounds (1.3 times) and free proline (1.6 times). Moreover, BF + Cu led to the increase in the biomass of shoot and root by 30 and 60%, respectively, while there was no significant effect on the growth characteristics of plants after the addition of BF without Cu. The study elucidates that BF based on B.altitudinis strain TF16a and biochar can be a promising bioformulation which could increase rapeseed growth under the moderate Cu concentration in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adarsh Kumar
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Galina Borisova
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Maria Maleva
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Tripti
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Grigory Shiryaev
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia Tugbaeva
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Artem Sobenin
- Institute of Mining of the Ural Branch of RAS, 620075 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Irina Kiseleva
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
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Kaushik S, Sharma P, Kaur G, Singh AK, Al-Misned FA, Shafik HM, Sirhindi G. Seed priming with methyl jasmonate mitigates copper and cadmium toxicity by modifying biochemical attributes and antioxidants in Cajanus cajan. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:721-729. [PMID: 35197737 PMCID: PMC8847966 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Contamination of agricultural soils with heavy metals (HMs) has posed major threat to the environment as well as human health. The aim of this study was to appraise the efficiency of key-antioxidant enzymes in enhancing plants' tolerance to HMs (heavy metals) like copper (Cu) and Cadmium (Cd), under the action of methyl jasmonate (Me-JA) in Cajanus cajan L. Seeds of C. cajan treated with Me-JA (0, 1 nM) were discretely subjected to noxious concentrations of Cu and Cd (0, 1, 5 mM) and raised for 12 days under controlled conditions in plant growth chamber for biochemical analysis. In contrast to Cd, Cu triggered oxidative stress more significantly (44.54% in 5 mM Cu increase in MDA as compared to control) and prominently thereby affecting plants' physiological and biochemical attributes. By activating the antioxidant machinery, Me-JA pre-treatment reduced HMs-induced oxidative stress, increased proline production, glutathione (41.95% under 5 mM Cu when treated with 1 nM Me-JA treatment) and ascorbic acid content by 160.4 % under aforemtioned treatments thus improving the redox status. Thus, in light of this our results put forward a firm basis of the positive role that Me-JA might play in the mitigation of oxidative stress caused due to HMs stress by stimulating antioxidant defense system leading to overall improvement of growth of C. cajan seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Kaushik
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Gurvarinder Kaur
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Centre, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Fahad A Al-Misned
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham M Shafik
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Limnoecology Research Group, University of Pannonia, Gyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprem, Hungary
| | - Geetika Sirhindi
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
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Sameena PP, Kalaji HM, Żuk-Gołaszewska K, Horaczek T, Sierka E, Puthur JT. 6-Benzylaminopurine Alleviates the Impact of Cu 2+ Toxicity on Photosynthetic Performance of Ricinus communis L. Seedlings. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413349. [PMID: 34948146 PMCID: PMC8709281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential element involved in various metabolic processes in plants, but at concentrations above the threshold level, it becomes a potential stress factor. The effects of two different cytokinins, kinetin (KIN) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), on chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, stomatal responses and antioxidation mechanisms in castor (Ricinus communis L.) under Cu2+ toxicity was investigated. Ricinus communis plants were exposed to 80 and 160 μM CuSO4 added to the growth medium. Foliar spraying of 15 μM KIN and BAP was carried out on these seedlings. The application of these cytokinins enhanced the tissue water status, chlorophyll contents, stomatal opening and photosynthetic efficiency in the castor plants subjected to Cu2+ stress. The fluorescence parameters, such as Fm, Fv/Fo, Sm, photochemical and non-photochemical quantum yields, energy absorbed, energy trapped and electron transport per cross-sections, were more efficiently modulated by BAP application than KIN under Cu2+ toxicity. There was also effective alleviation of reactive oxygen species by enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidation systems, reducing the membrane lipid peroxidation, which brought about a relative enhancement in the membrane stability index. Of the various treatments, 80 µM CuSO4 + BAP recorded the highest increase in photosynthetic efficiency compared to other cytokinin treatments. Therefore, it can be concluded that BAP could effectively alleviate the detrimental effects of Cu2+toxicity in cotyledonary leaves of R. communis by effectively modulating stomatal responses and antioxidation mechanisms, thereby enhancing the photosynthetic apparatus’ functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puthukkolli P. Sameena
