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Yu M, Gouvinhas I, Chen J, Zhu Y, Deng J, Xiang Z, Oliveira P, Xia C, Barros A. Unlocking the therapeutic treasure of pomegranate leaf: A comprehensive review on phytochemical compounds, health benefits, and future prospects. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101587. [PMID: 39036478 PMCID: PMC11260341 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The exploration of sustainable and valuable by-products from industrial and agricultural processes is increasingly recognized for its economic, environmental and health advantages. This review examines the phytochemical constituents, biological properties, current applications and future directions of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) leaf (PGL). PGL exhibits broad biological activities, aiding in managing health conditions like chronic diseases, cancer, diabetes, obesity, and neurological disorders. Anti-cancer and anti-diabetic effects are demonstrated in vitro and in vivo using animal models. Anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties are also observed in cell cultures and animal studies. Its anti-microbial properties show efficacy against pathogens. However, variability in phytochemical composition due to different extraction methods and environmental conditions poses challenges for standardization. The review underscores the urgent need for comprehensive human clinical trials to confirm PGL's therapeutic benefits and safety, calling for future research to fully harness PGL's potential as a sustainable and bioactive compound in various industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyou Yu
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 610066 Chengdu, China
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)/Inov4Agro (Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Irene Gouvinhas
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)/Inov4Agro (Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 610066 Chengdu, China
| | - Yongqing Zhu
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 610066 Chengdu, China
| | - Junlin Deng
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 610066 Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuoya Xiang
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 610066 Chengdu, China
| | - Paula Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)/Inov4Agro (Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Chen Xia
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 610066 Chengdu, China
| | - Ana Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)/Inov4Agro (Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Agronomy, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Putra IMWA, Fakhrudin N, Nurrochmad A, Wahyuono S. Antidiabetic effect of combined extract of Coccinia grandis and Blumea balsamifera on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2024; 15:101021. [PMID: 39079440 PMCID: PMC11338941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2024.101021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coccinia grandis and Blumea balsamifera are two medicinal plants that have been known to have good antidiabetic properties. Combining these two plant extracts may generate a greater effect that can increase efficacy and decrease the dose. OBJECTIVE This research investigated the antidiabetic activity of the combination of C. grandis and B. balsamifera leaves extracts on experimental diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The dried leaves of C. grandis and B. balsamifera were powdered and macerated with ethanol 70% (v/v). A diabetic condition in male Wistar albino rats was generated by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) followed by nicotinamide (110 mg/kg). Diabetes-confirmed rats were then given glibenclamide (4.5 mg/kg), C. grandis extract (300 mg/kg), B. balsamifera extract (150 mg/kg), and the combined extracts with a dose ratio of 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1. The treatment was performed for 28 days and fasting blood glucose was tested once a week. The pancreas and liver organs were taken on day 29 for antioxidant, histological, and immunohistochemical assessment. RESULTS Among all the extracts, the combined extract with a ratio of 1:3 showed the greatest glucose lowering effect. This combination also lowered malondialdehyde levels while increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase levels in the pancreas and liver organs. Histological examination showed this combination regenerated the islet of Langerhans. It also increased pancreatic insulin expression in immunohistochemical evaluation. CONCLUSION This study revealed that the combined extracts of C. grandis and B. balsamifera exhibited enhanced antidiabetic activity via ameliorating oxidative stress, regenerating β-cells, and increasing insulin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Made Wisnu Adhi Putra
- Department of Biology, University of Dhyana Pura, Badung, Bali, Indonesia; Doctoral Program in Pharmacy Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nanang Fakhrudin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arief Nurrochmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Subagus Wahyuono
