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Meira RM, Ribeiro S, Irastorza I, Silván U, Lanceros-Mendez S, Ribeiro C. Electroactive poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene)/graphene composites for cardiac tissue engineering applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 663:73-81. [PMID: 38394819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Electroactive materials are increasingly being used in strategies to regenerate cardiac tissue. These materials, particularly those with electrical conductivity, are used to actively recreate the electromechanical nature of the cardiac tissue. In the present work, we describe a novel combination of poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)), a highly electroactive polymer, with graphene (G), exhibiting high electrical conductivity. G/P(VDF-TrFE) films have been characterized in terms of topographical, physico-chemical, mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties, and studied the response of cardiomyocytes adhering to them. The results indicate that the crystallinity and the wettability of the composites remain almost unaffected after G incorporation. In turn, surface roughness, Young modulus, and electric properties are higher in G/P(VDF-TrFE). Finally, the composites are highly biocompatible and able to support cardiomyocyte adhesion and proliferation, particularly surface treated ones, demonstrating the suitability of these materials for cardiac tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Meira
- CF-UM-UP - Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - S Ribeiro
- CF-UM-UP - Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - I Irastorza
- CF-UM-UP - Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - U Silván
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - S Lanceros-Mendez
- CF-UM-UP - Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - C Ribeiro
- CF-UM-UP - Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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2
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Meng C, Liu X, Li J. Hierarchical porous PLLA/ACP fibrous membrane towards bone tissue scaffold. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 152:106455. [PMID: 38335647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Electrospun fibres have emerged as vital components in developing tissue engineering scaffolds. Calcium phosphate-based materials, renowned for their bioactivity and biocompatibility, have garnered considerable attention in biomedical applications. This study focuses on the incorporation of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) nanoparticles into poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) to produce electrospun PLLA/ACP fibrous membranes. Subsequent treatment with acetone yielded a hierarchical porous structure, boasting an ultra-high surface area of 94.7753 ± 0.3884 m2/g. The ACP nanoparticles, initially encapsulated by PLLA, were exposed on the fibre surface after acetone treatment. Furthermore, the porous PLLA/ACP fibrous membrane exhibited superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus = 0.148 GPa, tensile strength = 3.05 MPa) and enhanced wettability. In a 7-day in vitro cell culture with human osteoblast-like cells, the porous PLLA/ACP fibrous membrane demonstrated a significant improvement in osteoblast adhesion and proliferation, with a proliferation rate increase of 252.0% and 298.7% at day 4 and day 7, respectively. These findings underscore the potential of the porous PLLA/ACP fibrous membrane as a promising candidate for bone tissue scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Meng
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Xuzhao Liu
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK; Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jiashen Li
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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3
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Handley E, Callanan A. Effects of electrospun fibers containing ascorbic acid on oxidative stress reduction for cardiac tissue engineering. J Appl Polym Sci 2023; 140:e54242. [PMID: 38439767 PMCID: PMC10909520 DOI: 10.1002/app.54242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering provides promise for regeneration of cardiac tissue following myocardial infarction. However, the harsh microenvironment of the infarct hampers the efficacy of regenerative therapies. Ischemia-reperfusion injury dramatically increases the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the infarcted area, causing a cascade of further cellular injury. Implantable tissue engineered grafts can target this oxidative stress by delivering pharmaceutical compounds directly into the diseased tissue. Herein, we successfully fabricated electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers containing varying concentrations of ascorbic acid, a potent antioxidant well known for its ROS-scavenging capabilities. The antioxidant scaffolds displayed significantly improved scavenging of DPPH radicals, superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals, in a dose dependent manner. Mechanical properties testing indicated that incorporation of ascorbic acid enhanced the strength and Young's modulus of the material, correlating with a moderate but non-significant increase in the crystallinity. Moreover, the scaffolds supported adhesion and maintained survival of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro, indicating good cytocompatibility. These results provide motivation for the use of ascorbic acid-containing fibrous scaffolds to regulate the highly oxidative microenvironment following myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella‐Louise Handley
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of EngineeringUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Anthony Callanan
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of EngineeringUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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4
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Rafieyan S, Vasheghani-Farahani E, Baheiraei N, Keshavarz H. MLATE: Machine learning for predicting cell behavior on cardiac tissue engineering scaffolds. Comput Biol Med 2023; 158:106804. [PMID: 36989740 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide and is responsible for millions of deaths annually. One of the most promising approaches to deal with this problem, which has spread recently, is cardiac tissue engineering (CTE). Many researchers have tried developing scaffolds with different materials, cell lines, and fabrication methods to help regenerate heart tissue. Machine learning (ML) is one of the hottest topics in science and technology, revolutionizing many fields and changing our perspective on solving problems. As a result of using ML, some scientific issues have been resolved, including protein-folding, a challenging problem in biology that remained unsolved for 50 years. However, it is not well addressed in tissue engineering. An AI-based software was developed by our group called MLATE (Machine Learning Applications in Tissue Engineering) to tackle tissue engineering challenges, which highly depend on conducting costly and time-consuming experiments. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a CTE scaffold dataset was created by collecting specifications from the literature, including different materials, cell lines, and fabrication methods commonly used in CTE scaffold development. These specifications were used as variables in the study. Then, the CTE scaffolds were rated based on cell behaviors such as cell viability, growth, proliferation, and differentiation on the scaffold on a scale of 0-3. These ratings were considered a function of the variables in the gathered dataset. It should be stated that this study was merely based on information available in the literature. Then, twenty-eight ML algorithms were applied to determine the most effective one for predicting cell behavior on CTE scaffolds fabricated by different materials, compositions, and methods. The results indicated the high performance of XGBoost with an accuracy of 87%. Also, by implementing ensemble learning algorithms and using five algorithms with the best performance, an accuracy of 93% with the AdaBoost Classifier and Voting Classifier was achieved. Finally, the open-source software developed in this study was made available for everyone by publishing the best model along with a step-by-step guide to using it online at: https://github.com/saeedrafieyan/MLATE.
