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Narayanan M, Gothandapani A, Venugopalan R, Rethinam M, Pitchai S, Alahmadi TA, Almoallim HS, Kandasamy S, Brindhadevi K. Antioxidant and anticancer potential of ethyl acetate extract of bark and flower of Tecoma stans (Linn) and In Silico studies on phytoligands against Bcl2 and VEGFR2 factors. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116112. [PMID: 37182829 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to appraise the antioxidant and anticancer competence of solvent extracts of Tecoma stans (Linn) and analyze the phytoligands interaction against Bcl2 VEGFR2 through in silico studies. The phytochemical analysis revealed that the ethyl acetate extract contains more number of pharmaceutically valuable phytochemicals than other solvent extracts. Among the various phytochemicals, flavonoid was found as a predominant component, and UV-Vis- spectrophotometer analysis initially confirmed it. Hence, the column chromatogram was performed to purify the flavonoid, and High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed. It revealed that the flavonoid enriched fraction by compared with standard flavonoid molecules. About 84.69% and 80.43% of antioxidant activity were found from ethyl acetate extract of bark and flower at the dosage of 80 μg mL-1 with the IC50 value of 47.24 and 43.40 μg mL-1, respectively. In a dose-dependent mode, the ethyl acetate extract of bark and flower showed cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell line MCF 7 (Michigan Cancer Foundation-7) as up to 81.38% and 80.94% of cytotoxicity respectively. Furthermore, the IC50 was found as 208.507 μg mL-1 and 207.38 μg mL-1 for bark and flower extract correspondingly. About 10 medicinal valued flavonoid components were identified from bark (6) and flower (4) ethyl acetate extract through LC-MS analysis. Out of 10 components, the 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (ΔG -8.8) and Isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (ΔG -8.3) had the competence to interact with Bcl2 (B-Cell Lymphoma 2) and VEGFR2 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2) respectively with more energy. Hence, these results confirm that the ethyl acetate extract of bark and flower of T. stans has significant medicinal potential and could be used as antioxidant and anticancer agent after some animal performance study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Division of Research and Innovations, Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anburaj Gothandapani
- Department of Chemistry PRIST Deemed to be University Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajasudha Venugopalan
- Department of Chemistry, Annai Velankanni Arts & Science College, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manikandan Rethinam
- Department of Chemistry, A.V.V.M Sri Pushpam College, Poondi, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sakunthala Pitchai
- Deparment of Chemistry, Government Arts & Science College for Women, Orathanad, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tahani Awad Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Medical City, PO Box-2925, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham S Almoallim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, PO Box-60169, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabariswaran Kandasamy
- Water-Energy Nexus Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Kathirvel Brindhadevi
- Computational Engineering and Design Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Biobran/MGN-3, an Arabinoxylan Rice Bran, Protects against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): An In Vitro and In Silico Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020453. [PMID: 36678324 PMCID: PMC9866808 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), poses a serious global public health threat for which there is currently no satisfactory treatment. This study examines the efficacy of Biobran/MGN-3 against SARS-CoV-2. Biobran is an arabinoxylan rice bran that has been shown to significantly inhibit the related influenza virus in geriatric subjects. Here, Biobran's anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity was assessed using MTT and plaque reduction assays, RT-PCR, ELISA techniques, and measurements of SARS-CoV-2-related gene expression and protein levels. For Vero E6 cells infected with SARS-CoV-2, Biobran reduced the viral load by 91.9% at a dose of 100 μg/mL, it reduced viral counts (PFU/mL) by 90.6% at 50 μg/mL, and it exhibited a significant selectivity index (EC50/IC50) of 22.5. In addition, Biobran at 10 μg/mL inhibited papain-like proteinase (PLpro) by 87% and ACE2 SARS-CoV-2 S-protein RBD by 90.5%, and it significantly suppressed SARS-CoV-2 gene expression, down-regulating E-gene and RdRp gene expression by 93% each at a dose of 50 μg/mL and inhibiting the E-protein by 91.3%. An in silico docking study was also performed to examine the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between SARS-CoV-2 RBD and DC-SIGN as well as between serine carboxypeptidase and papain-like protease PLpro. Serine carboxypeptidase, an active ingredient in Biobran, was found to interfere with the binding of SARS-CoV-2 to its receptor DC-SIGN on Vero cells, thus preventing the cell entry of SARS-CoV-2. In addition, it impairs the viral replication cycle by binding to PLpro. We conclude that Biobran possesses potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and suggest that Biobran may be able to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection. This warrants further investigation in clinical trials.