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Singh P, Walia V, Verma PK. Hypoglycemia and anxiolysis mediated by levofloxacin treatment in diabetic rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:1197-1209. [PMID: 37975146 PMCID: PMC10638278 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01234-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The present study was designed to determine the effect of levofloxacin (LVX) treatment on the blood glucose level, insulin sensitivity, anxiety level, nitrite and MDA level of STZ induced diabetic rats. Methods Wistar rats were used in the present study. The rats were made diabetic by the administration of single dose of STZ (45 mg/kg, i.p.) and NAD (50 mg/kg, i.p.). The rats with the blood glucose level greater than 200 mg/dl were considered as diabetic (confirmed at day-3 of STZ-NAD administration). The non-diabetic rats were considered as control and received saline.Diabetic rats received metformin (50 mg/kg, p.o.) and LVX (20, 25, 30 and 35 mg/kg, i.p.) daily for 14 days (starting from the day at which STZ was injected). Following administration on 14th day,the blood sample was collected and the rats were subjected to behavioral assays for the determination of locomotor activity and anxiety level. Plasma was separated and used for the estimation ofnitrite and malondialdehyde (MDA)level. On 15th day OGTT was performed in the overnight fasted rats for the assessment of insulin sensitivity. Results The results obtained suggested that the administration of STZ-NAD induced the hyperglycemia at day-3 of administration. Diabetic rats displayed the significant increase in blood glucose, anxiety related behavior, MDA level while significant decrease in the insulin sensitivity and plasma nitrite level. Daily administration of metformin to the diabetic rats decreased the blood glucose level, increased the time spent at the center of open field, reversed the anxiety related behavior in LDT and EPM, did not affect the plasma nitrite level, decreased the plasma MDA level, decreased the fasting glucose level and AUC in OGTT assay. LVX (30 and 35 mg/kg) treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose level of diabetic rats. LVX (20, 25 and 30 mg/kg) treatment significantly decreased the number of square crossing while LVX (20, 25, 30 and 35) treatment significantly increased the time spent at the center of the field by the diabetic rats. LVX (20 and 35 mg/kg) treatment significantly reversed the STZ induced anxiety in LDT while LVX (20, 30 and 35 mg/kg) treatment significantly reversed the STZ induced anxiety in EPM test. LVX (20, 25 and 35 mg/kg) treatment significantly increased the plasma nitrite level and LVX (20-35 mg/kg) treatment significantly decreased the MDA level of diabetic rats. Further only LVX (35 mg/kg) treatment significantly decreased the fasting glucose level and increased the AUC of diabetic rats. Conclusion In conclusion, STZ-NAD administration increased the blood glucose level, anxiety related behavior, decreased the plasma nitrite and increased the MDA level. LVX administration potentiated the diabetogenic effects of STZ-NAD in rats. Daily administration of LVX decreased the blood glucose level of diabetic rats. LVX administration alleviated the STZ induced anxiety in OFT, LDT and EPM test. LVX administration increased the plasma nitrite level and decreased the lipid peroxidation in diabetic rats. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01234-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001 Haryana India
| | - Vaibhav Walia
- SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana India
| | - Prabhakar Kumar Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001 Haryana India
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Bednarska K, Fecka I, Scheijen JLJM, Ahles S, Vangrieken P, Schalkwijk CG. A Citrus and Pomegranate Complex Reduces Methylglyoxal in Healthy Elderly Subjects: Secondary Analysis of a Double-Blind Randomized Cross-Over Clinical Trial. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13168. [PMID: 37685975 PMCID: PMC10488144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive α-dicarbonyls (α-DCs), such as methylglyoxal (MGO), glyoxal (GO), and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), are potent precursors in the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In particular, MGO and MGO-derived AGEs are thought to be involved in the development of vascular complications in diabetes. Experimental studies showed that citrus and pomegranate polyphenols can scavenge α-DCs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a citrus and pomegranate complex (CPC) on the α-DCs plasma levels in a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial, where thirty-six elderly subjects were enrolled. They received either 500 mg of Citrus sinensis peel extract and 200 mg of Punica granatum concentrate in CPC capsules or placebo capsules for 4 weeks, with a 4-week washout period in between. For the determination of α-DCs concentrations, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used. Following four weeks of CPC supplementation, plasma levels of MGO decreased by 9.8% (-18.7 nmol/L; 95% CI: -36.7, -0.7 nmol/L; p = 0.042). Our findings suggest that CPC supplementation may represent a promising strategy for mitigating the conditions associated with MGO involvement. This study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03781999.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Bednarska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Fecka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- The Committee on Therapeutics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Polish Academy of Sciences, Pl. Defilad 1, 00-901 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jean L. J. M. Scheijen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (J.L.J.M.S.); (P.V.); (C.G.S.)
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Ahles
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- BioActor BV, 6229 GS Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Vangrieken
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (J.L.J.M.S.); (P.V.); (C.G.S.)
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Casper G. Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (J.L.J.M.S.); (P.V.); (C.G.S.)