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Ravindran Girija A, Strudwick X, Balasubramanian S, Palaninathan V, Nair SD, Cowin AJ. Collagen Functionalization of Polymeric Electrospun Scaffolds to Improve Integration into Full-Thickness Wounds. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030880. [PMID: 36986741 PMCID: PMC10056316 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Electrospun fibers are widely studied in regenerative medicine for their ability to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) and provide mechanical support. In vitro studies indicated that cell adhesion and migration is superior on smooth poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) electrospun scaffolds and porous scaffolds once biofunctionalized with collagen. Methods: The in vivo performance of PLLA scaffolds with modified topology and collagen biofunctionalization in full-thickness mouse wounds was assessed by cellular infiltration, wound closure and re-epithelialization and ECM deposition. Results: Early indications suggested unmodified, smooth PLLA scaffolds perform poorly, with limited cellular infiltration and matrix deposition around the scaffold, the largest wound area, a significantly larger panniculus gape, and lowest re-epithelialization; however, by day 14, no significant differences were observed. Collagen biofunctionalization may improve healing, as collagen-functionalized smooth scaffolds were smallest overall, and collagen-functionalized porous scaffolds were smaller than non-functionalized porous scaffolds; the highest re-epithelialization was observed in wounds treated with collagen-functionalized scaffolds. Conclusion: Our results suggest that limited incorporation of smooth PLLA scaffolds into the healing wound occurs, and that altering surface topology, particularly by utilizing collagen biofunctionalization, may improve healing. The differing performance of the unmodified scaffolds in the in vitro versus in vivo studies demonstrates the importance of preclinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xanthe Strudwick
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | | | - Vivekanandan Palaninathan
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe 350-0815, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sakthikumar Dasappan Nair
- Bio Nano Electronics Research Center, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe 350-0815, Saitama, Japan
| | - Allison J. Cowin
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-883025018
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Bikuna‐Izagirre M, Aldazabal J, Extramiana L, Moreno‐Montañés J, Carnero E, Paredes J. Technological advances in ocular trabecular meshwork in vitro models for glaucoma research. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:2698-2714. [PMID: 35836364 PMCID: PMC9543213 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and is characterized by the progressive degeneration of the optic nerve. Intraocular pressure (IOP), which is considered to be the main risk factor for glaucoma development, builds up in response to the resistance (resistance to what?) provided by the trabecular meshwork (TM) to aqueous humor (AH) outflow. Although the TM and its relationship to AH outflow have remained at the forefront of scientific interest, researchers remain uncertain regarding which mechanisms drive the deterioration of the TM. Current tissue-engineering fabrication techniques have come up with promising approaches to successfully recreate the TM. Nonetheless, more accurate models are needed to understand the factors that make glaucoma arise. In this review, we provide a chronological evaluation of the technological milestones that have taken place in the field of glaucoma research, and we conduct a comprehensive comparison of available TM fabrication technologies. Additionally, we also discuss AH perfusion platforms, since they are essential for the validation of these scaffolds, as well as pressure-outflow relationship studies and the discovery of new IOP-reduction therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bikuna‐Izagirre
- Tecnun School of EngineeringUniversity of NavarraSan SebastiánSpain
- Biomedical Engineering CenterUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | - Javier Aldazabal
- Tecnun School of EngineeringUniversity of NavarraSan SebastiánSpain
- Biomedical Engineering CenterUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | - Leire Extramiana
- Departamento de oftalmología ClínicaClínica Universidad de NavarraPamplonaEspaña
| | | | - Elena Carnero
- Departamento de oftalmología ClínicaClínica Universidad de NavarraPamplonaEspaña
| | - Jacobo Paredes
- Tecnun School of EngineeringUniversity of NavarraSan SebastiánSpain
- Biomedical Engineering CenterUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain
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7
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Kumar S, Bhowmik S. Potential use of natural fiber-reinforced polymer biocomposites in knee prostheses: a review on fair inclusion in amputees. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-022-01077-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Alamdari SG, Alibakhshi A, de la Guardia M, Baradaran B, Mohammadzadeh R, Amini M, Kesharwani P, Mokhtarzadeh A, Oroojalian F, Sahebkar A. Conductive and Semiconductive Nanocomposite-Based Hydrogels for Cardiac Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200526. [PMID: 35822350 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and the most common cause is myocardial infarction. Therefore, appropriate approaches should be used to repair damaged heart tissue. Recently, cardiac tissue engineering approaches have been extensively studied. Since the creation of the nature of cardiovascular tissue engineering, many advances have been made in cellular and scaffolding technologies. Due to the hydrated and porous structures of the hydrogel, they are used as a support matrix to deliver cells to the infarct tissue. In heart tissue regeneration, bioactive and biodegradable hydrogels are required by simulating native tissue microenvironments to support myocardial wall stress in addition to preserving cells. Recently, the use of nanostructured hydrogels has increased the use of nanocomposite hydrogels and has revolutionized the field of cardiac tissue engineering. Therefore, to overcome the limitation of the use of hydrogels due to their mechanical fragility, various nanoparticles of polymers, metal, and carbon are used in tissue engineering and create a new opportunity to provide hydrogels with excellent properties. Here, the types of synthetic and natural polymer hydrogels, nanocarbon-based hydrogels, and other nanoparticle-based materials used for cardiac tissue engineering with emphasis on conductive nanostructured hydrogels are briefly introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sania Ghobadi Alamdari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, 83111-55181, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5165665931, Iran
