1
|
Kang MM, He X, Cui J, Wang J, Hu W, Zhu L, Shao ZB. Aldehyde-free and bio-based durable coatings for cellulose fabrics with high flame retardancy, antibacteria and well wearing performance. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128744. [PMID: 38123033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The bio-based coatings of cellulose fabrics (cotton) had attracted increasing attention for multifunction and sustainability but suffered from poor durability and low efficiency. Here, the aldehyde-free and durable coatings for cotton fabrics (CPZ@CF) with satisfactory flame retardancy, antibacteria as well as wearing performance were prepared through the interfacial coordination effect where the well-organized zinc phytate complex were in situ grew on the pre-treated surface of cotton fabrics with chitosan (CS) and Zn2+. The CZP@CF exhibited excellent antibacterial activity for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) with 99.99 % antibacterial rates benefiting from the synergistic effect between Zn2+ and CS. Meanwhile, even the CPZ coatings loading was only 1.5 wt%, the fire safety of CZP@CF remarkably enhanced owing to the excellent synergistic catalytic charring and free radical capture. More importantly, the antibacterial rates of CZP@CF for S. aureus and E. coli still reached 99.99 % and 91.67 % after 50 washing cycles. Additionally, this treatment method did not deteriorate the fabrics properties, including mechanical and breathability as well as wearing performance, which provided the approach to fabricate the flame retardant and antibacterial textiles with well durability and wearing performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Kang
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xinhua He
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingluan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Wei Hu
- College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Longxiang Zhu
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Zhu-Bao Shao
- Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fire-Safety Materials D & A (Shandong), Qingdao Key Laboratory of Flame-Retardant Textile Materials, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road, 308, Qingdao 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fan S, Gao X, Yang X, Li X. Infusing phytate-based biomass flame retardants into the cellulose lumens of Chinese fir wood attains superior flame retardant efficacy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128975. [PMID: 38147971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
To be suitable for certain construction and furniture applications, wood must be treated with a flame retardant and impregnating flame retardants into the cellulose lumens of wood is an effective flame retardant method. Phytic acid, the main storage form of phosphorus in various plant tissues, is an inexpensive, and non-toxic biomaterial that shows potential applications as an environmentally friendly bio-based flame retardant. In this study, phytic acid and zinc phytate were used to impregnate delignified wood under vacuum and pressure, which greatly enhanced the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of Chinese fir, while still maintaining its original texture. Phytic acid and zinc phytate were hydrogen-bonded to cellulose in wood. Phytic acid and zinc phytate were hydrogen-bonded to cellulose in wood. The results showed that the total heat release (THR) of Chinese fir treated with zinc phytate decreased from 55.66 MJ/m2 to 5.90 MJ/m2, and a compact carbonized protective layer was quickly formed on the surface of Chinese fir after ignition. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the char yield of Chinese fir treated by the flame retardant was 177.6 % higher than that of untreated wood. This study provides an efficient, sustainable, and economical method to prepare Chinese fir with excellent flame retardancy and thermal insulation performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shutong Fan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xun Gao
- College of Architecture and Energy Engineering, Wenzhou University of Technology, Wenzhou 325006, China
| | - Xi Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Xianjun Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Beduini A, Albanese D, Carosio F, Manfredi A, Ranucci E, Ferruti P, Alongi J. On the Suitability of Phosphonate-Containing Polyamidoamines as Cotton Flame Retardants. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081869. [PMID: 37112016 PMCID: PMC10144353 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel polyamidoamine (M-PCASS) bearing a disulfide group and two phosphonate groups per repeat unit was obtained by reacting N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide with a purposely designed bis-sec-amine monomer, namely, tetraethyl(((disulfanediylbis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(azanediyl))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(phosphonate) (PCASS). The aim was to ascertain whether the introduction of phosphonate groups, well-known for inducing cotton charring in the repeat unit of a disulfide-containing PAA, increased its already remarkable flame retardant efficacy for cotton. The performance of M-PCASS was evaluated by different combustion tests, choosing M-CYSS, a polyamidoamine containing a disulfide group but no phosphonate groups, as a benchmark. In horizontal flame spread tests (HFSTs), M-PCASS was a more effective flame retardant than M-CYSS at lower add-ons with no afterglow. In vertical flame spread tests, the only effect was afterglow suppression with no self-extinguishment even at add-ons higher than in HFSTs. In oxygen-consumption cone calorimetry tests, M-PCASS decreased the heat release rate peak of cotton by 16%, the CO2 emission by 50%, and the smoke release by 83%, leaving a 10% residue to be compared with a negligible residue for untreated cotton. Overall, the set of results obtained envisage that the newly synthesized phosphonate-containing PAA M-PCASS may be suitable for specific applications as flame retardant, where smoke suppression or reduction of total gas released is a key requirement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Beduini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Albanese
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Carosio
