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Li H, Huang J, Zhang H, Hang R, Wang Y. Preparation of Al-doped mesoporous silica spheres (Al-MSSs) for the improvement of mechanical properties and aging resistance of dental resin composites. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 157:106624. [PMID: 38861785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to synthesize Al-doped mesoporous silica spheres (Al-MSSs) and evaluate the effect of them as functional fillers on the mechanical properties and aging resistance of dental resin composites. METHODS Al-MSSs were prepared by a two-step method. The effect of Al-MSSs on the performance of the composites was evaluated using neat resin matrix, commercial composites 3M Z350XT and samples containing mesoporous silica spheres (MSSs) and nonporous silica spheres (NSSs) as control. The neat resin matrix consisted of resin monomer (Bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 49.5/49.5, wt%) and photoinitiator (camphor quinone/Ethyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate, 0.2/0.8, wt%). The mechanical properties (flexural strength, flexural modulus, compressive strength and microhardness) of them were evaluated by a universal testing machine and microhardness tester. The mechanical stabilities of the prepared composites in wet environment were evaluated by immersing them in deionized water at 37 °C. In addition, we evaluated the effect of Al-MSSs on other properties of the dental resin composites such as polymerization shrinkage, degree of conversion, curing depth, contact angle, water sorption and solubility according to ISO 4049: 2019. RESULTS The synthesized Al-MSSs possessed good dispersibility with an average particle size of about 505 ± 16 nm. The mechanical properties of resin composites gradually increased with the increase of the loading amounts of inorganic fillers. The reinforcing effect of Al-MSSs was similar to that of MSSs and better than that of the NSSs groups at the same filler loading. After aging in deionized water at 37 °C for 30 days, the mechanical properties of all resin composites decreased. However, the decrease percentage of the composites filled with Al-MSSs was significantly lower than the other groups, indicating that the stability of the dental composites in wet environments was significantly improved by the Al-MSSs fillers. Furthermore, Al-MSSs had no obvious influence on the biocompatibility and other properties of dental resins. SIGNIFICANCE The prepared Al-MSSs could effectively improve the mechanical properties and aging resistance without sacrificing other physic-chemical properties of dental resin composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaizhu Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 West Yingze Road, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 West Yingze Road, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 West Yingze Road, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Ruiqiang Hang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 West Yingze Road, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yueyue Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 West Yingze Road, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
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Mohajon DR, Prodan D, Moldovan M, Petean I, Cuc S, Filip M, Carpa R, Gheorghe GF, Saroşi CL. Formulation and Characterization of New Experimental Dental Composites with Zirconium Filling in Different Forms. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2711. [PMID: 38893974 PMCID: PMC11173813 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Short glass fibers are generally used in posterior dental restorations to enhance the mechanical properties and improve the material microstructure. Two resin-based composites (S0 and SF) were formulated and characterized to investigate the influence of zirconium in their characteristics and properties. The organic part of the investigated materials was the same (BisGMA, TEGDMA, and a photochemical polymerization system), and in the inorganic part, besides quart, glassA, and hydroxylapatite with Zn, sample S0 contained strontium glass with zirconium and sample SF contained fiber powder of chopped zirconium. The samples were characterized by the degree of conversion (DC), mechanical properties, water sorption (WS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) before and after the WS test, and antimicrobial properties. The results obtained were subjected to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's statistical tests. Both samples had a high DC. Regarding the mechanical properties, both samples were very similar, except DTS, which was higher for the composite without fibers. After 14 days, the WS value of the SF sample was lower than that of the S0 sample. Water caused significant changes in the topography of the SF sample, but thanks to its antimicrobial properties and the diffusion phenomenon, SF had a more pronounced antimicrobial effect. This study shows that the addition of appropriate amounts of Sr-Zr-glass powder gives the material in which it is added similar properties to material containing chopped zirconium glass fiber powder. According to the antimicrobial test results, resin composites containing experimental zirconia fillings can be considered in future in vitro clinical studies for posterior reconstructions with significantly improved mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipa Rani Mohajon
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeș-Bolyai University, 11 Arany János Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.R.M.); (I.P.)
| | - Doina Prodan
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Str., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.M.); (M.F.); (C.L.S.)
| | - Marioara Moldovan
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Str., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.M.); (M.F.); (C.L.S.)
| | - Ioan Petean
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeș-Bolyai University, 11 Arany János Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.R.M.); (I.P.)
| | - Stanca Cuc
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Str., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.M.); (M.F.); (C.L.S.)
| | - Miuta Filip
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Str., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.M.); (M.F.); (C.L.S.)
| | - Rahela Carpa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bio-Technology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Georgiana Florentina Gheorghe
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 17-23 Calea Plevnei, 010232 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Codruţa Liana Saroşi
- Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, Babeș-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Str., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.M.); (M.F.); (C.L.S.)
