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Wrist photoplethysmography-based assessment of ectopic burden in hemodialysis patients. Biomed Signal Process Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2023.104860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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Shiwani MA, Chico TJA, Ciravegna F, Mihaylova L. Continuous Monitoring of Health and Mobility Indicators in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Review of Recent Technologies. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5752. [PMID: 37420916 DOI: 10.3390/s23125752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases kill 18 million people each year. Currently, a patient's health is assessed only during clinical visits, which are often infrequent and provide little information on the person's health during daily life. Advances in mobile health technologies have allowed for the continuous monitoring of indicators of health and mobility during daily life by wearable and other devices. The ability to obtain such longitudinal, clinically relevant measurements could enhance the prevention, detection and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of various methods for monitoring patients with cardiovascular disease during daily life using wearable devices. We specifically discuss three distinct monitoring domains: physical activity monitoring, indoor home monitoring and physiological parameter monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali Shiwani
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Timothy J A Chico
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Fabio Ciravegna
- Dipartimento di Informatica, Università di Torino, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Lyudmila Mihaylova
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
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3
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Butkuviene M, Tamuleviciute-Prasciene E, Beigiene A, Barasaite V, Sokas D, Kubilius R, Petrenas A. Wearable-Based Assessment of Frailty Trajectories During Cardiac Rehabilitation After Open-Heart Surgery. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2022; 26:4426-4435. [PMID: 35700246 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2022.3181738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Frailty in patients after open-heart surgery influences the type and intensity of a cardiac rehabilitation program. The response to tailored exercise training can be different, requiring convenient tools to assess the effectiveness of a training program routinely. The study aims to investigate whether kinematic measures extracted from the acceleration signals can provide information about frailty trajectories during rehabilitation. One hundred patients after open-heart surgery, assigned to the equal-sized intervention and control groups, participated in exercise training during inpatient rehabilitation. After rehabilitation, the intervention group continued exercise training at home, whereas the control group was asked to maintain the usual physical activity regimen. Stride time, cadence, movement vigor, gait asymmetry, Lissajous index, and postural sway were estimated during the clinical walk and stair-climbing tests before and after inpatient rehabilitation as well as after home-based exercise training. Frailty was assessed using the Edmonton frail scale. Most kinematic measures estimated during walking improved after rehabilitation along with the improvement in frailty status, i.e., stride time, cadence, postural sway, and movement vigor improved in 71%, 77%, 81%, and 83% of patients, respectively. Meanwhile, kinematic measures during stair-climbing improved to a lesser extent compared to walking. Home-based exercise training did not result in a notable change in kinematic measures which agrees well with only a negligible deterioration in frailty status. The study demonstrates the feasibility to follow frailty trajectories during inpatient rehabilitation after open-heart surgery based on kinematic measures extracted using a single wearable sensor.
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Galli A, Montree RJH, Que S, Peri E, Vullings R. An Overview of the Sensors for Heart Rate Monitoring Used in Extramural Applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22114035. [PMID: 35684656 PMCID: PMC9185322 DOI: 10.3390/s22114035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This work presents an overview of the main strategies that have been proposed for non-invasive monitoring of heart rate (HR) in extramural and home settings. We discuss three categories of sensing according to what physiological effect is used to measure the pulsatile activity of the heart, and we focus on an illustrative sensing modality for each of them. Therefore, electrocardiography, photoplethysmography, and mechanocardiography are presented as illustrative modalities to sense electrical activity, mechanical activity, and the peripheral effect of heart activity. In this paper, we describe the physical principles underlying the three categories and the characteristics of the different types of sensors that belong to each class, and we touch upon the most used software strategies that are currently adopted to effectively and reliably extract HR. In addition, we investigate the strengths and weaknesses of each category linked to the different applications in order to provide the reader with guidelines for selecting the most suitable solution according to the requirements and constraints of the application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Galli
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Roel J. H. Montree
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (R.J.H.M.); (S.Q.); (E.P.)
| | - Shuhao Que
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (R.J.H.M.); (S.Q.); (E.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Peri
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (R.J.H.M.); (S.Q.); (E.P.)
| | - Rik Vullings
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (R.J.H.M.); (S.Q.); (E.P.)
