1
|
Li Z, Guo H, Jin X. Fabrication of Uniform Anionic Polymeric Nanoplatelets as Building Blocks for Constructing Conductive Hydrogels with Enhancing Conductive and Mechanical Properties. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2400008. [PMID: 38659335 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels play a crucial role in advancing technologies like implantable bioelectronics and wearable electronic devices, owing to their favorable conductivity and appropriate mechanical properties. Here, a novel bottom-up approach is reported for crafting conductive nanocomposite hydrogels to achieve enhancing conductive and mechanical properties. In this approach, new poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-based block copolymers with sulfonic groups are first synthesized and self-assembled into uniform polyanionic nanoplatelets. Subsequently, these negatively charged nanoplatelets, with sulfonic groups on the surface, are employed as nanoadditives for the polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT), resulting in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/nanoplatelet complex with 3.8 times enhanced electrical conductivity compared with their counterparts prepared using block copolymers (BCPs). Blending the (PEDOT:PSS)/nanoplatelet complex with calcium alginate, nanocomposite hydrogels are successfully prepared. In comparison with hydrogels with (PEDOT:PSS)/BCP complexes prepared by a top-down method, the nanocomposite hydrogels are found to show twice as strong mechanical strength and 1.6 times higher conductivity. This work provides valuable insights into the bottom-up construction of conductive hydrogels for bioelectronics using well-controlled polymeric nanoplatelets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Li
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Hui Guo
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Xuhui Jin
- School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gan Z, Qin X, Liu H, Liu J, Qin J. Recent advances in defined hydrogels in organoid research. Bioact Mater 2023; 28:386-401. [PMID: 37334069 PMCID: PMC10273284 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoids are in vitro model systems that mimic the complexity of organs with multicellular structures and functions, which provide great potential for biomedical and tissue engineering. However, their current formation heavily relies on using complex animal-derived extracellular matrices (ECM), such as Matrigel. These matrices are often poorly defined in chemical components and exhibit limited tunability and reproducibility. Recently, the biochemical and biophysical properties of defined hydrogels can be precisely tuned, offering broader opportunities to support the development and maturation of organoids. In this review, the fundamental properties of ECM in vivo and critical strategies to design matrices for organoid culture are summarized. Two typically defined hydrogels derived from natural and synthetic polymers for their applicability to improve organoids formation are presented. The representative applications of incorporating organoids into defined hydrogels are highlighted. Finally, some challenges and future perspectives are also discussed in developing defined hydrogels and advanced technologies toward supporting organoid research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqiao Gan
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xinyuan Qin
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jiayue Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jianhua Qin
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ma J, Ma C, Huang X, de Araujo PHH, Goyal AK, Lu G, Feng C. Preparation and cellular uptake behaviors of uniform fiber-like micelles with length controllability and high colloidal stability in aqueous media. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 3:93-101. [PMID: 38933561 PMCID: PMC11197544 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragmentation/disassembly of fiber-like micelles generated by living crystalline-driven self-assembly (CDSA) is usually encountered in aqueous media, which hinders the applications of micelles. Herein, we report the generation of uniform fiber-like micelles consisting of a π-conjugated oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) core and a cross-linking silica shell with grafted poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains by the combination of living CDSA, silica chemistry and surface grafting-onto strategy. Owing to the presence of crosslinking silica shell and the outmost PEG chains, the resulting micelles exhibit excellent dispersity and colloidal stability in PBS buffer, BSA aqueous solution and upon heating at 80 °C for 2 h without micellar fragmentation/disassembly. The micelles also show negligible cytotoxicity toward both HeLa cervical cancer and HEK239T human embryonic kidney cell lines. Interestingly, micelles with L n of 156 nm show the "stealth" property with no significant uptake by HeLa cells, whereas some certain amounts of micelles with L n of 535 nm can penetrate into HeLa cells, showing length-dependent cellular uptake behaviors. These results provide a route to prepare uniform, colloidally stable fiber-like nanostructures with tunable length and functions derived for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pedro Henrique Hermes de Araujo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis-SC, 88040-970, SC, Brazil
| | - Amit Kumal Goyal
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Tehsil-Kishangarh-305 801 Distt.-Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao C, Chen Q, Garcia-Hernandez JD, Watanabe LK, Rawson JM, Rao J, Manners I. Uniform and Length-Tunable, Paramagnetic Self-Assembled Nitroxide-Based Nanofibers for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Qi Chen
- Departments of Radiology and Chemistry, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | | | - Lara K. Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Jeremy M. Rawson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Jianghong Rao