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Bouhrour N, Nibbering PH, Bendali F. Medical Device-Associated Biofilm Infections and Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens. Pathogens 2024; 13:393. [PMID: 38787246 PMCID: PMC11124157 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Medical devices such as venous catheters (VCs) and urinary catheters (UCs) are widely used in the hospital setting. However, the implantation of these devices is often accompanied by complications. About 60 to 70% of nosocomial infections (NIs) are linked to biofilms. The main complication is the ability of microorganisms to adhere to surfaces and form biofilms which protect them and help them to persist in the host. Indeed, by crossing the skin barrier, the insertion of VC inevitably allows skin flora or accidental environmental contaminants to access the underlying tissues and cause fatal complications like bloodstream infections (BSIs). In fact, 80,000 central venous catheters-BSIs (CVC-BSIs)-mainly occur in intensive care units (ICUs) with a death rate of 12 to 25%. Similarly, catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) are the most commonlyhospital-acquired infections (HAIs) worldwide.These infections represent up to 40% of NIs.In this review, we present a summary of biofilm formation steps. We provide an overview of two main and important infections in clinical settings linked to medical devices, namely the catheter-asociated bloodstream infections (CA-BSIs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs), and highlight also the most multidrug resistant bacteria implicated in these infections. Furthermore, we draw attention toseveral useful prevention strategies, and advanced antimicrobial and antifouling approaches developed to reduce bacterial colonization on catheter surfaces and the incidence of the catheter-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Bouhrour
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
| | - Peter H. Nibbering
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Farida Bendali
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
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Palanisamy S. Exploring the Horizons of Four-Dimensional Printing Technology in Dentistry. Cureus 2024; 16:e58572. [PMID: 38770499 PMCID: PMC11102886 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In dentistry, the integration of additive manufacturing, particularly 3D printing, has marked significant progress. However, the emergence of 4D printing, which allows materials to change shape dynamically in response to stimuli, opens up new avenues for innovation. This review sheds light on recent advancements and potential applications of 4D printing in dentistry, delving into the fundamental principles and materials involved. It emphasizes the versatility of shape-changing polymers and composites, highlighting their ability to adapt dynamically. Furthermore, the review explores the challenges and opportunities in integrating 4D printing into dental practice, including the customization of dental prosthetics, orthodontic devices, and drug delivery systems and also probing into the potential benefits of utilizing stimuli-responsive materials to improve patient comfort, treatment outcomes, and overall efficiency and the review discusses current limitations and future directions, emphasizing the importance of standardized fabrication techniques, biocompatible materials, and regulatory considerations. Owing to its diverse applications and advantages, 4D printing technology is poised to transform multiple facets of dental practice, thereby fostering the development of healthcare solutions that are more tailored, effective, and centered around patient needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sucharitha Palanisamy
- Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial (SRM) Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, IND
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Lone SB, Zeeshan R, Khadim H, Khan MA, Khan AS, Asif A. Synthesis, monomer conversion, and mechanical properties of polylysine based dental composites. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 151:106398. [PMID: 38237205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to synthesize a new bioactive and antibacterial composite by incorporating reactive calcium phosphate and antibacterial polylysine into a resin matrix and evaluate the effect of these fillers on structural analysis, degree of monomer conversion, mechanical properties, and bioactivity of these newly developed polypropylene based dental composites. METHODOLOGY Stock monomers were prepared by mixing urethane dimethacrylate and polypropylene glycol dimethacrylate and combined with 40 wt% silica to make experimental control (E-C). The other three experimental groups contained a fixed percentage of silica (40 wt%), monocalcium phosphate monohydrate, and β-tri calcium phosphate (5 wt% each) with varying amounts of polylysine (PL). These groups include E-CCP0 (0 wt% PL), E-CCP5 (5 wt% PL) and E-CCP10 (10 wt% PL). The commercial control used was Filtek™ Z250 3M ESPE. The degree of conversion was assessed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Compressive strength and Vicker's micro hardness testing were evaluated after 24 h of curing the samples. For bioactivity, prepared samples were placed in simulated body fluid for 0, 1, 7, and 28 days and were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). SPSS 23 was used to analyze the data and one-way ANOVA and post hoc tukey's test were done, where the significant level was set ≤0.05. RESULTS Group E-C showed better mechanical properties than other experimental and commercial control groups. Group E-C showed the highest degree of conversion (72.72 ± 1.69%) followed by E-CCP0 (72.43 ± 1.47%), Z250 (72.26 ± 1.75%), E-CCP10 (71.07 ± 0.19%), and lowest value was shown by E-CCP5 (68.85 ± 7.23%). In shear bond testing the maximum value was obtained by E-C. The order in decreasing value of bond strength is E-C (8.13 ± 3.5 MPa) > Z250 (2.15 ± 1.1 MPa) > E-CCP10 (2.08 ± 2.1 MPa) > E-CCP5 (0.94 ± 0.8 MPa) > E-CCP0 (0.66 ± 0.2 MPa). In compressive testing, the maximum strength was observed by commercial control i.e., Z250 (210.36 ± 18 MPa) and E-C (206.55 ± 23 MPa), followed by E-CCP0 (108.06 ± 19 MPa), E-CCP5 (94.16 ± 9 MPa), and E-CCP10 (80.80 ± 13 MPa). The maximum number of hardness was shown by E-C (93.04 ± 8.23) followed by E-CCP0 (38.93 ± 9.21) > E-CCP10 (35.21 ± 12.31) > E-CCP5 (34.34 ± 12.49) > Z250 (25 ± 2.61). SEM images showed that the maximum apatite layer as shown by E-CCP10 and the order followed as E-CCP10 > E-CCP5 > E-CCP0 >Z250> E-C. CONCLUSION The experimental formulation showed an optimal degree of conversion with compromised mechanical properties when the polylysine percentage was increased. Apatite layer formation and polylysine at the interface may result in remineralization and ultimately lead to the prevention of secondary caries formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadia Bano Lone
- Department of Dental Materials, Rashid Latif Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Zeeshan
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hina Khadim
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Khan
- Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Samad Khan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anila Asif
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Drejka P, Chrószcz-Porębska M, Kazek-Kęsik A, Chladek G, Barszczewska-Rybarek I. Chemical Modification of Dental Dimethacrylate Copolymer with Tetramethylxylylene Diisocyanate-Based Quaternary Ammonium Urethane-Dimethacrylates-Physicochemical, Mechanical, and Antibacterial Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:298. [PMID: 38255466 PMCID: PMC10817292 DOI: 10.3390/ma17020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In this study, two novel quaternary ammonium urethane-dimethacrylates (QAUDMAs) were designed for potential use as comonomers in antibacterial dental composite restorative materials. QAUDMAs were synthesized via the reaction of 1,3-bis(1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl)benzene with 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl-2-decylhydroxyethylmethylammonium bromide (QA10+TMXDI) and 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl-2-dodecylhydroxyethylmethylammonium bromide (QA12+TMXDI). Their compositions with common dental dimethacrylates comprising QAUDMA 20 wt.%, urethane-dimethacrylate monomer (UDMA) 20 wt.%, bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA) 40 wt.%, and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) 20 wt.%, were photocured. The achieved copolymers were characterized for their physicochemical and mechanical properties, including their degree of conversion (DC), glass transition temperature (Tg), polymerization shrinkage (S), water contact angle (WCA), flexural modulus (E), flexural strength (FS), hardness (HB), water sorption (WS), and water leachability (WL). The antibacterial activity of the copolymers was characterized by the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The achieved results were compared to the properties of a typical dental copolymer comprising UDMA 40 wt.%, Bis-GMA 40 wt.%, and TEGDMA 20 wt.%. The introduction of QAUDMAs did not deteriorate physicochemical and mechanical properties. The WS and WL increased; however, they were still satisfactory. The copolymer comprising QA10+TMXDI showed a higher antibacterial effect than that comprising QA12+TMXDI and that of the reference copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Drejka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.D.); (M.C.-P.)
