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Wang Y, Wang C, Hu Z, Sun R. Experimental Study on the Strength Deterioration and Mechanism of Stabilized River Silt Reinforced with Cement and Alginate Fibers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3124. [PMID: 38998208 PMCID: PMC11242556 DOI: 10.3390/ma17133124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
River silt deposited by water in coastal areas is unsuitable for engineering construction. Thus, the in situ stabilization treatment of river silt as the bearing layer has been an important research area in geotechnical engineering. The strength degradation behavior and mechanism of stabilized river silt reinforced with cement and alginate fibers (AFCS) in different engineering environments are crucial for engineering applications. Therefore, freeze-thaw (F-T) cycle tests, wetting-drying (W-D) cycle tests, water immersion tests and seawater erosion tests were conducted to explore the strength attenuation of stabilized river silt reinforced with the same cement content (9% by wet weight) and different fiber contents (0%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9% by weight of wet soil) and fiber lengths (3 mm, 6 mm and 9 mm). The reinforcement and damage mechanism of AFCS was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. The results indicate that the strength of AFCS was improved from 84% to 180% at 15 F-T cycle tests, and the strength of AFCS was improved by 26% and 40% at 30 W-D cycles, which showed better stability and excellent characteristics owing to the hygroscopic characteristics of alginate fiber arousing the release of calcium and magnesium ions within the alginate. Also, the strength attenuation of AFCS was reduced with the increase in the length and content of alginate fibers. Further, the strength of specimens in the freshwater environment was higher than that in the seawater environment at the same fiber content, and the softening coefficient of AFCS in the freshwater environment was above 0.85, indicating that the AFCS had good water stability. The optimal fiber content was found to be 0.6% based on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) reduction in specimens cured in seawater and a freshwater environment. And the strength of AFCS was improved by about 10% compared with that of cement-stabilized soil (CS) in a seawater environment. A stable spatial network structure inside the soil was formed, in which the reinforcing effect of fibers was affected by mechanical connection, friction and interfacial bonding. However, noticeable cracks developed in the immersed and F-T specimens. These microscopic characteristics contributed to decreased mechanical properties for AFCS. The results of this research provide a reference for the engineering application of AFCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- College of Transportation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwan Port Road, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Chaojie Wang
- College of Transportation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwan Port Road, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Zhenhua Hu
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwan Port Road, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Rong Sun
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwan Port Road, Qingdao 266590, China
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2
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Bąk A, Mikuła J, Oliinyk I, Łach M. Basic research on layered geopolymer composites with insulating materials of natural origin. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12576. [PMID: 38822098 PMCID: PMC11143232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63442-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
New restrictions on carbon dioxide emissions and electricity consumption are currently being introduced around the world. Innovative solutions are being adopted in many countries to reduce CO2 emissions and material and energy consumption. The present work is related to the study of innovative binders based on geopolymers for the production of layered building envelopes. The binders are reinforced with composite bars and containing fibers of natural origin. The natural materials used to produce the samples are completely biodegradable. A 10-mol sodium hydroxide solution with an aqueous solution of sodium silicate was used for alkaline activation of geopolymers. The purpose of the study was to compare and determine the insulating properties of natural fiber-based materials such as coconut mat, jute felt, hemp felt, flax felt, flax wool, hemp wool, flax-jute wool, and to determine the effect of these materials on geopolymer composites, in which 4 layers of natural insulating materials were used, and the composites were reinforced by fiberglass bars. The publication presents the results of physicochemical studies of geopolymerization precursors and natural insulating materials, studies of thermal properties of fibers, mats, felts and wools, morphology of fiber structure and texture, as well as physical and thermal properties of finished multi-layer partitions. The results indicate the great potential of these materials in prefabrication and structural-insulation applications. The fabricated composites using 4 layers of natural fibers showed improved thermal conductivity by as much as 40% (reduced thermal conductivity from 1.36 W/m × K to about 0.8 W/m × K). The work may have future applications in energy-saving and low-carbon construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Bąk
- Faculty of Material Engineering and Physics, Chair of Material Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Janusz Mikuła
- Faculty of Material Engineering and Physics, Chair of Material Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864, Cracow, Poland
| | - Inna Oliinyk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pryazovsky State Technical University, Mariupol, Ukraine
| | - Michał Łach
- Faculty of Material Engineering and Physics, Chair of Material Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864, Cracow, Poland
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3