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Alessandria Campus, Via T. Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Amedea Manfredi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ranucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ferruti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Jenny Alongi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dong YQ, Bai WB, Zhang W, Lin YC, Jian RK. Bio-based phytic acid@polyurushiol‑titanium complex coated cotton fabrics with durable flame retardancy for oil-water separation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123782. [PMID: 36822294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Bio-based hydrophobic coating modified cotton fabrics with durable flame retardancy are of high interest in the application of oil-water separation for not only avoiding the use of hazardous substances but also improving the fire safety during use. Herein, phytic acid@Polyurushiol‑titanium complex coated cotton fabric was developed using the facile dip-coating method involving the sequential immersion in the solution of poly(ethyleneimine), phytic acid, titanium oxide, and urushiol. The underlying coating accommodated abundance of phytic acid, which imparted excellent flame retardancy to cotton fabric, and the top coating composed of the polyurushiol‑titanium complex endowed cotton fabric with high hydrophobicity that the water contact angle (WCA) was up to 149.8°. The hydrophobicity also guaranteed effective protection of the underlying phytic acid against chemical solvents and abrasion. Besides, the hydrophobic coating allowed cotton fabric for good self-cleaning and effective oil-water separation. Therefore, the preparation of phytic acid@polyurushiol‑titanium complex coated cotton fabric offers a promising approach to construct durable biomass-coated cellulose-based fabric with multifunctionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qi Dong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Wei-Bin Bai
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Yu-Cai Lin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Rong-Kun Jian
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kang M, Chen S, Yang R, Li D, Zhang W. Fabrication of an Eco-Friendly Clay-Based Coating for Enhancing Flame Retardant and Mechanical Properties of Cotton Fabrics via LbL Assembly. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224994. [PMID: 36433120 PMCID: PMC9695412 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An eco-friendly clay-based synergistic flame-retardant coating was established on cotton fabrics via facile layer-by-layer assembly derived from polyethyleneimine (PEI), attapulgite clay (ATP), and phytic acid (PA). The fabricated flame-retardant (FR) cotton fabrics demonstrated improved thermal stability. Compared to untreated cotton fabrics, the limiting oxygen index of Cotton-8TL was improved to 27.0%. The peak heat release rates of the prepared FR cotton fabrics were lower than that of the pristine cotton fabrics, showing a maximum reduction of 41%. The deposition coating system improved the amount of char residue effectively. The intumescent flame-retardant mechanism was proposed through the analysis of char residue and the suppression properties of volatile gases. Furthermore, compared with those of the untreated cotton fabrics, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the FR cotton fabrics in the warp direction were improved by 20% and 47% remarkably, respectively. A feasible surface modification strategy was provided for the flame-retardant treatment of cotton fabrics with the improvement of mechanical properties.
Collapse
|
6
|
One‐step flame retardant/hydrophobic finishing on cotton fabric with
ammonium salt of hexamethylenediamine ‐ N, N, N′, N′ ‐ tetra (methylphosphonic acid)
doped silica sol. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
7
|
Jiang Q, Li P, Liu Y, Zhu P. Phytic Acid-Iron/Laponite Coatings for Enhanced Flame Retardancy, Antidripping and Mechanical Properties of Flexible Polyurethane Foam. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169145. [PMID: 36012407 PMCID: PMC9408875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) is severely limited due to its flammability and dripping, which can easily cause major fire hazards. Therefore, choosing an appropriate flame retardant to solve this problem is an urgent need. A coating was prepared on the FPUF surface by dipping with phytic acid (PA), Fe2(SO4)3·xH2O, and laponite (LAP). The influence of PA-Fe/LAP coating on FPUF flame-retardant performance was explored by thermal stability, flame retardancy, combustion behavior, and smoke density analysis. FPUF/PA-Fe/LAP has a good performance in the small fire test, which can pass the UL-94 V-0 rating and the limiting oxygen index reaches 24.5%. Meanwhile, the peak heat release rate values and maximum smoke density of FPUF/PA-Fe/LAP are reduced by 38.7% and 38.5% compared with those of neat FPUF. After applying PA-Fe/LAP coating, the value of fire growth rate index decreases from 10.5 kW/(m2·s) to 5.1 kW/(m2·s), dramatically reducing the fire risk. Encouragingly, the effect of PA-Fe/LAP coating on cyclic compression and permanent deformation is small, which is close to that of neat FPUF. This work provides an effective strategy for making a flame-retardant FPUF with antidripping and keeping mechanical properties.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ding D, Liu Y, Lu Y, Liao Y, Chen Y, Zhang G, Zhang F. Highly effective and durable P-N synergistic flame retardant containing ammonium phosphate and phosphonate for cotton fabrics. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.109964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
9
|
Magovac E, Vončina B, Jordanov I, Grunlan JC, Bischof S. Layer-by-Layer Deposition: A Promising Environmentally Benign Flame-Retardant Treatment for Cotton, Polyester, Polyamide and Blended Textiles. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15020432. [PMID: 35057150 PMCID: PMC8779411 DOI: 10.3390/ma15020432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A detailed review of recent developments of layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition as a promising approach to reduce flammability of the most widely used fibers (cotton, polyester, polyamide and their blends) is presented. LbL deposition is an emerging green technology, showing numerous advantages over current commercially available finishing processes due to the use of water as a solvent for a variety of active substances. For flame-retardant (FR) purposes, different ingredients are able to build oppositely charged layers at very low concentrations in water (e.g., small organic molecules and macromolecules from renewable sources, inorganic compounds, metallic or oxide colloids, etc.). Since the layers on a textile substrate are bonded with pH and ion-sensitive electrostatic forces, the greatest technological drawback of LbL deposition for FR finishing is its non-resistance to washing cycles. Several possibilities of laundering durability improvements by different pre-treatments, as well as post-treatments to form covalent bonds between the layers, are presented in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Magovac
- Department of Textile Chemistry and Ecology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Textile Technology, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Bojana Vončina
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, 2609 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Igor Jordanov
- Department of Textiles, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia;
| | - Jaime C. Grunlan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Sandra Bischof
- Department of Textile Chemistry and Ecology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Textile Technology, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-14877357
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wan C, Liu S, Chen Y, Zhang F. Facile, one–pot, formaldehyde-free synthesis of reactive N P flame retardant for a biomolecule of cotton. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1659-1668. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|