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Buck O, Found T, Weldon R, Lim LW, Aquili L. Dietary tyrosine consumption modulates the effects of tDCS, but not tRNS, on planning behaviour. Brain Stimul 2024:S1935-861X(24)00072-X. [PMID: 38648971 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Buck
- College of Health and Education, School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Tenielle Found
- College of Health and Education, School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Rachel Weldon
- College of Health and Education, School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Lee Wei Lim
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Luca Aquili
- College of Health and Education, School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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2
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Wilks LR, Joshi G, Rychener N, Gill HS. Generation of Broad Protection against Influenza with Di- Tyrosine-Cross-Linked M2e Nanoclusters. ACS Infect Dis 2024. [PMID: 38623820 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Tyrosine cross-linking has recently been used to produce nanoclusters (NCs) from peptides to enhance their immunogenicity. In this study, NCs were generated using the ectodomain of the ion channel Matrix 2 (M2e) protein, a conserved influenza surface antigen. The NCs were administered via intranasal (IN) or intramuscular (IM) routes in a mouse model in a prime-boost regimen in the presence of the adjuvant CpG. After boost, a significant increase in anti-M2e IgG and its subtypes was observed in the serum and lungs of mice vaccinated through the IM and IN routes; however, significant enhancement in anti-M2e IgA in lungs was observed only in the IN group. Analysis of cytokine concentrations in stimulated splenocyte cultures indicated a Th1/Th17-biased response. Mice were challenged with a lethal dose of A/California/07/2009 (H1N1pdm), A/Puerto Rico/08/1934 (H1N1), or A/Hong Kong/08/1968 (H3N2) strains. Mice that received M2e NCs + CpG were significantly protected against these strains and showed decreased lung viral titers compared with the naive mice and M2e NC-alone groups. The IN-vaccinated group showed superior protection against the H3N2 strain as compared to the IM group. This research extends our earlier efforts involving the tyrosine-based cross-linking method and highlights the potential of this technology in enhancing the immunogenicity of short peptide immunogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan R Wilks
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Eighth Street and Canton Avenue, Mail Stop 3121, Lubbock, Texas 79409-3121, United States
| | - Gaurav Joshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Eighth Street and Canton Avenue, Mail Stop 3121, Lubbock, Texas 79409-3121, United States
| | - Natalie Rychener
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Eighth Street and Canton Avenue, Mail Stop 3121, Lubbock, Texas 79409-3121, United States
| | - Harvinder Singh Gill
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Eighth Street and Canton Avenue, Mail Stop 3121, Lubbock, Texas 79409-3121, United States
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3
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Gagliani F, Di Giulio T, Grecchi S, Benincori T, Arnaboldi S, Malitesta C, Mazzotta E. Green Synthesis of a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Based on a Novel Thiophene-Derivative for Electrochemical Sensing. Molecules 2024; 29:1632. [PMID: 38611911 PMCID: PMC11013891 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
An environmentally friendly and sustainable approach was adopted to produce a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) via electropolymerization, with remarkable electrochemical sensing properties, tested in tyrosine (tyr) detection. The 2,2'-bis(2,2'-bithiophene-5-yl)-3,3'-bithianaphtene (BT2-T4) was chosen as functional monomer and MIP electrosynthesis was carried out via cyclic voltammetry on low-volume (20 μL) screen-printed carbon electrodes (C-SPE) in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ((BMIM) TFSI). An easy and rapid washing treatment allowed us to obtain the resulting MIP film, directly used for tyr electrochemical detection, carried out amperometrically. The sensor showed a linear response in the concentration range of 15-200 μM, with LOD of 1.04 µM, LOQ of 3.17 μM and good performance in selectivity, stability, and reproducibility. Tyrosine amperometric detection was also carried out in human plasma, resulting in a satisfactory recovery estimation. The work represents the first use of BT2-T4 as a functional monomer for the production of a molecularly imprinted polymer, with a green approach afforded by using a few microliters of a room temperature ionic liquid as an alternative to common organic solvents on screen-printed carbon electrodes, resulting in a valuable system that meets the green chemistry guidelines, which is today an essential criterion in both research and application field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Gagliani
- Laboratorio di Chimica Analitica, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Tiziano Di Giulio
- Laboratorio di Chimica Analitica, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Sara Grecchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.G.)
| | - Tiziana Benincori
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Serena Arnaboldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.G.)
| | - Cosimino Malitesta
- Laboratorio di Chimica Analitica, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Mazzotta
- Laboratorio di Chimica Analitica, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.G.); (C.M.)
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4
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Duh TH, Liang YC, Shen PT, Ke YW, Nian YT, Liang SS. Quantification of derivatized phenylalanine and tyrosine in dried blood spots using liquid chromatography with tandem spectrometry for newborn screening of phenylketonuria. Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester) 2024; 30:133-140. [PMID: 38321764 DOI: 10.1177/14690667241229626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal genetic disorder caused by a deficiency of the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) enzyme. The lack of PAH results in the inability of phenylalanine (PHE) to transform into tyrosine (TYR). Consequently, this leads to the accumulation of PHE in the blood samples of newborns causing metabolic diseases such as irreversible neurological problems. An analysis was required for determining the values of PHE and TYR in blood samples from newborn babies. In this study, therefore, we developed a derivatized method to monitor PHE and TYR in plasma samples using liquid phase chromatography linked with quadrupole mass spectrometry. Accessible formaldehyde isotopes and cyanoborohydride were used to react with PHE and TYR amino groups to generate h2-formaldehyde-modified PHE and TYR (as standards) and d2-formaldehyde-modified PHE and TYR (as internal standards). We used tandem mass spectrometry for multiple reaction monitoring. We demonstrated a derivatized method suitable for the PKU screening of newborns. The recoveries for PHE and TYR were 85% and 90%, respectively. Furthermore, we compared the values of PHE and TYR in different human plasma sample storage methods, including direct plasma and dried blood spots, and the results showed no significant difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Hui Duh
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Liang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po Tsun Shen
- Protein Chemistry Core Laboratory, Core Instrument Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Ke
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Tian Nian
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Shin Liang
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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5
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Garbiec A, Karpiński M, Wojtaś J, Czyżowski P. The Relationship Between the Motor Lateralization and the Concentration of Cortisol and Tyrosine in Dogs Exposed to Stress During Veterinary Activities. J APPL ANIM WELF SCI 2024; 27:294-303. [PMID: 35634900 DOI: 10.1080/10888705.2022.2082249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the motor lateralization in dogs and the concentration of cortisol and tyrosine in their plasma during a visit to a veterinary clinic. The research group consisted of 56 dogs. Motor lateralization was tested by of an adhesive tape test. The stress intensity was assessed basing on the levels of cortisol and ft4 in the serum blood. The statistical analysis revealed that in the group of 56 dogs there were 14 left-pawed dogs, 36 right-pawed dogs, and 6 dogs did not show particular paw preference. The average cortisol levels in particular groups were as follows: 7.94 ug/dl, 3.92 ug/dl and 3.7 ug/dl, whereas the level of tyrosine in the subjects that demonstrated left-sided lateralization (mean ± SE) (1.95 ± 0.46 ng/dl) for those with right-side lateralization (1.56 ± 0.23 ng/dl) and ambilateral dogs (1.01 ± 0.22 ng/dl). The statistical calculation of Pearson's χ2 showed a significant relationship between the sex and the lateralization (χ2 = 6.238, df = 2, p = 0.0442).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Garbiec
- Department of Animal Ethology and Wildlife Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mirosław Karpiński
- Department of Animal Ethology and Wildlife Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Wojtaś
- Department of Animal Ethology and Wildlife Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Czyżowski
- Department of Animal Ethology and Wildlife Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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6
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Behringer KI, Kapeluch J, Fischer A, Hellwig M. Metabolization of Free Oxidized Aromatic Amino Acids by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:5766-5776. [PMID: 38447044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The aromatic amino acids tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine are targets for oxidation during food processing. We investigated whether S. cerevisiae can use nonproteinogenic aromatic amino acids as substrates for degradation via the Ehrlich pathway. The metabolic fate of seven amino acids (p-, o-, m-tyrosine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), 3-nitrotyrosine, 3-chlorotyrosine, and dityrosine) in the presence of S. cerevisiae was assessed. All investigated amino acids except dityrosine were metabolized by yeast. The amino acids 3-nitrotyrosine and o-tyrosine were removed from the medium as fast as p-tyrosine, and m-tyrosine, 3-chlorotyrosine, and DOPA more slowly. In summary, 11 metabolites were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). DOPA, 3-nitrotyrosine, and p-tyrosine were metabolized predominantly to the Ehrlich alcohols, whereas o-tyrosine and m-tyrosine were metabolized predominantly to α-hydroxy acids. Our results indicate that nonproteinogenic aromatic amino acids can be taken up and transaminated by S. cerevisiae quite effectively but that decarboxylation and reduction to Ehrlich alcohols as the final metabolites is hampered by hydroxyl groups in the o- or m-positions of the phenyl ring. The data on amino acid metabolism were substantiated by the analysis of five commercial beer samples, which revealed the presence of hydroxytyrosol (ca. 0.01-0.1 mg/L) in beer for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Ina Behringer
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstraße 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Julia Kapeluch
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstraße 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Annik Fischer
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstraße 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Hellwig
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstraße 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Chair of Special Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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7
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Shebl N, El-Jaafary S, Saeed AA, Elkafrawy P, El-Sayed A, Shamma S, Elnemr R, Mekky J, Mohamed LA, Kittaneh O, El-Fawal H, Rizig M, Salama M. Metabolomic profiling reveals altered phenylalanine metabolism in Parkinson's disease in an Egyptian cohort. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1341950. [PMID: 38516193 PMCID: PMC10955577 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1341950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common motor neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Given the complexity of PD etiology and the different metabolic derangements correlated to the disease, metabolomics profiling of patients is a helpful tool to identify patho-mechanistic pathways for the disease development. Dopamine metabolism has been the target of several previous studies, of which some have reported lower phenylalanine and tyrosine levels in PD patients compared to controls. Methods: In this study, we have collected plasma from 27 PD patients, 18 reference controls, and 8 high-risk controls to perform a metabolomic study using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Results: Our findings revealed higher intensities of trans-cinnamate, a phenylalanine metabolite, in patients compared to reference controls. Thus, we hypothesize that phenylalanine metabolism has been shifted to produce trans-cinnamate via L-phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), instead of producing tyrosine, a dopamine precursor, via phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH). Discussion: Given that these metabolites are precursors to several other metabolic pathways, the intensities of many metabolites such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, which connects phenylalanine metabolism to that of tryptophan, have been altered. Consequently, and in respect to Metabolic Control Analysis (MCA) theory, the levels of tryptophan metabolites have also been altered. Some of these metabolites are tryptamine, melatonin, and nicotinamide. Thus, we assume that these alterations could contribute to the dopaminergic, adrenergic, and serotonergic neurodegeneration that happen in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Shebl
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa El-Jaafary
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ayman A Saeed
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Passent Elkafrawy
- Technology and Energy Research Center, Effat University-College of Engineering-NSMTU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr El-Sayed
- Social Research Center, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samir Shamma
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha Elnemr
- Climate Change Information Center & Expert Systems (CCICES), Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jaidaa Mekky
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Mohamed
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Omar Kittaneh
- Technology and Energy Research Center, Effat University-College of Engineering-NSMTU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan El-Fawal
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mie Rizig
- Queen Square, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Salama
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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8
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Snyman M, Walsdorf RE, Wix SN, Gill JG. The metabolism of melanin synthesis-From melanocytes to melanoma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2024. [PMID: 38445351 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Melanin synthesis involves the successful coordination of metabolic pathways across multiple intracellular compartments including the melanosome, mitochondria, ER/Golgi, and cytoplasm. While pigment production offers a communal protection from UV damage, the process also requires anabolic and redox demands that must be carefully managed by melanocytes. In this report we provide an updated review on melanin metabolism, including recent data leveraging new techniques, and technologies in the field of metabolism. We also discuss the many aspects of melanin synthesis that intersect with metabolic pathways known to impact melanoma phenotypes and behavior. By reviewing the metabolism of melanin synthesis, we hope to highlight outstanding questions and opportunities for future research that could improve patient outcomes in pigmentary and oncologic disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marelize Snyman
- Dermatology Department, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Sophia Nicole Wix
- Dermatology Department, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer Gibson Gill
- Dermatology Department, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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9
