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Mahendrarajan V, Lazarus H, Easwaran N. Quorum quenching mediated biofilm impediment in Chromobacterium violaceum and Staphylococcus aureus by leaf extracts of Delonix elata. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31898. [PMID: 38882294 PMCID: PMC11177153 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms that cause systemic infections, resistance development and delay in healing wounds. Biofilms can form in various parts of the human body, such as the teeth, lungs, urinary tract, and wounds. Biofilm complicates the effects of antibiotics in treating infections. In search of a cure, a plant-based phyto component was selected for this investigation as an anti-quorum-mediated biofilm restricting agent in Gram-negative Chromobacterium violaceum and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. The bioactive components in Delonix elata (DE) ethyl acetate extract were identified using Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The extract was examined for toxicity using 3T3 cell lines and brine shrimp and ascertained to be non-toxic. Violacein was inhibited up to 68.81 % in C. violaceum at 0.6 mg/ml concentration. Hemolysin synthesis impediments in C. violaceum and S. aureus were 80 % and 51.35 %, respectively, at 0.6 mg/ml of DE extract. At 0.6 mg/ml, EPS was abated by up to 49 % in C. violaceum and 35.26 % in S. aureus. DE extract prevented biofilm formation in C. violaceum and S. aureus up to 76.45 % and 58.15 %, respectively, while associated eDNA was suppressed up to 67.50 % and 53.47 % at the respective sub-MIC concentrations. Expression of genes such as cviI, cviR, vioA, vioB, and vioE were dramatically reduced in C. violaceum, while genes such as agrA, sarA, fnbA, and fnbB were significantly reduced in S. aureus. Docking demonstrates that two or more DE molecules bind efficiently to the QS receptors of C. violaceum and S. aureus. Thus, DE extract can be investigated for therapeutic purposes against pathogenic microorganisms by rendering them less virulent through quorum quenching mediated action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatramanan Mahendrarajan
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Tiruvalam Road, Katpadi, India
| | - Huldah Lazarus
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Tiruvalam Road, Katpadi, India
| | - Nalini Easwaran
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Tiruvalam Road, Katpadi, India
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Badawy MSEM, Riad OKM, Harras MF, Binsuwaidan R, Saleh A, Zaki SA. Chitosan-Aspirin Combination Inhibits Quorum-Sensing Synthases ( lasI and rhlI) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:481. [PMID: 38672752 PMCID: PMC11051473 DOI: 10.3390/life14040481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quorum sensing (QS) controls the virulence of P. aeruginosa. This study aims to determine the anti-QS activity of aspirin alone and in combination with chitosan to reach maximum inhibition. We tested ten virulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) isolates and screened for N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) production using Agrobacterium tumefaciens as a biosensor. P. aeruginosa isolates were treated with sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of aspirin and chitosan-aspirin. We used broth microdilution and checkerboard titration methods to determine the MICs and the synergistic effect of these two compounds, respectively. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to estimate the anti-QS activity of the aspirin-chitosan combination on the expression of lasI and rhlI genes. RESULTS Aspirin decreased the motility and production of AHLs, pyocyanin, and biofilm. Chitosan potentiated the inhibitory effect of aspirin. The chitosan-aspirin combination inhibited lasI and rhlI gene expression in PAO1 (ATCC 15692) by 7.12- and 0.92-fold, respectively. In clinical isolates, the expression of lasI and rhlI was decreased by 1.76 × 102- and 1.63 × 104-fold, respectively. Molecular docking analysis revealed that aspirin could fit into the active sites of the QS synthases lasI and rhlI with a high binding affinity, causing conformational changes that resulted in their inhibition. CONCLUSIONS The chitosan-aspirin combination provides new insights into treating virulent and resistant P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Shaban E. M. Badawy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Omnia Karem M. Riad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Marwa F. Harras
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Reem Binsuwaidan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Asmaa Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Samar A. Zaki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
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Bajire SK, Shastry RP. Synergistic effects of COVID-19 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a polymicrobial perspective. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:591-601. [PMID: 37129767 PMCID: PMC10152025 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04744-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses the connection between the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is a multifaceted respiratory illness that is typically observed in individuals with chronic exposure to chemical irritants or severe lung damage caused by various pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The pathogenesis of COPD is complex, involving a variety of genotypes and phenotypic characteristics that result in severe co-infections and a poor prognosis if not properly managed. We focus on the role of SARS-CoV-2 infection in severe COPD exacerbations in connection to P. aeruginosa infection, covering pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy. This review also includes a thorough structural overview of COPD and recent developments in understanding its complicated and chronic nature. While COVID-19 is clearly linked to emphysema and chronic bronchitis at different stages of the disease, our understanding of the precise interaction between microbial infections during COPD, particularly with SARS-CoV-2 in the lungs, remains inadequate. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the host-pathogen relationship from the clinician's perspective in order to effectively manage COPD. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the subject matter to assist clinicians in their efforts to improve the treatment and management of COPD, especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukesh Kumar Bajire
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Rajesh P Shastry
- Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, India.
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Mahdi I, Imbimbo P, Ortaakarsu AB, Adhiambo Ochieng M, Ben Bakrim W, Drissi BE, Ibrahim MA, Abdelfattah MAO, Mahmoud MF, Monti DM, Sobeh M. Chemical profiling and dermatological and anti-aging properties of Syzygium jambos L. (Alston): evidence from molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and in vitro experiments. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 10:1331059. [PMID: 38250734 PMCID: PMC10797028 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1331059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The phytoconstituents of the aqueous extract from Syzygium jambos L. (Alston) leaves were defined using HPLC-PDA-MS/MS and the antioxidant, anti-aging, antibacterial, and anti-biofilm activities of the extract were in silico and in vitro investigated. The antioxidant activities were performed using in vitro DPPH and FRAP assays as well as H2-DCFDA assay in HaCaT cells in which oxidative stress was induced by UVA radiation. Anti-aging activity was tested in vitro, using aging-related enzymes. The antibacterial, anti-biofilm and inhibitory effects on bacterial mobilities (swarming and swimming) were assessed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results showed that S. jambos aqueous extract contained 28 phytochemicals belonging to different metabolite classes, mainly phenolic acids, gallic acid derivatives, flavonoids, and ellagitannins. Mineral content analysis showed that S. jambos leaves contained moderate amounts of nitrogen, potassium, manganese, magnesium, and zinc, relatively low amounts of phosphorus and copper, and high concentration of calcium and iron. The extract displayed strong antioxidant activities in vitro and inhibited UVA-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT cells. Docking the major compounds identified in the extract into the four main protein targets involved in skin aging revealed an appreciable inhibitory potential of these compounds against tyrosinase, elastase, hyaluronidase, and collagenase enzymes. Moreover, molecular dynamic simulations were adopted to confirm the binding affinity of some selected compounds towards the target enzymes. The extract exhibited pronounced in vitro anti-aging effects, compared to kojic acid and quercetin (the reference compounds). It also inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa, counteracted its ability to form biofilm, and impeded its swarming and swimming mobilities. Altogether, these findings strongly propose S. jambos leaves as a promising source of bioactive metabolites for the development of natural cosmeceutical and dermatological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Mahdi
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Paola Imbimbo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Melvin Adhiambo Ochieng
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Widad Ben Bakrim
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Badr Eddine Drissi
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | | | | | - Mona F. Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Ben Guerir, Morocco
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Qaralleh H. Chemical Composition and Quorum Sensing Inhibitory Effect of Nepeta curviflora Methanolic Extract against ESBL Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Pharmacopuncture 2023; 26:307-318. [PMID: 38162474 PMCID: PMC10739471 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2023.26.4.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Bacterial biofilm is regarded as a significant threat to the production of safe food and the arise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the quorum sensing inhibitory effect of Nepeta curviflora methanolic extract. Methods The effectiveness of the leaves at sub-inhibitory concentrations of 2.5, 1.25, and 0.6 mg/mL on the virulence factors and biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa was evaluated. The effect of N. curviflora methanolic extract on the virulence factors of P. aeruginosa, including pyocyanin, rhamnolipid, protease, and chitinase, was evaluated. Other tests including the crystal violet assay, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), swarming motility, aggregation ability, hydrophobicity and exopolysaccharide production were conducted to assess the effect of the extract on the formation of biofilm. Insight into the mode of anti-quorum sensing action was evaluated by examining the effect of the extract on the activity of N-Acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) and the expression of pslA and pelA genes. Results The results showed a significant attenuation in the production of pyocyanin and rhamnolipid and in the activities of protease and chitinase enzymes at 2.5 and 1.25 mg/mL. In addition, N. curviflora methanolic extract significantly inhibited the formation of P. aeruginosa biofilm by decreasing aggregation, hydrophobicity, and swarming motility as well as the production of exopolysaccharide (EPS). A significant reduction in AHL secretion and pslA gene expression was observed, indicating that the extract inhibited quorum sensing by disrupting the quorum-sensing systems. The quorum-sensing inhibitory effect of N. curviflora extract appears to be attributed to the presence of kaempferol, quercetin, salicylic acid, rutin, and rosmarinic acid, as indicated by LCMS analysis. Conclusion The results of the present study provide insight into the potential of developing anti-quorum sensing agents using the extract and the identified compounds to treat infections resulting from quorum sensing-mediated bacterial pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Qaralleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Mutah University, Mutah, Karak, Jordan