| | - Marta Chrószcz-Porębska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.D.); (M.C.-P.)
| | - Alicja Kazek-Kęsik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 6 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 8 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Chladek
- Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18A Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Izabela Barszczewska-Rybarek
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.D.); (M.C.-P.)
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Childs T, Chu L, Barrera L, Ballard C, Fung E, Whang K. Antimicrobial dental composites with K18-methyl methacrylate and K18-filler. Dent Mater 2024; 40:59-65. [PMID: 37903663 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of using K18-methyl methacrylate (K18-MMA) and K18-Filler on composite cure, esthetic, mechanical, polymerization shrinkage, and antimicrobial properties. METHODS K18-MMA (0-20% w/w) was used to replace TEGDMA in a 70:30 Bis-GMA:TEGDMA composite filled to 70% w/w with barium glass or K18-Filler. Composite degree of cure (Rockwell15T hardness and near Infrared FTIR), hydrophilicity (contact angle measurements), translucency (transparency parameter measurements, TP), mechanical (3-point bend test), polymerization shrinkage (volumetric shrinkage and shrinkage stress), and antimicrobial properties (colony counting assay) against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Candida albicans were determined. RESULTS All experimental groups had comparable degrees of cure (near Infrared FTIR and Rockwell15T Hardness), TP, moduli, polymerization volumetric shrinkages and shrinkage stresses to those of controls (Bonferroni corrected p > 0.0018). Only one group (15% K18-MMA+K18-Filler) had significantly different (lower) contact angles as compared to that of controls (Bonferroni corrected p < 0.0018). Most of the K18-Filler-containing composites had significantly lower ultimate transverse strengths (UTS) than controls (Bonferroni corrected p < 0.0018). Controls had significantly greater S mutans colony counts than 15% and 20% w/w K18-MMA+K18-Filler groups, and greater S sanguinis and C albicans colony counts than K18-containing groups. Of the composites with that provided significant antimicrobial properties against S. mutans, S. sanguinis, and C. albicans, only the 20% K18-MMA+K18-Filler group had significantly lower UTS than controls. SIGNIFICANCE Composites with K18-MMA and K18-Filler with comparable physical properties to control composites and significant antimicrobial properties have been developed. K18-MMA and K18-Filler seem to be suitable for incorporation into commercial dental resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Childs
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., MSC 7914, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Lianrui Chu
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., MSC 7914, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Leslie Barrera
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., MSC 7914, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Cori Ballard
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., MSC 7914, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Evelyn Fung
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., MSC 7914, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Kyumin Whang
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., MSC 7914, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
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Alhussein A, Alsahafi R, Alfaifi A, Alenizy M, Ba-Armah I, Schneider A, Jabra-Rizk MA, Masri R, Garcia Fay G, Oates TW, Sun J, Weir MD, Xu HHK. Novel Remineralizing and Antibiofilm Low-Shrinkage-Stress Nanocomposites to Inhibit Salivary Biofilms and Protect Tooth Structures. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6770. [PMID: 37895752 PMCID: PMC10608551 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent caries remain a persistent concern, often linked to microleakage and a lack of bioactivity in contemporary dental composites. Our study aims to address this issue by developing a low-shrinkage-stress nanocomposite with antibiofilm and remineralization capabilities, thus countering the progression of recurrent caries. In the present study, we formulated low-shrinkage-stress nanocomposites by combining triethylene glycol divinylbenzyl ether and urethane dimethacrylate, incorporating dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM), along with nanoparticles of calcium fluoride (nCaF2) and nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP). The biofilm viability, biofilm metabolic activity, lactic acid production, and ion release were evaluated. The novel formulations containing 3% DMADDM exhibited a potent antibiofilm activity, exhibiting a 4-log reduction in the human salivary biofilm CFUs compared to controls (p < 0.001). Additionally, significant reductions were observed in biofilm biomass and lactic acid (p < 0.05). By integrating both 10% NACP and 10% nCaF2 into one formulation, efficient ion release was achieved, yielding concentrations of 3.02 ± 0.21 mmol/L for Ca, 0.5 ± 0.05 mmol/L for P, and 0.37 ± 0.01 mmol/L for F ions. The innovative mixture of DMADDM, NACP, and nCaF2 displayed strong antibiofilm effects on salivary biofilm while concomitantly releasing a significant amount of remineralizing ions. This nanocomposite is a promising dental material with antibiofilm and remineralization capacities, with the potential to reduce polymerization-related microleakage and recurrent caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alhussein
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.)