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Nasralah T, Elnoshokaty A, El-Gayar O, Al-Ramahi M, Wahbeh A. A comparative analysis of anti-vax discourse on twitter before and after COVID-19 onset. Health Informatics J 2022; 28:14604582221135831. [PMID: 36416280 PMCID: PMC9692178 DOI: 10.1177/14604582221135831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify and assess the prevalence of vaccine-hesitancy-related topics on Twitter in the periods before and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Using a search query, 272,780 tweets associated with anti-vaccine topics and posted between 1 January 2011, and 15 January 2021, were collected. The tweets were classified into a list of 11 topics and analyzed for trends during the periods before and after the onset of COVID-19. Since the beginning of COVID-19, the percentage of anti-vaccine tweets has increased for two topics, “government and politics” and “conspiracy theories,” and decreased for “developmental disabilities.” Compared to tweets regarding flu and measles, mumps, and rubella vaccines, those concerning COVID-19 vaccines showed larger percentages for the topics of conspiracy theories and alternative treatments, and a lower percentage for developmental disabilities. The results support existing anti-vaccine literature and the assertion that anti-vaccine sentiments are an important public-health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Nasralah
- Supply Chain and Information Management Group, D’Amore-McKim School of Business, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Abdullah Wahbeh
- Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania, Slippery Rock, PA, United States
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Rahman MM, Islam MR, Akash S, Mim SA, Rahaman MS, Emran TB, Akkol EK, Sharma R, Alhumaydhi FA, Sweilam SH, Hossain ME, Ray TK, Sultana S, Ahmed M, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Wilairatana P. In silico investigation and potential therapeutic approaches of natural products for COVID-19: Computer-aided drug design perspective. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:929430. [PMID: 36072227 PMCID: PMC9441699 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.929430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a substantial number of deaths around the world, making it a serious and pressing public health hazard. Phytochemicals could thus provide a rich source of potent and safer anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. The absence of approved treatments or vaccinations continues to be an issue, forcing the creation of new medicines. Computer-aided drug design has helped to speed up the drug research and development process by decreasing costs and time. Natural compounds like terpenoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, and flavonoid derivatives have a perfect impact against viral replication and facilitate future studies in novel drug discovery. This would be more effective if collaboration took place between governments, researchers, clinicians, and traditional medicine practitioners’ safe and effective therapeutic research. Through a computational approach, this study aims to contribute to the development of effective treatment methods by examining the mechanisms relating to the binding and subsequent inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid (RNA)-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). The in silico method has also been employed to determine the most effective drug among the mentioned compound and their aquatic, nonaquatic, and pharmacokinetics’ data have been analyzed. The highest binding energy has been reported -11.4 kcal/mol against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (7MBG) in L05. Besides, all the ligands are non-carcinogenic, excluding L04, and have good water solubility and no AMES toxicity. The discovery of preclinical drug candidate molecules and the structural elucidation of pharmacological therapeutic targets have expedited both structure-based and ligand-based drug design. This review article will assist physicians and researchers in realizing the enormous potential of computer-aided drug design in the design and discovery of therapeutic molecules, and hence in the treatment of deadly diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sadia Afsana Mim
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Saidur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez, ; Talha Bin Emran, ; Polrat Wilairatana,
| | - Esra Küpeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherouk Hussein Sweilam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Md. Emon Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tanmay Kumar Ray
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sharifa Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Muniruddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez, ; Talha Bin Emran, ; Polrat Wilairatana,
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez, ; Talha Bin Emran, ; Polrat Wilairatana,