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Khan MA, Celik I, Khan HM, Shahid M, Shahzad A, Kumar S, Ahmed B. Antibiofilm and anti-quorum sensing activity of Psidium guajava L. leaf extract: In vitro and in silico approach. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295524. [PMID: 38113217 PMCID: PMC10729950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The quorum sensing mechanism relies on the detection and response to chemical signals, termed autoinducers, which regulate the synthesis of virulence factors including toxins, enzymes, and biofilms. Emerging therapeutic strategies for infection control encompass approaches that attenuate quorum-sensing systems. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial, anti-quorum sensing, and anti-biofilm activities of Psidium guajava L. methanolic leaf extracts (PGME). Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of PGME were determined as 500 μg/ml for C. violaceum and 1000 μg/ml for P. aeruginosa PAO1. Significantly, even at sub-MIC concentrations, PGME exhibited noteworthy anti-quorum sensing properties, as evidenced by concentration-dependent inhibition of pigment production in C. violaceum 12742. Furthermore, PGME effectively suppressed quorum-sensing controlled virulence factors in P. aeruginosa PAO1, including biofilm formation, pyoverdin, pyocyanin, and rhamnolipid production, with concentration-dependent inhibitory effects. Phytochemical analysis utilizing GC-MS revealed the presence of compounds such as alpha-copaene, caryophyllene, and nerolidol. In-silico docking studies indicated a plausible mechanism for the observed anti-quorum sensing activity, involving favorable binding and interactions with QS-receptors, including RhlR, CviR', LasI, and LasR proteins. These interactions were found to potentially disrupt QS pathways through suppression of AHL production and receptor protein blockade. Collectively, our findings propose PGME as a promising candidate for the treatment of bacterial infections. Its attributes that mitigate biofilm development and impede quorum-sensing mechanisms highlight its potential therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Ahamad Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Ismail Celik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Haris M. Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Science, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Anwar Shahzad
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Bilal Ahmed
- Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
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Archana M, Rubini D, Dharshini KP, Hari BNV, Jayasankari S, Ramyadevi D, Gonciarz W, Domańska A, Brzeziński M, Nithyanand P. Development of an anti-infective urinary catheter composed of polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/methylcellulose/polyethylene glycol by using a pressure-assisted 3D-printing technique. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126029. [PMID: 37524285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are a common complication associated with catheterization, leading to urosepsis, bacteriuria, and septicaemia. The present work focuses on 3D printing a urinary catheter with anti-infective properties using various concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, e.g., 6-8 %), sodium alginate (NaAlg, e.g. 1-4 %), methylcellulose (MC, 5 %), polyethylene glycol (PEG, 5 %) impregnated with secnidazole, an antibiotic acting against Gram-negative bacteria. To produce suitable polymer ink for Pressure Assisted Microsyringe (PAM) 3D printing, the cross-linked between NaAlg and calcium chloride is necessary to prepare the catheter. The optimised catheter was found to have an outer diameter of 5 mm, an inner diameter of 3.5 mm, and a length of the catheter of 50 mm. The analysis by various methods confirms the successful incorporation of secnidazole in the 3D-printed catheter. A drug-loaded/coated catheter showed an initial drug release of 79 % following a sustained release to reach 100 % within 5 h. Weibull model fits well with the drug release data. The release models suggest the Quasi-Fickian diffusion mechanism from the system. Moreover, the secnidazole 3D printed catheter disrupted biofilms and suppressed all the Quorum sensing mediated virulence factors of two important keystone pathogens causing urinary tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menon Archana
- Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Durairajan Rubini
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnan Priya Dharshini
- Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bodethala Narayanan Vedha Hari
- Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies in Łódź, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Senthilganesh Jayasankari
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Durai Ramyadevi
- Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Weronika Gonciarz
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Domańska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek Brzeziński
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies in Łódź, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Paramasivam Nithyanand
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Bains A, Chawla P, Inbaraj BS. Evaluation of In Vitro Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anti-Quorum Sensing Activity of Edible Mushroom ( Agrocybe aegerita). Foods 2023; 12:3562. [PMID: 37835214 PMCID: PMC10572136 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, ethanol extract obtained from the mycelial culture of Agrocybe aegerita was evaluated for its antioxidant activity as well for its potential to inhibit the virulence factor responsible for quorum-sensing activity and antibiofilm activity of pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 strain. The extract of mushroom at different concentrations showed percentage inhibition in a dose-dependent manner for DPPH and nitric oxide assays with the lowest as 38.56 ± 0.11% and 38.87 ± 0.04% at 50 µg/mL and the highest as 85.63 ± 0.12% and 82.34 ± 0.12% at 200 µg/mL. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of functional group -OH, O-H bending bonds, C=C stretching, pyranose ring, and H-C-H stretch, confirming the presence of phenol, carotenoid, and ascorbic acid. HPLC analysis revealed that the concentration of gallic acid present in the extract is 27.94 mg/100 g which is significantly (p < 0.05) more than the concentration of rutin (i.e., 7.35 mg/100 g). GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 5-methyl-1-heptanol, 2-heptadecenal, phthalic acid, butyl hept-4-yl ester, 2-dodecanol, benzoic acid, TMS derivative. The extract showed significantly (p < 0.05) more inhibition of pyocyanin (61.32%) and pyoverdine (54.02%). At higher concentrations of mushroom extract, there was a significant (p < 0.05) reduction (56.32%) in the swarming motility of the test organism. The extract showed 72.35% inhibition in biofilm formation. Therefore, it has been concluded from the present study that mushroom extract, which is rich in phenolic compounds interferes with the virulence factor responsible for quorum sensing, thereby inhibiting biofilm formation, and can be utilized as therapeutic agents against multi-drug resistant pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Bains
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India;
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Moiketsi BN, Makale KPP, Rantong G, Rahube TO, Makhzoum A. Potential of Selected African Medicinal Plants as Alternative Therapeutics against Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2605. [PMID: 37892979 PMCID: PMC10604549 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is considered a "One-Health" problem, impacting humans, animals, and the environment. The problem of the rapid development and spread of bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics is a rising global health threat affecting both rich and poor nations. Low- and middle-income countries are at highest risk, in part due to the lack of innovative research on the surveillance and discovery of novel therapeutic options. Fast and effective drug discovery is crucial towards combatting antimicrobial resistance and reducing the burden of infectious diseases. African medicinal plants have been used for millennia in folk medicine to cure many diseases and ailments. Over 10% of the Southern African vegetation is applied in traditional medicine, with over 15 species being partially or fully commercialized. These include the genera Euclea, Ficus, Aloe, Lippia. And Artemisia, amongst many others. Bioactive compounds from indigenous medicinal plants, alone or in combination with existing antimicrobials, offer promising solutions towards overcoming multi-drug resistance. Secondary metabolites have different mechanisms and modes of action against bacteria, such as the inhibition and disruption of cell wall synthesis; inhibition of DNA replication and ATP synthesis; inhibition of quorum sensing; inhibition of AHL or oligopeptide signal generation, broadcasting, and reception; inhibition of the formation of biofilm; disruption of pathogenicity activities; and generation of reactive oxygen species. The aim of this review is to highlight some promising traditional medicinal plants found in Africa and provide insights into their secondary metabolites as alternative options in antibiotic therapy against multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Additionally, synergism between plant secondary metabolites and antibiotics has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Teddie O. Rahube
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST), Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana; (B.N.M.); (K.P.P.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Abdullah Makhzoum
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST), Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana; (B.N.M.); (K.P.P.M.); (G.R.)
