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Luan Q, Hu H, Ouyang X, Jiang X, Lin C, Zhu H, Shi T, Zhao YL, Wang J, Zhu J. New modifications of PBAT by a small amount of oxalic acid: Fast crystallization and enhanced degradation in all natural environments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133475. [PMID: 38219588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics are often mistakenly thought to be capable of degrading in any environment, but their slow degradation rate in the natural environment is still unsatisfactory. We synthetized a novel series of poly(butylene oxalate-co-adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBOAT) with unchanged melting point (135 °C), high elastic modulus (140 - 219 MPa) and elongation at break (478 - 769%). Fast isothermal crystallization with a semi-crystallization time < 20 s was demonstrated by the PBOAT. In N2 and air atmospheres, the PBOAT maintained the Td,5% higher than 329 °C. They also had good thermal stability at melt processing temperature for more than 20 min. PBOAT exhibited faster hydrolysis and seawater degradation, even under natural soil burial without light, but still kept stable under low humidity conditions during the storage and the shelf-life. Moreover, the hydrolysis mechanisms were clarified based on Fukui function analysis and DFT calculation, indicating that the hydrolysis of PBOAT would be more straightforward. The mechanism of soil burial is also elucidated through detailed characterization of the structure changes. The PBOAT offered a fresh approach to the development of high-performing, naturally degradable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Luan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Han Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
| | - Xingyu Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jiang
- Cambridge A level Center, Zhenhai High School of Zhejiang, No.32 Gulou East Road, Zhenhai, Ningbo 315200, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Hanxu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yi-Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
| | - Jin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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Guidotti G, Soccio M, Gazzano M, Siracusa V, Lotti N. New Random Aromatic/Aliphatic Copolymers of 2,5-Furandicarboxylic and Camphoric Acids with Tunable Mechanical Properties and Exceptional Gas Barrier Capability for Sustainable Mono-Layered Food Packaging. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104056. [PMID: 37241804 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
High molecular weight, fully biobased random copolymers of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (2,5-FDCA) containing different amounts of (1R, 3S)-(+)-Camphoric Acid (CA) have been successfully synthesized by two-stage melt polycondensation and compression molding in the form of films. The synthesized copolyesters have been first subjected to molecular characterization by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gel-permeation chromatography. Afterward, the samples have been characterized from a thermal and structural point of view by means of differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and wide-angle X-ray scattering, respectively. Mechanical and barrier properties to oxygen and carbon dioxide were also tested. The results obtained revealed that chemical modification permitted a modulation of the abovementioned properties depending on the amount of camphoric co-units present in the copolymers. The outstanding functional properties promoted by camphor moieties addition could be associated with improved interchain interactions (π-π ring stacking and hydrogen bonds).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guidotti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michelina Soccio
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Gazzano
- Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity Institute, ISOF, CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Siracusa
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Nadia Lotti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Agro-Food Research, CIRI-AGRO, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
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Xu PY, Liu TY, Huang D, Zhen ZC, Lu B, Li X, Zheng WZ, Zhang ZY, Wang GX, Ji JH. Enhanced degradability of novel PBATCL copolyester: study on the performance in different environment and exploration of mechanism. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Iglesias-Montes ML, Soccio M, Siracusa V, Gazzano M, Lotti N, Cyras VP, Manfredi LB. Chitin Nanocomposite Based on Plasticized Poly(lactic acid)/Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PLA/PHB) Blends as Fully Biodegradable Packaging Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153177. [PMID: 35956691 PMCID: PMC9370966 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fully bio-based poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) blends plasticized with tributyrin (TB), and their nanocomposite based on chitin nanoparticles (ChNPs) was developed using melt mixing followed by a compression molding process. The combination of PHB and ChNPs had an impact on the crystallinity of the plasticized PLA matrix, thus improving its oxygen and carbon dioxide barrier properties as well as displaying a UV light-blocking effect. The addition of 2 wt% of ChNP induced an improvement on the initial thermal degradation temperature and the overall migration behavior of blends, which had been compromised by the presence of TB. All processed materials were fully disintegrated under composting conditions, suggesting their potential application as fully biodegradable packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena L. Iglesias-Montes
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata—Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina; (M.L.I.-M.); (V.P.C.)
| | - Michelina Soccio
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (L.B.M.); Tel.: +39-0512090360 (M.S.); +54-2236260600 (L.B.M.)
| | - Valentina Siracusa
- Chemical Science Department, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Massimo Gazzano
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Nadia Lotti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Agro-Food Research, CIRI-AGRO, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Viviana P. Cyras
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata—Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina; (M.L.I.-M.); (V.P.C.)
| | - Liliana B. Manfredi
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata—Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina; (M.L.I.-M.); (V.P.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (L.B.M.); Tel.: +39-0512090360 (M.S.); +54-2236260600 (L.B.M.)