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed Alsahafi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, College of Dentistry, Makkah 24211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej Alfaifi
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.)
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alenizy
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.)
| | - Ibrahim Ba-Armah
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.)
| | - Abraham Schneider
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mary-Ann Jabra-Rizk
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Radi Masri
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Guadalupe Garcia Fay
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Thomas W. Oates
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jirun Sun
- The Forsyth Institute, Harvard School of Dental Medicine Affiliate, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michael D. Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hockin H. K. Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Chladek G, Barszczewska-Rybarek I, Chrószcz-Porębska M, Mertas A. The effect of quaternary ammonium polyethylenimine nanoparticles on bacterial adherence, cytotoxicity, and physical and mechanical properties of experimental dental composites. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17497. [PMID: 37840040 PMCID: PMC10577145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43851-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant problem related to the functioning of resin-based composites for dental fillings is secondary or recurrent caries, which is the reason for the need for repeated treatment. The cross-linked quaternary ammonium polyethylenimine nanoparticles (QA-PEI-NPs) have been shown to be a promising antibacterial agent against different bacteria, including cariogenic ones. However, little is known about the properties of dental dimethacrylate polymer-based composites enriched with QA-PEI-NPs. This research was carried out on experimental composites based on bis-GMA/UDMA/TEGDMA matrix enriched with 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 3 (wt%) QA-PEI-NPs and reinforced with two glass fillers. The cured composites were tested for their adherence of Streptococcus Mutans bacteria, cell viability (MTT assay) with 48 h and 10-days extracts , degree of conversion (DC), water sorption (WSO), and solubility (WSL), water contact angle (CA), flexural modulus (E), flexural strength (FS), compressive strength (CS), and Vickers microhardness (HV). The investigated materials have shown a complete reduction in bacteria adherence and satisfactory biocompatibility. The QA-PEI-NPs additive has no effect on the DC, VH, and E values. QA-PEI-NPs increased the CA (a favorable change), the WSO and WSL (unfavorable changes) and decreased flexural strength, and compressive strength (unfavorable changes). The changes mentioned were insignificant and acceptable for most composites, excluding the highest antibacterial filler content. Probably the reason for the deterioration of some properties was low compatibility between filler particles and the matrix; therefore, it is worth extending the research by surface modification of QA-PEI-NPs to achieve the optimum performance characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Chladek
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Research Laboratory, Silesian University of Technology, 18a Konarskiego Str., 41-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Izabela Barszczewska-Rybarek
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 9 M. Strzody Str., 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Marta Chrószcz-Porębska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 9 M. Strzody Str., 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Mertas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana Str., 41-808, Zabrze, Poland
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10
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Chrószcz-Porębska M, Kazek-Kęsik A, Chladek G, Barszczewska-Rybarek I. Novel mechanically strong and antibacterial dimethacrylate copolymers based on quaternary ammonium urethane-dimethacrylate analogues. Dent Mater 2023; 39:659-664. [PMID: 37217427 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study assumed that the quaternary ammonium urethane-dimethacrylate derivative (QAUDMA-m, where m was 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and corresponded to the number of carbon atoms in the N-alkyl substituent) can be used to achieve copolymers with high mechanical performance and antibacterial activity. METHODS Photocured copolymers of bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA) 40 wt%, QAUDMA-m 40 wt%, and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) 20 wt% (BG:QAm:TEG) were characterized by the degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (E), hardness (HB), and antibacterial properties (the number of bacteria colonies adhered to copolymer surfaces and inhibition zone diameter (IZD)) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Reference copolymers of Bis-GMA, urethane-dimethacrylate monomer (UDMA), and TEGDMA (BG:TEG and BG:UD:TEG) were also characterized. RESULTS The DC of BG:QAm:TEGs ranged from 0.59 to 0.68, HB from 83.84 to 153.91 MPa, FS from 50.81 to 74.47 MPa, and E from 1986.74 to 3716.68 MPa. The number of S. aureus and E. coli bacteria adhered to BG:QAm:TEG surfaces was from 0 (no bacteria observed) to 6.47 and 4.99 log(CFU/mL), respectively. IZD was from 10 and 5 mm (no inhibition zone) to 23 and 21 mm, respectively. Three copolymers: BG:QA8:TEG, BG:QA10:TEG, and BG:QA12:TEG had similar or better mechanical properties than the reference copolymers, but unlike them, they showed high antibacterial activity against both bacteria strains. SIGNIFICANCE The obtained copolymers can offer a good, mechanically efficient, bioactive alternative to BG:TEG and BG:UD:TEG copolymers. The use of such materials can help to make progress in dental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Chrószcz-Porębska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Alicja Kazek-Kęsik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 6 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 8 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Chladek
- Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18a Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Izabela Barszczewska-Rybarek
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
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11