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Mosallam FM, Abbas HA, Shaker GH, Gomaa SE. Alleviating the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus by ascorbic acid nanoemulsion. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104084. [PMID: 37247797 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The high incidence of persistent multidrug resistant bacterial infections is a worldwide public health burden. Alternative strategies are required to deal with such issue including the use of drugs with anti-virulence activity. The application of nanotechnology to develop advanced Nano-materials that target quorum sensing regulated virulence factors is an attractive approach. Synthesis of ascorbic acid Nano-emulsion (ASC-NEs) and assessment of its activity in vitro against the virulence factors and its protective ability against pathogenesis as well as the effect against expression of quorum sensing genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Ascorbic acid Nano-emulsion was characterized by DLS Zetasizer Technique, Zeta potential; Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The antibacterial activity of ASC-NEs was tested by the broth microdilution method and the activity of their sub-MIC against the expression of quorum sensing controlled virulence was investigated using phenotypic experiments and RT-PCR. The protective activity of ASC-NEs against P. aeruginosa as well as S. aureus pathogenesis was tested in vivo. Phenotypically, ASC-NEs had strong virulence inhibitory activity against the tested bacteria. The RT-PCR experiment showed that it exhibited significant QS inhibitory activity. The in vivo results showed that ASC-NEs protected against staphylococcal infection, however, it failed to protect mice against Pseudomonal infection. These results suggest the promising use of nanoformulations against virulence factors in multidrug resistant P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. However, further studies are required concerning the potential toxicity, clearance and phamacokinetics of the nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farag M Mosallam
- Drug Microbiology Lab., Drug Radiation Research Department, Biotechnology Division, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hisham A Abbas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology-Faculty of Pharmacy-Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ghada H Shaker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology-Faculty of Pharmacy-Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Salwa E Gomaa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology-Faculty of Pharmacy-Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Khayat MT, Elbaramawi SS, Nazeih SI, Safo MK, Khafagy ES, Ali MAM, Abbas HA, Hegazy WAH, Seleem NM. Diminishing the Pathogenesis of the Food-Borne Pathogen Serratia marcescens by Low Doses of Sodium Citrate. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040504. [PMID: 37106705 PMCID: PMC10135860 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Protecting food from bacterial contamination is crucial for ensuring its safety and avoiding foodborne illness. Serratia marcescens is one of the food bacterial contaminants that can form biofilms and pigments that spoil the food product and could cause infections and illness to the consumer. Food preservation is essential to diminish such bacterial contaminants or at least reduce their pathogenesis; however, it should not affect food odor, taste, and consistency and must be safe. Sodium citrate is a well-known safe food additive and the current study aims to evaluate its anti-virulence and anti-biofilm activity at low concentrations against S. marcescens. The anti-virulence and antibiofilm activities of sodium citrate were evaluated phenotypically and genotypically. The results showed the significant effect of sodium citrate on decreasing the biofilm formation and other virulence factors, such as motility and the production of prodigiosin, protease, and hemolysins. This could be owed to its downregulating effect on the virulence-encoding genes. An in vivo investigation was conducted on mice and the histopathological examination of isolated tissues from the liver and kidney of mice confirmed the anti-virulence activity of sodium citrate. In addition, an in silico docking study was conducted to evaluate the sodium citrate binding ability to S. marcescens quorum sensing (QS) receptors that regulates its virulence. Sodium citrate showed a marked virtual ability to compete on QS proteins, which could explain sodium citrate’s anti-virulence effect. In conclusion, sodium citrate is a safe food additive and can be used at low concentrations to prevent contamination and biofilm formation by S. marcescens and other bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maan T. Khayat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.T.K.); (W.A.H.H.)
| | - Samar S. Elbaramawi
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa I. Nazeih
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Martin K. Safo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41552, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. M. Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Hisham A. Abbas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Wael A. H. Hegazy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oman College of Health Sciences, Muscat 113, Oman
- Correspondence: (M.T.K.); (W.A.H.H.)
| | - Noura M. Seleem
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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12
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Antimicrobial Resistance and Recent Alternatives to Antibiotics for the Control of Bacterial Pathogens with an Emphasis on Foodborne Pathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020274. [PMID: 36830185 PMCID: PMC9952301 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most important global public health problems. The imprudent use of antibiotics in humans and animals has resulted in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The dissemination of these strains and their resistant determinants could endanger antibiotic efficacy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify and develop novel strategies to combat antibiotic resistance. This review provides insights into the evolution and the mechanisms of AMR. Additionally, it discusses alternative approaches that might be used to control AMR, including probiotics, prebiotics, antimicrobial peptides, small molecules, organic acids, essential oils, bacteriophage, fecal transplants, and nanoparticles.
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13
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Chávez-Moctezuma MP, Martínez-Cámara R, Hernández-Salmerón J, Moreno-Hagelsieb G, Santoyo G, Valencia-Cantero E. Comparative genomic and functional analysis of Arthrobacter sp. UMCV2 reveals the presence of luxR-related genes inducible by the biocompound N, N-dimethylhexadecilamine. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1040932. [PMID: 36386619 PMCID: PMC9659744 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1040932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a bacterial cell-cell communication system with genetically regulated mechanisms dependent on cell density. Canonical QS systems in gram-negative bacteria possess an autoinducer synthase (LuxI family) and a transcriptional regulator (LuxR family) that respond to an autoinducer molecule. In Gram-positive bacteria, the LuxR transcriptional regulators "solo" (not associated with a LuxI homolog) may play key roles in intracellular communication. Arthrobacter sp. UMCV2 is an actinobacterium that promotes plant growth by emitting the volatile organic compound N, N-dimethylhexadecylamine (DMHDA). This compound induces iron deficiency, defense responses in plants, and swarming motility in Arthrobacter sp. UMCV2. In this study, the draft genome of this bacterium was assembled and compared with the genomes of type strains of the Arthrobacter genus, finding that it does not belong to any previously described species. Genome explorations also revealed the presence of 16 luxR-related genes, but no luxI homologs were discovered. Eleven of these sequences possess the LuxR characteristic DNA-binding domain with a helix-turn-helix motif and were designated as auto-inducer-related regulators (AirR). Four sequences possessed LuxR analogous domains and were designated as auto-inducer analogous regulators (AiaR). When swarming motility was induced with DMHDA, eight airR genes and two aiaR genes were upregulated. These results indicate that the expression of multiple luxR-related genes is induced in actinobacteria, such as Arthrobacter sp. UMCV2, by the action of the bacterial biocompound DMHDA when QS behavior is produced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramiro Martínez-Cámara
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | | | | | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Valencia-Cantero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
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14
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Mangal S, Chhibber S, Singh V, Harjai K. Guaiacol augments quorum quenching potential of Ciprofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:2235-2254. [PMID: 35984044 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study aims to investigate the antimicrobial as well as antivirulence potential and the principle mechanism of action of guaiacol against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS AND RESULTS Quorum sensing inhibition and membrane disruption studies were performed to check effect of guaiacol on the virulence of P. aeruginosa. Production of various virulence factors and biofilm formation were studied at sub-MIC concentration of guaiacol alone (1/8 MIC) and in combination with ciprofloxacin (1/2 FIC). Guaiacol exhibited synergistic interactions with ciprofloxacin and further reduced production of all virulence factors and biofilm formation. Using crystal violet (CV) assay and quantification of exopolysaccharide we observed weak biofilm formation, together with reduced motilities at sub MIC which was further visualized by confocal laser microscopy and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM).The antibacterial activity of guaiacol against P. aeruginosa upon 2×MIC exposure coincided with enhanced membrane permeability leading to disruption and release of cellular material as quantified by CV uptake assay and Sodium dodecyl suphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The results demonstrated that sub MICs of guaiacol in combination with ciprofloxacin can act as a potent alternate compound for attenuation of quorum sensing in P. aeruginosa. CONCLUSION Study reports that guaiacol in combination with ciprofloxacin at 1/2 FIC significantly compromised the bacterial growth and motilities alongside inducing quorum quenching potential. This was accompanied by inhibition of biofilm which subsequently decreased EPS production at sub MIC concentration. Furthermore, guaiacol in combination displayed a severe detrimental effect on bacterial membrane disruption, thereby enhancing cellular material release. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY For the first time, the potential of guaiacol in combination with ciprofloxacin in attenuation of virulence factors and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa were described. Results corroborate on how plant bioactive in synergism with antibiotics can act as alternate treatment regime to tackle the menace of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Mangal
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjay Chhibber
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vasundhara Singh
- Department of Applied Sciences, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Chandigarh, India
| | - Kusum Harjai
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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15