| | - Abbas Alibakhshi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517838736, Iran
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot, Valencia, 46100, Spain
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5165665931, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, 83111-55181, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5165665931, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5165665931, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, 94149-75516, Iran.,Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, 94149-75516, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177899191, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177899191, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177899191, Iran
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9
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Meira RM, Correia DM, García Díez A, Lanceros-Mendez S, Ribeiro C. Ionic liquid-based electroactive materials: a novel approach for cardiac tissue engineering strategies. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6472-6482. [PMID: 35968772 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01155g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac tissue regeneration strategies are increasingly taking advantage of electroactive scaffolds to actively recreate the tissue microenvironment. In this context, this work reports on advanced materials based on two different ionic liquids (ILs), 2-hydroxyethyl-trimethylammonium dihydrogen phosphate ([Ch][DHP]) and choline bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Ch][TFSI]), combined with poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) for the development of ionic electroactive IL/polymer hybrid materials for cardiac tissue engineering (TE). The morphological, physico-chemical, thermal and electrical properties of the hybrid materials, as well as their potential use as scaffolds for cardiac TE applications, were evaluated. Besides inducing changes in surface topography, roughness and wettability of the composites, the incorporation of [Ch][DHP] and [Ch][TFSI] leads to the increase in surface (σsurface) and volume (σvolume) electrical conductivities. Furthermore, washing the hybrid samples with phosphate-buffered saline solution strongly decreases the σsurface, whereas σsurface and σvolume of the composites remain almost unaltered after exposure to ultraviolet sterilization treatment. Additionally, it is verified that the incorporation of IL influences the P(VDF-TrFE) microstructure and crystallization process, acting as a defect during its crystallization. Cytotoxicity assays revealed that hybrid films based on [Ch][DHP] alone are not cytotoxic. These films also support H9c2 myoblast cell adhesion and proliferation, demonstrating their suitability for cardiac TE strategies based on electroactive microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Meira
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. .,LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - D M Correia
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. .,Centre of Chemistry, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - A García Díez
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - S Lanceros-Mendez
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - C Ribeiro
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. .,LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Relationship between the Antifungal Activity of Chitosan-Capsaicin Nanoparticles and the Oxidative Stress Response on Aspergillus parasiticus. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142774. [PMID: 35890550 PMCID: PMC9322876 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The fungus Aspergillus parasiticus is a contaminant in agricultural crops and its eradication involves the indiscriminate use of harmful synthetic pesticides. In the search for antifungal agents of natural origin, chitosan (Q) and capsaicin (C) are coupled in the form of nanoparticles (Np), which can possess a direct application under specific conditions. Due to their small size, Np can cross through the cell wall, taking the cells into a pro-oxidant environment known as “oxidative stress”, which presents when the reactive oxygen species (ROS) surpass the number of antioxidants in the cell. In the present investigation, nanoparticles of chitosan (Np Q) and nanoparticles of chitosan-capsaicin (Np QC) with an average diameter of 44.8 ± 20.6 nm and 111.1 ± 14.1 nm, respectively, were synthesized, and there was a zeta potential of + 25.6 ± 0.7 mV and + 26.8 ± 6.1 mV, respectively. The effect of the concentration of Np Q (A, B, C, and D), of Np QC (A, B, C, and D), and capsaicin in a solution (control) was evaluated on the viability of the spores, the accumulation of intracellular ROS, and the morphometric changes of A. parasiticus. Acute toxicity of the Np was determined utilizing bioassays with Artemia salina, and acute phytotoxicity was evaluated in lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa). According to ROS results, capsaicin (control) did not induce oxidative stress in the cell; otherwise, it was observed to have an elevated (p < 0.05) accumulation of ROS when the concentration of Np Q increased. For both, Np Q and Np QC, an inverse physiological pattern relating spore viability and ROS accumulation in the fungus was found; the viability of spores decreased as the ROS accumulation increased. The spore viability of A. parasiticus diminished upon increasing the concentration of chitosan (0.3−0.4 mg/mL) in the Np, while the intracellular accumulation of ROS increased proportionally to the concentration of the nanomaterials in the treatments of Np Q and Np QC. On the other hand, Np QC presented a lower (p < 0.05) toxicological effect in comparison with Np Q, which indicates that the incorporation of bioactive compounds, such as capsaicin, into nanoparticles of chitosan is a strategy that permits the reduction of the toxicity associated with nanostructured materials.