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Souza LVS, Pavanello L, Picolo MZD, Kury M, Matos ICRT, Cogo-Müller K, Esteban Florez FL, Cavalli V. Mechanical and antibacterial properties of an experimental flowable composite containing Nb 2O 5 and NF_TiO 2 nanoparticles. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 143:105919. [PMID: 37279637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study developed an experimental flowable composite incorporated with niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) combined or not with titanium dioxide co-doped with fluorine and nitrogen (NF_TiO2) and evaluated the mechanical and antibacterial properties. The experimental flowable composite (TEGDMA + BisGMA 1:1 + 60%wt - inorganic filler - borosilicate 0.7 μm) was formulated according to the type and concentration of Nb2O5 and NF_TiO2 (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 wt%) or NF_TiO2 + Nb2O5 (0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 wt% - 1:1). The control groups were formed by the experimental composite without the incorporation of Nb2O5 and/or NF_TiO2 (GC-E) and by a commercial flowable composite (GC). The characterization of the surface of the composite and its particles was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-rays (EDX). Specimens were manufactured and subjected to mechanical tests of flexural strength (FS) (n = 12), flexural modulus (FM) (n = 12), roughness (Ra) (n = 10), microhardness (n = 10), and contact angle (n = 10); and, to evaluate the antibacterial activity, they were submitted to tests of biofilm formation against S. mutans (CFU/mL) (n = 5), biofilm biomass by dry weight (n = 5) and confocal laser microscopy (%LIVE/DEAD) (n = 5). Data were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc and, those that were not homoscedastic, but with normality, were submitted to Welch's ANOVA and Games-Howell's post-hoc. Dunnet's test was used to compare the controls with the other experimental groups (α = 5). The Nb2O5 particles had an average size of 32.4 μm and the nanoparticles (NPs) of NF_TiO2, 10 nm. EDX analysis identified isolated peaks of N, F, Ti, and Nb confirming the presence of these particles in the resin matrix. The 1.5% NF_TiO2 group had a higher FS and FM than the controls (p < 0.05). GC showed higher microhardness between groups (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the experimental groups regarding contact angle and roughness (p > 0.05), except for GC, which had the highest Ra values and the lowest contact angle between groups (p < 0.05). Composites containing 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% Nb2O5, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% NF_TiO2 and 2% Nb2O5 + NF_TiO2 showed lower biofilm formation (p < 0.05), lower total biofilm biomass (p < 0.05), and a higher percentage of dead cells (44%, 52%, 52%, 79%, 42% 43%, 62%, 65%, respectively) than GC and GC-E (5% and 1%, respectively). It is concluded that the incorporation of 1.5% NF_TiO2 promoted a greater FS and FM among the experimental composites and that the addition of Nb2O5 particles (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%), NF_TiO2 (1%, 1.5% and 2%) and the combination Nb2O5 + NF_TiO2 (2%) showed significant antibacterial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Larissa Pavanello
- Department of Biosciences, University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mayara Zaghi Dal Picolo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Campinas - Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Kury
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Campinas - Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Karina Cogo-Müller
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Luis Esteban Florez
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Vanessa Cavalli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Campinas - Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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12
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Abuljadayel R, Aljadani N, Almutairi H, Turkistani A. Effect of Antibacterial Agents on Dentin Bond Strength of Bioactive Restorative Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2612. [PMID: 37376257 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Treating dentin surfaces with antibacterial agents prior to bonding bioactive restorations might affect their mechanical properties. In this study, we evaluated the effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and chlorhexidine (CHX) on the shear bond strength (SBS) of bioactive restorative materials. Dentin discs were treated with SDF for 60 s or CHX for 20 s and bonded with four restorative materials, namely Activa Bioactive Restorative (AB), Beautifil II (BF), Fuji II LC (FJ), and Surefil One (SO). Control discs were bonded without treatment (n = 10). SBS was determined using a universal testing machine, and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used for the evaluation of the failure mode and the cross-sectional examination of adhesive interfaces. The SBS of each material between different treatments and of the different materials within each treatment were compared via a Kruskal-Wallis test. The SBS of AB and BF was significantly higher than that of FJ and SO in the control and CHX groups (p < 0.01). In the latter, SBS was higher in FJ than SO (p < 0.01). SO had a higher value with SDF compared to CHX (p = 0.01). The SBS of SDF-treated FJ was higher than that of the control (p < 0.01). SEM showed a more homogenous and improved interface of FJ and SO with SDF. Neither CHX nor SDF compromised the dentin bonding of bioactive restorative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roaa Abuljadayel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80209, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Aljadani
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80209, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazim Almutairi
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80209, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Turkistani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80209, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Montoya C, Roldan L, Yu M, Valliani S, Ta C, Yang M, Orrego S. Smart dental materials for antimicrobial applications. Bioact Mater 2023; 24:1-19. [PMID: 36582351 PMCID: PMC9763696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Smart biomaterials can sense and react to physiological or external environmental stimuli (e.g., mechanical, chemical, electrical, or magnetic signals). The last decades have seen exponential growth in the use and development of smart dental biomaterials for antimicrobial applications in dentistry. These biomaterial systems offer improved efficacy and controllable bio-functionalities to prevent infections and extend the longevity of dental devices. This review article presents the current state-of-the-art of design, evaluation, advantages, and limitations of bioactive and stimuli-responsive and autonomous dental materials for antimicrobial applications. First, the importance and classification of smart biomaterials are discussed. Second, the categories of bioresponsive antibacterial dental materials are systematically itemized based on different stimuli, including pH, enzymes, light, magnetic field, and vibrations. For each category, their antimicrobial mechanism, applications, and examples are discussed. Finally, we examined the limitations and obstacles required to develop clinically relevant applications of these appealing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Montoya
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lina Roldan
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Bioengineering Research Group (GIB), Universidad EAFIT, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Michelle Yu
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sara Valliani