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Abo-Dya NE, Agha KA, Abbas HA, Abu-Kull ME, Alahmdi MI, Osman NA. Hybrid N-Acylcysteines as Dual-Acting Matrix Disruptive and Anti-Quorum Sensing Agents Fighting Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms: Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking Studies, and In Vitro Assays. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:19879-19891. [PMID: 35721927 PMCID: PMC9202021 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms facilitate the pathogenesis of life-threatening Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections by coating mucosal surfaces or invasive devices and offer protection from antimicrobial therapy and the host immune response, thus increasing mortality rates and financial burden. Herein, new hybrid N-acylcysteines (NAC) incorporating selected acyl groups from organic acids and their derivatives, which are capable of quenching pathogen quorum sensing (QS) systems, were designed and their antibiofilm activity and anti-QS were evaluated. N-acylcysteines (4a-h) were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR, and their purity was confirmed by elemental analyses. N-(4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoyl)-l-cysteine (4d) and N-(4-methoxybenzoyl)-l-cysteine (4h) showed a higher antibiofilm activity against PAO1 biofilms than the rest of the targets and the standard NAC. They showed 83 and 82% inhibition of biofilms at 5 mM and eradicated mature biofilms at 20 mM concentrations (NAC biofilm inhibition = 66% at 10 mM and minimum biofilm eradication concentration = 40 mM). This was confirmed via visualizing adherent biofilm cells on catheter pieces using scanning electron microscopy. In the same vein, both 4d and 4h showed the highest docking score with the QS signal receptor protein LasR (-7.8), which was much higher than that of NAC (-5) but less than the score of the natural agonist N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-l-homoserine (OdDHL) (-8.5). Target 4h (5 mM) decreased the expression of quorum sensing encoding genes in P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain by 53% for pslA, 47% for lasI and lasR, and 29% for filC, lowered PAO1 pyocyanin production by 76.43%, completely blocked the proteolytic activity of PAO1, and did not affect PAO1 cell viability. Targets 4d and 4h may find applications for the prevention and treatment of biofilm-mediated P. aeruginosa local infections of the skin, eye, and wounds. N-(4-Methoxybenzoyl)-l-cysteine 4h is a promising dual-acting matrix disruptive and anti-QS antibiofilm agent for further investigation and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader E. Abo-Dya
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- ,
| | - Khalid A. Agha
- Department
of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Hisham A. Abbas
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mansour E. Abu-Kull
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Issa Alahmdi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nermine A. Osman
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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16
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Knocking down Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence by oral hypoglycemic metformin nano emulsion. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:119. [PMID: 35644864 PMCID: PMC9148876 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03302-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Long-term antibiotic treatment results in the spread of multi-drug resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that complicates treatment. Anti-virulence agents can be viewed as alternative options that cripple virulence factors of the bacteria to facilitate their elimination by the host immunity. The use of nanoparticles in the inhibition of P. aeruginosa virulence factors is a promising strategy. This study aims to study the effect of metformin (MET), metformin nano emulsions (MET-NEs), silver metformin nano emulsions (Ag-MET-NEs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on P. aeruginosa virulence factors’ expression. The phenotypic results showed that MET-NEs had the highest virulence inhibitory activity. However, concerning RT-PCR results, all tested agents significantly decreased the expression of quorum sensing regulatory genes of P. aeruginosa; lasR, lasI, pqsA, fliC, exoS and pslA, with Ag-MET-NEs being the most potent one, however, it failed to protect mice from P. aeruginosa pathogenesis. MET-NEs showed the highest protective activity against pseudomonal infection in vivo. Our findings support the promising use of nano formulations particularly Ag-MET-NEs as an alternative against multidrug resistant pseudomonal infections via inhibition of virulence factors and quorum sensing gene expression.
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17
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Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anti-Swarming Properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Calyx Extracts: In Vitro and In Silico Modelling Approaches. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1252672. [PMID: 35646135 PMCID: PMC9142284 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1252672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical composition of dried Roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) using both ethanolic and aqueous extracts. We report the antimicrobial activities against a wide range of bacteria, yeast, and fungi. The antioxidant activities were tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, and 2–2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging assays. We report also for the first time the effect of the swarming motility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Our results showed that the tested two extracts were a rich source of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins with different degrees. Additionally, eleven phytoconstituents were identified by LC/MS technique (Hibiscus acid: 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-feruloylquinic acid, cyanidin 3-o-glucoside, myricetin, quercetin 7-o-rutinoside, quercetin 3-o-glucoside, delphinidin 3-o-sambubioside, and kaempferol 3-o-p-coumaroyl-glucoside). Also, it was shown that the calyx extract can scavenge 86% of the DPPH radical, while the rate of 53% and 23% of inhibition of the DPPH was obtained only at the concentration of 125 and 50 µg/mL, and a small inhibition was made at a concentration of 5 μg/mL. Roselle extracts inhibited the growth of the selected microorganisms at low concentrations, while higher concentrations are needed to completely kill them. However, no activity against CVB-3 was recorded for both extracts. In addition, the obtained extracts reduced the swarming motility of P. aeruginosa at 2.5 mg/ml. The docking simulation showed acceptable binding affinities (up to −9.6 kcal/mol) and interaction with key residues of 1JIJ, 2QZW, and 2UVO. The obtained results highlighted the potential use of Roselle extract as a source of phytoconstituents with promising antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-quorum sensing activities.
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18
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Sagar PK, Sharma P, Singh R. Inhibition of Quorum Sensing Regulated Virulence Factors and Biofilm Formation by Eucalyptus globulus against Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Pharmacopuncture 2022; 25:37-45. [PMID: 35371582 PMCID: PMC8947967 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2022.25.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The quorum-sensing–inhibitory and anti-biofilm activities of the methanol extract of E. globulus leaves were determined against clinically isolated multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods The preliminary anti-quorum–sensing (AQS) activity of eucalyptus was investigated against a biosensor strain Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472 (CV12472) by using the agar well diffusion method. The effect of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of the methanol extract of eucalyptus on different quorum-sensing–regulated virulence factors, such as swarming motility, pyocyanin pigment, exopolysaccharide (EPS), and biofilm formation, against clinical isolates (CIs 2, 3, and 4) and reference PA01 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were determined using the swarm diameter (mm)-measurement method, chloroform extraction method, phenol (5%)-sulphuric acid (concentrated) method, and the microtiter plate assay respectively, and the inhibition (%) in formation were calculated. Results The preliminary AQS activity (violacein pigment inhibition) of eucalyptus was confirmed against Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472 (CV12472). The eucalyptus extract also showed concentration-dependent inhibition (%) of swarming motility, pyocyanin pigment, EPS, and biofilm formation in different CIs and PA01 of P. aeruginosa. Conclusion Our results revealed the effectiveness of the E. globulus extract for the regulation of quorum-sensing–dependent virulence factors and biofilm formation at a reduced dose (sub-MICs) and suggest that E. globulus may be a therapeutic agent for curing and controlling bacterial infection and thereby reducing the possibility of resistance development in pathogenic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Sagar
- Department of Biotechnology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi (U.P.), India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University (A Central University), Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rambir Singh
- Department of Horticulture, Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Mizoram University (A Central University), Aizawl, Mizoram, India
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Recent Strategies to Combat Biofilms Using Antimicrobial Agents and Therapeutic Approaches. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11030292. [PMID: 35335616 PMCID: PMC8955104 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11030292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are intricate bacterial assemblages that attach to diverse surfaces using an extracellular polymeric substance that protects them from the host immune system and conventional antibiotics. Biofilms cause chronic infections that result in millions of deaths around the world every year. Since the antibiotic tolerance mechanism in biofilm is different than that of the planktonic cells due to its multicellular structure, the currently available antibiotics are inadequate to treat biofilm-associated infections which have led to an immense need to find newer treatment options. Over the years, various novel antibiofilm compounds able to fight biofilms have been discovered. In this review, we have focused on the recent and intensively researched therapeutic techniques and antibiofilm agents used for biofilm treatment and grouped them according to their type and mode of action. We also discuss some therapeutic approaches that have the potential for future advancement.
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Abstract
Microbes are hardly seen as planktonic species and are most commonly found as biofilm communities in cases of chronic infections. Biofilms are regarded as a biological condition, where a large group of microorganisms gets adhered to a biotic or abiotic surface. In this context, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative nosocomial pathogen is the main causative organism responsible for life-threatening and persistent infections in individuals affected with cystic fibrosis and other lung ailments. The bacteria can form a strong biofilm structure when it adheres to a surface suitable for the development of a biofilm matrix. These bacterial biofilms pose higher natural resistance to conventional antibiotic therapy due to their multiple tolerance mechanisms. This prevailing condition has led to an increasing rate of treatment failures associated with P. aeruginosa biofilm infections. A better understanding of the effect of a diverse group of antibiotics on established biofilms would be necessary to avoid inappropriate treatment strategies. Hence, the search for other alternative strategies as effective biofilm treatment options has become a growing area of research. The current review aims to give an overview of the mechanisms governing biofilm formation and the different strategies employed so far in the control of biofilm infections caused by P. aeruginosa. Moreover, this review can also help researchers to search for new antibiofilm agents to tackle the effect of biofilm infections that are currently imprudent to conventional antibiotics.