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Calicut University P.O., Malappuram 673635, Kerala, India;
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Krystyna Żuk-Gołaszewska
- Department of Agrotechnology and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Oczapowskiego 8, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Horaczek
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland;
| | - Edyta Sierka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellonska, 40-032 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Jos T. Puthur
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Calicut University P.O., Malappuram 673635, Kerala, India;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-94-4750-7845
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Abdelhameed RE, Abdel Latef AAH, Shehata RS. Physiological Responses of Salinized Fenugreek ( Trigonellafoenum-graecum L.) Plants to Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:657. [PMID: 33808186 PMCID: PMC8067232 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Considering the detrimental effects of salt stress on the physiological mechanisms of plants in terms of growth, development and productivity, intensive efforts are underway to improve plant tolerance to salinity. Hence, an experiment was conducted to assess the impact of the foliar application of salicylic acid (SA; 0.5 mM) on the physiological traits of fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum L.) plants grown under three salt concentrations (0, 75, and 150 mM NaCl). An increase in salt concentration generated a decrease in the chlorophyll content index (CCI); however, the foliar application of SA boosted the CCI. The malondialdehyde content increased in salt-stressed fenugreek plants, while a reduction in content was observed with SA. Likewise, SA application induced an accumulation of proline, total phenolics, and flavonoids. Moreover, further increases in total free amino acids and shikimic acid were observed with the foliar application of SA, in either control or salt-treated plants. Similar results were obtained for ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and catalase with SA application. Hence, we concluded that the foliar application of SA ameliorates salinity, and it is a growth regulator that improves the tolerance of fenugreek plants under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda E. Abdelhameed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Turabah Branch, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania S. Shehata
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Jakovljević D, Momčilović J, Bojović B, Stanković M. The Short-Term Metabolic Modulation of Basil ( Ocimum basilicum L. cv. 'Genovese') after Exposure to Cold or Heat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10030590. [PMID: 33801088 PMCID: PMC8004128 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chilling stress in spring and mid-season heat stress are important environmental stresses that can significantly affect plant productivity. The objectives of this study were to understand the effects of cold (4 and 10 °C) or heat (30 and 40 °C) stress on biochemical and physiological traits in leaves and roots of basil (Ocimum basilicum L. cv. 'Genovese') young plants. After short-time exposure to mild and severe temperature stresses, both photosynthetic pigments' and protein, as well as enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense components in basil leaves and roots, were quantified and compared with the control non-stressed plants. It was shown that both cold and heat treatment increase the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids. Chilling correlated with higher content of soluble proteins in leaves, whereas the concentration of these osmoprotectants in roots was higher under both cold and heat stress. For all tested antioxidant enzymes, higher activity was measured in leaves, and activity was related to temperature stress. SOD, CAT, A-POX, and P-POX activities was induced under heat stress, while the higher activity of SOD, CAT, P-POX, and G-POX was recorded under cold stress, compared to the control. In addition to the induced activity of enzymatic components, the content of secondary metabolites including total phenolics, flavonoids, and total anthocyanins, was several times higher compared to the non-stressed plants. Furthermore, total phenolic content was higher in roots than in leaves. Significant positive correlation can be seen among photosynthetic pigments, SOD, total phenolics, and flavonoids under severe temperature stress (4 or 40 °C) in basil leaves, while for roots, positive correlation was found in the content of secondary metabolites and activity of CAT or peroxidases. Obtained results are discussed in terms of phenotyping of O. basilicum cv. 'Genovese' response to heat and chilling stress, which should contribute to a better understanding of merged responses to cold and heat tolerance of this valuable crop.
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