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Brugaletta F, Becher AF, Rostagno DL, Kim J, Fresneda Medina JI, Ziejewska C, Marczyk J, Korniejenko K. The Different Properties of Geopolymer Composites Reinforced with Flax Fibers and Carbon Fibers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2633. [PMID: 38893897 PMCID: PMC11173711 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The main motivation for this research was to improve the properties of geopolymers by reinforcement using synthetic and natural fibers, and to gain new knowledge regarding how the nature and/or the quantity of reinforcement fibers influences the properties of the final geopolymers. The main objective was to investigate the effects of different types of reinforcement fibers on the properties of the geopolymers. These reinforcement fibers were mainly environmentally friendly materials that can be used as alternatives to ordinary Portland cement. The authors used fly ash and river sand as the raw materials for the matrix, and added carbon fibers (CF), flax fibers (FF), or a hybrid of both (CFM) as reinforcements. The samples were prepared by mixing, casting, and curing, and then subjected to various tests. The main research methods used were compressive strength (CS), flexural strength (FS), water absorption (WA), abrasion resistance (Böhme's disk method), microstructure analysis (SEM), chemical composition (XRF), and crystal structure analysis (XRD). The results showed that the addition of fibers partially improved the mechanical properties of the geopolymers, as well as reducing microcracks. The CF-reinforced geopolymers exhibited the highest compressive strength, while the FF-reinforced geopolymers showed the lowest water absorption. The authors, based on previous research, also discussed the factors that influence fiber-matrix adhesion, and the optimal fiber content for geopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Brugaletta
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering for Industrial Sustainability, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Università degli Studi di Catania (University of Catania), Piazza Università, 2, 95124 Catania, Italy, (D.L.R.)
| | - Anton Frederik Becher
- Institut für Maschinenkunde und Fertigungstechnik, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Gustav-Zeuner-Straße 7, 09599 Freiberg, Germany;
| | - Danilo Laurent Rostagno
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering for Industrial Sustainability, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Università degli Studi di Catania (University of Catania), Piazza Università, 2, 95124 Catania, Italy, (D.L.R.)
| | - JeongHye Kim
- Department of Bio-Fibers and Materials Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
| | - José Ignacio Fresneda Medina
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell, 03801 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Celina Ziejewska
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Street, 31864 Cracow, Poland; (C.Z.); (J.M.)
| | - Joanna Marczyk
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Street, 31864 Cracow, Poland; (C.Z.); (J.M.)
| | - Kinga Korniejenko
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Street, 31864 Cracow, Poland; (C.Z.); (J.M.)
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Balasubramanian B, Raja K, Vignesh Kumar V, Ganeshan P. Characterization study of Holoptelea integrifolia tree bark fibres reinforced epoxy composites. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1197-1206. [PMID: 36318867 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2137505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study characterised the composite plate fabricated by epoxy matrix reinforced with alkaline-treated Holoptelea integrifolia tree bark fibre. Tensile and flexural test results clearly show that the mechanical characteristics of pure resin improve in direct proportion to the fibre up to 40%. However, impact test results show that 30% fibre mass ratio composite showed higher mechanical properties. The H. integrifolia fibre composites (HIFC) specimens were also characterised by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) and thermogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) analysis. FESEM results show that the bonding between fibre and matrix was excellent. EDAX reveals the elemental proportion of HIFC. O-H, C- H, C-O-C, moisture content and aromatic structure are evident by FTIR spectroscopy. Thermal analysis reveals that the composites degrade rapidly when exposed above 210 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Balasubramanian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chettinad College of Engineering and Technology, Karur, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K Raja
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College of Engineering, Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India
| | - V Vignesh Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, St. Joseph College of Engineering, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - P Ganeshan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
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Cardoso RLB, da Silva Rodrigues J, Ramos RPB, de Castro Correa A, Leão Filha EM, Monteiro SN, da Silva ACR, Fujiyama RT, Candido VS. Use of Yarn and Carded Jute as Epoxy Matrix Reinforcement for the Production of Composite Materials for Application in the Wind Sector: A Preliminary Analysis for the Manufacture of Blades for Low-Intensity Winds. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3682. [PMID: 37765536 PMCID: PMC10537900 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of wind turbines for regions with low wind speeds imposes a challenge to the expansion of the corresponding energy generation capacity. The present work consists of an evaluation of the potential carded jute fiber and jute yarn to be used in the construction of a wind blade for regions of low wind intensity. The fibers used were supplied by Company Textile of Castanhal (Castanhal-Para-Brazil) and used in the study without chemical treatment in the form of single-filament fibers and yarns with a surface twist of 18.5°. The composites were produced through the resin infusion technique and underwent tensile and shear tests using 120-Ohm strain gauges and a blade extensometer to obtain the Young's modulus. In the analysis of the results, the ANOVA test was applied with a 0.05 significance level, followed by Tukey's test. The results showed that long, aligned jute fibers can be a good option for laminated structures applied in composites for small wind turbine blades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Luis Baleeiro Cardoso
- Engineering of Natural Resources of the Amazon Program, Federal University of Para—UFPA, Belem 66075-110, Brazil; (R.L.B.C.); (R.T.F.)