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21
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4-methoxybenzalacetone, the cinnamic acid analog as a potential quorum sensing inhibitor against Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:153. [PMID: 34398287 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03119-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The continuous increase in the incidence of infectious diseases and the rapid unchecked rise in multidrug-resistance to conventional antibiotics have led to the search for alternative strategies for treatment and clinical management of microbial infections. Since quorum sensing (QS) regulates numerous virulence determinants and pathogenicity in bacteria, inhibition of QS promises to be an attractive target for development of novel therapeutics. In this study, a series of cinnamic acid analogs and benzalacetone analogs were designed and synthesized, and their QS-inhibitory activities explored. We found that, among the test compounds, 4-methoxybenzalacetone (8) exhibited potent anti-quorum sensing property, as evidenced by inhibition of QS-controlled violacein production of Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC12472. The inhibitory activity of such a compound, which was the methyl keto analog of the corresponding cinnamic acid, was not only stronger than the parent cinnamic acid (1), but also superior to that of furanone, the reference drug. Based on our observations, its mechanism of quorum sensing inhibition is likely to be mediated by interference with N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHL) synthesis. Moreover, 4-methoxybenzalacetone (8) also suppressed the production of pyocyanin, rhamnolipids and swarming motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, suggesting a broad spectrum of anti-QS activities of this compound. In terms of structure-activity relationship, the possible chemical substitutions on the scaffold of cinnamic acid required for QS inhibitory activity are also discussed. Since 4-methoxybenzalacetone (8) showed no toxicity to both bacteria and mammalian cells, our findings therefore indicate the anti-QS potential of this compound as a novel effective QS inhibitor.
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22
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RAHAL ANU, KUMAR AMIT. Strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance in Indian scenario. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v91i2.113812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major public health crisis recognised globally. Microbial infections cause significant productivity losses in animals and humans. In livestock, these microbial infections reduce the growth rates and fertility, diminish production of meat and milk, and occasionally lead to mortality, and are therefore, a major concern for animal welfare. In the dearth of alternative prophylactic measures, antibiotics remain the principal tool for their management. Once an antibiotic is used rampantly, resistance against it is inevidently seen in the microbe population and the hunt for a new drug grows. Discovery and development of a new antimicrobial drug is a time taking and expensive procedure with limited assurance of success. As a result, the past few decades have witnessed only a very few new classes of antibiotics. If the AMR can be restricted or reverted, the success rate of antimicrobial therapy can be boosted and many public health issues be avoided. All these ask for a comprehensive plan to prevent or reduce the antimicrobial resistance and economic losses to the animal husbandry sector. The present review provides an overview of AMR in India, mechanism of its occurrence and the possible roadmap to combat the emerging threat of AMR in Indian scenario.
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Lahiri D, Nag M, Garai S, Ray RR. The Chemistry of Antibiofilm Phytocompounds. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:1034-1047. [PMID: 32767942 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200807135243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phytocompounds are long known for their therapeutic uses due to their competence as antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial activity of these bioactive compounds manifests their ability as an antibiofilm agent and is thereby proved to be competent to treat the widespread biofilm-associated chronic infections. The rapid development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria has made the treatment of these infections almost impossible by conventional antibiotic therapy, which forced a switch-over to the use of phytocompounds. The present overview deals with the classification of a huge array of phytocompounds according to their chemical nature, detection of their target pathogen, and elucidation of their mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyajit Lahiri
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Moupriya Nag
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Sayantani Garai
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Rina Rani Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, India
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Hegazy WAH, Khayat MT, Ibrahim TS, Youns M, Mosbah R, Soliman WE. Repurposing of antidiabetics as Serratia marcescens virulence inhibitors. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:627-638. [PMID: 33686563 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00465-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serratia marcescens becomes an apparent nosocomial pathogen and causes a variety of infections. S. marcescens possess various virulence factors that are regulated by intercellular communication system quorum sensing (QS). Targeting bacterial virulence is a proposed strategy to overcome bacterial resistance. Sitagliptin anti-QS activity has been demonstrated previously and we aimed in this study to investigate the effects of antidiabetic drugs vildagliptin and metformin compared to sitagliptin on S. marcescens pathogenesis. METHODS We assessed the effects of tested drugs in subinhibitory concentrations phenotypically on the virulence factors and genotypically on the virulence encoding genes' expressions. The protection of tested drugs on S. marcescens pathogenesis was performed in vivo. Molecular docking study has been conducted to evaluate the interference capabilities of tested drugs to the SmaR QS receptor. RESULTS Vildagliptin reduced the expression of virulence encoding genes but did not show in vitro or in vivo anti-virulence activities. Metformin reduced the expression of virulence encoding genes and inhibited bacterial virulence in vitro but did not show in vivo protection. Sitagliptin significantly inhibited virulence factors in vitro, reduced the expression of virulence factors and protected mice from S. marcescens. Docking study revealed that sitagliptin is more active than metformin and fully binds to SmaR receptor, whereas vildagliptin had single interaction to SmaR. CONCLUSION The downregulation of virulence genes was not enough to show anti-virulence activities. Hindering of QS receptors may play a crucial role in diminishing bacterial virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael A H Hegazy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Maan T Khayat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research & Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Youns
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha Mosbah
- Infection control Unit, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Wafaa E Soliman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, AL AHSA, 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, 35712, Egypt
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Bhatia S, Lal A, Singh S, Franco F. Potential of polyphenols in curbing quorum sensing and biofilm formation in Gram-negative pathogens. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.314044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
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Aleanizy FS, Alqahtani FY, Eltayb EK, Alrumikan N, Almebki R, Alhossan A, Almangour TA, AlQahtani H. Evaluating the effect of antibiotics sub-inhibitory dose on Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing dependent virulence and its phenotypes. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 28:550-559. [PMID: 33424338 PMCID: PMC7785434 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence controlled by quorum sensing (QS) also identified as, cell-cell communication. QS system is organized by the LasI-LasR and the RhlI-RhlR components. Provided that QS tends to perform a key role in virulence gene expression and host defence function, QS inhibitors have been proposed as potential antipseudomonal therapies. Sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of antibiotics, although having biostatic effect on bacteria, but can interfere with bacterial QS system and virulence. This research aimed to examine the impact of sub-MIC of azithromycin, imipenem, cefepime and piperacillin/tazobactam on the QS-dependent virulence including pyocyanin and biofilm production, haemolysin, protease and DNase in P. aeruginosa wildtype and mutant strains; transcriptional-regulator (ΔLasR), autoinducer synthesis protein (ΔLasI), transcriptional-regulator (ΔRhlR), protease precursor (ΔLasA) and double regulators mutants (ΔLasR/RhlR). The growth of all strains showed similar pattern, however, in presence of antibiotics significant growth variation was observed among mutant strains when compared to wild type strain. Antimicrobial activity tested by agar diffusion method of all antibiotics on all strains were used to compare the zones of therapeutic and sub-MIC doses showing a significant difference in the inhibition zone. QS-dependant virulence as biofilm, pyocyanin, protease, haemolysin and DNase production showed significant variation on all strains compared to wild type in response to antibiotics used at sub-MIC doses. In conclusion well known antibiotics can be used in sub-MIC doses to decrease the virulence of P. aeruginosa in addition to overcoming the major side effect of the high doses and the occurrence of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadilah Sfouq Aleanizy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452 Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fulwah Y Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452 Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esra Kamal Eltayb
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452 Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Alrumikan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452 Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Renad Almebki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452 Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alhossan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452 Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer A Almangour
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452 Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajar AlQahtani
- Department of Pharmacy Service, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard, Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Inhibition of Quorum Sensing, Motility and Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Copper Oxide Nanostructures. J CLUST SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-020-01916-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Repurposing Anti-diabetic Drugs to Cripple Quorum Sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091285. [PMID: 32842696 PMCID: PMC7569791 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant human pathogen, it possesses almost all of the known antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Quorum sensing (QS) is an intercellular communication system that orchestrates bacterial virulence and its targeting is an effective approach to diminish its pathogenesis. Repurposing of drugs is an advantageous strategy, in this study we aimed to repurpose the anti-diabetic drugs sitagliptin, metformin and vildagliptin as anti-QS in P. aeruginosa. The effects of sub-inhibitory concentrations of the tested drugs on the expression of QS-encoding genes and QS-regulated virulence factors were assessed. The protective activity of tested drugs on P. aeruginosa pathogenesis was evaluated in vivo on mice. In silico analysis was performed to evaluate the interference capabilities of the tested drugs on QS-receptors. Although the three drugs reduced the expression of QS-encoding genes, only sitagliptin inhibited the P. aeruginosa virulence in vitro and protected mice from it. In contrast, metformin showed significant in vitro anti-QS activities but failed to protect mice from P. aeruginosa. Vildagliptin did not show any in vitro or in vivo efficacy. Sitagliptin is a promising anti-QS agent because of its chemical nature that hindered QS-receptors. Moreover, it gives an insight to consider their similar chemical structures as anti-QS agents or even design new chemically similar anti-QS pharmacophores.