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Zeng W, Xue J, Geng H, Liu X, Yang J, Shen W, Yuan Y, Qiang Y, Zhu Q. Research progress on chemical modifications of tyrosine residues in peptides and proteins. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:799-822. [PMID: 38079153 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The chemical modifications (CMs) of protein is an important technique in chemical biology, protein-based therapy, and material science. In recent years, there has been rapid advances in the development of CMs of peptides and proteins, providing new approaches for peptide and protein functionalization, as well as drug discovery. In this review, we highlight the methods for chemically modifying tyrosine (Tyr) residues in different regions, offering a comprehensive exposition of the research content related to Tyr modification. This review summarizes and provides an outlook on Tyr residue modification, aiming to offer readers assistance in the site-selective modification of macromolecules and to facilitate application research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zeng
- Department of Biotechnology and the Quality Management, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianyuan Xue
- Department of Biotechnology and the Quality Management, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoxing Geng
- Department of Biotechnology and the Quality Management, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Biotechnology and the Quality Management, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Biotechnology and the Quality Management, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical Industry Co. Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Yuqing Yuan
- Department of Biotechnology and the Quality Management, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Qiang
- Department of Biotechnology and the Quality Management, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Department of Biotechnology and the Quality Management, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Lee G, Adhikari S, Lee S, Lee JY, Na YC, Lee W, Bang E. Chiral recognition and discrimination studies of tyrosine enantiomers on (-)-18-crown-6-tetracarboxylic acid as a chiral selector by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and docking simulations. Chirality 2024; 36:e23656. [PMID: 38408846 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Considering the substantial significance of chiral biomolecules, such as amino acids, in our daily routines, we performed chiral recognition and discrimination of tyrosine (Tyr) enantiomers on (-)-(18-crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid [(-)-18-C-6-TA] as crown-ether type chiral selector (CS) by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and docking simulations. In this study, successful discrimination of the enantiomers of Tyr was achieved, as evidenced by the proton chemical shift differences (ΔΔδ) of Tyr enantiomers observed in the 1 H NMR spectra with (-)-18-C-6-TA CS. We compared the results of these two techniques with the findings obtained from high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) investigations. In both NMR and HPLC experimental and docking simulation studies, a stronger interaction between the L-Tyr enantiomer with (-)-18-C-6-TA CS than the D-Tyr was consistently observed. Also, the binding energy differences (ΔΔEL-D ) found in simulation data that correspond to enantioselectivity aligned well with the NMR experimental result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaeun Lee
- Metropolitan Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suraj Adhikari
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sunho Lee
- Metropolitan Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Yeon Lee
- Metropolitan Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun-Cheol Na
- Metropolitan Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonjae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Eunjung Bang
- Metropolitan Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, South Korea
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11
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Flechas Becerra C, Barrios Silva LV, Ahmed E, Bear JC, Feng Z, Chau DY, Parker SG, Halligan S, Lythgoe MF, Stuckey DJ, Patrick PS. X-Ray Visible Protein Scaffolds by Bulk Iodination. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2306246. [PMID: 38145968 PMCID: PMC10933627 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Protein-based biomaterial use is expanding within medicine, together with the demand to visualize their placement and behavior in vivo. However, current medical imaging techniques struggle to differentiate between protein-based implants and surrounding tissue. Here a fast, simple, and translational solution for tracking transplanted protein-based scaffolds is presented using X-ray CT-facilitating long-term, non-invasive, and high-resolution imaging. X-ray visible scaffolds are engineered by selectively iodinating tyrosine residues under mild conditions using readily available reagents. To illustrate translatability, a clinically approved hernia repair mesh (based on decellularized porcine dermis) is labeled, preserving morphological and mechanical properties. In a mouse model of mesh implantation, implants retain marked X-ray contrast up to 3 months, together with an unchanged degradation rate and inflammatory response. The technique's compatibility is demonstrated with a range of therapeutically relevant protein formats including bovine, porcine, and jellyfish collagen, as well as silk sutures, enabling a wide range of surgical and regenerative medicine uses. This solution tackles the challenge of visualizing implanted protein-based biomaterials, which conventional imaging methods fail to differentiate from endogenous tissue. This will address previously unanswered questions regarding the accuracy of implantation, degradation rate, migration, and structural integrity, thereby accelerating optimization and safe translation of therapeutic biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Flechas Becerra
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingDivision of MedicineUniversity College LondonPaul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley StreetLondonWC1E 6DDUK
| | - Lady V. Barrios Silva
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue EngineeringEastman Dental InstituteUniversity College LondonRoyal Free HospitalRowland Hill StreetLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Ebtehal Ahmed
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingDivision of MedicineUniversity College LondonPaul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley StreetLondonWC1E 6DDUK
| | - Joseph C. Bear
- School of Life SciencePharmacy & ChemistryKingston UniversityPenrhyn RoadKingston upon ThamesKT1 2EEUK
| | - Zhiping Feng
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingDivision of MedicineUniversity College LondonPaul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley StreetLondonWC1E 6DDUK
| | - David Y.S. Chau
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue EngineeringEastman Dental InstituteUniversity College LondonRoyal Free HospitalRowland Hill StreetLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Samuel G. Parker
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of MedicineUniversity College London UCLCharles Bell House, 43–45 Foley StreetLondonW1W 7TSUK
| | - Steve Halligan
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of MedicineUniversity College London UCLCharles Bell House, 43–45 Foley StreetLondonW1W 7TSUK
| | - Mark F. Lythgoe
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingDivision of MedicineUniversity College LondonPaul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley StreetLondonWC1E 6DDUK
| | - Daniel J. Stuckey
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingDivision of MedicineUniversity College LondonPaul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley StreetLondonWC1E 6DDUK
| | - P. Stephen Patrick
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingDivision of MedicineUniversity College LondonPaul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley StreetLondonWC1E 6DDUK
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12
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González-Lamuño D, Morencos C, Arrieta FJ, Venegas E, Vicente-Rodríguez G, Casajús JA, Couce ML, Aldámiz-Echevarría L. Supplementation for Performance and Health in Patients with Phenylketonuria: An Exercise-Based Approach to Improving Dietary Adherence. Nutrients 2024; 16:639. [PMID: 38474766 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Supplementation is crucial for improving performance and health in phenylketonuria (PKU) patients, who face dietary challenges. Proteins are vital for athletes, supporting muscle growth, minimizing catabolism, and aiding muscle repair and glycogen replenishment post-exercise. However, PKU individuals must limit phenylalanine (Phe) intake, requiring supplementation with Phe-free amino acids or glycomacropeptides. Tailored to meet nutritional needs, these substitutes lack Phe but fulfill protein requirements. Due to limited supplement availability, athletes with PKU may need higher protein intake. Various factors affect tolerated Phe levels, including supplement quantity and age. Adhering to supplement regimens optimizes performance and addresses PKU challenges. Strategically-timed protein substitutes can safely enhance muscle synthesis and sports performance. Individualized intake is essential for optimal outcomes, recognizing proteins' multifaceted role. Here, we explore protein substitute supplementation in PKU patients within the context of physical activity, considering limited evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domingo González-Lamuño
- University Hospital "Marqués de Valdecilla", Universidad de Cantabria and Research Institute Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain
- Exercise and Health in Special Population Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Asociación Española para el Estudio de los Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo (AECOM)-AECOM&Sociedad, 28221 Majadahonda, Spain
| | | | - Francisco J Arrieta
- Asociación Española para el Estudio de los Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo (AECOM)-AECOM&Sociedad, 28221 Majadahonda, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Venegas
- Asociación Española para el Estudio de los Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo (AECOM)-AECOM&Sociedad, 28221 Majadahonda, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Germán Vicente-Rodríguez
- Exercise and Health in Special Population Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- EXER-GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, FCSD, Ronda Misericordia 5, 22001 Huesca, Spain
| | - José Antonio Casajús
- Exercise and Health in Special Population Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- EXER-GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, FCSD, Ronda Misericordia 5, 22001 Huesca, Spain
| | - Maria Luz Couce
- Asociación Española para el Estudio de los Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo (AECOM)-AECOM&Sociedad, 28221 Majadahonda, Spain
- Unit for Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic Disorders, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luís Aldámiz-Echevarría
- Asociación Española para el Estudio de los Errores Congénitos del Metabolismo (AECOM)-AECOM&Sociedad, 28221 Majadahonda, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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13
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Cai Y, Deng Z, Yang Q, Pan G, Liang Z, Yang X, Song J, Xiao X, Li S. Metabolomics profiling reveals low blood tyrosine levels as a metabolic feature of newborns from systemic lupus erythematosus pregnancies. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1335042. [PMID: 38357540 PMCID: PMC10864668 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1335042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pregnancy outcomes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have improved over the past four decades, leading to an increased desire for pregnancy among this cohort. However, the offspring of patients with SLE still face the risks of preterm birth, low birth weight, learning disabilities, and neurological disorders, while the causes underlying these risks remain unclear. Methods In this study, we analyzed the blood metabolic features of neonates born to 30 SLE patients and 52 healthy control mothers by employing tandem mass spectrometry with the dual aims of identifying the etiology of metabolic features specific to infants born from mothers with SLE and providing new insights into the clinical management of such infants. Results We found significant differences in serum metabolite levels between infants born from mothers with SLE and those born from mothers without SLE, including 15 metabolites with reduced serum levels. Further analysis revealed a disrupted tyrosine metabolism pathway in the offspring of mothers with SLE. Discussion By constructing a composite model incorporating various factors, such as serum tyrosine levels, gestational age, and birth weight, we were able to accurately differentiate between newborns of SLE and non-SLE pregnancies. Our data reveal significant differences in serum concentrations of amino acids and acylcarnitines in newborns born to mothers with SLE. We conclude that the reduction of blood L-tyrosine levels is a feature that is characteristic of adverse neurological outcomes in infants born from mothers with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhirong Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuping Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guixian Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zao Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ximei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sitao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Gibbs CA, Ghazi N, Tao J, Warren JJ. An Investigation of the Influence of Tyrosine Local Interactions on Electron Hopping in a Model Protein. Molecules 2024; 29:350. [PMID: 38257263 PMCID: PMC10818705 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Multi-step electron transfer reactions are important to the function of many cellular systems. The ways in which such systems have evolved to direct electrons along specific pathways are largely understood, but less so are the ways in which the reduction-oxidation potentials of individual redox sites are controlled. We prepared a series of three new artificial variants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin where a tyrosine (Tyr109) is situated between the native Cu ion and a Ru(II) photosensitizer tethered to a histidine (His107). Arginine, glutamine, or methionine were introduced as position 122, which is near to Tyr109. We investigated the rate of CuI oxidation by a flash-quench generated Ru(III) oxidant over pH values from 5 to 9. While the identity of the residue at position 122 affects some of the physical properties of Tyr109, the rates of CuI oxidation are only weakly dependent on the identity of the residue at 122. The results highlight that more work is still needed to understand how non-covalent interactions of redox active groups are affected in redox proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jeffrey J. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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15
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Huang Y, Feng ZF, Li F, Hou YM. Host-Encoded Aminotransferase Import into the Endosymbiotic Bacteria Nardonella of Red Palm Weevil. Insects 2024; 15:35. [PMID: 38249041 PMCID: PMC10816905 DOI: 10.3390/insects15010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Symbiotic systems are intimately integrated at multiple levels. Host-endosymbiont metabolic complementarity in amino acid biosynthesis is especially important for sap-feeding insects and their symbionts. In weevil-Nardonella endosymbiosis, the final step reaction of the endosymbiont tyrosine synthesis pathway is complemented by host-encoded aminotransferases. Based on previous results from other insects, we suspected that these aminotransferases were likely transported into the Nardonella cytoplasm to produce tyrosine. Here, we identified five aminotransferase genes in the genome of the red palm weevil. Using quantitative real-time RT-PCR, we confirmed that RfGOT1 and RfGOT2A were specifically expressed in the bacteriome. RNA interference targeting these two aminotransferase genes reduced the tyrosine level in the bacteriome. The immunofluorescence-FISH double labeling localization analysis revealed that RfGOT1 and RfGOT2A were present within the bacteriocyte, where they colocalized with Nardonella cells. Immunogold transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the localization of RfGOT1 and RfGOT2A in the cytosol of Nardonella and the bacteriocyte. Our data revealed that RfGOT1 and RfGOT2A are transported into the Nardonella cytoplasm to collaborate with genes retained in the Nardonella genome in order to synthesize tyrosine. The results of our study will enhance the understanding of the integration of host and endosymbiont metabolism in amino acid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.H.); (Z.-F.F.); (F.L.)
- Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhen-Feng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.H.); (Z.-F.F.); (F.L.)
- Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.H.); (Z.-F.F.); (F.L.)
- Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - You-Ming Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.H.); (Z.-F.F.); (F.L.)
- Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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16
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Salyer LG, Salhi HE, Brundage EA, Shettigar V, Sturgill SL, Zanella H, Templeton B, Abay E, Emmer KM, Lowe J, Rafael-Fortney JA, Parinandi N, Foster DB, McKinsey TA, Woulfe KC, Ziolo MT, Biesiadecki BJ. Troponin I Tyrosine Phosphorylation Beneficially Accelerates Diastolic Function. Circ Res 2024; 134:33-45. [PMID: 38095088 PMCID: PMC10872382 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A healthy heart is able to modify its function and increase relaxation through post-translational modifications of myofilament proteins. While there are known examples of serine/threonine kinases directly phosphorylating myofilament proteins to modify heart function, the roles of tyrosine (Y) phosphorylation to directly modify heart function have not been demonstrated. The myofilament protein TnI (troponin I) is the inhibitory subunit of the troponin complex and is a key regulator of cardiac contraction and relaxation. We previously demonstrated that TnI-Y26 phosphorylation decreases calcium-sensitive force development and accelerates calcium dissociation, suggesting a novel role for tyrosine kinase-mediated TnI-Y26 phosphorylation to regulate cardiac relaxation. Therefore, we hypothesize that increasing TnI-Y26 phosphorylation will increase cardiac relaxation in vivo and be beneficial during pathological diastolic dysfunction. METHODS The signaling pathway involved in TnI-Y26 phosphorylation was predicted in silico and validated by tyrosine kinase activation and inhibition in primary adult murine cardiomyocytes. To investigate how TnI-Y26 phosphorylation affects cardiac muscle, structure, and function in vivo, we developed a novel TnI-Y26 phosphorylation-mimetic mouse that was subjected to echocardiography, pressure-volume loop hemodynamics, and myofibril mechanical studies. TnI-Y26 phosphorylation-mimetic mice were further subjected to the nephrectomy/DOCA (deoxycorticosterone acetate) model of diastolic dysfunction to investigate the effects of increased TnI-Y26 phosphorylation in disease. RESULTS Src tyrosine kinase is sufficient to phosphorylate TnI-Y26 in cardiomyocytes. TnI-Y26 phosphorylation accelerates in vivo relaxation without detrimental structural or systolic impairment. In a mouse model of diastolic dysfunction, TnI-Y26 phosphorylation is beneficial and protects against the development of disease. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated that tyrosine kinase phosphorylation of TnI is a novel mechanism to directly and beneficially accelerate myocardial relaxation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorien G Salyer
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute (L.G.S., H.E.S., E.A.B., V.S., S.L.S., H.Z., B.T., E.A., J.L., J.A.R.-F., M.T.Z., B.J.B.), Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Hussam E Salhi
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute (L.G.S., H.E.S., E.A.B., V.S., S.L.S., H.Z., B.T., E.A., J.L., J.A.R.-F., M.T.Z., B.J.B.), Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Elizabeth A Brundage
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute (L.G.S., H.E.S., E.A.B., V.S., S.L.S., H.Z., B.T., E.A., J.L., J.A.R.-F., M.T.Z., B.J.B.), Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Vikram Shettigar
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute (L.G.S., H.E.S., E.A.B., V.S., S.L.S., H.Z., B.T., E.A., J.L., J.A.R.-F., M.T.Z., B.J.B.), Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Sarah L Sturgill
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute (L.G.S., H.E.S., E.A.B., V.S., S.L.S., H.Z., B.T., E.A., J.L., J.A.R.-F., M.T.Z., B.J.B.), Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Helena Zanella
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute (L.G.S., H.E.S., E.A.B., V.S., S.L.S., H.Z., B.T., E.A., J.L., J.A.R.-F., M.T.Z., B.J.B.), Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Benjamin Templeton
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute (L.G.S., H.E.S., E.A.B., V.S., S.L.S., H.Z., B.T., E.A., J.L., J.A.R.-F., M.T.Z., B.J.B.), Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Eaman Abay
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute (L.G.S., H.E.S., E.A.B., V.S., S.L.S., H.Z., B.T., E.A., J.L., J.A.R.-F., M.T.Z., B.J.B.), Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Kathryn M Emmer
- University Laboratory Animal Resources (K.M.E.), Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Jeovanna Lowe
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute (L.G.S., H.E.S., E.A.B., V.S., S.L.S., H.Z., B.T., E.A., J.L., J.A.R.-F., M.T.Z., B.J.B.), Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Jill A Rafael-Fortney
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute (L.G.S., H.E.S., E.A.B., V.S., S.L.S., H.Z., B.T., E.A., J.L., J.A.R.-F., M.T.Z., B.J.B.), Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Narasimham Parinandi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine (N.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - D Brian Foster
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (D.B.F.)
| | - Timothy A McKinsey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (T.A.M., K.C.W.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation (T.A.M.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Kathleen C Woulfe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (T.A.M., K.C.W.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Mark T Ziolo
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute (L.G.S., H.E.S., E.A.B., V.S., S.L.S., H.Z., B.T., E.A., J.L., J.A.R.-F., M.T.Z., B.J.B.), Ohio State University, Columbus
| | - Brandon J Biesiadecki
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute (L.G.S., H.E.S., E.A.B., V.S., S.L.S., H.Z., B.T., E.A., J.L., J.A.R.-F., M.T.Z., B.J.B.), Ohio State University, Columbus
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17
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Wang T, Qi Y, Miyako E, Bianco A, Ménard-Moyon C. Photocrosslinked Co-Assembled Amino Acid Nanoparticles for Controlled Chemo/Photothermal Combined Anticancer Therapy. Small 2023:e2307337. [PMID: 38152926 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructures formed from the self-assembly of amino acids are promising materials in many fields, especially for biomedical applications. However, their low stability resulting from the weak noncovalent interactions between the amino acid building blocks limits their use. In this work, nanoparticles co-assembled by fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-protected tyrosine (Fmoc-Tyr-OH) and tryptophan (Fmoc-Trp-OH) are crosslinked by ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. Two methods are investigated to induce the dimerization of tyrosine, irradiating at 254 nm or at 365 nm in the presence of riboflavin as a photo-initiator. For the crosslinking performed at 254 nm, both Fmoc-Tyr-OH and Fmoc-Trp-OH generate dimers. In contrast, only Fmoc-Tyr-OH participates in the riboflavin-mediated dimerization under irradiation at 365 nm. The participation of both amino acids in forming the dimers leads to more stable crosslinked nanoparticles, allowing also to perform further chemical modifications for cancer applications. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) is adsorbed onto the crosslinked nanoparticles, subsequently coated by a tannic acid-iron complex, endowing the nanoparticles with glutathione-responsiveness and photothermal properties, allowing to control the release of Dox. A remarkable anticancer efficiency is obtained in vitro and in vivo in tumor-bearing mice thanks to the combined chemo- and photothermal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Wang
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Yun Qi
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa, 923-1292, Japan
| | - Eijiro Miyako
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa, 923-1292, Japan
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Cécilia Ménard-Moyon
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
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Cantley NWP, Barski R, Kemp H, Hogg SL, Wu HYT, Bowron A, Collingwood C, Cundick J, Hart C, Shakespeare L, Preece MA, Aitkenhead H, Smith S, Carling RS, Moat SJ. Incidental Detection of Classical Galactosemia through Newborn Screening for Phenylketonuria: A 10-Year Retrospective Audit to Determine the Efficacy of This Approach. Int J Neonatal Screen 2023; 10:2. [PMID: 38248630 PMCID: PMC10801530 DOI: 10.3390/ijns10010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In the UK, Classical Galactosaemia (CG) is identified incidentally from the Newborn Screening (NBS) for phenylketonuria (PKU) using an "Other disorder suspected" (ODS) pathway when phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine (Tyr) concentrations are increased. We aimed to determine the efficacy of CG detection via NBS and estimate the incidence of CG in live births in the UK. A survey was sent to all UK NBS laboratories to collate CG cases diagnosed in the UK from 2010 to 2020. Cases of CG diagnosed were determined if detected clinically, NBS, or by family screening, as well as age at diagnosis. Cases referred via the ODS pathway were also collated, including the final diagnosis made. Responses were obtained from 13/16 laboratories. Between 2010 and 2020, a total of 6,642,787 babies were screened, and 172 cases of CG were identified. It should be noted that 85/172 presented clinically, 52/172 were identified by NBS, and 17/172 came from family screening. A total of 117 referrals were made via the ODS pathway, and 45/117 were subsequently diagnosed with CG. Median (interquartile range) age at diagnosis by NBS and clinically was 8 days (7-11) and 10 days (7-16), respectively (Mann-Whitney U test, U = 836.5, p-value = 0.082). The incidence of CG is 1:38,621 live births. The incidence of CG in the UK is comparable with that of other European/western countries. No statistical difference was seen in the timing of diagnosis between NBS and clinical presentation based on the current practice of sampling on day 5. Bringing forward the day of NBS sampling to day 3 would increase the proportion diagnosed with CG by NBS from 52/172 (30.2%) to 66/172 (38.4%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan W. P. Cantley
- South West Newborn Screening and Metabolic Laboratory, Severn Pathology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Robert Barski
- Biochemical Genetics, Specialist Laboratory Medicine, Block 46, St James University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK;
| | - Helena Kemp
- South West Newborn Screening and Metabolic Laboratory, Severn Pathology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Sarah L. Hogg
- Biochemical Genetics Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Hoi Yee Teresa Wu
- Willink Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Genomic Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Ann Bowron
- Metabolic and Newborn Screening Section, Department of Blood Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Catherine Collingwood
- Biochemistry Department, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L12 2AP, UK
| | - Jennifer Cundick
- Regional Newborn Screening Laboratory, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Claire Hart
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Newborn Screening, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK
| | - Lynette Shakespeare
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Newborn Screening, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK
| | - Mary Anne Preece
- Newborn Screening and Biochemical Genetics, Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
| | - Helen Aitkenhead
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Sarah Smith
- Scottish Newborn Screening Laboratory, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Rachel S. Carling
- Biochemical Sciences, Synnovis, Guys & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK
- GKT School Medical Education, Kings College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Stuart J. Moat
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Immunology & Toxicology, University Hospital Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK;
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
