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Ziyatdinova G, Gimadutdinova L. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Sensors for Sulfur-Containing Antioxidants. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1440. [PMID: 37512751 PMCID: PMC10384414 DOI: 10.3390/mi14071440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur-containing antioxidants are an important part of the antioxidant defense systems in living organisms under the frame of a thiol-disulfide equilibrium. Among them, l-cysteine, l-homocysteine, l-methionine, glutathione, and α-lipoic acid are the most typical representatives. Their actions in living systems are briefly discussed. Being electroactive, sulfur-containing antioxidants are interesting analytes to be determined using various types of electrochemical sensors. Attention is paid to the chemically modified electrodes with various nanostructured coverages. The analytical capabilities of electrochemical sensors for sulfur-containing antioxidant quantification are summarized and discussed. The data are summarized and presented on the basis of the electrode surface modifier applied, i.e., carbon nanomaterials, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructures, organic mediators, polymeric coverage, and mixed modifiers. The combination of various types of nanomaterials provides a wider linear dynamic range, lower limits of detection, and higher selectivity in comparison to bare electrodes and sensors based on the one type of surface modifier. The perspective of the combination of chromatography with electrochemical detection providing the possibility for simultaneous determination of sulfur-containing antioxidants in a complex matrix has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guzel Ziyatdinova
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Kazan Federal University, Kremleyevskaya, 18, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Liliya Gimadutdinova
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Kazan Federal University, Kremleyevskaya, 18, Kazan 420008, Russia
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2
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Zaimbashi R, Tajik S, Beitollahi H, Torkzadeh-Mahani M. Fabrication of a Novel and Ultrasensitive Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Gold Nanostructure for Detection of Homocysteine. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13020244. [PMID: 36832010 PMCID: PMC9953955 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The current attempt was made to detect the amino acid homocysteine (HMC) using an electrochemical aptasensor. A high-specificity HMC aptamer was used to fabricate an Au nanostructured/carbon paste electrode (Au-NS/CPE). HMC at high blood concentration (hyperhomocysteinemia) can be associated with endothelial cell damage leading to blood vessel inflammation, thereby possibly resulting in atherogenesis leading to ischemic damage. Our proposed protocol was to selectively immobilize the aptamer on the gate electrode with a high affinity to the HMC. The absence of a clear alteration in the current due to common interferants (methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys)) indicated the high specificity of the sensor. The aptasensor was successful in sensing HMC ranging between 0.1 and 30 μM, with a narrow limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.03 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Zaimbashi
- Environment Department, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman 7631818356, Iran
| | - Somayeh Tajik
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Hadi Beitollahi
- Environment Department, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman 7631818356, Iran
| | - Masoud Torkzadeh-Mahani
- Biotechnology Department, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman 7631818356, Iran
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3
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Silicone glue-based graphite ink incorporated on paper platform as an affordable approach to construct stable electrochemical sensors. Talanta 2022; 251:123812. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Asadpour F, Mazloum-Ardakani M. Electro-assisted self-assembly of mesoporous silica thin films: application to electrochemical sensing of glutathione in the presence of copper. J Solid State Electrochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-022-05234-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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5
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Moulaee K, Neri G. Electrochemical Amino Acid Sensing: A Review on Challenges and Achievements. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:502. [PMID: 34940259 PMCID: PMC8699811 DOI: 10.3390/bios11120502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The rapid growth of research in electrochemistry in the last decade has resulted in a significant advancement in exploiting electrochemical strategies for assessing biological substances. Among these, amino acids are of utmost interest due to their key role in human health. Indeed, an unbalanced amino acid level is the origin of several metabolic and genetic diseases, which has led to a great need for effective and reliable evaluation methods. This review is an effort to summarize and present both challenges and achievements in electrochemical amino acid sensing from the last decade (from 2010 onwards) to show where limitations and advantages stem from. In this review, we place special emphasis on five well-known electroactive amino acids, namely cysteine, tyrosine, tryptophan, methionine and histidine. The recent research and achievements in this area and significant performance metrics of the proposed electrochemical sensors, including the limit of detection, sensitivity, stability, linear dynamic range(s) and applicability in real sample analysis, are summarized and presented in separate sections. More than 400 recent scientific studies were included in this review to portray a rich set of ideas and exemplify the capabilities of the electrochemical strategies to detect these essential biomolecules at trace and even ultra-trace levels. Finally, we discuss, in the last section, the remaining issues and the opportunities to push the boundaries of our knowledge in amino acid electrochemistry even further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Moulaee
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.Da Di Dio, I-98166 Messina, Italy;
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Giovanni Neri
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.Da Di Dio, I-98166 Messina, Italy;
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6
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Cyclic Voltammetry in Biological Samples: A Systematic Review of Methods and Techniques Applicable to Clinical Settings. SIGNALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/signals2010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, but there is no accurate measurement of oxidative stress or antioxidants that has utility in the clinical setting. Cyclic Voltammetry is an electrochemical technique that has been widely used for analyzing redox status in industrial and research settings. It has also recently been applied to assess the antioxidant status of in vivo biological samples. This systematic review identified 38 studies that used cyclic voltammetry to determine the change in antioxidant status in humans and animals. It focusses on the methods for sample preparation, processing and storage, experimental setup and techniques used to identify the antioxidants responsible for the voltammetric peaks. The aim is to provide key information to those intending to use cyclic voltammetry to measure antioxidants in biological samples in a clinical setting.