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Yu M, Gouvinhas I, Pires MJ, Neuparth MJ, Costa RMGD, Medeiros R, Bastos MMSM, Vala H, Félix L, Venâncio C, Barros AIRNA, Oliveira PA. Study on the antineoplastic and toxicological effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) leaf infusion using the K14-HPV16 transgenic mouse model. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 174:113689. [PMID: 36858299 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) has been used in functional foods due to its various health benefits. However, the in vivo biological potential of its leaf remains little known. This study has aimed to characterize the antineoplastic and toxicological properties of using pomegranate leaf infusion (PLI) on transgenic mice carrying human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 oncogenes. Thirty-eight mice were divided into 3 wild-type (WT) and 3 transgenic (HPV) groups, with exposure to 0.5% PLI, 1.0% PLI, and water. The animals' body weight, drink and food consumption were recorded. Internal organs, skin samples and intracardiac blood were collected to evaluate toxicological parameters, neoplastic lesions and oxidative stress. The results indicated that PLI was safe as no mortality, no behavioural disorders and no significant differences in the levels of microhematocrit, serum biochemical markers, internal organ histology, and oxidative stress was found among the WT groups. Histological analysis revealed that HPV animals that consumed PLI exhibited reduced hepatic, renal and cutaneous lesions compared with the HPV control group. Low-dose PLI consumption significantly diminished renal hydronephrosis lesions and relieved dysplasia and carcinoma lesions in the chest skin. Oxidative stress analysis showed that low-dose PLI consumption may have more benefits than high-dose PLI. These results suggest that oral administration of PLI has the potential to alleviate non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions against HPV16-induced organ and skin injuries, though this requires further scientific research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyou Yu
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Irene Gouvinhas
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria J Pires
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), TOXRUN- Toxicology Research Unit University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Maria J Neuparth
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports of the University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), TOXRUN- Toxicology Research Unit University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Rui M Gil da Costa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Postgraduate Programme in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Morphology Department and University Hospital (HUUFMA), Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Brazil; Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISEI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/ Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (PortoCCC), Porto, Portugal; LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISEI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/ Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (PortoCCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida M S M Bastos
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Vala
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Agrarian School of Viseu, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Luis Félix
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Venâncio
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), TOXRUN- Toxicology Research Unit University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Ana I R N A Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
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Daniel AI, Gara TY, Atolagbe SO, Agboola AM, Salisu FE, Tsado R, Fadaka AO, Mavumengwana V, Keyster M, Klein A. Nelsonia canescens (Acanthaceae) aqueous extract and partitioned fractions ameliorates type-2 diabetes in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-022-00445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that affects the body’s ability to produce or use insulin. There is a continuous rise of this disease particularly in developing countries due to changes in life style and poverty among the people. In this study, antidiabetic activities of aqueous extract of Nelsonia canescens and its partitioned fractions in alloxan-induced diabetic rats were evaluated. Male albino rats were divided into 9 groups (diabetic and non-diabetic) of 5 rats each. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal administration of alloxan (90 mg/kgbwt). The experimental design consists of a diabetic control group (untreated), a normal control group (1 mL saline), a standard diabetic drug (Glibenclamide; 5 mg/kgbwt), two doses (50 and 300 mg/kgbwt) of aqueous extract, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of Nelsonia canescens were orally administered for a period 21 days. Blood glucose of the rats was monitored at 3-days intervals while biochemical and in vivo antioxidant assays of serum and liver were determined after 21 days.
Results
The hypoglycemic effect of the extract observed was in a dose dependent manner with a significant reduction (p < 0.05) of blood glucose in ethylaceate fraction > aqueous extract > methanol fraction compared with the diabetic control group. A significant difference (p < 0.05) in lipid profiles and serum enzyme activity of rats in the diabetic control group was observed compared with the extract and fraction treated groups.
Conclusion
The results suggest that the aqueous extract and fractions of N. canescens showed hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potentials and significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the progression of oxidative stress.