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Karthick Raja Namasivayam S, Angel J, Bharani RSA, Nachiyar CV. Terminalia chebula and Ficus racemosa principles mediated repression of novel drug target Las R - the transcriptional regulator and its controlled virulence factors produced by multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Biocompatible formulation against drug resistant bacteria. Microb Pathog 2020; 148:104412. [PMID: 32798672 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa- major group of an aerobic bacteria associated with nosocomial and other life threatening infections. Diverse virulence factors produced by P. aeruginosa is due to distinct molecular cell signaling mechanism termed as quorum sensing (QS). Interfering with normal QS mechanism by active biomolecules is an effective strategy for attenuating its virulence. With this objective, the present study is undertaken to evaluate the inhibition of quorum sensing of clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa by repression of Las R-a transcriptional regulator for QS by ethanol extract of Terminalia chebula and Ficus racemosa. Las R repression by the plant extracts was measured in inhibition of various virulence factors like biofilm, pyocyanin production, total proteolytic activity, swarming and twisting motility. Fabrication of the extracted metabolites on the wound dressing and its effect on anti bacterial activity was also investigated. Compatibility of plant extracts on zebra fish development and blood cells was further studied. P. aeruginosa was isolated from the post operative patient and the isolated pure culture was identified by cultural, biochemical, molecular characteristics. Active principles of both the plants were readily extracted in ethanol and effectively repressed the expression of Las R. Both the tested plant extracts effectively repressed Las R expression which in turn affect the production of various virulence factors like biofilm formation, pyocyanin production, swarming motility, twisting motility, total proteolytic activity, cell adhesion and signaling molecule acyl honoserine lactone (AHL) production. Plant extract treatment brought about drastic reduction of all the tested virulence factors and AHL production. Extracted metabolites were fabricated on the wound dressing material adopting simple dip or immersion method reveals uniform coating, effective embedding of phytochemicals with the fibers and retained the anti bacterial activity against P. aeruginosa. Biocompatibility studies with zebra fish model shows both the tested plant extracts treatment was not exhibited any sign of toxicity on the developmental stages of Zebra fish. Hemolysis and changes in anti oxidative enzymes were not recorded in the plant extracts treated blood which demonstrated the best biocompatibility of the tested plant extracts. These results shows that the presence of potential phytochemicals in the ethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula and Ficus racemosa effectively represses the Las R followed by inhibition of quorum sensing mediated virulence factors production may be useful in the lead of anti bacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karthick Raja Namasivayam
- Centre for Bioresource Research & Development (C-BIRD), Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jerry Angel
- Centre for Bioresource Research & Development (C-BIRD), Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R S Arvind Bharani
- Centre for Bioresource Research & Development (C-BIRD), Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Valli Nachiyar
- Centre for Bioresource Research & Development (C-BIRD), Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wijesooriya LI, Waidyathilake D. Antimicrobial Properties of Nonantibiotic Agents for Effective Treatment of Localized Wound Infections: A Minireview. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2020; 21:207-218. [PMID: 32746677 DOI: 10.1177/1534734620939748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Wounds present serious health problems in humans and animals. Importantly, if left untreated, wounds invariably lead to long-term morbidity. The inappropriate use and costs of antibiotics place significant challenges globally and affect the health budgets of many countries. Though some antibiotics are administered systemically, treatment of localized infections, in particular, chronic wound infections, does not need such therapy-this would minimize development of antibiotic resistance. Of these measures, nanoparticles of silver, ZnO, and gold seem to give promising results against common wound pathogens while having few limitations. Chemical components of essential oils, which are extracted from different plants, have been shown to act against common wound pathogens. Plant extracts have shown different mechanisms in biofilm elimination. Chlorhexidine and chlorine derivatives act as wound antiseptics. Attempts with biological agents such as maggots have also been shown to provide anti-infective as well as mechanical removal of wound debris. Honey, including those obtained from bees, has a wide coverage against wound pathogens. Glycerin and hypertonic saline are anti-infective through the concentration-dependent killing of pathogens. Hyperbaric oxygen acts against many wound pathogens, in particular anaerobes. This review is focused on nonantibiotic attempts for the cure of localized infections, in particular, chronic wounds with common wound pathogens.
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Effects of Natural Products on Bacterial Communication and Network-Quorum Sensing. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8638103. [PMID: 32596389 PMCID: PMC7273434 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8638103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) has emerged as a research hotspot in microbiology and medicine. QS is a regulatory cell communication system used by bacterial flora to signal to the external environment. QS influences bacterial growth, proliferation, biofilm formation, virulence factor production, antibiotic synthesis, and environmental adaptation. Through the QS system, natural products can regulate the growth of harmful bacteria and enhance the growth of beneficial bacteria, thereby improving human health. Herein, we review advances in the discovery of natural products that regulate bacterial QS systems.
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Pejčić M, Stojanović-Radić Z, Genčić M, Dimitrijević M, Radulović N. Anti-virulence potential of basil and sage essential oils: Inhibition of biofilm formation, motility and pyocyanin production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 141:111431. [PMID: 32417365 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The effects of basil (Ocimum basilicum) and sage (Salvia officinalis) essential oils on selected virulence factors (biofilm formation, mature biofilm resistance, motility, and pyocyanin production) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates were evaluated in the present study for the first time. The two essential oils were chemically characterized by GC and GC-MS analyses. Linalool and (E)-anethole were found to be the main components of the investigated basil oil, while α-thujone and camphor were the major constituents of the studied sage essential oil. The oils inhibited biofilm formation up to 99.9% vs control, and significant reductions (74.7-99.9%) were also noted when the oils were applied to mature biofilms. Likewise, swimming, swarming, and twitching motility patterns were highly affected by both oils. The basil and sage oils reduced pyocyanin production by 13.32-55.6% and 5.0-58.7%, respectively. Thus, basil and sage essential oils are potentially highly efficient antipseudomonal agents that could be used against both acute and chronic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Pejčić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, Niš, Serbia
| | - Zorica Stojanović-Radić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, Niš, Serbia.