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CORAZZA IVAN, MORRONE MARIAFRANCESCA, OLIVIERI MICHELA, ZECCHI MARGHERITA, ZANNOLI ROMANO. TEST OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE: RATIONALE AND FEASIBILITY. J MECH MED BIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519422500191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Rigorous clinical evaluation of the physiological performance is currently performed with complex and long procedures which need expensive technology and skilled operators. In a wide range of situations (frail patients, daily clinical practice, etc.), these approaches are difficult to be applied and simpler tests, with a lack of scientific background, are mandatory. To avoid these problems, we propose a test (test of physiological performance (TOPP)) to evaluate the physiological behavior of a subject, in a really easy and safe clinical setting, measuring only the heart rate. The subject is submitted to an active standing-up test and then two submaximal exercises (with a low power load) on a cycle-ergometer. The heart rate modifications due to each submaximal step are analyzed by exponential interpolation to calculate the ascending and descending time constants and evaluate the way each subject adapts his heart rate to work. The standard deviation of the RR for each stationary phase (warm-up, load, recovery) was calculated as an index of short-term variability. Then a standard Fourier analysis of the stationary periods of the standing-up procedures allows to quickly and easily evaluate the autonomic nervous activation. We tested the protocol on five healthy subjects to verify the feasibility and the acceptance of the procedure. The five subjects demonstrated a good tolerance of the entire procedure. The standing-up showed a behavior of the autonomic system consistent with the physiology (with an increase in sympathetic activation in the passage to standing position). The analysis of the two submaximal steps highlights how younger and trained subjects present lower heart rates (both in the ascending phase and in the recovery) with a quicker adaptation ability (smaller time constants) consistent with what is expected. The short-term variability of heart rate is greater in young and trained subjects, thus confirming how the sympatho-vagal balance, in these subjects, is more dynamic. The proposed test is well tolerated by the subjects and the results, albeit in a small cohort of healthy volunteers, are consistent with what is expected from physiology and is already present in the literature. Our work aims to be a proposal with a feasibility check of a method for evaluating performance. The work to be done for the clinical validation of the TOPP is still long, but we are aware that it can give important results and that the TOPP can become an effective tool for the assessment of the physiological performance even of fragile subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- IVAN CORAZZA
- Medical Physics Coordination Centre, Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - MARIA FRANCESCA MORRONE
- Medical Physics Coordination Centre, Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - MICHELA OLIVIERI
- Medical Physics Coordination Centre, Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - MARGHERITA ZECCHI
- Medical Physics Coordination Centre, Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - ROMANO ZANNOLI
- Medical Physics Coordination Centre, Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Charlton PH, Kyriacou PA, Mant J, Marozas V, Chowienczyk P, Alastruey J. Wearable Photoplethysmography for Cardiovascular Monitoring. PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE. INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS 2022; 110:355-381. [PMID: 35356509 PMCID: PMC7612541 DOI: 10.1109/jproc.2022.3149785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Smart wearables provide an opportunity to monitor health in daily life and are emerging as potential tools for detecting cardiovascular disease (CVD). Wearables such as fitness bands and smartwatches routinely monitor the photoplethysmogram signal, an optical measure of the arterial pulse wave that is strongly influenced by the heart and blood vessels. In this survey, we summarize the fundamentals of wearable photoplethysmography and its analysis, identify its potential clinical applications, and outline pressing directions for future research in order to realize its full potential for tackling CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H. Charlton
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing’s College London, King’s Health PartnersLondonSE1 7EUU.K.
- Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, CityUniversity of LondonLondonEC1V 0HBU.K.
- Department of Public Health and Primary CareUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB1 8RNU.K.
| | - Panicos A. Kyriacou
- Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, CityUniversity of LondonLondonEC1V 0HBU.K.
| | - Jonathan Mant
- Department of Public Health and Primary CareUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB1 8RNU.K.
| | - Vaidotas Marozas
- Department of Electronics Engineering and the Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology44249KaunasLithuania
| | - Phil Chowienczyk
- Department of Clinical PharmacologyKing’s College LondonLondonSE1 7EHU.K.
| | - Jordi Alastruey
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing’s College London, King’s Health PartnersLondonSE1 7EUU.K.
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Kim Y, Jeung J, Song Y, Ko H, Park S, Park H, Jeon G, Chung Y. A Wearable System for Heart Rate Recovery Evaluation with Real-Time Classification on Exercise Condition. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2021; 2021:7609-7612. [PMID: 34892851 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heart rate recovery (HRR) is a convenient index to assess a cardiovascular autonomic function response to physical exercise. HRR monitoring during daily exercise can be an effective way to verify cardiorespiratory performance. Because HRR varies depending on exercise intensity and resting condition, an exercise condition needs to be acquired for a reliable HRR analysis. This study presents a wearable system for HRR evaluation with automatic labeling of exercise conditions using real-time activity classification. We developed an activity classification algorithm using two features from accelerometer sensor: an acceleration peak and an angle tilt peak. The classification algorithm was applied to a chest-attached wearable device with an embedded electrocardiogram sensor and accelerometer sensors. We classified daily activities such as running, walking, and postural transitions performed under supervised conditions. The wearable device system accurately detected activities with a sensitivity of 99.2 % and posture transitions with a sensitivity of 92 % and specificity of 93.3 % for seven healthy subjects. The proposed wearable system can help monitor HRR during exercise training by labeling the exercise condition simultaneously.