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Hajibeygi R, Mirghazanfari SM, Pahlavani N, Jalil AT, Alshahrani SH, Rizaev JA, Hadi S, Hadi V, Yekta NH. Effect of a diet based on Iranian traditional medicine on inflammatory markers and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients: A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Eur J Integr Med 2022; 55:102179. [PMID: 36035633 PMCID: PMC9391229 DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2022.102179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction SARS-CoV-2 causes severe acute respiratory syndrome prompting worldwide demand for new antiviral treatments and supportive care for organ failure caused by this life-threatening virus. This study aimed to help develop a new Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) -based drug and assess its efficacy and safety in COVID-19 patients with major symptoms. Methods In February 2022, a randomized clinical trial was conducted among 160 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted to Emam Reza (AJA) Hospital in Tehran, Iran. During their hospitalization, the intervention group received a treatment protocol approved by Iran's Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME), consisting of an Iranian regimen, Ficus carica; Vitis vinifera, Safflower, Cicer arietinum, Descurainiasophia seeds, Ziziphus jujuba, chicken soup, barley soup, rose water, saffron, and cinnamon spices. All patients were compared in terms of demographics, clinical, and laboratory variables. Results One hundred and sixty COVID-19 patients were divided into two groups: intervention and control. In baseline characteristics, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups (p>0.05). Using SPSS software version 22, statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in four symptoms: myalgia, weakness, headache, and cough (p<0.05). During the 5-day treatment period, the control group had significantly lower C-reactive protein (p<0.05). Conclusion While more research with a larger sample size is needed, the proposed combination appears to be effective in the treatment of symptoms as well as inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein in COVID-19 patients. Iranian registry of clinical trials (IRCT) IRCT20220227054140N1.
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Key Words
- BMI, Body mass index
- C-reactive protein, CRP
- COVID-19, Traditional Persian Medicine, Ficus carica
- Cicer arietinum
- Fatigue Assessment Scale, FAS
- Intensive care unit, ICU
- Ministry of Health and Medical Education, MOHME
- Polymerase chain reaction, PCR
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2
- Superoxide dismutase, SOD
- Traditional Persian Medicine, TPM
- Visual analog scale, VAS
- Vitis vinifera
- alanine aminotransferase, ALT
- aspartate aminotransferase, AST
- blood urea nitrogen, BUN
- creatinine, Cr
- hemoglobin, HB
- lactate dehydrogenase, LDH
- red blood cells, RBC
- white blood cells, WBC
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramtin Hajibeygi
- Department of Health, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayid Mahdi Mirghazanfari
- Department of Physiology and Iranian Medicine, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences
| | - Naseh Pahlavani
- Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | | | - Jasur Alimdjanovich Rizaev
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare Management, Rector, Samarkand State Medical University, 18, Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Saeid Hadi
- Department of Health, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Hadi
- Department of Health, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Hosseini Yekta
- Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rathod NB, Elabed N, Özogul F, Regenstein JM, Galanakis CM, Aljaloud SO, Ibrahim SA. The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Seafood Safety and Human Health. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:875164. [PMID: 35814679 PMCID: PMC9257084 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.875164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused several negative impacts on global human health and the world's economy. Food and seafood safety and security were among the principal challenges and causes of concern for the food industry and consumers during the spread of this global pandemic. This article focused on the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on potential safety issues with seafood products and their processing methods. Moreover, the potential impacts of coronavirus transmission through seafood on human health were evaluated. The role of authenticity, traceability, and antimicrobials from natural sources to preserve seafood and the possible interaction of functional foods on the human immune system are also discussed. Although seafood is not considered a principal vector of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, the possible infections through contaminated surfaces of such food products cannot be neglected. The positive effects of seafood consumption on possible immunity built up, and COVID-19 are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikheel Bhojraj Rathod
- Department of Post Harvest Management of Meat, Poultry and Fish, Post-graduate Institute of Post-harvest Management (Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth), Raigad, India
| | - Nariman Elabed
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Fatih Özogul
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Joe M. Regenstein
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Charis M. Galanakis
- Research and Innovation Department, Galanakis Laboratories, Chania, Greece
- Food Waste Recovery Group, ISEKI Food Association, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sulaiman Omar Aljaloud
- College of Sports Science and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salam A. Ibrahim
- Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, 171 Carver Hall, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States