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Song Z, Zhou Y, Han X, Qin J, Tang X. Recent advances in enzymeless-based electrochemical sensors to diagnose neurodegenerative diseases. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:1175-1188. [PMID: 33458727 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02745f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of sensitive electrochemical sensors to detect biomarkers is an effective method for the early diagnosis of several neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, etc. However, the commercialization of enzyme/aptamer-based sensors is still hampered owing to the historic drawbacks of biorecognition elements including high cost, poor stability, and complex integration technology. Non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors are more attractive compared to their traditional counterparts and can be widely harnessed owing to their low cost, high stability, sensitivity, and ease of miniaturization. This review summarizes recent research progress focusing on the construction of non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors and analyzes their present use in the early diagnosis of NDs. Additionally, this review addresses the limitations and challenges of the use of current non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor technologies for the diagnosis of NDs and highlights the possible directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Song
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Ying Zhou
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiao Han
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jieling Qin
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xiaoying Tang
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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Rajaram R, Kanagavalli P, Senthilkumar S, Mathiyarasu J. Au Nanoparticle-decorated Nanoporous PEDOT Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode: A New Electrochemical Sensing Platform for the Detection of Glutathione. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-020-0065-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Zhang Y, Yang M, Shao Z, Xu H, Chen Y, Yang Y, Xu W, Liao X. A paper-based fluorescent test for determination and visualization of cysteine and glutathione by using gold-silver nanoclusters. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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A sensitive signal-on electrochemiluminescence sensor based on a nanocomposite of polypyrrole-Gd2O3 for the determination of L-cysteine in biological fluids. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:398. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04372-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Cocoa powder and catechins as natural mediators to modify carbon-black based screen-printed electrodes. Application to free and total glutathione detection in blood. Talanta 2020; 207:120349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Sun L, Wang T, Sun Y, Li Z, Song H, Zhang B, Zhou G, Zhou H, Hu J. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer between NH2–NaYF4:Yb,Er/NaYF4@SiO2 upconversion nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles for the detection of glutathione and cadmium ions. Talanta 2020; 207:120294. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hanko M, Švorc Ľ, Planková A, Mikuš P. Overview and recent advances in electrochemical sensing of glutathione - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1062:1-27. [PMID: 30947984 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present paper is aimed at providing an overview of the recent advances in the electrochemical sensing of glutathione (GSH), an important electrochemically and biologically active molecule, for the period 2012-2018. Herein, the analytical performances of newly developed electrochemical methods, procedures and protocols for GSH sensing are comprehensively and critically discussed with respect to the type of method, electrodes used (new electrode modifications, advanced materials and formats), sample matrices, and basic validation parameters obtained (limit of detection, linear dynamic range, precision, selectivity/evaluation of interferences). This paper considers electrochemical methods used alone as well as the hyphenated methods with electrochemical detection (ECD), such as HPLC-ECD or CE-ECD. The practical applicability of the platforms developed for GSH detection and quantification is mostly focused on pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. The most significant electrochemical approaches for GSH detection in multicomponent analyte samples and multicomponent matrices and for real-time in vivo GSH analysis are highlighted. The great variability in the electrochemical techniques, electrode approaches, and obtainable performance parameters, discussed in this review, brought new insights not only on current GSH and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) determinations, but, along with this, on the advances in electrochemical analysis from a more general point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Hanko
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľubomír Švorc
- Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Alexandra Planková
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Mikuš
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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14
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Finšgar M, Majer D, Maver U, Maver T. Reusability of SPE and Sb-modified SPE Sensors for Trace Pb(II) Determination. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 18:E3976. [PMID: 30445794 PMCID: PMC6263962 DOI: 10.3390/s18113976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, unmodified screen-printed electrode (bare SPE) and Sb-film modified SPE (SbFSPE) sensors were employed for the analysis of trace amounts of Pb(II) in non-deaerated water solutions. The modified electrode was performed in situ in 0.5 mg/L Sb(III) and 0.01 M HCl. The methodology was validated for an accumulation potential of ⁻1.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl and an accumulation time of 60 s. A comparative analysis of bare SPE and SbFSPE showed that the detection and quantification limits decrease for the bare SPE. The method with the bare SPE showed a linear response in the 69.8⁻368.4 µg/L concentration range, whereas linearity for the SbFSPE was in the 24.0⁻319.1 µg/L concentration range. This work also reports the reason why the multiple standard addition method instead of a linear calibration curve for Pb(II) analysis should be employed. Furthermore, the analytical method employing SbFSPE was found to be more accurate and precise compared to the use of bare SPE when sensors were employed for the first time, however this performance changed significantly when these sensors were reused in the same manner. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used for the first time to analyse the electrochemical response of sensors after being used for multiple successive analyses. Surface characterisation before and after multiple successive uses of bare SPE and SbFSPE sensors, with atomic force microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy, showed sensor degradation. The interference effect of Cd(II), Zn(II), As(III), Fe(II), Na(I), K(I), Ca(II), Mg(II), NO₃⁻, Bi(III), Cu(II), Sn(II), and Hg(II) on the Pb(II) stripping signal was also studied. Finally, the application of SbFSPE was tested on a real water sample (from a local river), which showed high precision (RSD = 8.1%, n = 5) and accurate results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matjaž Finšgar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - David Majer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Uroš Maver