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Sokas D, Paliakaitė B, Rapalis A, Marozas V, Bailón R, Petrėnas A. Detection of Walk Tests in Free-Living Activities Using a Wrist-Worn Device. Front Physiol 2021; 12:706545. [PMID: 34456748 PMCID: PMC8397518 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.706545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise testing to assess the response to physical rehabilitation or lifestyle interventions is administered in clinics thus at best can be repeated only few times a year. This study explores a novel approach to collecting information on functional performance through walk tests, e.g., a 6-min walk test (6MWT), unintentionally performed in free-living activities. Walk tests are detected in step data provided by a wrist-worn device. Only those events of minute-to-minute variation in walking cadence, which is equal or lower than the empirically determined maximal SD (e.g., 5-steps), are considered as walk test candidates. Out of detected walk tests within the non-overlapping sliding time interval (e.g., 1-week), the one with the largest number of steps is chosen as the most representative. This approach is studied on a cohort of 99 subjects, assigned to the groups of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and healthy subjects below and over 40-years-old, who were asked to wear the device while maintaining their usual physical activity regimen. The total wear time was 8,864 subject-days after excluding the intervals of occasionally discontinued monitoring. About 82% (23/28) of patients with CVD and 88% (21/24) of healthy subjects over 40-years-old had at least a single 6MWT over the 1st month of monitoring. About 52% of patients with CVD (12/23) and 91% (19/21) of healthy subjects over 40-years-old exceeded 500 m. Patients with CVD, on average, walked 46 m shorter 6MWT distance (p = 0.04) compared to healthy subjects. Unintentional walk testing is feasible and could be valuable for repeated assessment of functional performance outside the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daivaras Sokas
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Birutė Paliakaitė
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Andrius Rapalis
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.,Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vaidotas Marozas
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.,Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Raquel Bailón
- Biomedical Signal Interpretation & Computational Simulation (BSICoS) Group, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Andrius Petrėnas
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.,Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Paliakaitė B, Petrėnas A, Sološenko A, Marozas V. Modeling of artifacts in the wrist photoplethysmogram: Application to the detection of life-threatening arrhythmias. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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Senbekov M, Saliev T, Bukeyeva Z, Almabayeva A, Zhanaliyeva M, Aitenova N, Toishibekov Y, Fakhradiyev I. The Recent Progress and Applications of Digital Technologies in Healthcare: A Review. Int J Telemed Appl 2020; 2020:8830200. [PMID: 33343657 PMCID: PMC7732404 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8830200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The implementation of medical digital technologies can provide better accessibility and flexibility of healthcare for the public. It encompasses the availability of open information on the health, treatment, complications, and recent progress on biomedical research. At present, even in low-income countries, diagnostic and medical services are becoming more accessible and available. However, many issues related to digital health technologies remain unmet, including the reliability, safety, testing, and ethical aspects. PURPOSE The aim of the review is to discuss and analyze the recent progress on the application of big data, artificial intelligence, telemedicine, block-chain platforms, smart devices in healthcare, and medical education. Basic Design. The publication search was carried out using Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Sciences, Medline, Wiley Online Library, and CrossRef databases. The review highlights the applications of artificial intelligence, "big data," telemedicine and block-chain technologies, and smart devices (internet of things) for solving the real problems in healthcare and medical education. Major Findings. We identified 252 papers related to the digital health area. However, the number of papers discussed in the review was limited to 152 due to the exclusion criteria. The literature search demonstrated that digital health technologies became highly sought due to recent pandemics, including COVID-19. The disastrous dissemination of COVID-19 through all continents triggered the need for fast and effective solutions to localize, manage, and treat the viral infection. In this regard, the use of telemedicine and other e-health technologies might help to lessen the pressure on healthcare systems. Summary. Digital platforms can help optimize diagnosis, consulting, and treatment of patients. However, due to the lack of official regulations and recommendations, the stakeholders, including private and governmental organizations, are facing the problem with adequate validation and approbation of novel digital health technologies. In this regard, proper scientific research is required before a digital product is deployed for the healthcare sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksut Senbekov
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Timur Saliev
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | | | - Nazym Aitenova
- NJSC “Astana Medical University”, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Ildar Fakhradiyev
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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