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Tyler J, Podaras M, Richardson B, Roeder N, Hammond N, Hamilton J, Blum K, Gold M, Baron DA, Thanos PK. High intensity interval training exercise increases dopamine D2 levels and modulates brain dopamine signaling. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1257629. [PMID: 38192549 PMCID: PMC10773799 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1257629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research has outlined the health benefits of exercise including its therapeutic potential for substance use disorders (SUD). These data have already been utilized and it is now common to find exercise as part of SUD treatment and relapse prevention programs. However, we need to better understand different exercise regimens and determine which would be the most beneficial for SUDs. Recently, high intensity interval training (HIIT) has gained attention in comparison with aerobic and resistance exercise. Little is known regarding the neurobiological mechanisms of HIIT, including its effects on dopamine signaling and receptor levels in the brain. The present study examined the effects of chronic HIIT exercise on dopamine signaling as measured by dopamine type 1-like receptor (D1R)-like, dopamine type 2-like receptor (D2R)-like, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) quantification in the brains of male and female rats as measured by [3H] SCH 23390 and [3H] spiperone autoradiography, and TH-immunoreactive optical density values. Methods Rats were separated in two groups: sedentary and HIIT exercise. Exercise was on a treadmill for 30 min daily (10 3 min cycles) for six weeks with progressive speed increased up to 0.8 mph (21.5 m/min). Results Results showed for D2R-like binding, a significant effect across the ventral caudate putamen (V CPU) between sexes, such that mean D2R-like binding was 14% greater for males than females. In the nucleus accumbens shell (Nac Shell), the HIIT Exercise rats showed 16% greater D2R-like binding as compared to the sedentary rats. No significant effects of HIIT exercise were found across groups for brain D1R-like binding levels or TH expression. Conclusion These results suggest that HIIT exercise can modulate dopamine signaling by way of increased D2R. These findings support the premise that HIIT exercise plays an important role in dopamine signaling and, may provide a potential mechanism for how HIIT exercise can impact the brain and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Tyler
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Madeline Podaras
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Brittany Richardson
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Nicole Roeder
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Nikki Hammond
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - John Hamilton
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Kenneth Blum
- Center for Sports, Exercsie and Mental Health, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Mark Gold
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - David A. Baron
- Center for Sports, Exercsie and Mental Health, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Panayotis K. Thanos
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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20
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Moura C, Correia AS, Vale N. Exploring the Interaction of Indole-3-Acetonitrile with Neuroblastoma Cells: Understanding the Connection with the Serotonin and Dopamine Pathways. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3325. [PMID: 38137546 PMCID: PMC10741800 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Indole-3-acetonitrile, a compound produced by bacteria and plants as a defense and survival signal in response to attacks, has been recently discovered as a metabolite produced by human cancer cells. This discovery suggests a potential association between IAN and cancer progression in patients. Consequently, the aim of this work was to study the effects of IAN on a specific cancer cell line, SH-SY5Y, and elucidate its connection to the serotonin and dopamine pathways by examining the precursors of these neurotransmitters. To achieve this, a cellular viability assay was conducted, along with a morphological evaluation of the cells under both normal and stress conditions. Our results demonstrated that for the highest concentrations in our study, IAN was able to reduce the cellular viability of the cells. Furthermore, when IAN was combined with the amino acids that originate the neurotransmitters, it was possible to observe that in both combinations there was a decrease in the viability of the cells. Thus, IAN may in fact have some influence on both the serotonin and dopamine pathways since changes in cell viability were observed when it was added together with the amino acids. This preliminary study indicates the presence of an interaction between IAN and neuroblastoma cells that justifies further exploration and study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Moura
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (C.M.); (A.S.C.)
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Salomé Correia
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (C.M.); (A.S.C.)
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (C.M.); (A.S.C.)
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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21
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Ravanfar R, Sheng Y, Gray HB, Winkler JR. Tryptophan extends the life of cytochrome P450. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2317372120. [PMID: 38060561 PMCID: PMC10722969 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317372120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Powerfully oxidizing enzymes need protective mechanisms to prevent self-destruction. The flavocytochrome P450 BM3 from Priestia megaterium (P450BM3) is a self-sufficient monooxygenase that hydroxylates fatty acid substrates using O2 and NADPH as co-substrates. Hydroxylation of long-chain fatty acids (≥C14) is well coupled to O2 and NADPH consumption, but shorter chains (≤C12) are more poorly coupled. Hydroxylation of p-nitrophenoxydodecanoic acid by P450BM3 produces a spectrophotometrically detectable product wherein the coupling of NADPH consumption to product formation is just 10%. Moreover, the rate of NADPH consumption is 1.8 times that of O2 consumption, indicating that an oxidase uncoupling pathway is operative. Measurements of the total number of enzyme turnovers before inactivation (TTN) indicate that higher NADPH concentrations increase TTN. At lower NADPH levels, added ascorbate increases TTN, while a W96H mutation leads to a decrease. The W96 residue is about 7 Å from the P450BM3 heme and serves as a gateway residue in a tryptophan/tyrosine (W/Y) hole transport chain from the heme to a surface tyrosine residue. The data indicate that two oxidase pathways protect the enzyme from damage by intercepting the powerfully oxidizing enzyme intermediate (Compound I) and returning it to its resting state. At high NADPH concentrations, reducing equivalents from the flavoprotein are delivered to Compound I by the usual reductase pathway. When NADPH is not abundant, however, oxidizing equivalents from Compound I can traverse a W/Y chain, arriving at the enzyme surface where they are scavenged by reductants. Ubiquitous tryptophan/tyrosine chains in highly oxidizing enzymes likely perform similar protective functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Ravanfar
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA91125
| | - Yuling Sheng
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA91125
| | - Harry B. Gray
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA91125
| | - Jay R. Winkler
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA91125
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22
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Niazov-Elkan A, Weissman H, Shimoni E, Sui X, Feldman Y, Wagner HD, Rybtchinski B. Emergent Self-Assembly of Sustainable Plastics Based on Amino Acid Nanocrystals. ACS Nano 2023; 17:20962-20967. [PMID: 37871004 PMCID: PMC10655173 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Development of biodegradable plastic materials is of primary importance in view of acute environmental and health problems associated with the accumulation of plastic waste. We fabricated a biodegradable composite material based on hydroxyethyl cellulose polymer and tyrosine nanocrystals, which demonstrates enhanced strength and ductility (typically mutually excluding properties), superior to most biodegradable plastics. This emergent behavior results from an assembly pattern that leads to a uniform nanoscale morphology and strong interactions between the components. Water-resistant biodegradable composites encapsulated with hydrophobic polycaprolactone as a protection layer were also fabricated. Self-assembly of robust sustainable plastics with emergent properties by using readily available building blocks provides a valuable toolbox for creating sustainable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Niazov-Elkan
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Haim Weissman
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Eyal Shimoni
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - XiaoMeng Sui
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yishay Feldman
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - H. Daniel Wagner
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Boris Rybtchinski
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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23
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Kharina A, Eliseeva T. Tyrosine Amino Acid as a Foulant for the Heterogeneous Anion Exchange Membrane. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:844. [PMID: 37888017 PMCID: PMC10608749 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13100844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The features of organic fouling have been revealed for highly basic anion exchange membranes during prolonged electrodialysis in solutions containing the aromatic amino acid tyrosine. With increased operation time when using MA-41 heterogeneous membranes in tyrosine solution, an increase in hydrophobicity and roughness characteristics of the material surface is detected. A reduction in tyrosine flux through the membrane occurs which is caused by its pores plugging and deposition of the amino acid at the membrane surface induced by tyrosine adsorption and local supersaturation of the solution in the membrane phase. The long-term contact of the anion exchange membrane with a solution of tyrosine leads to some structural changes in the anion exchange material. An accumulation of the studied amino acid with phenolic fragment and tyrosine oxidation products (DOPA, DOPA-quinone) is found and confirmed by IR- and UV-spectroscopy techniques. The organic fouling is accompanied by an increase in density and a decrease in moisture content of the studied membrane. A comparative analysis of the chemical and electrochemical cleaning results for fouled samples of the MA-41 membrane demonstrates a partial restoration of the material transport characteristics using electrochemical cleaning in the intensive current mode of electrodialysis. The best efficiency of regeneration is reached when carrying out chemical cleaning with a solution of hydrochloric acid, providing almost complete restoration of the membrane characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatiana Eliseeva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya pl., Voronezh 394018, Russia;
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24
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Li K, Gao N, Tang J, Ma H, Jiang J, Duan Y, Li Z. A Study on the Formation of Flavor Substances by Bacterial Diversity in the Fermentation Process of Canned Bamboo Shoots in Clear Water. Foods 2023; 12:3478. [PMID: 37761186 PMCID: PMC10529733 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Canned bamboo shoots in clear water could produce a unique flavor through bacterial diversity via the fermentation process. Weissella, Streptococcus, Leuconostoc, Acinetobacter, Lactococcus and Lactobacillus were the main microorganisms. Tyrosine was the most abundant free amino acid (FAA), which had a negative correlation with Lactococcus. Ten kinds of flavor substances, such as 3-methyl-1-butanol, acetic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester, benzene acetaldehyde, benzoic acid and ethyl ester, were important influential factors in the flavor of fermented bamboo shoots. Through the verification test of tyrosine and phenylalanine decarboxylase, it was found that Lactococcus lactis TJJ2 could decompose tyrosine and phenylalanine to produce benzaldehyde and benzene acetaldehyde, which provided the fermented bamboo shoots with a grassy aroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (K.L.); (N.G.); (J.T.); (H.M.); (J.J.); (Y.D.)