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Machado JCB, Ferreira MRA, Soares LAL. Punica granatum leaves as a source of active compounds: A review of biological activities, bioactive compounds, food, and technological application. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bilal H, Sharif A, Malik MNH, Zubair HM. Aqueous Ethanolic Extract of Adiantum incisum Forssk. Protects against Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus via Attenuation of α-Amylase and Oxidative Stress. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:37724-37735. [PMID: 36312418 PMCID: PMC9607679 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Purpose : This study was designed to investigate the antidiabetic effects of the aqueous ethanolic extract of Adiantum incisum Forssk. whole plant (AE-AI) in order to validate the folkloric claim. Methods : Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus (TII DM) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. STZ-induced diabetic rats were later treated orally with either AE-AI (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) or glibenclamide for 35 days. Blood glucose levels were measured weekly and on day 35, animals were sacrificed, and blood samples and tissues were harvested for subsequent antioxidant and histopathological analyses. AE-AI was also analyzed in vitro for phytochemical, antioxidant, and α-amylase inhibitory assays. Results : The phytochemical screening of AE-AI confirmed the presence of essential bioactive compounds like cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins, and fixed oils. AE-AI demonstrated abundant amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid contents and displayed prominent antioxidant activity as assessed via DPPH, phosphomolybdate, and nitric oxide scavenging assays. AE-AI treatment also showed α-amylase inhibitory activity comparable to acarbose. In addition, AE-AI treatment exhibited a wide margin of safety in rats and dose-dependently reduced STZ-induced blood glucose levels. Moreover, AE-AI increased the levels of GSH, SOD, catalase, and reduced MDA, and therefore prevented pathological effects of STZ on the kidney, liver, and pancreas. The blood glucose regulatory effect and antioxidant activity of AE-AI also aided in normalizing TII DM-mediated dyslipidemias. GC-MS analysis also demonstrated several potential antidiabetic phytoconstituents in AE-AI. Conclusion : These findings reveal that AE-AI possesses certain pharmacologically active compounds that can effectively treat STZ-induced TII DM owing to its antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Sharif
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore54000, Pakistan
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Medicinal uses, pharmacological activities, phytochemistry, and the molecular mechanisms of Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) plant extracts: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Sisay W, Andargie Y, Molla M, Tessema G, Singh P. Glinus lotoides linn. Seed extract as antidiabetic agent: In vitro and in vivo anti-glucolipotoxicity efficacy in Type-II diabetes mellitus. Metabol Open 2022; 14:100189. [PMID: 35637658 PMCID: PMC9142648 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2022.100189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes, especially type-II, prevailed despite recent medical advances. An edible G. lotoides (GL) seed is sold in Ethiopian traditional market such as 'Merkato' and used in folkloric medicine to treat diabetes. But to date not scientifically proven in this optic. As a result, this study set out to validate this claim. Methods Following G. lotoides seed has been extracted, its antidiabetic efficacy was initially validated in vitro before in vivo investigation. The in vitro activity was probed by employing carbohydrate and lipid metabolizing enzymes inhibition assay. Based on this fact, the in vivo antidiabetic efficacy was conducted in normoglycemic, oral glucose-loaded and streptozotocin (150 mg/kg)-nicotinamide (65 mg/kg)-elicited type II diabetic rats. Results The extract's LD50 was found to be greater than 2 g/kg. In vitro tests pill up evidence that seed extract foils carbohydrate and lipid metabolizing enzyme activities (p < 0.001). On the other hand, seed extract significantly abridged blood glucose in normoglycaemic rats markedly (p < 0.05-0.001). The highest dose exhibited the strongest glucose tolerance effect, with a maximum slaying (41.1%) in glucose-loaded rats' plasma glucose (p < 0.001). All doses of the extract ameliorate blood glucose levels significantly in diabetic rats after 4 weeks of therapy (p < 0.05-0.001). Likewise, all test doses tempered harmful lipides in diabetic rats markedly (p < 0.05-0.001). But HDL (p < 0.01-0.001) and body weight losses (p < 0.05-0.001) were rectified. Conclusion In consequence, our data unveils the safety and glucolipotoxicity inhibition potential of G. lotoides seed extract, authenticating the traditional standpoint that it might be converted into a viable anti-diabetic lead upon subsequent investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woretaw Sisay
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Yared Andargie
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Molla
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getaye Tessema
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Pradeep Singh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Laaraj N, Bouhrim M, Kharchoufa L, Tiji S, Bendaha H, Addi M, Drouet S, Hano C, Lorenzo JM, Bnouham M, Mimouni M. Phytochemical Analysis, α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibitory Activities and Acute Toxicity Studies of Extracts from Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Bark, a Valuable Agro-Industrial By-Product. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091353. [PMID: 35564076 PMCID: PMC9103815 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Punica granatum is a tree of the Punicaceae family which is widespread all over the world with several types of varieties. Its fruit juice is highly prized, whereas the bark, rich in in phytochemicals such as flavonoids, hydrolysable tannins, phenolic acids, and fatty acids, is regarded an agro-industrial waste. It is utilized in traditional medicine for its medicinal properties in the treatment and prevention of a variety of ailments. This study aims to extract and to separate the phytochemical compounds from the bark of P. granatum, to identify them and to study the inhibitory effect of its extracts against antidiabetic activity. First, we carried out successive hot extractions with solvents (chloroform, acetone, methanol, and water) of increasing polarity by the Soxhlet. Then, using both qualitative and quantitative phytochemical investigation, we were able to identify groups of chemicals that were present in all extracts. We identified the majority of the molecular structures of chemicals found in each extract using HPLC-DAD analysis. The inhibition against both intestinal α-glucosidase and pancreatic α-amylase enzymes by P. granatum extracts was used to evaluate their potential antidiabetic effect in vitro. Our results demonstrated the great potential of the acetone extract. Ellagic acid, (−)-catechin, vanillin and vanillic acid were proposed as the most active compounds by the correlation analysis, and their actions were confirmed through the calculation of their IC50 and the determination of their inhibition mechanisms by molecular modelling. To summarize, these results showed that P. granatum bark, a natural agro-industrial by-product, may constitute a promising option for antidiabetic therapeutic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassima Laaraj
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences Oujda (FSO), University Mohammed First (UMP), Oujda 60000, Morocco; (N.L.); (S.T.); (H.B.)