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Carter P, Trettin JL, Lee TH, Chalgren NL, Forrester MJ, Shanks BH, Tessonnier JP, Cochran EW. Bioenabled Platform to Access Polyamides with Built-In Target Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9548-9553. [PMID: 35522967 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The diversification of platform chemicals is key to today's petroleum industry. Likewise, the flourishing of tomorrow's biorefineries will rely on molecules with next-generation properties from biomass. Herein, we explore this opportunity with a novel approach to monomers with custom property enhancements. Cyclic diacids with alkyl and aromatic decorations were synthesized from muconic acid by Diels-Alder cycloaddition, and copolymerized with hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid to yield polyamides with built-in hydrophobicity and flame retardancy. Testing shows a 70% reduction in water uptake and doubling of char production while largely retaining other key properties of the parent Nylon-6,6. The present approach can be generalized to access a wide range of performance-advantaged polyamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerana Carter
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Center for Biorenewable Chemicals (CBiRC), Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - James L Trettin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Ting-Han Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Nickolas L Chalgren
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Michael J Forrester
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Brent H Shanks
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Center for Biorenewable Chemicals (CBiRC), Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Jean-Philippe Tessonnier
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Center for Biorenewable Chemicals (CBiRC), Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Eric W Cochran
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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Guidotti G, Burzotta G, Soccio M, Gazzano M, Siracusa V, Munari A, Lotti N. Chemical Modification of Poly(butylene trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate) by Camphor: A New Example of Bio-Based Polyesters for Sustainable Food Packaging. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2707. [PMID: 34451247 PMCID: PMC8400230 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the several actions contributing to the development of a sustainable society, there is the eco-design of new plastic materials with zero environmental impact but that are possibly characterized by properties comparable to those of the traditional fossil-based plastics. This action is particularly urgent for food packaging sector, which involves large volumes of plastic products that quickly become waste. This work aims to contribute to the achievement of this important goal, proposing new bio-based cycloaliphatic polymers based on trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid and containing different amount of camphoric acid (from 0 to 15 mol %), a cheap and bio-based building block. Such chemical modification was conducted in the melt by avoiding the use of solvents. The so-obtained polymers were processed in the form of films by compression molding. Afterwards, the new and successfully synthesized random copolymers were characterized by molecular (NMR spectroscopy and GPC analysis), thermal (DSC and TGA analyses), diffractometric (wide angle X-ray scattering), mechanical (through tensile tests), and O2 and CO2 barrier point of view together with the parent homopolymer. The article aims to relate the results obtained with the amount of camphoric moiety introduced and to present, the different microstructure in the copolymers in more detail; indeed, in these samples, a different crystalline form developed (the so-called β-PBCE). This latter form was the kinetically favored and less packed one, as proven by the lower equilibrium melting temperature determined for the first time by Baur's equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guidotti
- Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering Department, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (G.G.); (G.B.); (A.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Gianfranco Burzotta
- Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering Department, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (G.G.); (G.B.); (A.M.); (N.L.)
| | - Michelina Soccio
- Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering Department, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (G.G.); (G.B.); (A.M.); (N.L.)
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Gazzano
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, ISOF-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Valentina Siracusa
- Department of Chemical Science (DSC), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Munari
- Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering Department, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (G.G.); (G.B.); (A.M.); (N.L.)
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nadia Lotti
- Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering Department, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (G.G.); (G.B.); (A.M.); (N.L.)
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Agro-Food Research, CIRI-AGRO, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Guidotti G, Soccio M, Lotti N, Siracusa V, Gazzano M, Munari A. New multi-block copolyester of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid containing PEG-like sequences to form flexible and degradable films for sustainable packaging. Polym Degrad Stab 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.108963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Guidotti G, Genovese L, Soccio M, Gigli M, Munari A, Siracusa V, Lotti N. Block Copolyesters Containing 2,5-Furan and trans-1,4-Cyclohexane Subunits with Outstanding Gas Barrier Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2187. [PMID: 31052594 PMCID: PMC6539254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopolymers are gaining increasing importance as substitutes for plastics derived from fossil fuels, especially for packaging applications. In particular, furanoate-based polyesters appear as the most credible alternative due to their intriguing physic/mechanical and gas barrier properties. In this study, block copolyesters containing 2,5-furan and trans-1,4-cyclohexane moieties were synthesized by reactive blending, starting from the two parent homopolymers: poly(propylene furanoate) (PPF) and poly(propylene cyclohexanedicarboxylate) (PPCE). The whole range of molecular architectures, from long block to random copolymer with a fixed molar composition (1:1 of the two repeating units) was considered. Molecular, thermal, tensile, and gas barrier properties of the prepared materials were investigated and correlated to the copolymer structure. A strict dependence of the functional properties on the copolymers' block length was found. In particular, short block copolymers, thanks to the introduction of more flexible cyclohexane-containing co-units, displayed high elongation at break and low elastic modulus, thus overcoming PPF's intrinsic rigidity. Furthermore, the exceptionally low gas permeabilities of PPF were further improved due to the concomitant action of the two rings, both capable of acting as mesogenic groups in the presence of flexible aliphatic units, and thus responsible for the formation of 1D/2D ordered domains, which in turn impart outstanding barrier properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guidotti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Laura Genovese
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Michelina Soccio
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Matteo Gigli
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy.
| | - Andrea Munari
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Valentina Siracusa
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Nadia Lotti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.
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