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11
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Pournemati B, Tabesh H, Jenabi A, Mehdinavaz Aghdam R, Hossein Rezayan A, Poorkhalil A, Ahmadi Tafti SH, Mottaghy K. Injectable conductive nanocomposite hydrogels for cardiac tissue engineering: Focusing on carbon and metal-based nanostructures. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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12
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Ghofrani A, Taghavi L, Khalilivavdareh B, Rohani Shirvan A, Nouri A. Additive manufacturing and advanced functionalities of cardiac patches: A review. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Hussain MWA, Garg P, Yazji JH, Alomari M, Alamouti-fard E, Wadiwala I, Jacob S. Is a Bioengineered Heart From Recipient Tissues the Answer to the Shortage of Donors in Heart Transplantation? Cureus 2022; 14:e25329. [PMID: 35637923 PMCID: PMC9132496 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increase in life expectancy worldwide, end-organ failure is becoming more prevalent. In addition, improving post-transplant outcomes has contributed to soaring demand for organs. Unfortunately, thousands have died waiting on the transplant list due to the critical shortage of organs. The success of bioengineered hearts may eventually lead to the production of limitless organs using the patient’s own cells that can be transplanted into them without the need for immunosuppressive medications. Despite being in its infancy, scientists are making tremendous strides in “growing” an artificial heart in the lab. We discuss these processes involved in bioengineering a human-compatible heart in this review. The components of a functional heart must be replicated in a bioengineered heart to make it viable. This review aims to discuss the advances that have already been made and the future challenges of bioengineering a human heart suitable for transplantation.
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Bikuna-Izagirre M, Aldazabal J, Paredes J. Gelatin Blends Enhance Performance of Electrospun Polymeric Scaffolds in Comparison to Coating Protocols. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071311. [PMID: 35406188 PMCID: PMC9002644 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The electrospinning of hybrid polymers is a versatile fabrication technique which takes advantage of the biological properties of natural polymers and the mechanical properties of synthetic polymers. However, the literature is scarce when it comes to comparisons of blends regarding coatings and the improvements offered thereby in terms of cellular performance. To address this, in the present study, nanofibrous electrospun scaffolds of polycaprolactone (PCL), their coating and their blend with gelatin were compared. The morphology of nanofibrous scaffolds was analyzed under field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), indicating the influence of the presence of gelatin. The scaffolds were mechanically tested with tensile tests; PCL and PCL gelatin coated scaffolds showed higher elastic moduli than PCL/gelatin meshes. Viability of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) was evaluated by MTT assay, and cell proliferation on the scaffold was confirmed by fluorescence staining. The positive results of the MTT assay and cell growth indicated that the scaffolds of PCL/gelatin excelled in comparison to other scaffolds, and may serve as good candidates for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bikuna-Izagirre
- Tecnun School of Engineering, University of Navarra, Manuel Lardizabal 13, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (M.B.-I.); (J.A.)
- Biomedical Engineering Centre, University of Navarra, Campus Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Aldazabal
- Tecnun School of Engineering, University of Navarra, Manuel Lardizabal 13, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (M.B.-I.); (J.A.)
- Biomedical Engineering Centre, University of Navarra, Campus Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jacobo Paredes
- Tecnun School of Engineering, University of Navarra, Manuel Lardizabal 13, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; (M.B.-I.); (J.A.)
