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A New Miniaturized Gas Sensor Based on Zener Diode Network Covered by Metal Oxide. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12111355. [PMID: 34832767 PMCID: PMC8623190 DOI: 10.3390/mi12111355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of “portable, low cost and low consumption” gas microsensors is one of the strong needs for embedded portable devices in many fields such as public domain. In this paper, a new approach is presented on making, on the same chip, a network of head-to-tail facing PN junctions in order to miniaturize the sensor network and considerably reduce the required power for heating each cell independently. This paper is about recognizing a device that integrates both sensing and self-heating. This first study aims to evaluate the possibilities of this type of diode network for use as a gas sensor. The first part concerns the description of the technological process that is based on a doped polysilicon wafer in which a thin layer of metal oxide (a gallium-doped zinc oxide in our case) is deposited by RF sputtering. An electrical model will be proposed to explain the operation and advantage of this approach. We will show the two types of tests that have been carried out (static and dynamic) as well as the first encouraging results of these electrical characterizations under variable atmospheres.
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Fabrication and Characterization of Flexible and Miniaturized Humidity Sensors Using Screen-Printed TiO₂ Nanoparticles as Sensitive Layer. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17081854. [PMID: 28800063 PMCID: PMC5579961 DOI: 10.3390/s17081854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the fabrication and the characterization of an original example of a miniaturized resistive-type humidity sensor, printed on flexible substrate in a large-scale manner. The fabrication process involves laser ablation for the design of interdigitated electrodes on PET (Poly-Ethylene Terephthalate) substrate and a screen-printing process for the deposition of the sensitive material, which is based on TiO2 nanoparticles. The laser ablation process was carefully optimized to obtain micro-scale and well-resolved electrodes on PET substrate. A functional paste based on cellulose was prepared in order to allow the precise screen-printing of the TiO2 nanoparticles as sensing material on the top of the electrodes. The current against voltage (I–V) characteristic of the sensor showed good linearity and potential for low-power operation. The results of a humidity-sensing investigation and mechanical testing showed that the fabricated miniaturized sensors have excellent mechanical stability, sensing characteristics, good repeatability, and relatively fast response/recovery times operating at room temperature.
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Presmanes L, Thimont Y, El Younsi I, Chapelle A, Blanc F, Talhi C, Bonningue C, Barnabé A, Menini P, Tailhades P. Integration of P-CuO Thin Sputtered Layers onto Microsensor Platforms for Gas Sensing. SENSORS 2017. [PMID: 28621738 PMCID: PMC5492108 DOI: 10.3390/s17061409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
P-type semiconducting copper oxide (CuO) thin films deposited by radio-frequency (RF) sputtering were integrated onto microsensors using classical photolithography technologies. The integration of the 50-nm-thick layer could be successfully carried out using the lift-off process. The microsensors were tested with variable thermal sequences under carbon monoxide (CO), ammonia (NH3), acetaldehyde (C2H4O), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) which are among the main pollutant gases measured by metal-oxide (MOS) gas sensors for air quality control systems in automotive cabins. Because the microheaters were designed on a membrane, it was then possible to generate very rapid temperature variations (from room temperature to 550 °C in only 50 ms) and a rapid temperature cycling mode could be applied. This measurement mode allowed a significant improvement of the sensor response under 2 and 5 ppm of acetaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Presmanes
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France.
| | - Yohann Thimont
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France.
| | - Imane El Younsi
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France.
| | - Audrey Chapelle
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UPS, INSA, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31031 Toulouse, France.
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UPS, INSA, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31031 Toulouse, France.
| | - Chabane Talhi
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UPS, INSA, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31031 Toulouse, France.
| | - Corine Bonningue
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France.
| | - Antoine Barnabé
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France.
| | - Philippe Menini
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UPS, INSA, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, F-31031 Toulouse, France.
| | - Philippe Tailhades
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France.
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