| | - Mohamed Bouhrim
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Oujda (FSO), University Mohammed First (UMP), Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.B.); (L.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Loubna Kharchoufa
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Oujda (FSO), University Mohammed First (UMP), Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.B.); (L.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Salima Tiji
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences Oujda (FSO), University Mohammed First (UMP), Oujda 60000, Morocco; (N.L.); (S.T.); (H.B.)
| | - Hasnae Bendaha
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences Oujda (FSO), University Mohammed First (UMP), Oujda 60000, Morocco; (N.L.); (S.T.); (H.B.)
| | - Mohamed Addi
- Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement, (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco;
| | - Samantha Drouet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRAE USC1328, Orleans University, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France;
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRAE USC1328, Orleans University, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France;
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Jose Manuel Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia Nº 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibraodas Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain;
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Oujda (FSO), University Mohammed First (UMP), Oujda 60000, Morocco; (M.B.); (L.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Mostafa Mimouni
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences Oujda (FSO), University Mohammed First (UMP), Oujda 60000, Morocco; (N.L.); (S.T.); (H.B.)
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (M.M.)
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12
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Aouadi K, Hajlaoui H, Arraouadi S, Ghannay S, Snoussi M, Kadri A. Phytochemical Profiling, Antimicrobial and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Potential of Phenolic-Enriched Extracts of the Aerial Parts from Echium humile Desf.: In Vitro Combined with In Silico Approach. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1131. [PMID: 35567133 PMCID: PMC9105953 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to evaluate the naturally occurring antimicrobial and antidiabetic potential of various Echium humile (E. humile) solvent extracts (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous). The bioactive compounds were identified using HPLC-MS, revealing the presence of sixteen phytochemical compounds, with the most abundant being p-coumaric acid, followed by 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, trans-ferulic acid and acacetin. Furthermore, E. humile extracts showed marked antimicrobial properties against human pathogen strains, with MIC values for the most relevant extracts (methanol and ethyl acetate) ranging from 0.19 to 6.25 mg/mL and 0.39 to 12.50 mg/mL, respectively. Likewise, methanol was found to be bactericidal towards S. aureus, B. cereus and M. luteus, fungicidal against P. catenulatum and F. oxysporum and have a bacteriostatic/fungicidal effect for the other strains. In addition, the E. humile methanolic extract had the greatest α-glucosidase inhibitory effect (IC50 = 0.06 ± 0.29 mg/mL), which is higher than the standard drug, acarbose (IC50 = 0.80 ± 1.81 mg/mL) and the aqueous extract (IC50 = 0.70 ± 0.67 mg/mL). A correlation study between the major phytochemicals and the evaluated activities was investigated. Docking studies evidenced that most of the identified phenolic compounds showed strong interactions into the binding sites of S. aureus tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase and human lysosomal acid-α-glucosidase, confirming their suitable inhibitory effect. In summary, these results may provide rational support to explore the clinical efficacy of E. humile and its secondary metabolites in the treatment of dual diabetes and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaïss Aouadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (S.G.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue of the Environment, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
| | - Hafedh Hajlaoui
- Research Unit Valorization and Optimization of Resource Exploitation (UR16ES04), Faculty of Science and Technology of Sidi Bouzid, Campus University Agricultural City, University of Kairouan, Sidi Bouzid 9100, Tunisia;
| | - Soumaya Arraouadi
- Regional Center of Agricultural Research (CRRA) Sidi Bouzid, Gafsa Road Km 6, PB 357, Sidi Bouzid 9100, Tunisia;
- Research Laboratory, Valorization of Non-Conventional Waters, University of Carthage, Road Hedi EL Karray, El Menzah IV, PB 10, Ariana 2080, Tunisia
| | - Siwar Ghannay
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (S.G.)