- Biomedical Engineering Centre, University of Navarra, Campus Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Mehrotra S, de Melo BAG, Miscuglio M, Kiaee K, Shin SR, Mandal BB. Mimicking Native Heart Tissue Physiology and Pathology in Silk Fibroin Constructs through a Perfusion-Based Dynamic Mechanical Stimulation Microdevice. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101678. [PMID: 34971210 PMCID: PMC11041525 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In vitro cardiomyocyte (CM) maturation is an imperative step to replicate native heart tissue-like structures as cardiac tissue grafts or as drug screening platforms. CMs are known to interpret biophysical cues such as stiffness, topography, external mechanical stimulation or dynamic perfusion load through mechanotransduction and change their behavior, organization, and maturation. In this regard, a silk-based cardiac tissue (CT) coupled with a dynamic perfusion-based mechanical stimulation platform (DMM) for achieving maturation and functionality in vitro is tried to be delivered. Silk fibroin (SF) is used to fabricate lamellar scaffolds to provide native tissue-like anisotropic architecture and is found to be nonimmunogenic and biocompatible allowing cardiomyocyte attachment and growth in vitro. Further, the scaffolds display excellent mechanical properties by their ability to undergo cyclic compressions without any deformation when places in the DMM. Gradient compression strains (5% to 20%), mimicking the native physiological and pathological conditions, are applied to the cardiomyocyte culture seeded on lamellar silk scaffolds in the DMM. A strain-dependent difference in cardiomyocyte maturation, gene expression, sarcomere elongation, and extracellular matrix formation is observed. These silk-based CTs matured in the DMM can open up several avenues toward the development of host-specific grafts and in vitro models for drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Mehrotra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Bruna Alice Gomes de Melo
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04039-002, Brazil
| | - Mario Miscuglio
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Kiavash Kiaee
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Biman B Mandal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
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16
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Farahani A, Zarei-Hanzaki A, Abedi HR, Tayebi L, Mostafavi E. Polylactic Acid Piezo-Biopolymers: Chemistry, Structural Evolution, Fabrication Methods, and Tissue Engineering Applications. J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:71. [PMID: 34940550 PMCID: PMC8704870 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12040071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polylactide acid (PLA), as an FDA-approved biomaterial, has been widely applied due to its unique merits, such as its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and piezoelectricity. Numerous utilizations, including sensors, actuators, and bio-application-its most exciting application to promote cell migration, differentiation, growth, and protein-surface interaction-originate from the piezoelectricity effect. Since PLA exhibits piezoelectricity in both crystalline structure and an amorphous state, it is crucial to study it closely to understand the source of such a phenomenon. In this respect, in the current study, we first reviewed the methods promoting piezoelectricity. The present work is a comprehensive review that was conducted to promote the low piezoelectric constant of PLA in numerous procedures. In this respect, its chemistry and structural origins have been explored in detail. Combining any other variables to induce a specific application or to improve any PLA barriers, namely, its hydrophobicity, poor electrical conductivity, or the tuning of its mechanical properties, especially in the application of cardiovascular tissue engineering, is also discussed wherever relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Farahani
- Hot Deformation & Thermomechanical Processing Laboratory of High Performance Engineering Materials, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 11155-4563, Iran
| | - Abbas Zarei-Hanzaki
- Hot Deformation & Thermomechanical Processing Laboratory of High Performance Engineering Materials, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 11155-4563, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Abedi
- School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA;
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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17
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JK-2 loaded electrospun membrane for promoting bone regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 130:112471. [PMID: 34702545 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been as an essential gasotransmitter and a potential therapeutic approach for several biomedical treatments such as cardiovascular disorders, hypertension, and other diseases. The endogenous and exogenous H2S also plays a crucial role in the bone anabolic process and a protective mechanism in cell signalling. In this study, we have utilized two types of polymers, polycaprolactone (PCL) and gelatin (Gel), for the fabrication of JK-2 (H2S donor) loaded nanofibrous scaffold via electrospinning process for bone healing and bone tissue engineering. Comparing the PCL/Gel and PCL/Gel-JK-2 scaffolds, the latter demonstrated enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation capabilities. Furthermore, both experimental scaffolds have been subjected to an in vivo experiment for 4 and 8 weeks in a bone-defect model of a rabbit to determine their biological responses under physiological conditions. There was an obvious increase in bone regeneration in the PCL/Gel-JK-2 group compared to the control and PCL/Gel groups. These results indicate the use of PCL/Gel scaffolds loaded with JK-2 should be considered for possible bone regeneration.
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18
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Chu X, Wang M, Qiu X, Huang Y, Li T, Otieno E, Li N, Luo L, Xiao X. Strategies for constructing pluripotent stem cell- and progenitor cell-derived three-dimensional cardiac micro-tissues. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 110:488-503. [PMID: 34397148 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cardiac micro-tissue is a promising model for simulating the structural and functional features of heart in vitro. This scientific achievement provides a platform for exploration about the mechanisms on the development, damage, and regeneration of tissue, hence, paving a way toward development of novel therapies for heart diseases. However, 3D micro-tissue technology is still in its infant stages faced with many challenges such as incompleteness of the tissue microarchitecture, loss of the resident immune cells, poor reproducibility, and deficiencies in continuously feeding the nutrients and removing wastes during micro-tissue culturing. There is an urgent need to optimize the construction of 3D cardiac micro-tissue and improve functions of the involved cells. Therefore, scaffolds and cell resources for building 3D cardiac micro-tissues, strategies for inducing the maturation and functionalization of pluripotent stem cell- or cardiac progenitor cell-derived cardiomyocytes, and the major challenges were reviewed in this writing to enable future fabrication of 3D cardiac micro-tissues or organoids for drug screening, disease modeling, regeneration treatment, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Chu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Institute of Laboratory Animals Science, Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qiu