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Tina Maver
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
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15
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Rajaram R, Mathiyarasu J. An electrochemical sensor for homocysteine detection using gold nanoparticle incorporated reduced graphene oxide. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 170:109-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Electrochemical detection of methylated DNA on a microfluidic chip with nanoelectrokinetic pre-concentration. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 107:103-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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17
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Ngamchuea K, Chaisiwamongkhol K, Batchelor-McAuley C, Compton RG. Chemical analysis in saliva and the search for salivary biomarkers – a tutorial review. Analyst 2018; 143:81-99. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an01571b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A review of the uses of saliva biomarkers, detection methods and requirements for new biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonwad Ngamchuea
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Korbua Chaisiwamongkhol
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | | | - Richard G. Compton
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
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18
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Sundaram S, Kadir MRA. A New Highly Conducting Carbon Black (CL-08) Modified Electrode Functionalized with Syringic Acid for Sensitive and Selective L-Cysteine Electrocatalysis at Low Potential. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.12.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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19
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Recent advances in electrochemical detection of important sulfhydryl-containing compounds. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-016-1757-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Pedroza RHP, Serrano N, Díaz-Cruz JM, Ariño C, Esteban M. Integration of Commercial Screen-printed Electrodes into a Voltammetric Electronic Tongue for the Analysis of Aminothiols. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201501112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo H. P. Pedroza
- Biological Chemistry and Chemometrics; Institute of Chemistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; 59072-970 Natal-RN Brazil
| | - Núria Serrano
- Departament de Química Analítica; Facultat de Química; Universitat de Barcelona; Martí i Franquès 1-11 E-08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - José Manuel Díaz-Cruz
- Departament de Química Analítica; Facultat de Química; Universitat de Barcelona; Martí i Franquès 1-11 E-08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Cristina Ariño
- Departament de Química Analítica; Facultat de Química; Universitat de Barcelona; Martí i Franquès 1-11 E-08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Miquel Esteban
- Departament de Química Analítica; Facultat de Química; Universitat de Barcelona; Martí i Franquès 1-11 E-08028 Barcelona Spain
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Areias MCC, Shimizu K, Compton RG. Voltammetric detection of glutathione: an adsorptive stripping voltammetry approach. Analyst 2016; 141:2904-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an00550k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High sensitive detection of glutathione in presence of copper(ii) ions by cyclic voltammetry using a bare glassy carbon electrode is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena C. C. Areias
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
- Brazil - CEP 50.740-560
| | - Kenichi Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- Oxford University
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Richard G. Compton
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- Oxford University
- Oxford
- UK
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22
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Nur Topkaya S, Ozkan-Ariksoysal D. Prostate Cancer Biomarker Detection with Carbon Nanotubes Modified Screen Printed Electrodes. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201501003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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23
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24
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Salehzadeh H, Nematollahi D, Alizadeh S. Electrografting of 4-tert-Butylcatechol on GC Electrode. Selective Electrochemical Determination of Homocysteine. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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25
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Lee PT, Compton RG. Precursor Modified Electrodes: Electrochemical Detection of Captopril. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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26
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A rapid, sensitive and selective electrochemical biosensor with concanavalin A for the preemptive detection of norovirus. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 64:338-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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27
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LEE PT, COMPTON RG. Selective Thiol Detection in Authentic Biological Samples with the Use of Screen-printed Electrodes. ANAL SCI 2015; 31:685-91. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.31.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia T. LEE
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University
| | - Richard G. COMPTON
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University
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28
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Lee PT, Thomson JE, Karina A, Salter C, Johnston C, Davies SG, Compton RG. Selective electrochemical determination of cysteine with a cyclotricatechylene modified carbon electrode. Analyst 2015; 140:236-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an01835d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the selective electrochemical detection of cysteine in the presence of homocysteine and glutathione with the use of an electrode modified with cyclotricatechylene (CTC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia T. Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - James E. Thomson
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Athanasia Karina
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Chris Salter
- Department of Materials
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | | | - Stephen G. Davies
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Richard G. Compton
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
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