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christina Ta
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maobin Yang
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Endodontology, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Bioengineering Department, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Santiago Orrego
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Bioengineering Department, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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14
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Zhang R, Han B, Liu X. Functional Surface Coatings on Orthodontic Appliances: Reviews of Friction Reduction, Antibacterial Properties, and Corrosion Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086919. [PMID: 37108082 PMCID: PMC10138808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface coating technology is an important way to improve the properties of orthodontic appliances, allowing for reduced friction, antibacterial properties, and enhanced corrosion resistance. It improves treatment efficiency, reduces side effects, and increases the safety and durability of orthodontic appliances. Existing functional coatings are prepared with suitable additional layers on the surface of the substrate to achieve the abovementioned modifications, and commonly used materials mainly include metal and metallic compound materials, carbon-based materials, polymers, and bioactive materials. In addition to single-use materials, metal-metal or metal-nonmetal materials can be combined. Methods of coating preparation include, but are not limited to, physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical deposition, sol-gel dip coating, etc., with a variety of different conditions for preparing the coatings. In the reviewed studies, a wide variety of surface coatings were found to be effective. However, the present coating materials have not yet achieved a perfect combination of these three functions, and their safety and durability need further verification. This paper reviews and summarizes the effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages, and clinical perspectives of different coating materials for orthodontic appliances in terms of friction reduction, antibacterial properties, and enhanced corrosion resistance, and discusses more possibilities for follow-up studies as well as for clinical applications in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichu Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaomo Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing 100081, China
- National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China
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15
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Wang Y, Wu Z, Wang T, Tian J, Zhou Z, Guo D, Tonin BSH, Ye Z, Xu H, Fu J. Antibacterial and physical properties of resin cements containing MgO nanoparticles. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 142:105815. [PMID: 37068430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Cariogenic bacteria and dental plaque biofilm at prosthesis margins are considered a primary risk factor for failed restorations. Resin cement containing antibacterial agents can be beneficial in controlling bacteria and biofilm. This work aimed to evaluate the impact of incorporating magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) as an antibacterial filler into dual-cure resin cement on bacteriostatic activity and physical properties, including mechanical, bonding, and physicochemical properties, as well as performance when subjected to a 5000-times thermocycling regimen. Experimental resin cements containing MgONPs of different mass fractions (0, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%) were developed. Results suggested that the inclusion of MgONPs markedly improved the materials' bacteriostatic effect against Streptococcus mutans without compromising the physical properties when its addition reached 7.5 wt%. The mechanical properties of the specimens did not significantly decline after undergoing aging treatment, except for the flexural properties. In addition, the cements displayed good bonding performance and the material itself was not prone to cohesive fracture in the failure mode analysis. Furthermore, MgONPs possibly have played a role in decelerating material aging during thermocycling and enhancing bonding fastness in the early stage of cementation, which requires further investigation. Overall, developing MgONPs-doped resin cements can be a promising strategy to improve the material's performance in inhibiting cariogenic bacteria at restoration margins, in order to achieve a reduction in biofilm-associated secondary caries and a prolonged restoration lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zixuan Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Di Guo
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Bruna S H Tonin
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, 14040904, SP, Brazil
| | - Zhou Ye
- Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., 999077, China
| | - Haiping Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China; School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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16
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Zhou W, Chen H, Weir MD, Oates TW, Zhou X, Wang S, Cheng L, Xu HH. Novel bioactive dental restorations to inhibit secondary caries in enamel and dentin under oral biofilms. J Dent 2023; 133:104497. [PMID: 37011782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide the first review on cutting-edge research on the development of new bioactive restorations to inhibit secondary caries in enamel and dentin under biofilms. State-of-the-art bioactive and therapeutic materials design, structure-property relationships, performance and efficacies in oral biofilm models. DATA, SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION Researches on development and assessment new secondary caries inhibition restorations via in vitro and in vivo biofilm-based secondary caries models were included. The search of articles was carried out in Web of Science, PubMed, Medline and Scopus. CONCLUSIONS Based on the found articles, novel bioactive materials are divided into different categories according to their remineralization and antibacterial biofunctions. In vitro and in vivo biofilm-based secondary caries models are effective way of evaluating the materials efficacies. However, new intelligent and pH-responsive materials were still urgent need. And the materials evaluation should be performed via more clinical relevant biofilm-based secondary caries models. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Secondary caries is a primary reason for dental restoration failures. Biofilms produce acids, causing demineralization and secondary caries. To inhibit dental caries and improve the health and quality of life for millions of people, it is necessary to summarize the present state of technologies and new advances in dental biomaterials for preventing secondary caries and protecting tooth structures against oral biofilm attacks. In addition, suggestions for future studies are provided.