- Departments of Radiology and Chemistry, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu C, Nicolas J. (Bio)degradable and Biocompatible Nano-Objects from Polymerization-Induced and Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:3043-3080. [PMID: 35707964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) and crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) techniques have emerged as powerful approaches to produce a broad range of advanced synthetic nano-objects with high potential in biomedical applications. PISA produces nano-objects of different morphologies (e.g., spheres, vesicles and worms), with high solids content (∼10-50 wt %) and without additional surfactant. CDSA can finely control the self-assembly of block copolymers and readily forms nonspherical crystalline nano-objects and more complex, hierarchical assemblies, with spatial and dimensional control over particle length or surface area, which is typically difficult to achieve by PISA. Considering the importance of these two assembly techniques in the current scientific landscape of block copolymer self-assembly and the craze for their use in the biomedical field, this review will focus on the advances in PISA and CDSA to produce nano-objects suitable for biomedical applications in terms of (bio)degradability and biocompatibility. This review will therefore discuss these two aspects in order to guide the future design of block copolymer nanoparticles for future translation toward clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Julien Nicolas
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Piras CC, Mahon CS, Genever PG, Smith DK. Shaping and Patterning Supramolecular Materials─Stem Cell-Compatible Dual-Network Hybrid Gels Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1829-1840. [PMID: 35364810 PMCID: PMC9092345 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Hydrogels
with spatio-temporally
controlled properties are appealing
materials for biological and pharmaceutical applications. We make
use of mild acidification protocols to fabricate hybrid gels using
calcium alginate in the presence of a preformed thermally triggered
gel based on a low-molecular-weight gelator (LMWG) 1,3:2:4-di(4-acylhydrazide)-benzylidene
sorbitol (DBS-CONHNH2). Nonwater-soluble calcium carbonate
slowly releases calcium ions over time when exposed to an acidic pH,
triggering the assembly of the calcium alginate gel network. We combined
the gelators in different ways: (i) the LMWG was used as a template
to spatially control slow calcium alginate gelation within preformed
gel beads, using glucono-δ-lactone (GdL) to lower the pH; (ii)
the LMWG was used as a template to spatially control slow calcium
alginate gelation within preformed gel trays, using diphenyliodonium
nitrate (DPIN) as a photoacid to lower the pH, and spatial resolution
was achieved by masking. The dual-network hybrid gels display highly
tunable properties, and the beads are compatible with stem cell growth.
Furthermore, they preserve the LMWG function of inducing in situ silver
nanoparticle (AgNP) formation, which provides the gels with antibacterial
activity. These gels have potential for eventual regenerative medicine
applications in (e.g.) bone tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen C Piras
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Clare S Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G Genever
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - David K Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shi B, Shen D, Li W, Wang G. Self-Assembly of Copolymers Containing Crystallizable Blocks: Strategies and Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200071. [PMID: 35343014 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of copolymers containing crystallizable block in solution has received increasing attentions in the past few years. Various strategies including crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) and polymerization-induced CDSA (PI-CDSA) have been widely developed. Abundant self-assembly morphologies were captured and advanced applications have been attempted. In this review, the synthetic strategies including the mechanisms and characteristics are highlighted, the survey on the advanced applications of crystalline nano-assemblies are collected. This review is hoped to depict a comprehensive outline for self-assembly of copolymers containing crystallizable block in recent years and to prompt the development of the self-assembly technology in interdisciplinary field. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ding Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Guowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Z, Pearce AK, Du J, Dove AP, O'Reilly RK. Uniform antibacterial cylindrical nanoparticles for enhancing the strength of nanocomposite hydrogels. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Li
- Department of Chemistry University of Warwick Coventry UK
- School of Chemistry University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China
| | | | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China
| | - Andrew P. Dove
- School of Chemistry University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schmalz H, Abetz V. Block Copolymers with Crystallizable Blocks: Synthesis, Self-Assembly and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040696. [PMID: 35215610 PMCID: PMC8875877 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Block copolymers with crystallizable blocks are a highly interesting class of materials owing to their unique self-assembly behaviour both in bulk and solution. This Special Issue brings together new developments in the synthesis and self-assembly of semicrystalline block copolymers and also addresses potential applications of these exciting materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Schmalz
- Macromolecular Chemistry II and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (V.A.)
| | - Volker Abetz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Membrane Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (V.A.)
| |
Collapse
|