| | - Jean da Silva Rodrigues
- Materials Engineering Program, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Para—IFPA, Belem 66645-240, Brazil; (J.d.S.R.); (R.P.B.R.); (A.d.C.C.); (E.M.L.F.)
| | - Roberto Paulo Barbosa Ramos
- Materials Engineering Program, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Para—IFPA, Belem 66645-240, Brazil; (J.d.S.R.); (R.P.B.R.); (A.d.C.C.); (E.M.L.F.)
| | - Alessandro de Castro Correa
- Materials Engineering Program, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Para—IFPA, Belem 66645-240, Brazil; (J.d.S.R.); (R.P.B.R.); (A.d.C.C.); (E.M.L.F.)
| | - Elza Monteiro Leão Filha
- Materials Engineering Program, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Para—IFPA, Belem 66645-240, Brazil; (J.d.S.R.); (R.P.B.R.); (A.d.C.C.); (E.M.L.F.)
| | - Sergio Neves Monteiro
- Materials Science Program, Military Engineering Institute—IME, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil;
| | - Alisson Clay Rios da Silva
- Material Science and Engineering Program, Federal University of Para—UFPA, Ananindeua 67000-000, Brazil;
| | - Roberto Tetsuo Fujiyama
- Engineering of Natural Resources of the Amazon Program, Federal University of Para—UFPA, Belem 66075-110, Brazil; (R.L.B.C.); (R.T.F.)
| | - Verônica Scarpini Candido
- Engineering of Natural Resources of the Amazon Program, Federal University of Para—UFPA, Belem 66075-110, Brazil; (R.L.B.C.); (R.T.F.)
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6
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Veliseicik T, Zurauskiene R, Kligys M, Dauksevic M. Influence of Short Carbon Fibers on the Properties of Autoclaved Fiber Cement in Standard Fire Environment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2513. [PMID: 36984393 PMCID: PMC10056854 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In case of a fire, the flame can spread from the building through the outer openings to the outside. In such cases, the fire temperature thermal effect determines the façade fibrocement tile thermal destruction, while the flammable thermo-insulating systems used for building energy effectiveness ensures it sets on fire. The spread of such a fire becomes uncontrollable and raises an immediate danger to the people inside the building, while such event dynamics delay and make it harder to put out the fire. Extra additive usage in façade fibrocement tiles can raise its resistance to fire temperature effect. Carbon fiber is widely known as a material resistant to the high temperature destructive effect. An investigation was conducted on the influence that carbon fiber has on the properties of autoclaved fiber cement samples. The autoclaved fiber cement samples were made from the raw materials, typical for façade fiber cement plates, produced in an industrial way (using the same proportions). In the samples, carbon fiber was used instead of mix cellulose fiber in 0.5%, 0.75%, 1% proportions. After completing the density research, it was determined that the carbon fiber effect had no general effect on the sample density. Ultrasound speed spreading research showed that the carbon fiber insignificantly makes sample structure denser; however, after the fire temperature effect, sample structure is less dense when using carbon fiber. The results of both these investigations could be within the margin of error. Insignificant sample structure density rise was confirmed with water absorption research, which during the 1% carbon fiber usage case was lower by 4.3%. It was found that up to 1% carbon fiber usage instead of mix cellulose fiber creates a dense structure of autoclaved fiber cement samples, and the carbon fiber in the microstructure influences the mechanical properties of the autoclaved fiber cement samples. After using carbon fiber in ambient temperature, the sample compressive strength and bending strength increased. However, the results of mechanical properties were completely different after experiencing fire temperature effect. Scanning electron microscopy research showed that the bond between the carbon fiber and the cement matrix was not resistant to high temperature effect, due to which the structure of the samples with carbon fiber weakened. Research showed that carbon fiber lowers the mechanical properties of the autoclaved fiber cement samples after high temperature effect. After analyzing the density, ultrasound speed spreading, water absorption, microstructure and macrostructure, compressive strength, and bending strength, the authors determined the main CF usage for AFK dependencies: 1. CF usage up to 1% replacing MCF makes the AFK structure more dense up to 1.5%, and lowers the water absorption up to 4.3%; 2. CF incorporates itself densely into the AFC microstructure; 3. CF usage up to replacing MCF improves the AFK strength properties up to until the fire temperature effect. Compression strength increases up 7.3% while bending strength increases up to 14.9%. 4. AFK hydrate amount on CF surface is lower than on MCF; 5. Fire temperature effect on AFK with CF causes dehydration by removing water vapor from the microstructure, resulting in a lot of microcracks due to stress; 6. The CF and cement matrix contact zone is not resistant to fire temperature effect. SEM experiments were used to determine the CF "self-removing" effect; 7. Due to complex changes happening in the AFK during fire temperature effect, CF usage does not improve strength properties in the microstructure. Compression strength decreases to 66.7% while bending strength decreases to 20% when compared with E samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Veliseicik