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ning Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (K.L.); (N.G.); (J.T.); (H.M.); (J.J.); (Y.D.)
| | - Jiaojiao Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (K.L.); (N.G.); (J.T.); (H.M.); (J.J.); (Y.D.)
| | - Huiqin Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (K.L.); (N.G.); (J.T.); (H.M.); (J.J.); (Y.D.)
| | - Jiayan Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (K.L.); (N.G.); (J.T.); (H.M.); (J.J.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yufan Duan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (K.L.); (N.G.); (J.T.); (H.M.); (J.J.); (Y.D.)
| | - Zongjun Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (K.L.); (N.G.); (J.T.); (H.M.); (J.J.); (Y.D.)
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China
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25
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Imtiaz S, Saleem M. Fluorescence Spectroscopy Based Characterization of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Suspension. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03436-4. [PMID: 37713016 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03436-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
In this article, optical characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) suspension has been performed by using Fluorescence spectroscopy. Optical density (OD) and plate count methods have been employed as a reference for the analysis of emission spectra of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water suspension. Emission spectra of PA suspension has been acquired by using excitation wavelengths from 270 to 420 nm with step of 10 nm to explore its spectral behavior. It has been found that emission spectra of tryptophan, tyrosine, NADH and FAD, the intracellular biomolecules of bacteria, can be used as finger prints for the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furthermore, the effect of water matrix on the spectral emission of Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been investigated that might be one of the limitation of Fluorescence spectroscopy for complex water matrices. Moreover, a calibration curve has been produced between ODs600 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa suspensions of different bacterial load and integrated intensities of the emission spectra of same samples. These ODs600 and integrating intensities have been further vetted through plate count method by determining their corresponding colony forming units per ml (CFU/ml). This calibration curve may be used to determine CFU/ml of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water sample by determining integrating intensity of its emission spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Imtiaz
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 45650, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 45650, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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26
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Smith AD, Tschirhart T, Compton J, Hennessa TM, VanArsdale E, Wang Z. Rapid, high-titer biosynthesis of melanin using the marine bacterium Vibrio natriegens. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1239756. [PMID: 37781538 PMCID: PMC10534004 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1239756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanin is one of the most abundant natural biomolecules on Earth. These macromolecular biopolymers display several unique physical and chemical properties and have garnered interest as biomaterials for various commercial and industrial applications. To this end, extensive research has gone into refining methods for the synthesis and extraction of melanin from natural and recombinant sources. In this study, we developed and refined a procedure using a recombinant microbial system for the biosynthesis of melanin using the tyrosinase enzyme Tyr1 and tyrosine as a substrate. Using the emergent microbial chassis organisms Vibrio natriegens, we achieved maximal yields of 7.57 g/L, and one of the highest reported volumetric productivities of 473 mg L-1 h-1 with 100% conversion rates in an optimized, minimally defined medium. Additionally, we identified and investigated the use of a native copper responsive promoter in V. natriegens for stringent regulation of heterologous protein expression as a cost effective alternative to traditional IPTG-based induction. This research represents a promising advancement towards a green, rapid, and economical alternative for the biomanufacture of melanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D. Smith
- United States Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Washington, DC, United States
- College of Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | - Tanya Tschirhart
- United States Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jaimee Compton
- United States Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Tiffany M. Hennessa
- American Society for Engineering Education Postdoctoral Research Associate, United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Eric VanArsdale
- National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associate, United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Zheng Wang
- United States Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Washington, DC, United States
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27
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Kido J, Häberle J, Tanaka T, Nagao M, Wada Y, Numakura C, Bo R, Nyuzuki H, Dateki S, Maruyama S, Murayama K, Yoshida S, Nakamura K. Improved sensitivity and specificity for citrin deficiency using selected amino acids and acylcarnitines in the newborn screening. J Inherit Metab Dis 2023. [PMID: 37681292 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Citrin deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a defect of citrin resulting from mutations in the SLC25A13 gene. Intrahepatic cholestasis and various metabolic abnormalities, including hypoglycemia, galactosemia, citrullinemia, and hyperammonemia may be present in neonates or infants in the "neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency" (NICCD) form of the disease. Because at present, newborn screening (NBS) for citrin deficiency using citrulline levels in dried blood spots (DBS) can only detect some of the patients, we tried to develop a new evaluation system to more reliably detect newborns with citrin deficiency utilizing parameters already in place in present NBS methods. To achieve this goal, we re-analyzed NBS profiles of amino acids and acylcarnitines in 96 NICCD patients, who were diagnosed through selective screening or positive family history. Hereby, we identified the combined evaluation of arginine (Arg), citrulline (Cit), isoleucine+leucine (Ile + Leu), tyrosine (Tyr), free carnitine (C0) / glutarylcarnitine (C5-DC) ratio in DBS as potentially sensitive to diagnose citrin deficiency in pre-symptomatic newborns. In particular, a scoring system using threshold levels for Arg (≥9 μmol/L), Cit (≥ 39 μmol/L), Ile + Leu (≥ 99 μmol/L), Tyr (≥ 96 μmol/L) and C0/C5-DC ratio (≥327) was significantly effective to detect newborns who later developed NICCD, and could thus be implemented in existing NBS programs at no extra analytical costs whenever citrin deficiency is considered to become a novel target disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kido
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
- University Children's Hospital Zurich and Children's Research Centre, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Häberle
- University Children's Hospital Zurich and Children's Research Centre, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Toju Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Nagao
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Wada
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chikahiko Numakura
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Bo
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nyuzuki
- Department of Pediatrics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Sumito Dateki
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Maruyama
- Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kei Murayama
- Department of Metabolism, Center for Medical Genetics, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Kimitoshi Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
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28
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Spedalieri C, Plaickner J, Speiser E, Esser N, Kneipp J. Ultraviolet Resonance Raman Spectra of Serum Albumins. Appl Spectrosc 2023; 77:1044-1052. [PMID: 37415516 PMCID: PMC10478327 DOI: 10.1177/00037028231183728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The ultraviolet resonance Raman (UVRR) spectra of the two proteins bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA) in an aqueous solution are compared with the aim to distinguish between them based on their very similar amino acid composition and structure and to obtain signals from tryptophan that has only very few residues. Comparison of the protein spectra with solutions of tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine in comparative ratios as in the two proteins shows that at an excitation wavelength of 220 nm, the spectra are dominated by the strong resonant contribution from these three amino acids. While the strong enhancement of two and one single tryptophan residue in BSA and HSA, respectively, results in pronounced bands assigned to fundamental vibrations of tryptophan, its weaker overtones and combination bands do not play a major role in the spectral range above 1800 cm-1. There, the protein spectra clearly reveal the signals of overtones and combination bands of phenylalanine and tyrosine. Assignments of spectral features in the range of Raman shifts from 3800 to 5100 cm-1 to combinations comprising fundamentals and overtones of tyrosine were supported by spectra of amino acid mixtures that contain deuterated tyrosine. The information in the high-frequency region of the UVRR spectra could provide information that is complementary to near-infrared absorption spectroscopy of the proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Spedalieri
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Plaickner
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Norbert Esser
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISASe.V, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janina Kneipp
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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29
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Kanyile SN, Engl T, Heddi A, Kaltenpoth M. Endosymbiosis allows Sitophilus oryzae to persist in dry conditions. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1199370. [PMID: 37497544 PMCID: PMC10366622 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1199370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Insects frequently associate with intracellular microbial symbionts (endosymbionts) that enhance their ability to cope with challenging environmental conditions. Endosymbioses with cuticle-enhancing microbes have been reported in several beetle families. However, the ecological relevance of these associations has seldom been demonstrated, particularly in the context of dry environments where high cuticle quality can reduce water loss. Thus, we investigated how cuticle-enhancing symbionts of the rice-weevil, Sitophilus oryzae contribute to desiccation resistance. We exposed symbiotic and symbiont-free (aposymbiotic) beetles to long-term stressful (47% RH) or relaxed (60% RH) humidity conditions and measured population growth. We found that symbiont presence benefits host fitness especially under dry conditions, enabling symbiotic beetles to increase their population size by over 33-fold within 3 months, while aposymbiotic beetles fail to increase in numbers beyond the starting population in the same conditions. To understand the mechanisms underlying this drastic effect, we compared beetle size and body water content and found that endosymbionts confer bigger body size and higher body water content. While chemical analyses revealed no significant differences in composition and quantity of cuticular hydrocarbons after long-term exposure to desiccation stress, symbiotic beetles lost water at a proportionally slower rate than did their aposymbiotic counterparts. We posit that the desiccation resistance and higher fitness observed in symbiotic beetles under dry conditions is due to their symbiont-enhanced thicker cuticle, which provides protection against cuticular transpiration. Thus, we demonstrate that the cuticle enhancing symbiosis of Sitophilus oryzae confers a fitness benefit under drought stress, an ecologically relevant condition for grain pest beetles. This benefit likely extends to many other systems where symbiont-mediated cuticle synthesis has been identified, including taxa spanning beetles and ants that occupy different ecological niches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tobias Engl
- Department of Insect Symbiosis, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Martin Kaltenpoth
- Department of Insect Symbiosis, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
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Dangelmaier CA, Patchin M, Vajipayajula DN, Vari HR, Singh PK, Wright MN, Kostyak JC, Tsygankov AY, Kunapuli SP. Phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase at Y346 negatively regulates ITAM-mediated signaling and function in platelets. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104865. [PMID: 37268160 PMCID: PMC10320515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is expressed in a variety of hemopoietic cells. Upon phosphorylation of the platelet immunoreceptor-based activation motif of the glycoprotein VI (GPVI)/Fc receptor gamma chain collagen receptor, both the tyrosine phosphorylation and activity of Syk are increased leading to downstream signaling events. Although it has been established that the activity of Syk is regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation, the specific roles of individual phosphorylation sites remain to be elucidated. We observed that Syk Y346 in mouse platelets was still phosphorylated when GPVI-induced Syk activity was inhibited. We then generated Syk Y346F mice and analyzed the effect this mutation exerts on platelet responses. Syk Y346F mice bred normally, and their blood cell count was unaltered. We did observe potentiation of GPVI-induced platelet aggregation and ATP secretion as well as increased phosphorylation of other tyrosines on Syk in the Syk Y346F mouse platelets when compared to WT littermates. This phenotype was specific for GPVI-dependent activation, since it was not seen when AYPGKF, a PAR4 agonist, or 2-MeSADP, a purinergic receptor agonist, was used to activate platelets. Despite a clear effect of Syk Y346F on GPVI-mediated signaling and cellular responses, there was no effect of this mutation on hemostasis as measured by tail-bleeding times, although the time to thrombus formation determined using the ferric chloride injury model was reduced. Thus, our results indicate a significant effect of Syk Y346F on platelet activation and responses in vitro and reveal its complex nature manifesting itself by the diversified translation of platelet activation into physiological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Dangelmaier