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia;
- Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Bio-Technology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Taher Hadded, B.P. 74, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Adel Kadri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
- Faculty of Science and Arts in Baljurashi, Albaha University, Albaha 65527, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Amin E, Abdel-Bakky MS, Darwish MA, Mohammed HA, Chigurupati S, Qureshi KA, Hassan MHA. The Glycemic Control Potential of Some Amaranthaceae Plants, with Particular Reference to In Vivo Antidiabetic Potential of Agathophora alopecuroides. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030973. [PMID: 35164238 PMCID: PMC8839903 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products continue to provide inspiring moieties for the treatment of various diseases. In this regard, investigation of wild plants, which have not been previously explored, is a promising strategy for reaching medicinally useful drugs. The present study aims to investigate the antidiabetic potential of nine Amaranthaceae plants: Agathophora alopecuroides, Anabasis lachnantha, Atriplex leucoclada, Cornulaca aucheri, Halothamnus bottae, Halothamnus iraqensis, Salicornia persia, Salsola arabica, and Salsola villosa, growing in the Qassim area, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The antidiabetic activity of the hydroalcoholic extracts was assessed using in vitro testing of α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory effects. Among the nine tested extracts, A. alopecuroides extract (AAE) displayed potent inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase enzyme with IC50 117.9 µg/mL noting better activity than Acarbose (IC50 191.4 µg/mL). Furthermore, AAE displayed the highest α- amylase inhibitory activity among the nine tested extracts, with IC50 90.9 µg/mL. Based upon in vitro testing results, the antidiabetic activity of the two doses (100 and 200 mg/kg) of AAE was studied in normoglycemic and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The effects of the extract on body weight, food and water intakes, random blood glucose level (RBGL), fasting blood glucose level (FBGL), insulin, total cholesterol, and triglycerides levels were investigated. Results indicated that oral administration of the two doses of AAE showed a significant dose-dependent increase (p < 0.05) in the body weight and serum insulin level, as well as a significant decrease in food and water intake, RBGL, FBGL, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, in STZ-induced diabetic mice, compared with the diabetic control group. Meanwhile, no significant differences of both extract doses were observed in normoglycemic mice when compared with normal control animals. This study revealed a promising antidiabetic activity of the wild plant A. alopecuroides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Amin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.); (S.C.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt;
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohamed Sadek Abdel-Bakky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11751, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Assem Darwish
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 11787, Egypt;
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.); (S.C.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11751, Egypt
| | - Sridevi Chigurupati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Kamal Ahmad Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Marwa H. A. Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt;
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14
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Zaky AS, Kandeil M, Abdel-Gabbar M, Fahmy EM, Almehmadi MM, Ali TM, Ahmed OM. The Antidiabetic Effects and Modes of Action of the Balanites aegyptiaca Fruit and Seed Aqueous Extracts in NA/STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:263. [PMID: 35213996 PMCID: PMC8876146 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that threatens human health. Medicinal plants have been a source of wide varieties of pharmacologically active constituents and used extensively as crude extracts or as pure compounds for treating various disease conditions. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects and the modes of action of the aqueous extracts of the fruits and seeds of Balanites aegyptiaca (B. aegyptiaca) in nicotinamide (NA)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis indicated that 3,4,6-tri-O-methyl-d-glucose and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- were the major components of the B. aegyptiaca fruit and seed extracts, respectively. A single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) 15 min after intraperitoneal NA injection (60 mg/kg b.w.) was administered to induce type 2 DM. After induction was established, the diabetic rats were treated with the B. aegyptiaca fruit and seed aqueous extracts (200 mg/kg b.w./day) via oral gavage for 4 weeks. As a result of the treatments with the B. aegyptiaca fruit and seed extracts, the treated diabetic-treated rats exhibited a significant improvement in the deleterious effects on oral glucose tolerance; serum insulin, and C-peptide levels; liver glycogen content; liver glucose-6-phosphatase and glycogen phosphorylase activities; serum lipid profile; serum free fatty acid level; liver lipid peroxidation; glutathione content and anti-oxidant enzyme (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase) activities; and the mRNA expression of the adipose tissue expression of the insulin receptor β-subunit. Moreover, the treatment with fruit and seed extracts also produced a remarkable improvement of the pancreatic islet architecture and integrity and increased the islet size and islet cell number. In conclusion, the B. aegyptiaca fruit and seed aqueous extracts exhibit potential anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects, which may be mediated by increasing the serum insulin levels, decreasing insulin resistance, and enhancing the anti-oxidant defense system in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa S. Zaky
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef P.O. Box 62521, Egypt; (A.S.Z.); (M.A.-G.)