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17
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Arif W, Rana NF, Saleem I, Tanweer T, Khan MJ, Alshareef SA, Sheikh HM, Alaryani FS, AL-Kattan MO, Alatawi HA, Menaa F, Nadeem AY. Antibacterial Activity of Dental Composite with Ciprofloxacin Loaded Silver Nanoparticles. Molecules 2022; 27:7182. [PMID: 36364007 PMCID: PMC9658858 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Resin composites have been widely used in dental restoration. However, polymerization shrinkage and resultant bacterial microleakage are major limitations that may lead to secondary caries. To overcome this, a new type of antibacterial resin composite containing ciprofloxacin-loaded silver nanoparticles (CIP-AgNPs) were synthesized. The chemical reduction approach successfully produced CIP-AgNPs, as demonstrated by FTIR, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. CIP-AgNPs were added to resin composites and the antibacterial activity of the dental composite discs were realized against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and the Saliva microcosm. The biocompatibility of modified resin composites was assessed and mechanical testing of modified dental composites was also performed. The results indicated that the antibacterial activity and compressive strength of resin composites containing CIP-AgNPs were enhanced compared to the control group. They were also biocompatible when compared to resin composites containing AgNPs. In short, these results established strong ground application for CIP-AgNP-modified dental composite resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Arif
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Integrated Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Nosheen Fatima Rana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Integrated Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Saleem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Integrated Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Tahreem Tanweer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Integrated Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jawad Khan
- Department of Robotics & Artificial Intelligence, School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Science & Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | | | - Huda M. Sheikh
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima S. Alaryani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Othman AL-Kattan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Ali Alatawi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University College of Haqel, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid Menaa
- Internal Medicine and Nanomedicine, California Innovations Corporation, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Aroosa Younis Nadeem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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18
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Silver-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles enhanced the mechanical and antimicrobial properties of 3D printed denture base resin. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 134:105421. [PMID: 36037709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop a novel 3D printed denture base resin material modified with mesoporous silica nanocarrier loaded with silver (Ag/MSN) to enhance mechanical and antimicrobial properties. Acrylate resin-based was incorporated with various proportion of Ag/MSN (0.0-2.0 wt%). Specimens with different geometry were printed and characterized accordingly for the effect of modification on properties such as: mechanical and physical properties, chemical composition and degree of conversion, as well as biological response in term of biocompatibility and antimicrobial against oral fibroblast and candida biofilm (C. albicans), respectively. The consecutive addition of Ag/MSN improved significantly surface hardness and crack propagation resistance, while flexural strength remained similar to control; however, a negligible decrease was observed with higher concentrations ≥1 wt%. No significant difference was noticed with water sorption, while water solubility had a remarkable trend of reduction associated with filler content. The surface roughness significantly increased when concentration of Ag/MSN was ≥1.0 wt%. A significant reduction in C. albicans biofilm mass, as the inhibition proficiency was correlated with the proportion of the filler. With respect to the amount of Ag/MSN, the modification was compatible toward fibroblast cells. The sequential addition of Ag/MSN enhanced significantly the mechanical and antimicrobial properties of the 3D printed resin-based material without affecting adversely compatibility. The acrylic resin denture base material has susceptibility of microbial adhesion which limits its application. Silver loaded MSN showed a significant performance to enhance antimicrobial activity against C. albicans which is the main cause of denture stomatitis. The proposed invention is a promise technique for clinical application to provide an advanced prosthesis fabrication and serve as long-term drug delivery.
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Chrószcz-Porębska MW, Barszczewska-Rybarek IM, Chladek G. Characterization of the Mechanical Properties, Water Sorption, and Solubility of Antibacterial Copolymers of Quaternary Ammonium Urethane-Dimethacrylates and Triethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15165530. [PMID: 36013665 PMCID: PMC9414361 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of dental composites based on dimethacrylates that have quaternary ammonium groups is a promising solution in the field of antibacterial restorative materials. This study aimed to investigate the mechanical properties and behaviors in aqueous environments of a series of six copolymers (QA:TEG) comprising 60 wt.% quaternary ammonium urethane-dimethacrylate (QAUDMA) and 40 wt.% triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA); these copolymers are analogous to a common dental copolymer (BG:TEG), which comprises 60 wt.% bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA) and 40 wt.% TEGDMA. Hardness (HB), flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (E), water sorption (WS), and water solubility (SL) were assessed for this purpose. The pilot study of these copolymers showed that they have high antibacterial activity and good physicochemical properties. This paper revealed that QA:TEGs cannot replace BG:TEG due to their insufficient mechanical properties and poor behavior in water. However, the results can help to explain how QAUDMA-based materials work, and how their composition should be manipulated to produce the best performance. It was found that the longer the N-alkyl chain, the lower the HB, WS, and SL. The FS and E increased with the lengthening of the N-alkyl chain from eight to ten carbon atoms. Its further extension, to eighteen carbon atoms, caused a decrease in those parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta W. Chrószcz-Porębska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Izabela M. Barszczewska-Rybarek
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Chladek
- Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 18a Konarskiego Str., 41-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Surface Modification to Modulate Microbial Biofilms-Applications in Dental Medicine. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226994. [PMID: 34832390 PMCID: PMC8625127 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in materials science and nanotechnology has led to the development of advanced materials with multifunctional properties. Dental medicine has benefited from the design of such materials and coatings in providing patients with tailored implants and improved materials for restorative and functional use. Such materials and coatings allow for better acceptance by the host body, promote successful implantation and determine a reduced inflammatory response after contact with the materials. Since numerous dental pathologies are influenced by the presence and activity of some pathogenic microorganisms, novel materials are needed to overcome this challenge as well. This paper aimed to reveal and discuss the most recent and innovative progress made in the field of materials surface modification in terms of microbial attachment inhibition and biofilm formation, with a direct impact on dental medicine.