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University (VILNIUS TECH), 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Fire Research Centre, 13221 Valčiūnai, Lithuania
| | - Ramune Zurauskiene
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University (VILNIUS TECH), 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Modestas Kligys
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University (VILNIUS TECH), 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Wang L, Zhu P, Song Z, Wang Y, Gong C. Experimental Investigation of the Performance of Corn Straw Fiber Cement-Stabilized Macadam. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:294. [PMID: 36614631 PMCID: PMC9821891 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the application of plant fibers to improve the cementitious mix performance has attracted interest in the field of road materials owing to advantages of environmental protection and cost-effectiveness. As a planting crop, corn exhibits the advantages of being a more abundant resource with a wider distribution than those of other plant fibers. In this study, the effect of corn straw fiber on the properties of cement-stabilized macadam (5% cement) was investigated with the fiber length and content as variables. The test results revealed that the addition of a small amount of fiber marginally affects the compression density of cement-stabilized macadam. At a fiber length of 10 mm and a fiber content of 1%, the maximum increase in the compressive strength was 18.8%, and the maximum increase in the splitting strength was 35.4%. Moreover, at a fiber length of 15 mm and a fiber content of 1%, the shrinkage coefficient was reduced by 29%, and the crack resistance of cement-stabilized macadam was enhanced. In addition, the dry-wet cycle durability of cement-stabilized macadam was improved.
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Kumar C M P, B AR, Kumar M, C P R. Natural nano-fillers materials for the Bio-composites: A review. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Fernandes RAP, da Silveira PHPM, Bastos BC, Pereira PSDC, de Melo VA, Monteiro SN, Tapanes NDLCO, Bastos DC. Bio-Based Composites for Light Automotive Parts: Statistical Analysis of Mechanical Properties; Effect of Matrix and Alkali Treatment in Sisal Fibers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173566. [PMID: 36080641 PMCID: PMC9460829 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Composites based on virgin and recycled polypropylene (PP and rPP) reinforced with 15 wt% sisal fibers, with and without alkali treatment, were prepared by compression molding in a mat composed of a three-layer sandwich structure. The sisal was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The composites were characterized according to physical and mechanical properties. Additionally, a factorial experimental design was used to statistically evaluate the mechanical properties of the composite. The FTIR and XRD indicated the partial removal of amorphous materials from the surface of the sisal after alkali treatment. The composites’ density results varied from 0.892 to 0.927 g·cm−3, which was in the desirable range for producing lightweight automotive components. A slight decrease in the hardness of the pure rPP and rPP composites in relation to the PP was observed. The water absorption was higher in rPP composites, regardless of the chemical treatment. Moreover, the impact resistance of PP and its composites was higher than the values for rPP. Statistical analysis showed that the alkali treatment was a significant factor for the hardness of the rPP and PP composites, and that the addition of the sisal layer was relevant to improve the impact resistance of the composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Anastacia Palermo Fernandes
- Departamento de Materiais, State University of Rio de Janeiro, West Zone Campus—UERJ-ZO, Avenida, Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga, 1203-Campo Grande, Rio de Janeiro 23070-200, Brazil; (R.A.P.F.); (P.S.d.C.P.); (V.A.d.M.); (N.d.L.C.O.T.); (D.C.B.)
| | | | - Beatriz Cruz Bastos
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio de Janeiro—IFRJ, Rua Lúcio Tavares, 1045-Centro, Nilópolis 26530-060, Brazil;
| | - Patricia Soares da Costa Pereira
- Departamento de Materiais, State University of Rio de Janeiro, West Zone Campus—UERJ-ZO, Avenida, Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga, 1203-Campo Grande, Rio de Janeiro 23070-200, Brazil; (R.A.P.F.); (P.S.d.C.P.); (V.A.d.M.); (N.d.L.C.O.T.); (D.C.B.)
| | - Valdir Agustinho de Melo
- Departamento de Materiais, State University of Rio de Janeiro, West Zone Campus—UERJ-ZO, Avenida, Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga, 1203-Campo Grande, Rio de Janeiro 23070-200, Brazil; (R.A.P.F.); (P.S.d.C.P.); (V.A.d.M.); (N.d.L.C.O.T.); (D.C.B.)