| | - Mohamed Kandeil
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef P.O. Box 62521, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Gabbar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef P.O. Box 62521, Egypt; (A.S.Z.); (M.A.-G.)
| | - Eman M. Fahmy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan 11795, Egypt;
| | - Mazen M. Almehmadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tarek M. Ali
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Osama M. Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef P.O. Box 62521, Egypt
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15
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Elwekeel A, El Amir D, Mohamed EIA, Amin E, Hassan MHA, Zaki MA. Characterization of Possible α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Trigonella stellata Extract Using LC-MS and In Silico Molecular Docking. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11020208. [PMID: 35050096 PMCID: PMC8780848 DOI: 10.3390/plants11020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The current study accentuates the significance of performing the multiplex approach of LC-HRESIMS, biological activity, and docking studies in drug discovery, taking into consideration a review of the literature. In this regard, the investigation of antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Trigonella stellata collected from the Egyptian desert revealed a significant antioxidant capacity using DPPH with IC50 = 656.9 µg/mL and a moderate cytotoxicity against HepG2, MCF7, and CACO2, with IC50 values of 53.3, 48.3, and 55.8 µg/mL, respectively. The evaluation of total phenolic and flavonoid contents resulted in 32.8 mg GAE/g calculated as gallic acid equivalent and 5.6 mg RE/g calculated as rutin equivalent, respectively. Chemical profiling of T. stellata extract, using LC-HRESIMS analysis, revealed the presence of 15 metabolites, among which eleven compounds were detected for the first time in this species. Interestingly, in vitro testing of the antidiabetic activity of the alcoholic extract noted an α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity (IC50 = 559.4 µg/mL) better than that of the standard Acarbose (IC50 = 799.9 µg/mL), in addition to a moderate inhibition of the α-amylase enzyme (IC50 = 0.77 µg/mL) compared to Acarbose (IC50 = 0.21 µg/mL). α-Glucosidase inhibition was also virtualized by binding interactions through the molecular docking study, presenting a high binding activity of six flavonoid glycosides, as well as the diterpenoid compound graecumoside A and the alkaloid fenugreekine. Taken together, the conglomeration of LC-HRESIMS, antidiabetic activity, and molecular docking studies shed light on T. stellata as a promising antidiabetic herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Elwekeel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt; (A.E.); (D.E.A.); (E.I.A.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Dalia El Amir
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt; (A.E.); (D.E.A.); (E.I.A.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Enas I. A. Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt; (A.E.); (D.E.A.); (E.I.A.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Elham Amin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt; (A.E.); (D.E.A.); (E.I.A.M.); (E.A.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa H. A. Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt; (A.E.); (D.E.A.); (E.I.A.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Mohamed A. Zaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt; (A.E.); (D.E.A.); (E.I.A.M.); (E.A.)