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Rahman MM, Bibi S, Rahaman MS, Rahman F, Islam F, Khan MS, Hasan MM, Parvez A, Hossain MA, Maeesa SK, Islam MR, Najda A, Al-Malky HS, Mohamed HRH, AlGwaiz HIM, Awaji AA, Germoush MO, Kensara OA, Abdel-Daim MM, Saeed M, Kamal MA. Natural therapeutics and nutraceuticals for lung diseases: Traditional significance, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113041. [PMID: 35658211 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), infections like influenza, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), asthma and pneumonia lung cancer (LC) are common causes of sickness and death worldwide due to their remoteness, cold and harsh climatic conditions, and inaccessible health care facilities. PURPOSE Many drugs have already been proposed for the treatment of lung diseases. Few of them are in clinical trials and have the potential to cure infectious diseases. Plant extracts or herbal products have been extensively used as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Indian Ayurveda. Moreover, it has been involved in the inhibition of certain genes/protiens effects to promote regulation of signaling pathways. Natural remedies have been scientifically proven with remarkable bioactivities and are considered a cheap and safe source for lung disease. METHODS This comprehensive review highlighted the literature about traditional plants and their metabolites with their applications for the treatment of lung diseases through experimental models in humans. Natural drugs information and mode of mechanism have been studied through the literature retrieved by Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Scopus and Medline PubMed resources against lung diseases. RESULTS In vitro, in vivo and computational studies have been explained for natural metabolites derived from plants (like flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids) against different types of lung diseases. Probiotics have also been biologically active therapeutics against cancer, anti-inflammation, antiplatelet, antiviral, and antioxidants associated with lung diseases. CONCLUSION The results of the mentioned natural metabolites repurposed for different lung diseases especially for SARS-CoV-2 should be evaluated more by advance computational applications, experimental models in the biological system, also need to be validated by clinical trials so that we may be able to retrieve potential drugs for most challenging lung diseases especially SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shabana Bibi
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China; Department of Biosciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Milat University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Md Saidur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firoza Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Saad Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Anwar Parvez
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abid Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Saila Kabir Maeesa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable and Herbal Crops, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Hamdan S Al-Malky
- Regional Drug Information Center, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan R H Mohamed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Hussah I M AlGwaiz
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aeshah A Awaji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University College of Taymaa, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa O Germoush
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box: 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A Kensara
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 7067, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudia Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; West China School of Nursing / Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
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Special Issue on “Phenolic Compounds: Extraction, Optimization, Identification and Applications in Food Industry”. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest has grown regarding natural plant extracts in food and beverage applications, their vital role in food quality and technology, and their therapeutic use in inhibiting several diseases [...]
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El-Mageed HRA, Abdelrheem DA, Rafi MO, Sarker MT, Al-Khafaji K, Hossain MJ, Capasso R, Emran TB. In Silico Evaluation of Different Flavonoids from Medicinal Plants for Their Potency against SARS-CoV-2. BIOLOGICS 2021; 1:416-434. [DOI: 10.3390/biologics1030024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing pandemic situation of COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses a global threat to both the world economy and public health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover effective vaccines or drugs to fight against this virus. The flavonoids and their medicinal plant sources have already exhibited various biological effects, including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, etc. This study was designed to evaluate different flavonoids from medicinal plants as potential inhibitors against the spike protein (Sp) and main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 using various computational approaches such as molecular docking, molecular dynamics. The binding affinity and inhibitory effects of all studied flavonoids were discussed and compared with some antiviral drugs that are currently being used in COVID-19 treatment namely favipiravir, lopinavir, and hydroxychloroquine, respectively. Among all studies flavonoids and proposed antiviral drugs, luteolin and mundulinol exhibited the highest binding affinity toward Mpro and Sp. Drug-likeness and ADMET studies revealed that the chosen flavonoids are safe and non-toxic. One hundred ns-MD simulations were implemented for luteolin-Mpro, mundulinol-Mpro, luteolin-Sp, and mundulinol-Sp complexes and the results revealed strong stability of these flavonoid-protein complexes. Furthermore, MM/PBSA confirms the stability of luteolin and mundulinol interactions within the active sites of this protein. In conclusion, our findings reveal that the promising activity of luteolin and mundulinol as inhibitors against COVID-19 via inhibiting the spike protein and major protease of SARS CoV-2, and we urge further research to achieve the clinical significance of our proposed molecular-based efficacy.