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Margaret Patchin
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dhruv N Vajipayajula
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hymavathi Reddy Vari
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Monica N Wright
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John C Kostyak
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexander Y Tsygankov
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Satya P Kunapuli
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Ranganath L, Khedr M, Milan AM, Davison AS, Norman BP, Janssen MCH, Lock E, Bou‐Gharios G, Gallagher JA. Increased prevalence of Parkinson's disease in alkaptonuria. JIMD Rep 2023; 64:282-292. [PMID: 37404676 PMCID: PMC10315388 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Amongst a cohort of 88 alkaptonuria (AKU) patients attending the United Kingdom National Alkaptonuria Centre (NAC), four unrelated patients had co-existing Parkinson's disease (PD). Two of the NAC patients developed PD before receiving nitisinone (NIT) while the other two developed overt PD during NIT therapy. NIT lowers redox-active homogentisic acid (HGA) and profoundly increases tyrosine (TYR). A further unpublished case of a Dutch patient with AKU and PD on deep brain stimulation is included in this report. A Pubmed search revealed a further five AKU patients with PD, all without NIT usage. The prevalence of PD in AKU in the NAC appears to be nearly 20-times higher than in the non-AKU population (p < 0.001) even when adjusted for age. We propose that life-long exposure to redox-active HGA may account for the higher prevalence of PD in AKU. Furthermore, the appearance of PD in AKU patients during NIT therapy may be due to unmasking dopamine deficiency in susceptible individuals, as a result of the tyrosinaemia during NIT therapy inhibiting the rate-limiting brain tyrosine hydroxylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshminarayan Ranganath
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolic MedicineRoyal Liverpool University HospitalLiverpoolUK
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Milad Khedr
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolic MedicineRoyal Liverpool University HospitalLiverpoolUK
| | - Anna M. Milan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolic MedicineRoyal Liverpool University HospitalLiverpoolUK
| | - Andrew S. Davison
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolic MedicineRoyal Liverpool University HospitalLiverpoolUK
| | - Brendan P. Norman
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Mirian C. H. Janssen
- Departments of Internal Medicine & PediatricsRadboud University Nijmegen Medical CentreNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Edward Lock
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK
| | - George Bou‐Gharios
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - James A. Gallagher
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
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32
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Pereira-Caro G, Cáceres-Jimenez S, Bresciani L, Mena P, Almutairi TM, Dobani S, Pourshahidi LK, Gill CIR, Moreno Rojas JM, Clifford MN, Crozier A. Excretion by subjects on a low (poly)phenol diet of phenolic gut microbiota catabolites sequestered in tissues or associated with catecholamines and surplus amino acids. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37369137 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2226369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic catabolites excreted by fasting subjects with a functioning colon and ileostomists on a low (poly)phenol diet have been investigated. Urine was collected over a 12 h fasting period after adherence to a low (poly)phenol diet for 36 h. UHPLC-HR-MS quantified 77 phenolics. Some were present in the urine of both groups in similar trace amounts and others were excreted in higher amounts by participants with a colon indicating the involvement of the microbiota. Most were present in sub- or low-µmol amounts, but hippuric acid dominated accounting on average for 60% of the total for both volunteer categories indicating significant production from sources other than non-nutrient dietary (poly)phenols. The potential origins of the phenolics associated with the low (poly)phenol diet, include endogenous catecholamines, surplus tyrosine and phenylalanine, and washout of catabolites derived from pre-study intakes of non-nutrient dietary (poly)phenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Pereira-Caro
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training, Córdoba, Spain
- Foods for Health Group, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba Córdoba, Spain
| | - Salud Cáceres-Jimenez
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training, Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Letizia Bresciani
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Sara Dobani
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - L Kirsty Pourshahidi
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Chris I R Gill
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - José Manuel Moreno Rojas
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training, Córdoba, Spain
- Foods for Health Group, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba Córdoba, Spain
| | - Michael N Clifford
- School of Bioscience and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alan Crozier
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Boscarino G, Carducci C, Conti MG, Podagrosi M, Gigliello A, Di Chiara M, Bartolucci M, Brunelli R, Parisi P, Angeloni A, Terrin G. Early Energy Intake and Amino Acid Profile in Preterm Newborns: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:2917. [PMID: 37447243 PMCID: PMC10343583 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: An increased protein intake via parenteral nutrition (PN) in early life is associated with an improvement of the nitrogen balance in preterm newborns. However, the role of energy intake on amino acid (AA) utilization provided by PN remains to be defined. We investigated the effects of energy intake on blood AA levels and profiles. (2) Methods: Quasi-experimental study including preterm very low birth weight newborns who received an energy enhanced PN (Cohort A) or an energy standard PN (Cohort B), with a similar protein amount in the first week of life. Blood AA levels were measured between three and seven days of life (T0) and at fifteen days of life (T1) and compared between the two study cohorts. (3) Results: AA levels of 40 newborns from each group were analyzed. No difference was found for total essential and non-essential blood AA concentration at T0 between the two study cohorts. At T1, we found a significantly higher blood concentration of leucine, isoleucine and proline, and a significantly lower concentration of tyrosine in Cohort B. However, multivariate analysis did not confirm this result. (4) Conclusions: An enhanced PN protocol in terms of energy but not of protein did not influence AA levels and profiles. Considering the high risk of side effects, we suggest exercising caution when administering high energy intake via PN in the first week of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Boscarino
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy (R.B.)
| | - Claudia Carducci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Conti
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy (R.B.)
| | - Maria Podagrosi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy (R.B.)
| | - Annamaria Gigliello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Di Chiara
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy (R.B.)
| | - Monica Bartolucci
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy (R.B.)
| | - Roberto Brunelli
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy (R.B.)
| | - Pasquale Parisi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sense Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant Andrea Hospital University, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Angeloni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Terrin
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy (R.B.)
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Ford S, Ilgaz F, Hawker S, Cochrane B, Hill M, Ellerton C, MacDonald A. Amino Acid Analyses of Plant Foods Used in the Dietary Management of Inherited Amino Acid Disorders. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102387. [PMID: 37242270 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A low amino acid (AA)/protein diet is the principal treatment for many inherited amino acid disorders (IMDs). Due to their low AA content, plant foods constitute an essential part of diet therapy. However, data on their AA composition are limited, which leads to an estimation of AA intake from protein content rather than an accurate calculation of true AA intake. This study describes the AA content of a total of 73 plant foods (fruits, n = 12; vegetables, n = 51; and other plant foods, n = 10), with the analysis commissioned by the UK National Society for Phenylketonuria (NSPKU) over 15 years. For all fruits and some vegetables (e.g., rocket, watercress and pea shoots), raw samples were used during analysis. All other vegetables were cooked prior to analysis to represent the usual condition of the food at the time of serving. AA analysis was performed with ion exchange chromatography. The median percentage of protein was 2.0% [0.6-5.4%] for the fruits and vegetables analysed (n = 56), although higher in vegetables than in fruits. Each of the five reported AAs (leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and methionine) supplied 1-5% per g of protein content. From the heterogeneous range of plant foods analysed, the AA/protein ratios differed significantly (2-5% in fruits and 1-9% in vegetables). There was a strong correlation between the amounts of each of the five AAs in the plant foods, but only a small, moderate correlation between the protein and AA content. Overall, this study provides data on the AA content of several plant foods, which are suitable for patients treated with a low AA/protein diet, including many novel plant options. However, only a limited range of fruits and vegetables were analysed due to the high costs of analysis. Hence, more extensive studies with an increased number of plant foods prepared by different cooking methods and replicate samples are necessary, particularly to examine the relationship between the protein and AA content in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Ford
- National Society for Phenylketonuria (NSPKU), Sheffield S12 9ET, UK
- Southmead Hospital North Bristol Trust, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Fatma Ilgaz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | | | - Barbara Cochrane
- NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Melanie Hill
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK
| | - Charlotte Ellerton
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Anita MacDonald
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
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Sun S, Rodriguez G, Xie Y, Guo W, Hernandez AEL, Sanchez JE, Kirken RA, Li L. Phosphorylation of Tyrosine 841 Plays a Significant Role in JAK3 Activation. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040981. [PMID: 37109511 PMCID: PMC10141632 DOI: 10.3390/life13040981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Janus Kinase 3 (JAK3) plays a key role in the development, proliferation, and differentiation of various immune cells. It regulates gene expression by phosphorylation of Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcriptions (STATs) via the JAK/STAT pathway. Recently, we found a new JAK3 phosphorylation site, tyrosine 841 (Y841). The results showed that pY841 helps the kinase domain flip around the pseudo kinase domain, which may cause JAK3 conformational changes. It also reduces the size of the cleft between the N-lobe and the C-lobe of the JAK3 kinase domain. However, pY841 was found to enlarge the cleft when ATP/ADP was bound to the kinase. The increase in the cleft size suggested that pY841 enhanced the elasticity of the kinase domain. For unphosphorylated JAK3 (JAK3-Y841), the binding forces between the kinase domain and ATP or ADP were similar. After phosphorylation of Y841, JAK3-pY841 exhibited more salt bridges and hydrogen bonds between ATP and the kinase than between ADP and the kinase. Consequently, the electrostatic binding force between ATP and the kinase was higher than that between ADP and the kinase. The result was that compared to ADP, ATP was more attractive to JAK3 when Y841 was phosphorylated. Therefore, JAK3-pY841 tended to bind ATP rather than ADP. This work provides new insights into the role of phosphorylation in kinase activation and ATP hydrolysis and sheds light on the importance of understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate the kinase function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Sun
- Computational Science Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Georgialina Rodriguez
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Yixin Xie
- Computational Science Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, 1100 South Marietta Pkwy SE, Marietta, GA 30060, USA
| | - Wenhan Guo
- Computational Science Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Alan E Lopez Hernandez
- Computational Science Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Jason E Sanchez
- Computational Science Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Robert Arthur Kirken
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Lin Li