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16
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Noor U, Soni S, Gupta E. Punica granatum Peel Waste - An Underutilized Substrate of Therapeutic Potential: An Overview. RECENT ADVANCES IN FOOD, NUTRITION & AGRICULTURE 2022; 13:103-119. [PMID: 36424801 DOI: 10.2174/2772574x14666221124163344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
India is the second largest consumer and producer of fruits globally. It leads to ample solid waste per year from fruit processing industries that have been proven hazardous to the surroundings. Punica granatum (Pomegranate) belongs to the Lythraceae subfamily Punicoideae, which exhibits immense nutritional properties and delicious flavoring components. The weight of this fruit mainly consists of peel, i.e., 50%, followed by 40% of arils and 10% of seeds. Thus, the major byproduct is peel that holds many valuable bioactive compounds in higher concentrations viz saponins, carotenoids, steroids, polyphenols, quercetin derivatives, caffeic acid, phenolic acids, flavonoids, ellagitannins, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, quinic acid, anthocyanidins, triterpenoids, glycosides, tannins, and many more. Consequently, it results in wideranging therapeutic applications, including antioxidative, anti-microbial, antihypertensive, anticarcinogenic, anti-genotoxic, anti-inflammatory, glucoregulation, cardio-protective, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects along with prebiotic potential. Considering their nutritional and therapeutic aspects, these peels can be used for many purposes rather than being disposed off. With a value-added approach, it is utilized in many food and non-food sectors. So, this review aims to explore the therapeutic potential of P. granatum peel and enlighten its diverse applications in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uroosa Noor
- Department of Family and Community Sciences, University of Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 211002, India
| | - Shashi Soni
- Department of Family and Community Sciences, University of Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 211002, India
| | - Ena Gupta
- Department of Family and Community Sciences, University of Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 211002, India
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17
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Ramadan S, Hegab AM, Al-Awthan YS, Al-Duais MA, Tayel AA, Al-Saman MA. Comparison of the Efficiency of Lepidium sativum, Ficus carica, and Punica granatum Methanolic Extracts in Relieving Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:6018835. [PMID: 34970629 PMCID: PMC8714380 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6018835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels that occurs either due to insufficient insulin production or mounting resistance to its action. The purpose of this study was to investigate if methanolic extracts of Lepidium sativum seeds, Ficus carica, and Punica granatum leaves had any effect on blood sugar levels in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats, as well as to explore the most effective extract. METHOD Healthy male albino rats weighing 185-266 g were divided into nine groups of eight rats each: normal control, diabetic control, diabetic rats with dietary supplements of L. sativum, F. carica, and P. granatum methanolic extracts, and diabetics treated with insulin. All of the rats were fed on ordinary diet with nutritional pellets and were given water ad libitum. To induce diabetes, all animals were administered with STZ intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight. For five weeks, the crude plant extracts were given orally to various groups of rats at doses of one hundred and two hundred mg/kg body weight. After that, animal groups were sacrificed and blood samples were taken. RESULTS Phytochemical analysis revealed that the highest amounts of polyphenolic compounds were present in L. sativum seeds and P. granatum leaves, while leaves of F. carica showed the highest amounts of alkaloid and flavonoid content compared to other extracts. Oral administration of F. carica and L. sativum extracts at the dosage of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly reduced glucose, lipid profile, kidney, and liver enzyme levels. A significant increase in HbAlc levels was also observed with L. sativum extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg compared to diabetic controls. Mellitus rats supplemented with 100 and 200 mg/kg methanolic extracts of P. granatum had higher serum triglycerides and lower serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) than normal control rats. F. carica extract is more effective than L. sativum and P. granatum extracts in the prevention and control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Ramadan
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Amany Mohamed Hegab
- Developmental Pharmacology Department, The National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Egypt
| | - Yahya S. Al-Awthan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, 71491 Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali Al-Duais
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, 71491 Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Tayel
- Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A. Al-Saman
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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18
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Yu M, Gouvinhas I, Barros A. Variation of the Polyphenolic Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Freshly Prepared Pomegranate Leaf Infusions over One-Day Storage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081187. [PMID: 34439435 PMCID: PMC8388870 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, an intensive search for natural and novel types of antioxidant polyphenolics has been carried out on numerous plant materials. However, the current literature has very little information on their storage stability in the form of freshly prepared infusions. This study aims to characterize the polyphenolic composition and the antioxidant capacity of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) leaf infusions over one-day storage (analyzed at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 h). Spectrophotometric evaluation demonstrated that the infusion presented no significant changes in the content of total phenols (131.40–133.47 mg gallic acid g−1) and ortho-diphenols (239.91–244.25 mg gallic acid g−1). The infusion also maintained high stability (over 98% and 82%, respectively) for flavonoids (53.30–55.84 mg rutin g−1) and condensed tannins (102.15–124.20 mg epicatechin g−1), with stable (>90%) potent antioxidant capacity (1.5–2.2 mmol Trolox g−1) throughout 0–24 h storage. The main decrease was observed during 0–2 h storage of flavonoids, 8–24 h storage of tannins, and 0–4 h storage of antioxidant capacity. Chromatographic analysis further revealed that 7 decreased and 11 increased compounds were found within 0–24 h storage. The good stability of the total polyphenolics and antioxidant properties might be related to the complex conversion and activity compensation among these compounds. The findings suggest that pomegranate leaf infusion could be of great interest in the valorization of high added-value by-products and in the application of green and functional alternatives in the food-pharma and nutraceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyou Yu
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)/Inov4Agro (Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Irene Gouvinhas
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)/Inov4Agro (Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (I.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Ana Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)/Inov4Agro (Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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