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Al-Sanea MM, Abelyan N, Abdelgawad MA, Musa A, Ghoneim MM, Al-Warhi T, Aljaeed N, Alotaibi OJ, Alnusaire TS, Abdelwahab SF, Helmy A, Abdelmohsen UR, Youssif KA. Strawberry and Ginger Silver Nanoparticles as Potential Inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 Assisted by In Silico Modeling and Metabolic Profiling. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:824. [PMID: 34356745 PMCID: PMC8300822 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), a novel coronavirus causing life-threatening pneumonia, caused a pandemic starting in 2019 and caused unprecedented economic and health crises all over the globe. This requires the rapid discovery of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug candidates to overcome this life-threatening pandemic. Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) methanolic extracts were used for silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) synthesis to explore their SARS-CoV-2 inhibitory potential. Moreover, an in silico study was performed to explore the possible chemical compounds that might be responsible for the anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential. The characterization of the green synthesized AgNPs was carried out with transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared, spectroscopy ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, zeta potential, and a dynamic light-scattering technique. The metabolic profiling of strawberry and ginger methanolic extract was assessed using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. The antiviral potential against SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated using an MTT assay. Moreover, in silico modeling and the molecular dynamic study were conducted via AutoDock Vina to demonstrate the potential of the dereplicated compounds to bind to some of the SARS-CoV-2 proteins. The TEM analysis of strawberry and ginger AgNPs showed spherical nanoparticles with mean sizes of 5.89 nm and 5.77 nm for strawberry and ginger, respectively. The UV-Visible spectrophotometric analysis showed an absorption peak at λmax of 400 nm for strawberry AgNPs and 405 nm for ginger AgNPs. The Zeta potential values of the AgNPs of the methanolic extract of strawberry was -39.4 mV, while for AgNPs of ginger methanolic extract it was -42.6 mV, which indicates a high stability of the biosynthesized nanoparticles. The strawberry methanolic extract and the green synthesized AgNPs of ginger showed the highest antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. Dereplication of the secondary metabolites from the crude methanolic extracts of strawberry and ginger resulted in the annotation of different classes of compounds including phenolic, flavonoids, fatty acids, sesquiterpenes, triterpenes, sterols, and others. The docking study was able to predict the different patterns of interaction between the different compounds of strawberry and ginger with seven SARS-CoV-2 protein targets including five viral proteins (Mpro, ADP ribose phosphatase, NSP14, NSP16, PLpro) and two humans (AAK1, Cathepsin L). The molecular docking and dynamics simulation study showed that neohesperidin demonstrated the potential to bind to both human AAK1 protein and SARS-CoV-2 NSP16 protein, which makes this compound of special interest as a potential dual inhibitor. Overall, the present study provides promise for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 green synthesized AgNPs, which could be developed in the future into a new anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Narek Abelyan
- Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Russian-Armenian University, Yerevan 0051, Armenia;
- Foundation for Armenian Science and Technology, Yerevan 0033, Armenia
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al Maarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.-W.); (N.A.); (O.J.A.)
| | - Nada Aljaeed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.-W.); (N.A.); (O.J.A.)
| | - Ohoud J. Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.-W.); (N.A.); (O.J.A.)
| | - Taghreed S. Alnusaire
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
- Olive Research Center, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed F. Abdelwahab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Taif College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Aya Helmy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 11865, Egypt; (A.H.); (K.A.Y.)
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Khayrya A. Youssif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 11865, Egypt; (A.H.); (K.A.Y.)