- Computational Science Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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Franciosa G, Olsen JV. Impact of SHP2 tyrosine phosphorylation on the development of acquired resistance to allosteric SHP2 inhibitors. Oncotarget 2023; 14:281-283. [PMID: 36999992 PMCID: PMC10064878 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
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Papanikolaou V, Kyrodimos E, Mastronikolis N, Asimakopoulos AD, Papanastasiou G, Tsiambas E, Spyropoulou D, Katsinis S, Manoli A, Papouliakos S, Pantos P, Ragos V, Peschos D, Chrysovergis A. Anti-EGFR/BRAF- Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancer Diagn Progn 2023; 3:151-156. [PMID: 36875315 PMCID: PMC9949544 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in significant genes located on chromosome 7 - including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and also v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) as a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) - combined or not with numerical imbalances of the whole chromosome (aneuploidy-polysomy) are crucial genetic events involved in the development and progression of malignancies. Identification of EGFR/BRAF-dependent specific somatic mutations and other mechanisms of deregulation (i.e., amplification) is critical for applying targeted therapeutic approaches [tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs] or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Thyroid carcinoma is a specific pathological entity characterized by a variety of histological sub-types. Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) represent its main sub-types. In the current review, we explore the role of EGFR/BRAF alterations in thyroid carcinoma in conjunction with the corresponding anti-EGFR/BRAF TKI-based novel therapeutic strategies for patients with specific genetic signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Papanikolaou
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - George Papanastasiou
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evangelos Tsiambas
- Department of Cytology, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Spyropoulou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Spyros Katsinis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pamakaristos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Arezina Manoli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital Sotiria, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Papouliakos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, General Hospital "Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Pavlos Pantos
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Chrysovergis
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Haumann RG, Buys D, Hofland E, Romijn HWA, Kamminga SK, Aman J, Nossent EJ, Symersky P. A modified perfusion protocol for pulmonary endarterectomy in a patient with a hematologic malignancy treated with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Perfusion 2023; 38:418-421. [PMID: 34962840 PMCID: PMC9932616 DOI: 10.1177/02676591211052161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are known to be highly effective in the treatment of various cancers with kinase-domain mutations such as chronic myelogenous leukemia. However, they have important side effects such as increased vascular permeability and pulmonary hypertension. In patients undergoing pulmonary endarterectomy with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, these side effects may exacerbate postoperative complications such as reperfusion edema and persistent pulmonary hypertension. We report on a simple modification of the perfusion strategy to increase intravascular oncotic pressure by retrograde autologous priming and the addition of packed cells and albumin in a patient treated with a TKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renard G Haumann
- Department of Clinical Perfusion,
VUMC
Amsterdam University Medical Center,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dedré Buys
- Department of Clinical Perfusion,
VUMC
Amsterdam University Medical Center,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eline Hofland
- Department of Clinical Perfusion,
VUMC
Amsterdam University Medical Center,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans WA Romijn
- Department of Anesthesiology,
VUMC
Amsterdam University Medical Center,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne K Kamminga
- Department of Anesthesiology,
VUMC
Amsterdam University Medical Center,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jurjan Aman
- Department of Pulmonology,
VUMC
Amsterdam University Medical Center,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esther J Nossent
- Department of Pulmonology,
VUMC
Amsterdam University Medical Center,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petr Symersky
- Department of Cardiothoracic
Surgery, OLVG
Hospital, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
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Bohannon BM, Jowais JJ, Nyberg L, Liin SI, Larsson HP. Mechanistic insights into robust cardiac I Ks potassium channel activation by aromatic polyunsaturated fatty acid analogues. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.12.523777. [PMID: 36711783 PMCID: PMC9882137 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.12.523777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium (K V ) channels are important regulators of cellular excitability and control action potential repolarization in the heart and brain. K V channel mutations lead to disordered cellular excitability. Loss-of-function mutations, for example, result in membrane hyperexcitability, a characteristic of epilepsy and cardiac arrhythmias. Interventions intended to restore K V channel function have strong therapeutic potential in such disorders. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and PUFA analogues comprise a class of K V channel activators with potential applications in the treatment of arrhythmogenic disorders such as Long QT Syndrome (LQTS). LQTS is caused by a loss-of-function of the cardiac I Ks channel - a tetrameric potassium channel complex formed by K V 7.1 and associated KCNE1 protein subunits. We have discovered a set of aromatic PUFA analogues that produce robust activation of the cardiac I Ks channel and a unique feature of these PUFA analogues is an aromatic, tyrosine head group. We determine the mechanisms through which tyrosine PUFA analogues exert strong activating effects on the I Ks channel by generating modified aromatic head groups designed to probe cation-pi interactions, hydrogen bonding, and ionic interactions. We found that tyrosine PUFA analogues do not activate the I Ks channel through cation-pi interactions, but instead do so through a combination of hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana M. Bohannon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jessica J. Jowais
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Leif Nyberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sara I. Liin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - H. Peter Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Ruhanya V, Jacobs GB, Paul RH, Joska JA, Seedat S, Nyandoro G, Glashoff RH, Engelbrecht S. HIV-1 Subtype C Vpr Amino Acid Residue 45Y and Specific Conserved Fragments Are Associated with Neurocognitive Impairment and Markers of Viral Load. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2023; 39:166-175. [PMID: 36401355 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2022.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment. We investigated the relationship between HIV-1 subtype C Vpr sequence variation and HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment as measured by global deficit score (GDS) in treatment-naive individuals. We used different bioinformatic tools and statistical models to correlate vpr variation and cognitive function. We identified a tyrosine at position 45 (45Y) as a signature for neurocognitive impairment and histidine (45H) as a signature in the non-impaired individuals. The presence of signature 45Y was associated by 3.66 times higher GDS, 525 times higher plasma viral load, 15.84 times higher proviral load, and 60% lower absolute CD4-T cell count compared with those without the signature. Additionally, we identified four conserved Vpr fragment sequences, PEDQGPQREPYNEWTLE (5-21), LGQYIY (42-47), TYGDTW (49-54), and PEDQGPQREPYNEW (5-18), that were associated with higher plasma viral load and proviral load. The implication of these findings is that variation of Vpr leads to neurocognitive impairment in HIV infection and worsens the progression of disease in general by promoting the production of provirus, promoting HIV replication and depletion of CD4+ T cells in the periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vurayai Ruhanya
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Graeme Brendon Jacobs
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Robert H Paul
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Missouri-St Louis, University Boulevard, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - John A Joska
- MRC Unit of Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Soraya Seedat
- MRC Unit of Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - George Nyandoro
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Richard Helmuth Glashoff
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.,National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), Tygerberg Business Unity, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Susan Engelbrecht
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Li J, Merkler DJ, Han Q. Editorial: Aromatic amino acid metabolism-Volume II. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 9:1122151. [PMID: 36703916 PMCID: PMC9871244 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1122151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States,*Correspondence: Qian Han, ; Jianyong Li, ; David J. Merkler,
| | - David J. Merkler
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States,*Correspondence: Qian Han, ; Jianyong Li, ; David J. Merkler,
| | - Qian Han
- Laborator of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China,One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, China,*Correspondence: Qian Han, ; Jianyong Li, ; David J. Merkler,
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42
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Deng JP, Yu CS. Recent Development of Radiofluorination of Boron Agents for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy of Tumor: Creation of (18)F-Labeled C-F and B-F Linkages. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16. [PMID: 36678590 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a binary therapeutic technique employing a boron agent to be delivered to the tumor site followed by the irradiation of neutrons. Biofunctional molecules/nanoparticles labeled with F-18 can provide an initial pharmacokinetic profile of patients to guide the subsequent treatment planning procedure of BNCT. Borono phenylalanine (BPA), recognized by the l-type amino acid transporter, can cross the blood-brain barrier and be accumulated in gliomas. The radiofluoro BNCT agents are reviewed by considering (1) less cytotoxicity, (2) diagnosing and therapeutic purposes, (3) aqueous solubility and extraction route, as well as (4), the trifluoroborate effect. A trifluoroborate-containing amino acid such as fluoroboronotyrosine (FBY) represents an example with both functionalities of imaging and therapeutics. Comparing with the insignificant cytotoxicity of clinical BPA with IC50 > 500 μM, FBY also shows minute toxicity with IC50 > 500 μM. [18F]FBY is a potential diagnostic agent for its tumor to normal accumulation (T/N) ratio, which ranges from 2.3 to 24.5 from positron emission tomography, whereas the T/N ratio of FBPA is greater than 2.5. Additionally, in serving as a BNCT therapeutic agent, the boron concentration of FBY accumulated in gliomas remains uncertain. The solubility of 3-BPA is better than that of BPA, as evidenced by the cerebral dose of 3.4%ID/g vs. 2.2%ID/g, respectively. While the extraction route of d-BPA differs from that of BPA, an impressive T/N ratio of 6.9 vs. 1.5 is noted. [18F]FBPA, the most common clinical boron agent, facilitates the application of BPA in clinical BNCT. In addition to [18F]FBY, [18F] trifluoroborated nucleoside analog obtained through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition shows marked tumoral uptake of 1.5%ID/g. Other examples using electrophilic and nucleophilic fluorination on the boron compounds are also reviewed, including diboronopinacolone phenylalanine and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
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Enache TA, Enculescu M, Bunea MC, Zubillaga EA, Tellechea E, Aresti M, Lasheras M, Asensio AC, Diculescu VC. Carbon Inks-Based Screen-Printed Electrodes for Qualitative Analysis of Amino Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36674641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the great significance of amino acids, a substantial number of research studies has been directed toward the development of effective and reliable platforms for their evaluation, detection, and identification. In order to support these studies, a new electrochemical platform based on PANI/ZnO nanowires' modified carbon inks screen-printed electrodes was developed for qualitative analysis of electroactive amino acids, with emphasis on tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp). A comparative investigation of the carbon ink before and after modification with the PANI/ZnO was performed by scanning electron microscopy and by Raman spectroscopy, confirming the presence of PANI and ZnO nanowires. Electrochemical investigations by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy have shown a higher charge-transfer rate constant, which is reflected into lower charge-transfer resistance and higher capacitance values for the PANI/ZnO modified ink when compared to the simple carbon screen-printed electrode. In order to demonstrate the electrochemical performances of the PANI/ZnO nanowires' modified carbon inks screen-printed electrodes for amino acids analysis, differential pulse voltammograms were obtained in individual and mixed solutions of electroactive amino acids. It has been shown that the PANI/ZnO nanowires' modified carbon inks screen-printed electrodes allowed for tyrosine and tryptophan a peak separation of more than 100 mV, enabling their screening and identification in mixed solutions, which is essential for the electrochemical analysis of proteins within the proteomics research field.