| | - Marija Genčić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, Niš, Serbia
| | - Marina Dimitrijević
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, Niš, Serbia
| | - Niko Radulović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, Niš, Serbia
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Asif M, Imran M. Effect of Quorum Sensing Inhibitor Agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Mostafa I, Abbas HA, Ashour ML, Yasri A, El-Shazly AM, Wink M, Sobeh M. Polyphenols from Salix tetrasperma Impair Virulence and Inhibit Quorum Sensing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Molecules 2020; 25:E1341. [PMID: 32187997 PMCID: PMC7146421 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance represents one of the emerging obstacles in plants, animals, and humans that impairs treatment with antibacterial agents. Targeting of the bacterial quorum sensing system is one of the strategies to overcome this problem. Recently, research has been focused on natural and food components which can function as quorum sensing inhibitors. In this study, a methanol extract from Salix tetrasperma stem bark was phytochemically profiled by LC-MS analysis. This resulted in the identification of 38 secondary metabolites with (epi)catechin-(epi)catechin, epicatechin, tremulacin, salicortin, and trichocarposide as the major constituents. The extracts of both stem bark and the previously profiled flower of S. tetrasperma were tested for anti-quorum sensing activity in a common and widely distributed pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The natural products inhibited swimming and swarming motilities, as well as proteolytic and hemolytic activities in a dose-dependent manner. Molecular docking of the constituents from both extracts against the quorum sensing controlling systems Lasl/LasR, rhll/rhlR, and PQS/MvfR showed that epicatechin, (epi)catechin-(epi)catechin, p-hydroxy benzoyl galloyl glucose, p-hydroxy benzoyl protocatechuic acid glucose, and caffeoylmalic acid could be the main active components. This study supports the importance of secondary metabolites, especially polyphenols, as quorum sensing inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Hisham A Abbas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed L Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz Yasri
- AgroBioSciences Research Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660-Hay MoulayRachid, Ben-Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Assem M El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences Research Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660-Hay MoulayRachid, Ben-Guerir 43150, Morocco
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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James Bound D, Murthy PS, Negi P, Srinivas P. Evaluation of anti-quorum sensing and antimutagenic activity of 2,3-unsaturated and 2,3-dideoxyglucosides of terpene phenols and alcohols. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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El Sayed MT, El-Sayed AS. Biocidal Activity of Metal Nanoparticles Synthesized by Fusarium solani against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Mycotoxigenic Fungi. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:226-236. [PMID: 31474084 PMCID: PMC9728364 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1906.06070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance by pathogenic bacteria and fungi is one of the most serious global public health problems in the 21st century, directly affecting human health and lifestyle. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with strong resistance to the common antibiotics have been isolated from Intensive Care Unit patients at Zagazig Hospital. Thus, in this study we assessed the biocidal activity of nanoparticles of silver, copper and zinc synthesized by Fusarium solani KJ 623702 against these multidrug resistant-bacteria. The synthesized Metal Nano-particles (MNPs) were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Zeta potential. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) result showed the presence of different functional groups such as carboxyl, amino and thiol, ester and peptide bonds in addition to glycosidic bonds that might stabilize the dispersity of MNPs from aggregation. The antimicrobial potential of MNPs by F. solani against the multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa and S. aureus in addition to the mycotoxigenic Aspergillus awamori, A. fumigatus and F. oxysporum was investigated, based on the visual growth by diameter of inhibition zone. Among the synthesized MNPs, the spherical AgNPs (13.70 nm) displayed significant effect against P. aeruginosa (Zone of Inhibition 22.4 mm and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration 21.33 µg/ml), while ZINC oxide Nano-Particles were the most effective against F. oxysporum (ZOI, 18.5 mm and MIC 24.7 µg/ml). Transmission Electron Microscope micrographs of AgNP-treated P. aeruginosa showed cracks and pits in the cell wall, with internalization of NPs. Production of pyocyanin pigment was significantly inhibited by AgNPs in a concentration-dependent manner, and at 5-20 µg of AgNPs/ml, the pigment production was reduced by about 15-100%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal T. El Sayed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S.A. El-Sayed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt,Corresponding author Phone: +201024686495 Fax: +55-230-8213 E-mail:
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Curtailing Quorum Sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Sitagliptin. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:1051-1060. [PMID: 32020464 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-01909-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa coordinates the secretion of virulence factors through quorum sensing. Quorum sensing inhibitors can attenuate the pathogenesis of bacteria and help the immune system to eradicate them without targeting the bacterial growth. This study aimed to explore the anti-quorum sensing and anti-virulence activities of sitagliptin against P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain. Sub-inhibitory concentration of sitagliptin significantly inhibited the virulence factors pyocyanin, hemolysin, protease and elastase in addition to blocking swimming, swarming and twitching motilities and biofilm formation. In silico analysis showed that sitagliptin interacted with LasR receptors by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction, mainly with the amino acids leucine present at positions 40 and 125, tyrosine at position 56, serine at position 129, tryptophan at position 60, alanine at position 50 and phenyl alanine at position 101. qRT-PCR confirmed the anti-quorum sensing activity by reducing the expression level of QS genes lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR, pqsA and pqsR. In conclusion, sitagliptin is a novel anti-quorum sensing agent that can be used for treating P. aeruginosa infections.
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Badawy MSEM, Riad OKM, Taher FA, Zaki SA. Chitosan and chitosan-zinc oxide nanocomposite inhibit expression of LasI and RhlI genes and quorum sensing dependent virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:1109-1117. [PMID: 32032711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The great ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to cause chronic infection is attributed to several virulence factors, biofilm formation, intrinsic and acquired resistance to many antibiotics. Anti-quorum sensing (QS) and anti-virulence therapy are promising alternatives to the existing antibiotic therapy. In this study, the effect of chitosan and the prepared chitosan-zinc oxide (CH/ZnO) nanocomposite on QS-dependent virulence factors and acyl homoserine lactone "AHL" production was studied. The chemical structure of the prepared CH/ZnO nanocomposite was characterized by FT-IR spectrum and XRD. The thermal stability and particle size were determined. Chitosan causes a significant decrease in AHL, biofilm, pyocyanin production and motility of P. aeruginosa. CH/ZnO nanocomposite augments the inhibitory activity of chitosan in both phenotypic and genotypic levels. Both chitosan and CH/ZnO nanocomposite downregulate the expression of LasI and RhlI genes using quantitative real-time PCR. The expression of RhlI gene in PAO1 is reduced by 1240 folds after treatment with CH/ZnO nanocomposite. The expression of LasI and RhlI genes in clinical isolates is reduced by 1778.07 and 627.29 folds upon treatment with CH/ZnO. These promising results may find a rescue in the battle of fighting P. aeruginosa by repressing its QS-dependent virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Shaban E M Badawy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omnia Karem M Riad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - F A Taher
- Applied Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Al-Azhar Technology Incubator (ATI), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar A Zaki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Asif M, Imran M. Quorum Sensing Inhibition: Current Advances of the Natural Antimicrobial Agents. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162019060049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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40
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López Y, Soto SM. The Usefulness of Microalgae Compounds for Preventing Biofilm Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 9:antibiotics9010009. [PMID: 31878164 PMCID: PMC7168277 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms play an important role in infectious diseases. It has been estimated that most medical infections are due to bacterial biofilms, and about 60-70% of nosocomial infections are also caused by the formation of a biofilm. Historically, microalgae are an important source of bioactive compounds, having novel structures and potential biological functions that make them attractive for different industries such as food, animal feed, aquaculture, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical. Several studies have described compounds produced by microalgae and cyanobacteria species with antimicrobial activity. However, studies on the antibiofilm activity of extracts and/or molecules produced by these microorganisms are scarce. Quorum-sensing inhibitor and anti-adherent agents have, among others, been isolated from microalgae and cyanobacteria species. The use of tools such as nanotechnology increase their power of action and can be used for preventing and treating biofilm-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara M. Soto
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-932275707; Fax: +34-932279327
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Prateeksha, Bajpai R, Yusuf MA, Upreti DK, Gupta VK, Singh BN. Endolichenic fungus, Aspergillus quandricinctus of Usnea longissima inhibits quorum sensing and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Microb Pathog 2019; 140:103933. [PMID: 31862392 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Lichens are composite organisms, comprising of a fungus (mycobiont) and a blue-green alga (photobiont). Along with the mycobiont, numerous non-obligate microfungi live in lichen thalli. These microfungi are called endolichenic fungi (ELF). In recent years, the ELF are emerging as promising natural sources because of their capability to exert unique drug molecules. The current study aimed to isolate the ELF from the lichen, Usnea longissima Ach., to control of biofilm formation and quorum sensing phenomenon in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, an opportunistic multidrug resistance pathogen that uses quorum sensing network to produce an array of pathogenic agents. Therefore, inhibiting quorum sensing to manage the infection caused by PAO1 could be the paramount alternative approach to conventional antibiotics. The isolated ELF was identified by amplifying the long subunit region of the fungal genome. The extracted metabolites of ELF (MELE) using the acetone solvent was further investigated for anti-quorum sensing activity using the biomarker strain Chromobacterium violaceum 12472 which exerts violacein pigment via the AHL mediated quorum sensing signalling. Moreover, the effect of MELE was also evaluated on the production of virulence factors and biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa PAO1. The molecular identification revealed that ELF (accession number MN171299) exhibited 100% similarity with Aspergillus quandricinctus strain CBS 135.52. The MELE showed significant anti-quorum sensing activity at the concentration of 4 mg/mL without affecting the bacterial cell viability of P. aeruginosa PAO1. The MELE diminished the production of virulence factors, including pyocyanin, protease, elastase, rhamnolipids, and extracellular polysaccharides of P. aeruginosa PAO1 in a concentration-dependent manner. The MELE also disturbed biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa PAO1. The 3-D analysis of biofilm architecture showed that the thickness and surface area covered by microcolonies was decreased as the concentration of MELE was increased. The GC-MS analysis of MELE exhibited that organic acids and fatty acids are major constituents of the MELE. The present study reports first time that the ELF, A. quandricinctus possesses potential to inhibit quorum sensing and biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa and can be further exploited for hospital and healthcare facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateeksha
- Herbal Nanobiotechnology Lab, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajesh Bajpai
- Lichenology Lab, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Aslam Yusuf
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, 226016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dalip Kumar Upreti
- Lichenology Lab, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Brahma Nand Singh
- Herbal Nanobiotechnology Lab, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Gupta K, Daroch P, Harjai K, Chhibber S. Parallels among natural and synthetically modified quorum-quenching strategies as convoy to future therapy. Microbiology (Reading) 2019; 165:1265-1281. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kshitiz Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Priya Daroch
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kusum Harjai
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjay Chhibber
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Quorum Sensing by Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. Extract. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.3.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Taha MN, Saafan AE, Ahmedy A, El Gebaly E, Khairalla AS. Two novel synthetic peptides inhibit quorum sensing-dependent biofilm formation and some virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. J Microbiol 2019; 57:618-625. [PMID: 31054133 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-019-8548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) regulates virulence factor expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Inhibiting the QS-controlled virulence factors without inhibiting the growth of P. aeruginosa is a promising approach for overcoming the widespread resistance of P. aeruginosa. This study was proposed to investigate the effects of two novel synthetic peptides on the biofilm development and virulence factor production of P. aeruginosa. The tested strain was P. aeruginosa PAO1. The results indicated that both of the synthetic peptides (LIVRHK and LIVRRK) inhibited (P < 0.05) the formation of biofilms and the production of virulence factors, including pyocyanin, protease, and rhamnolipids, without inhibiting the growth of PAO1. Additionally, we detected transcriptional changes related to QS and found a significant reduction in the levels of gene expression of lasI, lasR, rhlI, and rhlR. This study demonstrates that LIVRRK and LIVRHK are novel synthetic peptides that can act as potent inhibitors of QS-regulated virulence factors in P. aeruginosa. Moreover, these synthetic peptides have potential applications in the treatment of biofilmrelated diseases. Both peptides may be able to control chronic infections and biofilm-associated problems of P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa N Taha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Amal E Saafan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - A Ahmedy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman El Gebaly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Khairalla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Rubini D, Banu SF, Subramani P, Hari BNV, Gowrishankar S, Pandian SK, Wilson A, Nithyanand P. Extracted chitosan disrupts quorum sensing mediated virulence factors in Urinary tract infection causing pathogens. Pathog Dis 2019; 77:5364546. [PMID: 30801640 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftz009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) plays an important role during the aetiology of urinary tract infection (UTI), as several virulence factors are under the regulation of QS. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens, the primary causative agents of UTI, employ acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) as signal molecules to coordinate various virulence factors. In this present study, chitosan extracted from the marine crab Portunus sanguinolentus was screened for its ability to inhibit the QS-signaling molecules of P. aeruginosa (PA01) and few clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and S. marcescens. The extracted chitosan on comparison with a commercial chitosan showed significant inhibition of several QS-dependent virulence factors in P. aeruginosa and S. marscenes. Furthermore, qPCR analysis was carried out to confirm the down-regulation of fimA, fimC and flhD genes involved in adhesion and pathogenesis of S. marcescens and lasI and rhlI genes that governs the P. aeruginosa quorum sensing system. Moreover, the chitosan when coated on a catheter was also able to disrupt the mature biofilms which was revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Collectively, the present study showcases the QS inhibitory property of extracted chitosan from crab shells which is being discarded as a recalcitrant biowaste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durairajan Rubini
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur 613401,Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanaulla Farisa Banu
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur 613401,Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prabha Subramani
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur 613401,Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Narayanan Vedha Hari
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmugaraj Gowrishankar
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi - 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Aruni Wilson
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, 11021 Campus Street, Loma Linda, California 92350, USA
| | - Paramasivam Nithyanand
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur 613401,Tamil Nadu, India
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Biosynthesis of pyocyanin pigment byPseudomonas aeruginosa. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Luís Â, Sousa S, Wackerlig J, Dobusch D, Duarte AP, Pereira L, Domingues F. Star anise (
Illicium verum
Hook. f.) essential oil: Antioxidant properties and antibacterial activity against
Acinetobacter baumannii. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ângelo Luís
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS‐UBI) Universidade da Beira Interior Av. Infante D. Henrique 6200‐506 Covilhã Portugal
| | - Sónia Sousa
- Materiais Fibrosos e Tecnologias Ambientais (FibEnTech) Universidade da Beira Interior Rua Marquês d’Ávila e Bolama 6201‐001 Covilhã Portugal
| | - Judith Wackerlig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of Vienna Althanstrasse 14 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Daniel Dobusch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of Vienna Althanstrasse 14 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS‐UBI) Universidade da Beira Interior Av. Infante D. Henrique 6200‐506 Covilhã Portugal
| | - Luísa Pereira
- Centro de Matemática e Aplicações (CMA‐UBI) Universidade da Beira Interior Rua Marquês d’Ávila e Bolama 6201‐001 Covilhã Portugal
| | - Fernanda Domingues
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS‐UBI) Universidade da Beira Interior Av. Infante D. Henrique 6200‐506 Covilhã Portugal
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Haque S, Yadav DK, Bisht SC, Yadav N, Singh V, Dubey KK, Jawed A, Wahid M, Dar SA. Quorum sensing pathways in Gram-positive and -negative bacteria: potential of their interruption in abating drug resistance. J Chemother 2019; 31:161-187. [DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2019.1599175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh K. Yadav
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shekhar C. Bisht
- Department of Biotechnology, H.N.B Garhwal University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neelam Yadav
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vineeta Singh
- Microbiology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kashyap Kumar Dubey
- Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Arshad Jawed
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Wahid
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajad Ahmad Dar
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Departments of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi), Delhi, India
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Al-Yousef HM, Sheikh IA. β-Sitosterol derived compound from onion husks non-polar fraction reduces quorum sensing controlled virulence and biofilm production. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:664-672. [PMID: 31297021 PMCID: PMC6598451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing is an important regulatory factor of P. aeruginosa virulence induction such as BF, motility, formations of proteases, pyocyanin, and some toxins. The aim of the current study is to detect the effect of the pet.ether extract from onion husk and compound drive from it on quorum sensing and virulence formations of P. aeruginosa. Quorum sensing inhibiting effect of the pet.ether extract of onion husk and a compound drive from it, was evaluated by C. violaceum reporter using dilution method as well as an antioxidant by using DPPH. The efficacious of: Quorum sensing inhibiting on pet.ether fraction and compound derived from it, were investigated for their activities toward biofilm and pyocyanin synthesis as well as motility from P. aeruginosa. The pet.ether fraction and compound derived from it of onion husk exhibited potent antimicrobial, antioxidant and Quorum sensing inhibiting effects. The pet.ether fraction and compound derived from it possesses significant reduction on pyocyanin and biofilm induction of P. aeruginosa. Moreover, they significantly inhibited swimming motilities of P. aeruginosa. For the first time, our study showed the medical importance of Allium cepa L. as antimicrobial, antioxidant as well as Quorum sensing inhibiting and virulence suppressors of P. aeruginosa. Thus, these might emphasized on Allium cepa L as a natural source for attenuating toxins of the Pseudomonas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan M Al-Yousef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishfaq Ahmad Sheikh
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Exploring Common Culinary Herbs and Spices as Potential Anti-Quorum Sensing Agents. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040739. [PMID: 30934945 PMCID: PMC6521156 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing controls bacterial pathogenesis and virulence; hence, interrupting this system renders pathogenic bacteria non-virulent, and presents a novel treatment for various bacterial infections. In the search for novel anti-quorum sensing (AQS) compounds, 14 common culinary herbs and spices were screened for potential antipathogenicity activity against Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472. Extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra (liquorice), Apium graveolens (celery), Capsicum annuum (cayenne pepper) and Syzygium anisatum (aniseed) demonstrated good AQS potential, yielding opaque halo zones ranging from 12–19 mm diameter at sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (0.350–4.00 mg/mL). For the same species, the percentage reduction in violacein production ranged from 56.4 to 97.3%. Zones with violacein inhibitory effects were evident in a celery extract analysed using high performance thin layer chromatography-bio-autography. The major active compound was isolated from celery using preparative-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as 3-n-butyl-4,5-dihydrophthalide (sedanenolide). Potent opaque zones of inhibition observed on the HPTLC-bio-autography plate seeded with C. violaceum confirmed that sedanenolide was probably largely responsible for the AQS activity of celery. The bacteriocidal properties of many herbs and spices are reported. This study, however, was focussed on AQS activity, and may serve as initial scientific validation for the anti-infective properties ascribed to several culinary herbs and spices.
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