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Al-Saud LM. Comparative evaluation of Rheological characteristics of Giomers and other Nano-flowable resin composites in vitro. Biomater Investig Dent 2021; 8:170-179. [PMID: 34778794 PMCID: PMC8583922 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2021.1996239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this research was to determine the viscoelastic properties of a group of commercially available nano-flowable resin composites; and to explore the relation between these properties and the materials’ composition (with/without fluoride), filler size description (nano-filled, nanohybrid and submicron-filled) and filler loading (by volume). Methods Rheological measurements were performed using a rheometer. A Dynamic frequency sweep test was conducted to evaluate the complex viscosity, storage and loss moduli, loss tangent, and complex shear modulus at an angular frequency (ω) of 0.1–100 rad/s. Comparative evaluations of the nano flowable resin composites on rheological properties was performed, and statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results The results indicated that all the tested materials exhibited shear-thinning flow behaviour. As the shear rate increased, the complex viscosity of the nano-flowable composites decreased. The nanohybrid filled flowable resin composites exhibited the highest complex viscosity, while the nano-filled flowable resin composites exhibited the lowest value. The submicron-filled materials exhibited the lowest complex shear moduli and loss tangent values. Conclusions: The findings from the current study provided comprehensive evaluation of the rheological properties of different nano-flowable composites. The observed differences in rheological properties among the tested materials were independent of their fluoride content or filler size. Furthermore, no relationship was found between the complex viscosity of the tested nano-flowable resin composites and their filler volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loulwa M Al-Saud
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Metal-Containing Ultraviolet-Cured Wood Floor Coatings. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13183022. [PMID: 34577922 PMCID: PMC8469301 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous report, the antibacterial agents with different metals, mono(hydroxyethoxyethyl)phthalate [M(HEEP)2, M = Zn, Mn, and Ca], were synthesized. For increasing their yields, modified synthesis and purified processes were further investigated. The result of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed the M(HEEP)2 could be stable and successfully synthesized, and their yields were raised to 73–85% from our previous report of 43–55%. For ultraviolet-cured wood floor coating application, the Zn(HEEP)2 was selected as an antibacterial agent and mixed with commercial UV wood floor coating. The effects on the antibacterial activity of UV films with different Zn(HEEP)2 additions of 0, 4, 8, and 12 phr as well as the commercial nano-Ag of 12 phr against Escherichia coli were evaluated. In the static antibacterial test, the UV films with Zn(HEEP)2 additions had similar antibacterial activity of 57–59%. In another dynamic shaking antibacterial test, the film containing 12 phr Zn(HEEP)2 had the best antibacterial activity among all the UV films. On the film properties, the Zn(HEEP)2-containing UV films had lower gloss and abrasion resistance, and slightly increased the hardness than those of UV film without Zn(HEEP)2 addition. However, there were no noticeable differences in mass retention, lightfastness, and thermal stability between UV films with and without the Zn(HEEP)2 addition. In this study, the 12 phr Zn(HEEP)2-containing UV film provided the best antibacterial activity against E. coli and had the balanced film properties for application on the UV wood floor coating.
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Ardestani SS, Bonan RF, Mota MF, Farias RMDC, Menezes RR, Bonan PRF, Maciel PP, Ramos-Perez FMDM, Batista AUD, da Cruz Perez DE. Effect of the incorporation of silica blow spun nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles (SiO 2/Ag) on the mechanical, physicochemical, and biological properties of a low-viscosity bulk-fill composite resin. Dent Mater 2021; 37:1615-1629. [PMID: 34479726 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This work aimed at producing silica-blow-spun nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles (SiO2/Ag) and investigating the effect of their incorporation in different proportions, with or without pre-treatment with a silane coupling agent, on the mechanical, physicochemical, and biological properties of a commercial composite low-viscosity bulk-fill resin. METHODS The production of SiO2/Ag nanofibers was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). A portion of the produced nanofibers was silanized. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle measurements, and agar diffusion tests against Streptococcus mutans were used to verify the differences between silanized and non-silanized nanofibers. Different proportions (0.5 wt% and 1 wt%) of silanized (SiO2/Ag-0.5S and SiO2/Ag-1S) and non-silanized (SiO2/Ag-0.5NS and SiO2/Ag-1NS) nanofibers were incorporated into the bulk-fill composite (Opus Bulk Fill Flow, FGM). A commercial composite was used as the control. Evaluation of the color parameters (L*, a*, and b*), radiopacity, contact angle, antimicrobial activity, Vickers microhardness, surface roughness (Sa and Sq), flexural strength, and SEM of the fractured surfaces were performed. The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test (fiber morphology), Kruskal-Wallis tests, with Dunn's post hoc test (antimicrobial activity of the specimen against S. mutans), Student's t-test (disk diffusion), one-way ANOVA and Tukey (color, radiopacity, and contact angle), and two-way ANOVA and Tukey (microhardness, surface roughness, and flexural strength) tests. All statistical analyses were performed at a significance level of 1% (α = 0.01). RESULTS Porous nanometric SiO2/Ag fibers were successfully produced. The silanization process, confirmed by FTIR, increased the diameter and contact angle and reduced the growth inhibition halos of the nanofibers (p < 0.01). After the incorporation of nanofibers into the dental composite, all color parameters were altered in all the experimental groups (p < 0.01). All the groups presented adequate radiopacity values. No statistical difference was observed in the contact angles of the experimental composites (p > 0.01). The lowest microbial counts were obtained in the SiO2/Ag-0.5S group; although no significant difference was observed with the control group (p < 0.01). The SiO2/Ag-1S, SiO2/Ag-0.5S, and SiO2/Ag-0.5NS groups exhibited higher microhardness after 30 d of immersion in water (p < 0.01). The surface roughness (Sa-μm) resembled that of the control at baseline, except for the SiO2/Ag-1NS group. For the baseline evaluation of flexural strength, all the experimental groups exhibited lower values than the control, except for SiO2/Ag-0.5NS and SiO2/Ag-0.5S, but after 30 d of immersion in water, there was no difference (p < 0.01). SIGNIFICANCE The incorporation of 0.5% wt. of silanized nanofibers in the commercial composite (SiO2/Ag-0.5S) seemed to be promising, especially for its greater inhibition of S. mutans, adequate roughness, and flexural strength, in addition to high hardness, even after aging in water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Ferreti Bonan
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, School of Dentistry, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Federal University of Paraiba, Department of Dentistry, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil.
| | - Mariaugusta Ferreira Mota
- Federal University of Campina Grande, Department of Materials Engineering, Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil.
| | | | - Romualdo Rodrigues Menezes
- Federal University of Campina Grande, Department of Materials Engineering, Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil.
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