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11
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Nile SH, Nile A, Jalde S, Kai G. Recent advances in potential drug therapies combating COVID-19 and related coronaviruses-A perspective. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 154:112333. [PMID: 34118347 PMCID: PMC8189744 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a large family of viruses responsible for the severe pathophysiological effects on human health. The most severe outbreak includes Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The COVID-19 poses major challenges to clinical management because no specific FDA-approved therapy yet to be available. Thus, the existing therapies are being used for the treatment of COVID-19, which are under clinical trials and compassionate use, based on in vitro and in silico studies. In this review, we summarize the potential therapies utilizing small molecules, bioactive compounds, nucleoside and nucleotide analogs, peptides, antibodies, natural products, and synthetic compounds targeting the complex molecular signaling network involved in COVID-19. In this review>230 natural and chemically synthesized drug therapies are described with their recent advances in research and development being done in terms of their chemical, structural and functional properties. This review focuses on possible targets for viral cells, viral proteins, viral replication, and different molecular pathways for the discovery of novel viral- and host-based therapeutic targets against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Arti Nile
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea
| | - Shivkumar Jalde
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jungwon University, Goesan, 28420, South Korea
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
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12
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Gediz Erturk A, Sahin A, Bati Ay E, Pelit E, Bagdatli E, Kulu I, Gul M, Mesci S, Eryilmaz S, Oba Ilter S, Yildirim T. A Multidisciplinary Approach to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Molecules 2021; 26:3526. [PMID: 34207756 PMCID: PMC8228528 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since December 2019, humanity has faced an important global threat. Many studies have been published on the origin, structure, and mechanism of action of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the treatment of its disease. The priority of scientists all over the world has been to direct their time to research this subject. In this review, we highlight chemical studies and therapeutic approaches to overcome COVID-19 with seven different sections. These sections are the structure and mechanism of action of SARS-CoV-2, immunotherapy and vaccine, computer-aided drug design, repurposing therapeutics for COVID-19, synthesis of new molecular structures against COVID-19, food safety/security and functional food components, and potential natural products against COVID-19. In this work, we aimed to screen all the newly synthesized compounds, repurposing chemicals covering antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiparasitic, anticancer, antipsychotic, and antihistamine compounds against COVID-19. We also highlight computer-aided approaches to develop an anti-COVID-19 molecule. We explain that some phytochemicals and dietary supplements have been identified as antiviral bioproducts, which have almost been successfully tested against COVID-19. In addition, we present immunotherapy types, targets, immunotherapy and inflammation/mutations of the virus, immune response, and vaccine issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliye Gediz Erturk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Ordu University, Altınordu, Ordu 52200, Turkey;
| | - Arzu Sahin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences—Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Uşak University, 1-EylulUşak 64000, Turkey;
| | - Ebru Bati Ay
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Suluova Vocational School, Amasya University, Suluova, Amasya 05100, Turkey;
| | - Emel Pelit
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kırklareli University, Kırklareli 39000, Turkey;
| | - Emine Bagdatli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Ordu University, Altınordu, Ordu 52200, Turkey;
| | - Irem Kulu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey;
| | - Melek Gul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Amasya University, Ipekkoy, Amasya 05100, Turkey
| | - Seda Mesci
- Scientific Technical Application and Research Center, Hitit University, Çorum 19030, Turkey;
| | - Serpil Eryilmaz
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Amasya University, Ipekkoy, Amasya 05100, Turkey;
| | - Sirin Oba Ilter
- Food Processing Department, Suluova Vocational School, Amasya University, Suluova, Amasya 05100, Turkey;
| | - Tuba Yildirim
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Amasya University, Ipekkoy, Amasya 05100, Turkey;
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13
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Abdallah HM, El-Halawany AM, Sirwi A, El-Araby AM, Mohamed GA, Ibrahim SRM, Koshak AE, Asfour HZ, Awan ZA, A. Elfaky M. Repurposing of Some Natural Product Isolates as SARS-COV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors via In Vitro Cell Free and Cell-Based Antiviral Assessments and Molecular Modeling Approaches. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:213. [PMID: 33806331 PMCID: PMC8001104 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has prompted scientists to search for an efficient antiviral medicine to overcome the rapid spread and the marked increase in the number of patients worldwide. In this regard natural products could be a potential source of substances active against coronavirus infections. A systematic computer-aided virtual screening approach was carried out using commercially available natural products found on the Zinc Database in addition to an in-house compound library to identify potential natural product inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (MPRO). The top eighteen hits from the screening were selected for in vitro evaluation on the viral protease (SARS-CoV-2 MPRO). Five compounds (naringenin, 2,3',4,5',6-pentahydroxybenzophenone, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, sennoside B, and acetoside) displayed high activity against the viral protein. Acteoside showed similar activity to the positive control GC376. The most potent compounds were tested in vitro on SARS-CoV-2 Egyptian strain where only naringenin showed moderate anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity at non-cytotoxic micromolar concentrations in vitro with a significant selectivity index (CC50/IC50 = 178.748/28.347 = 6.3). Moreover; a common feature pharmacophore model was generated to explain the requirements for enzyme inhibition by this diverse group of active ligands. These results pave a path for future repurposing and development of natural products to aid in the battle against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam M. Abdallah
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (G.A.M.); (A.E.K.); (M.A.E.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
| | - Ali M. El-Halawany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
| | - Alaa Sirwi
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (G.A.M.); (A.E.K.); (M.A.E.)