- Department of Animal Husbandry Engineering, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Edward Otieno
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiong Xiao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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19
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Woodley JP, Lambert DW, Asencio IO. Understanding Fibroblast Behavior in 3D Biomaterials. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:569-578. [PMID: 34102862 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Traditional monolayer culture fails to fully recapitulate the in vivo environment of connective tissue cells such as the fibroblast. When cultured on stiff two-dimensional (2D) plastic, fibroblasts become highly proliferative forming broad lamellipodia and stress fibers. Conversely, in different three-dimensional (3D) culture systems, fibroblasts have displayed a diverse array of features; from an "activated" phenotype like that observed in 2D cultures and by myofibroblasts, to a quiescent state that likely better represents in vivo fibroblasts at rest. Today, a plethora of microfabrication techniques have made 3D culture commonplace, for both tissue engineering purposes and in the study of basic biological interactions. However, establishing the in vivo mimetic credentials of different biomimetic materials is not always straightforward, particularly in the context of fibroblast responses. Fibroblast behavior is governed by the complex interplay of biological features such as integrin binding sites, material mechanical properties that influence cellular mechanotransduction, and microarchitectural features like pore and fiber size, as well as chemical cues. Furthermore, fibroblasts are a heterogeneous group of cells with specific phenotypic traits dependent on their tissue of origin. These features have made understanding the influence of biomaterials on fibroblast behavior a challenging task. In this study, we present a review of the strategies used to investigate fibroblast behavior with a focus on the material properties that influence fibroblast activation, a process that becomes pathological in fibrotic diseases and certain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe P Woodley
- Bioengineering and Health Technologies Group, The School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel W Lambert
- Integrated Bioscience Group, The School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ilida Ortega Asencio
- Bioengineering and Health Technologies Group, The School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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20
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Litowczenko J, Woźniak-Budych MJ, Staszak K, Wieszczycka K, Jurga S, Tylkowski B. Milestones and current achievements in development of multifunctional bioscaffolds for medical application. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2412-2438. [PMID: 33553825 PMCID: PMC7847813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field, which aims to restore or improve lost tissue function. Despite that TE was introduced more than 20 years ago, innovative and more sophisticated trends and technologies point to new challenges and development. Current challenges involve the demand for multifunctional bioscaffolds which can stimulate tissue regrowth by biochemical curves, biomimetic patterns, active agents and proper cell types. For those purposes especially promising are carefully chosen primary cells or stem cells due to its high proliferative and differentiation potential. This review summarized a variety of recently reported advanced bioscaffolds which present new functions by combining polymers, nanomaterials, bioactive agents and cells depending on its desired application. In particular necessity of study biomaterial-cell interactions with in vitro cell culture models, and studies using animals with in vivo systems were discuss to permit the analysis of full material biocompatibility. Although these bioscaffolds have shown a significant therapeutic effect in nervous, cardiovascular and muscle, tissue engineering, there are still many remaining unsolved challenges for scaffolds improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagoda Litowczenko
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta J. Woźniak-Budych
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Staszak
- Institute of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Berdychowo 4, Poznan, Poland
| | - Karolina Wieszczycka
- Institute of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Berdychowo 4, Poznan, Poland
| | - Stefan Jurga
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartosz Tylkowski
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Chemical Technologies Unit, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
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21
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Seguret M, Vermersch E, Jouve C, Hulot JS. Cardiac Organoids to Model and Heal Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:563. [PMID: 34069816 PMCID: PMC8157277 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac tissue engineering aims at creating contractile structures that can optimally reproduce the features of human cardiac tissue. These constructs are becoming valuable tools to model some of the cardiac functions, to set preclinical platforms for drug testing, or to alternatively be used as therapies for cardiac repair approaches. Most of the recent developments in cardiac tissue engineering have been made possible by important advances regarding the efficient generation of cardiac cells from pluripotent stem cells and the use of novel biomaterials and microfabrication methods. Different combinations of cells, biomaterials, scaffolds, and geometries are however possible, which results in different types of structures with gradual complexities and abilities to mimic the native cardiac tissue. Here, we intend to cover key aspects of tissue engineering applied to cardiology and the consequent development of cardiac organoids. This review presents various facets of the construction of human cardiac 3D constructs, from the choice of the components to their patterning, the final geometry of generated tissues, and the subsequent readouts and applications to model and treat cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Seguret
- INSERM, PARCC, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.S.); (E.V.); (C.J.)
| | - Eva Vermersch
- INSERM, PARCC, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.S.); (E.V.); (C.J.)
| | - Charlène Jouve
- INSERM, PARCC, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.S.); (E.V.); (C.J.)
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hulot
- INSERM, PARCC, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (M.S.); (E.V.); (C.J.)