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Ravanfar R, Sheng Y, Gray HB, Winkler JR. Tryptophan-96 in cytochrome P450 BM3 plays a key role in enzyme survival. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:59-64. [PMID: 36250256 PMCID: PMC9839481 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Flavocytochrome P450 from Bacillus megaterium (P450BM3 ) is a natural fusion protein containing reductase and heme domains. In the presence of NADPH and dioxygen the enzyme catalyses the hydroxylation of long-chain fatty acids. Analysis of the P450BM3 structure reveals chains of closely spaced tryptophan and tyrosine residues that might serve as pathways for high-potential oxidizing equivalents to escape from the heme active site when substrate oxidation is not possible. Our investigations of the total number of enzyme turnovers before deactivation have revealed that replacement of selected tryptophan and tyrosine residues with redox inactive groups leads to a twofold reduction in enzyme survival time. Tryptophan-96 is critical for prolonging enzyme activity, suggesting a key protective role for this residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Ravanfar
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Yuling Sheng
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Harry B. Gray
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Jay R. Winkler
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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Gryn-Rynko A, Sperkowska B, Majewski MS. Screening and Structure-Activity Relationship for Selective and Potent Anti-Melanogenesis Agents Derived from Species of Mulberry (Genus Morus). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27249011. [PMID: 36558142 PMCID: PMC9783946 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a multifunctional, copper-containing and rate-limiting oxidase that catalyses crucial steps in the melanogenesis pathway and is responsible for skin-pigmentation abnormalities in mammals. Numerous tyrosinase inhibitors derived from natural and synthetic sources have been identified as an objective for the development of anti-melanogenesis agents. However, due to side effects and lack of expected efficiency, only a small percentage of them are used for medical and cosmetic purposes. This critical review focuses on searching for novel active substances and recently discovered plant-derived anti-tyrosinase inhibitors from the Morus genus (Moraceae family). A detailed analysis of their structure-activity relationships is discussed. The information contained in this article is crucial for the cosmetics and medical industries, in order to show new directions for the effective search for natural anti-melanogenesis products (with satisfactory efficiency and safety) to treat and cure hyperpigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gryn-Rynko
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Warszawska 30 Street, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-508-150-669
| | - Beata Sperkowska
- Department of Toxicology and Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, A. Jurasza 2 Street, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Michał S. Majewski
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Warszawska 30 Street, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
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46
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Ciancone AM, Hosseinibarkooie S, Bai DL, Borne AL, Ferris HA, Hsu KL. Global profiling identifies a stress-responsive tyrosine site on EDC3 regulating biomolecular condensate formation. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:1709-1720.e7. [PMID: 36476517 PMCID: PMC9779741 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RNA granules are cytoplasmic condensates that organize biochemical and signaling complexes in response to cellular stress. Functional proteomic investigations under RNA-granule-inducing conditions are needed to identify protein sites involved in coupling stress response with ribonucleoprotein regulation. Here, we apply chemical proteomics using sulfonyl-triazole (SuTEx) probes to capture cellular responses to oxidative and nutrient stress. The stress-responsive tyrosine and lysine sites detected mapped to known proteins involved in processing body (PB) and stress granule (SG) pathways, including LSM14A, FUS, and Enhancer of mRNA-decapping protein 3 (EDC3). Notably, disruption of EDC3 tyrosine 475 (Y475) resulted in hypo-phosphorylation at S161 and S131 and altered protein-protein interactions (PPIs) with decapping complex components (DDX6, DCP1A/B) and 14-3-3 proteins. This resulting mutant form of EDC3 was capable of rescuing the PB-deficient phenotype of EDC3 knockout cells. Taken together, our findings identify Y475 as an arsenic-responsive site that regulates RNA granule formation by coupling EDC3 post-translational modification and PPI states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony M Ciancone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | | | - Dina L Bai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Adam L Borne
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Heather A Ferris
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Ku-Lung Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
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47
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Daly A, Adam S, Allen H, Ash J, Dale C, Dixon M, Dunlop C, Ellerton C, Evans S, Firman S, Ford S, Freedman F, Gribben J, Howe S, Khan F, McDonald J, McStravick N, Nguyen P, Oxley N, Skeath R, Simpson E, Terry A, Woodall A, White L, MacDonald A. UK Dietary Practices for Tyrosinaemias: Time for Change. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245202. [PMID: 36558364 PMCID: PMC9787818 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the UK, different dietary systems are used to calculate protein or tyrosine/phenylalanine intake in the dietary management of hereditary tyrosinaemia, HTI, II and III (HT), with no systematic evidence comparing the merits and inadequacies of each. This study aimed to examine the current UK dietary practices in all HTs and, using Delphi methodology, to reach consensus agreement about the best dietary management system. Over 12 months, five meetings were held with UK paediatric and adult dietitians working in inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) managing HTs. Eleven statements on the dietary system for calculating protein or tyrosine/phenylalanine intake were discussed. Dietitians from 12 of 14 IMD centres caring for HT patients participated, and 7/11 statements were agreed with one Delphi round. Nine centres (three abstentions) supported a 1 g protein exchange system for all foods except fruit and vegetables. The same definitions used in the UK for phenylketonuria (PKU) were adopted to define when to calculate foods as part of a protein exchange system or permit them without measurement. Fruit and vegetables contain a lower amount of tyrosine/phenylalanine per 1 g of protein than animal and cereal foods. The correlation of tyrosine vs. phenylalanine (mg/100 g) for vegetables and fruits was high (r = 0.9). In Delphi round 2, agreement was reached to use the tyrosine/phenylalanine analyses of fruits/vegetables, for their allocation within the HT diet. This allowed larger portion sizes of measured fruits and vegetables and increased the variety of fruit and vegetables that could be eaten without measurement. In HTs, a combined dietary management system will be used: 1 g protein exchanges for cereal and milk protein sources and tyrosine/phenylalanine exchanges for fruit and vegetables. Intensive, systematic communication with IMD dietitians and reappraisal of the evidence has redefined and harmonised HT dietary practice across the UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Daly
- Birmingham Women’s and Children’s Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Sarah Adam
- Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Heather Allen
- Sheffield Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK
| | - Jane Ash
- University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF4 4XW, UK
| | - Clare Dale
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - Marjorie Dixon
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | | | - Charlotte Ellerton
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sharon Evans
- Birmingham Women’s and Children’s Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
| | - Sarah Firman
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EU, UK
| | - Suzanne Ford
- Southmead Hospital North Bristol Trust, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Francine Freedman
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Joanna Gribben
- Evelina London Children’s Healthcare, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Sara Howe
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - Farzana Khan
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford BD5 0NA, UK
| | - Joy McDonald
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK
| | | | - Patty Nguyen
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Natalia Oxley
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford BD5 0NA, UK
| | - Rachel Skeath
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Emma Simpson
- Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Allyson Terry
- Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L12 2AP, UK
| | - Alison Woodall
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M6 8HD, UK
| | - Lucy White
- Sheffield Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK
| | - Anita MacDonald
- Birmingham Women’s and Children’s Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
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Lassen LB, Thomsen MS, Basso E, Füchtbauer EM, Füchtbauer A, Outeiro TF, Jensen PH, Moos T. Mutation of Tyrosine Sites in the Human Alpha-Synuclein Gene Induces Neurotoxicity in Transgenic Mice with Soluble Alpha-Synuclein Oligomer Formation. Cells 2022; 11. [PMID: 36429099 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of α-synuclein with tyrosine mutated to phenylalanine at position 125 leads to a severe phenotype with motor impairment and neuropathology in Drosophila. Here, we hypothesized that tyrosine mutations would similarly lead to impaired motor performance with neuropathology in a rodent model. In transgenic mice (ASO), tyrosines at positions 125, 133, and 136 in human α-synuclein were mutated to phenylalanine and cloned into a Thy1.2 expression vector, which was used to create transgenic mouse lines on a mixed genetic background TgN(Thy-1-SNCA-YF)4Emfu (YF). The YF mice had a decreased lifespan and displayed a dramatic motor phenotype with paralysis of both hind- and forelegs. Post-translational modification of α-synuclein due to phosphorylation of serine 129 is often seen in inclusions in the brains of patients with α-synucleinopathies. We observed a slight but significant increase in phosphorylation of serine 129 in the cytosol in YF mice compared to age-matched human α-synuclein transgenic mice (ASO). Conversely, significantly decreased phosphorylation of serine 129 was seen in synaptosomes of YF mice that also contained higher amounts of soluble oligomers. YF mice deposited full-length α-synuclein aggregates in neurons widespread in the CNS with the main occurrence in the forebrain structures of the cerebral cortex, the basal ganglia, and limbic structures. Full-length α-synuclein labeling was also prominent in many nuclear regions of the brain stem, deep cerebellar nuclei, and cerebellar cortex. The study shows that the substitution of tyrosines to phenylalanine in α-synuclein at positions 125, 133, and 136 leads to severe toxicity in vivo. An insignificant change upon tyrosine substitution suggests that the phosphorylation of serine 129 is not the cause of the toxicity.
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Nakane K, Nagasawa H, Fujimura C, Koyanagi E, Tomoshige S, Ishikawa M, Sato S. Switching of Photocatalytic Tyrosine/Histidine Labeling and Application to Photocatalytic Proximity Labeling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11622. [PMID: 36232972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Weak and transient protein interactions are involved in dynamic biological responses and are an important research subject; however, methods to elucidate such interactions are lacking. Proximity labeling is a promising technique for labeling transient ligand–binding proteins and protein–protein interaction partners of analytes via an irreversible covalent bond. Expanding chemical tools for proximity labeling is required to analyze the interactome. We developed several photocatalytic proximity-labeling reactions mediated by two different mechanisms. We found that numerous dye molecules can function as catalysts for protein labeling. We also identified catalysts that selectively modify tyrosine and histidine residues and evaluated their mechanisms. Model experiments using HaloTag were performed to demonstrate photocatalytic proximity labeling. We found that both ATTO465, which catalyzes labeling by a single electron transfer, and BODIPY, which catalyzes labeling by singlet oxygen, catalyze proximity labeling in cells.
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50
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Cui C, Han Y, Li H, Yu H, Zhang B, Li G. Curcumin-driven reprogramming of the gut microbiota and metabolome ameliorates motor deficits and neuroinflammation in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:887407. [PMID: 36034698 PMCID: PMC9400544 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.887407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, accompanied by motor deficits as well as gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Recent studies have proved that the disturbance of gut microbiota and metabolism contributes to the pathogenesis of PD; however, the mechanisms underlying these effects have yet to be elucidated. Curcumin (CUR) has been reported to provide neuroprotective effects on neurological disorders and modulate the gut flora in intestinal-related diseases. Therefore, it is of significant interest to investigate whether CUR could exert a protective effect on PD and whether the effect of CUR is dependent on the intestinal flora and subsequent changes in metabolites. Methods In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of CUR on a mouse model of PD induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to explore the profile of the gut microbiota among controls, MPTP-treated mice and CUR-treated mice. Then, antibiotic treatment (ABX) and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments were conducted to examine the role of intestinal microbes on the protective effects of CUR in PD mice. Furthermore, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS)-based metabolomics analysis was used to identify the landscape of the CUR-driven serum metabolome. Finally, Pearson's analysis was conducted to investigate correlations between the gut flora-metabolite axis and CUR-driven neuroprotection in PD. Results Our results showed that CUR intervention effectively improved motor deficits, glial cell activation, and the aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in MPTP-treated mice. 16S rRNA sequencing showed elevated abundances of Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Eggerthellaceae but depleted abundances of Aerococcaceae and Staphylococcaceae in CUR-treated mice when compared with MPTP mice. ABX and FMT experiments further confirmed that the gut microbiota was required for CUR-induced protection in PD mice. Serum metabolomics analysis showed that CUR notably upregulated the levels of tyrosine, methionine, sarcosine and creatine. Importantly, strong correlations were identified among crucial taxa (Aerococcaceae, Staphylococcaceae, Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Eggerthellaceae), pivotal metabolites (tyrosine, methionine, sarcosine and creatine) and the motor function and pathological results of mice. CUR treatment led to a rapid increase in the brain levels of tyrosine and levodopa (dopa) these changes were related to the abundances of Lactobacillaceae and Aerococcaceae. Conclusions CUR exerts a protective effect on the progression of PD by modulating the gut microbiota-metabolite axis. Lactobacillaceae and Aerococcaceae, along with key metabolites such as tyrosine and dopa play a dominant role in CUR-associated neuroprotection in PD mice. Our findings offer unique insights into the pathogenesis and potential treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Cui
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Han
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxiang Yu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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