| | - Amr M. El-Araby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams Universit, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Gamal A. Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (G.A.M.); (A.E.K.); (M.A.E.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim
- Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, North Obhur, Prince Abdullah Al-Faisal Street, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman E. Koshak
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (G.A.M.); (A.E.K.); (M.A.E.)
| | - Hani Z. Asfour
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zuhier A. Awan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahmoud A. Elfaky
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.); (G.A.M.); (A.E.K.); (M.A.E.)
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14
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Li D, Hu J, Li D, Yang W, Yin SF, Qiu R. Reviews on Biological Activity, Clinical Trial and Synthesis Progress of Small Molecules for the Treatment of COVID-19. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 379:4. [PMID: 33428032 PMCID: PMC7797499 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-00318-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has broken out rapidly in nearly all countries worldwide, and has blossomed into a pandemic. Since the beginning of the spread of COVID-19, many scientists have been cooperating to study a vast array of old drugs and new clinical trial drugs to discover potent drugs with anti-COVID-19 activity, including antiviral drugs, antimalarial drugs, immunosuppressants, Chinese medicines, Mpro inhibitors, JAK inhibitors, etc. The most commonly used drugs are antiviral compounds, antimalarial drugs and JAK inhibitors. In this review, we summarize mainly the antimalarial drugs chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, the antiviral drugs Favipiravir and Remdesivir, and JAK inhibitor Ruxolitinib, discussing their biological activities, clinical trials and synthesis progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingzhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dian Li
- Department of Modern Economy and Trade, Hunan Vocational College of Engineering, Changsha, 410151, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuang-Feng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Renhua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Huang J, Tao G, Liu J, Cai J, Huang Z, Chen JX. Current Prevention of COVID-19: Natural Products and Herbal Medicine. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:588508. [PMID: 33178026 PMCID: PMC7597394 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.588508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Starting from December 2019, novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused tremendous economic loss and unprecedented health crisis across the globe. While the development of cure is at full speed, less attention and fewer effort have been spent on the prevention of this rapidly spreading respiratory infectious disease. Although so far, several vaccine candidates have advanced into clinical trials, limited data have been released regarding the vaccine efficacy and safety in human, not mention the long-term effectiveness of those vaccines remain as open question yet. Natural products and herbal medicines have been historically used for acute respiratory infection and generally show acceptable toxicity. The favorable stability for oral formulation and ease of scaling up manufacture make it ideal candidate for prophylactic. Hereby, we summarized the most recent advance in SARS-CoV-2 prevention including vaccine development as well as experimental prophylactics. Mainly, we reviewed the natural products showing inhibitory effect on human coronavirus, and discussed the herbal medicines lately used for COVID-19, especially focused on the herbal products already approved by regulatory agency with identifiable patent number. We demonstrated that to fill in the response gap between appropriate treatment and commercially available vaccine, repurposing natural products and herbal medicines as prophylactic will be a vigorous approach to stop or at least slow down SARS-CoV-2 transmission. In the interest of public health, this will lend health officials better control on the current pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Huang
- Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gabriel Tao
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Junming Cai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Zhongyu Huang
- Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-xu Chen
- Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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