- CIC1418 and DMU CARTE, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France
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22
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Santos ARMP, Jang Y, Son I, Kim J, Park Y. Recapitulating Cardiac Structure and Function In Vitro from Simple to Complex Engineering. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12040386. [PMID: 33916254 PMCID: PMC8067203 DOI: 10.3390/mi12040386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac tissue engineering aims to generate in vivo-like functional tissue for the study of cardiac development, homeostasis, and regeneration. Since the heart is composed of various types of cells and extracellular matrix with a specific microenvironment, the fabrication of cardiac tissue in vitro requires integrating technologies of cardiac cells, biomaterials, fabrication, and computational modeling to model the complexity of heart tissue. Here, we review the recent progress of engineering techniques from simple to complex for fabricating matured cardiac tissue in vitro. Advancements in cardiomyocytes, extracellular matrix, geometry, and computational modeling will be discussed based on a technology perspective and their use for preparation of functional cardiac tissue. Since the heart is a very complex system at multiscale levels, an understanding of each technique and their interactions would be highly beneficial to the development of a fully functional heart in cardiac tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jongseong Kim
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (Y.P.); Tel.: +82-10-8858-7260 (J.K.); +82-10-4260-6460 (Y.P.)
| | - Yongdoo Park
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (Y.P.); Tel.: +82-10-8858-7260 (J.K.); +82-10-4260-6460 (Y.P.)
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23
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Patil VA, Masters KS. Engineered Collagen Matrices. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E163. [PMID: 33339157 PMCID: PMC7765577 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7040163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals, accounting for approximately one-third of the total protein in the human body. Thus, it is a logical choice for the creation of biomimetic environments, and there is a long history of using collagen matrices for various tissue engineering applications. However, from a biomaterial perspective, the use of collagen-only scaffolds is associated with many challenges. Namely, the mechanical properties of collagen matrices can be difficult to tune across a wide range of values, and collagen itself is not highly amenable to direct chemical modification without affecting its architecture or bioactivity. Thus, many approaches have been pursued to design scaffold environments that display critical features of collagen but enable improved tunability of physical and biological characteristics. This paper provides a brief overview of approaches that have been employed to create such engineered collagen matrices. Specifically, these approaches include blending of collagen with other natural or synthetic polymers, chemical modifications of denatured collagen, de novo creation of collagen-mimetic chains, and reductionist methods to incorporate collagen moieties into other materials. These advancements in the creation of tunable, engineered collagen matrices will continue to enable the interrogation of novel and increasingly complex biological questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristyn S. Masters
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
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24
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Chandika P, Heo SY, Kim TH, Oh GW, Kim GH, Kim MS, Jung WK. Recent advances in biological macromolecule based tissue-engineered composite scaffolds for cardiac tissue regeneration applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:2329-2357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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A Concise Review on Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes for Personalized Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 17:748-776. [PMID: 33098306 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are derived from somatic cells by using reprogramming factors such as Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) or Oct4, Sox2, Nanog and Lin28 (OSNL). They resemble embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and have the ability to differentiate into cell lineage of all three germ-layer, including cardiomyocytes (CMs). The CMs can be generated from iPSCs by inducing embryoid bodies (EBs) formation and treatment with activin A, bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4), and inhibitors of Wnt signaling. However, these iPSC-derived CMs are a heterogeneous population of cells and require purification and maturation to mimic the in vivo CMs. The matured CMs can be used for various therapeutic purposes in regenerative medicine by cardiomyoplasty or through the development of tissue-engineered cardiac patches. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in the isolation of iPSC and their differentiation, purification, and maturation into clinically usable CMs. Newer small molecules have also been identified to substitute the reprogramming factors for iPSC generation as well as for direct differentiation of somatic cells into CMs without an intermediary pluripotent state. This review provides a concise update on the generation of iPSC-derived CMs and their application in personalized cardiac regenerative medicine. It also discusses the current limitations and challenges in the application of iPSC-derived CMs. Graphical abstract.
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26
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Jarrell DK, Vanderslice EJ, VeDepo MC, Jacot JG. Engineering Myocardium for Heart Regeneration-Advancements, Considerations, and Future Directions. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:586261. [PMID: 33195474 PMCID: PMC7588355 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.586261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States among both adults and infants. In adults, 5-year survival after a heart attack is <60%, and congenital heart defects are the top killer of liveborn infants. Problematically, the regenerative capacity of the heart is extremely limited, even in newborns. Furthermore, suitable donor hearts for transplant cannot meet the demand and require recipients to use immunosuppressants for life. Tissue engineered myocardium has the potential to replace dead or fibrotic heart tissue in adults and could also be used to permanently repair congenital heart defects in infants. In addition, engineering functional myocardium could facilitate the development of a whole bioartificial heart. Here, we review and compare in vitro and in situ myocardial tissue engineering strategies. In the context of this comparison, we consider three challenges that must be addressed in the engineering of myocardial tissue: recapitulation of myocardial architecture, vascularization of the tissue, and modulation of the immune system. In addition to reviewing and analyzing current progress, we recommend specific strategies for the generation of tissue engineered myocardial patches for heart regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillon K Jarrell
- Jacot Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Ethan J Vanderslice
- Jacot Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Mitchell C VeDepo
- Jacot Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jeffrey G Jacot