| | - Sergio Neves Monteiro
- Department of Materials Science, Military Institute of Engineering—IME, Praça General Tibúrcio, 80, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil;
| | - Neyda de La Caridad Om Tapanes
- Departamento de Materiais, State University of Rio de Janeiro, West Zone Campus—UERJ-ZO, Avenida, Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga, 1203-Campo Grande, Rio de Janeiro 23070-200, Brazil; (R.A.P.F.); (P.S.d.C.P.); (V.A.d.M.); (N.d.L.C.O.T.); (D.C.B.)
| | - Daniele Cruz Bastos
- Departamento de Materiais, State University of Rio de Janeiro, West Zone Campus—UERJ-ZO, Avenida, Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga, 1203-Campo Grande, Rio de Janeiro 23070-200, Brazil; (R.A.P.F.); (P.S.d.C.P.); (V.A.d.M.); (N.d.L.C.O.T.); (D.C.B.)
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10
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Mayhoub OA, Abadel AA, Alharbi YR, Nehdi ML, de Azevedo ARG, Kohail M. Effect of Polymers on Behavior of Ultra-High-Strength Concrete. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132585. [PMID: 35808631 PMCID: PMC9269284 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is still practically limited due to the scarcity of robust mixture designs and sustainable sources of local constituent materials. This study investigates the engineering characteristics of Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) polymeric fiber-reinforced UHPC with partial substitution of cement at 0, 5 and 20 wt.% with latex polymer under steam and air curing techniques. The compressive and tensile strengths along with capillary water absorption and sulfate resistance were measured to evaluate the mechanical and durability properties. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was carried out to explore the microstructure development and hydration products in the designed mixtures under different curing regimes. The results indicated that the mixtures incorporating 20 wt.% SBR polymer achieved superior compressive strength at later ages. Additionally, the tensile strength of the polymeric UHPC without steel fibers and with 20% polymers was enhanced by 50%, which promotes the development of novel UHPC mixtures in which steel fibers could be partially replaced by polymer, while enhancing the tensile properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola A. Mayhoub
- Department of Civil Engineering, El Gazera High Institute for Engineering and Technology, Cairo 11571, Egypt;
| | - Aref A. Abadel
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (A.A.A.); (M.L.N.)
| | - Yousef R. Alharbi
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Moncef L. Nehdi
- Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- Correspondence: (A.A.A.); (M.L.N.)
| | - Afonso R. G. de Azevedo
- LECIV—Civil Engineering Laboratory, UENF—State University of the Northern Rio de Janeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Mohamed Kohail
- Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11535, Egypt;
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Amin MN, Ahmad W, Khan K, Ahmad A. A Comprehensive Review of Types, Properties, Treatment Methods and Application of Plant Fibers in Construction and Building Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:4362. [PMID: 35744418 PMCID: PMC9227278 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable development involves the usage of alternative sustainable materials in order to sustain the excessive depletion of natural resources. Plant fibers, as a "green" material, are progressively gaining the attention of various researchers in the field of construction for their potential use in composites for stepping towards sustainable development. This study aims to provide a scientometric review of the summarized background of plant fibers and their applications as construction and building materials. Studies from the past two decades are summarized. Quantitative assessment of research progress is made by using connections and maps between bibliometric data that are compiled for the analysis of plant fibers using Scopus. Data refinement techniques are also used. Plant fibers are potentially used to enhance the mechanical properties of a composite. It is revealed from the literature that plant-fiber-reinforced composites have comparable properties in comparison to composites reinforced with artificial/steel fibers for civil engineering applications, such as construction materials, bridge piers, canal linings, soil reinforcement, pavements, acoustic treatment, insulation materials, etc. However, the biodegradable nature of plant fibers is still a hindrance to their application as a structural material. For this purpose, different surface and chemical treatment methods have been proposed in past studies to improve their durability. It can be surmised from the gathered data that the compressive and flexural strengths of plant-fiber-reinforced cementitious composites are increased by up to 43% and 67%, respectively, with respect to a reference composite. In the literature, alkaline treatment has been reported as an effective and economical method for treating plant fibers. Environmental degradation due to excessive consumption of natural resources and fossil fuels for the construction industry, along with the burning of waste plant fibers, can be reduced by incorporating said fibers in cementitious composites to reduce landfill pollution and, ultimately, achieve sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nasir Amin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- Department of Civil Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan;
| | - Kaffayatullah Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ayaz Ahmad
- MaREI Centre, Ryan Institute and School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 HX31 Galway, Ireland;
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