- Jacot Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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27
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Samanta P, Srivastava R, Nandan B. Fabrication and crystallization behavior of hollow poly(
l
‐lactic acid) nanofibers. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pratick Samanta
- Department of Textile Technology Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden
| | - Rajiv Srivastava
- Department of Textile Technology Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
| | - Bhanu Nandan
- Department of Textile Technology Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
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28
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Zhao H, Liu M, Zhang Y, Yin J, Pei R. Nanocomposite hydrogels for tissue engineering applications. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:14976-14995. [PMID: 32644089 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03785k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is an important field of regenerative medicine, which combines scaffolds and cell transplantation to develop substitute tissues and/or promote tissue regeneration. Hydrogels, a three-dimensional network with high water content and biocompatibility, have been widely used as scaffolds to mimic the structure and properties of tissues. However, the low mechanical strength and limited functions of traditional hydrogels greatly limited their applications in tissue engineering. Recently, nanocomposite hydrogels, with its advantages of high mechanical property and some unique properties (such as electrical conductivity, antibacterial, antioxidation, magnetic responsiveness), have emerged as the most versatile and innovative technology, which provides a new opportunity as a unique tool for fabricating hydrogels with excellent properties. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in fabricating nanocomposite hydrogels and their applications in tissue engineering. In addition, the future and prospects of nanocomposite hydrogels for tissue engineering are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Zhao
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China and CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jingbo Yin
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Renjun Pei
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
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29
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Zhu J, Tang D, Lu Z, Xin Z, Song J, Meng J, Lu JR, Li Z, Li J. Ultrafast bone-like apatite formation on highly porous poly(l-lactic acid)-hydroxyapatite fibres. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111168. [PMID: 32806301 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In order to provide a favourable environment for living bone formation, it is an essential condition to grow bone-like apatite layer at the interface between the tissue-implant and its surrounding tissues. Inspired by the chemical composition and the nano porous structure of natural bones, we developed an ultrafast and accessible route to accelerate effectively the formation of bone-like apatite on the surface of porous poly(l-lactic acid)-hydroxyapatite (PLLA-HA) composite fibres in 5 times simulated body fluid (5SBF). The key of the method lays in successful exposure of HA nanoparticles on the surface of PLLA fibres by acetone treatment of electrospun PLLA-HA nano/micro fibres. The recrystallization of PLLA chains uncovers more HA nanoparticles on the surface of every fibre which provide nucleation sites for calcium and phosphate ions. After only 2 h of immersing in 5SBF, a full layer of apatite completely covered on the surface of porous PLLA-HA fibres. The results indicate that HA nanoparticles on porous fibre surface can accelerate the kinetic deposition of apatite on fibre surface. Biological in vitro cell culture with human osteoblast-like cell for up to 7 days demonstrates that the incorporation of HA nanoparticles on the surface of porous PLLA fibrous membranes leads to significant enhance osteoblast adhesion and proliferation. The route can open avenues for development of fibrous PLLA biomaterials for hard tissue repair and substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Dexin Tang
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Zihan Lu
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Zhiying Xin
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jun Song
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jinmin Meng
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jian R Lu
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Textile and Garment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiashen Li
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
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Ravindran Girija A, Palaninathan V, Strudwick X, Balasubramanian S, Dasappan Nair S, Cowin AJ. Collagen-functionalized electrospun smooth and porous polymeric scaffolds for the development of human skin-equivalent. RSC Adv 2020; 10:26594-26603. [PMID: 35515800 PMCID: PMC9055397 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04648e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospun polymer fibers have garnered substantial importance in regenerative medicine owing to their intrinsic 3D topography, extracellular matrix microenvironment, biochemical flexibility, and mechanical support. In particular, a material's nano-topography can have a significant effect on cellular responses, including adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and migration. In this study, poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA), a biodegradable polymer with excellent biocompatibility was electrospun into fibers with either smooth or porous topologies. The scaffolds were further modified and biofunctionalized with 0.01% and 0.1% collagen to enhance bioactivity and improve cellular interactions. Human keratinocytes (HaCaTs) and fibroblasts (human foreskin fibroblasts-HFF) were cultured on the scaffolds using a modified co-culture technique, where keratinocytes were grown on the dorsal plane for 5 days, followed by flipping, seeding with fibroblasts on the ventral plane and culturing for a further 5 days. Following this, cellular adhesion of the skin cells on both the unmodified and collagen-modified scaffolds (smooth and porous) was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and immunofluorescence. Distinct outcomes were observed with the unmodified smooth scaffolds showing superior cell adhesion than the porous scaffolds. Modification of the porous and smooth scaffolds with 0.1% collagen enhanced the adhesion and migration of both keratinocytes and fibroblasts to these scaffolds. Further, the collagen-modified scaffolds (both porous and smooth) produced confluent and uniform epidermal sheets of keratinocytes on one plane with healthy fibroblasts populated within the scaffolds. Thus, presenting a vast potential to serve as a self-organized skin substitute this may be a promising biomaterial for development as a dressing for patients suffering from wounds. Collagen-functionalized electrospun smooth and porous poly(l-lactide) scaffolds supporting keratinocytes and fibroblasts as a potential model to serve as self-organized skin substitute.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xanthe Strudwick
- Future Industries Institute
- University of South Australia
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | | | | | - Allison J. Cowin
- Future Industries Institute
- University of South Australia
- Adelaide
- Australia
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