1
|
Chen P, Song Q, Ma C, Yi Z, Bian L, Cheng S, Hao Z, Sun T, Wu P, Zeng Q. Multilayer stacked ultra-wideband perfect solar absorber and thermal emitter based on SiO 2-InAs-TiN nanofilm structure. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 38973455 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01626b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, a broadband solar absorber is constructed and simulated based on the finite difference time domain method (FDTD). The modeled structure of the absorber consists of cyclic stacking of five absorber cells with different periods on refractory metal W, where a single absorber cell is composed of a three-layer SiO2-InAs-TiN square film. Due to the Fabry-Perot resonance and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR), an absorptivity greater than 90% within a bandwidth of 2599.5 nm was achieved for the absorber. Notably, one of these bands, 2001 nm, is a high-efficiency absorption with an absorption rate greater than 99%. The average absorption efficiency reaches 99.31% at an air mass of 1.5 (AM 1.5), and the thermal radiation efficiencies are 97.35% and 97.83% at 1000 K and 1200 K, respectively. At the same time, the structure of the absorber is also polarization-independent, and when the solar incidence angle is increased to 60°, it still achieves an average absorption of 90.83% over the entire wavelength band (280 nm to 3000 nm). The novelty of our work is to provide a design idea based on a unit structure with multiple cycles, which can effectively expand the absorption bandwidth of the absorber in the visible-near-infrared wavelengths. The excellent performances make the structure widely used in the field of solar energy absorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- School of Mathematics and Science, Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, The State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Qianju Song
- School of Mathematics and Science, Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, The State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Can Ma
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Science City Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan Province 621000, China
| | - Zao Yi
- School of Mathematics and Science, Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, The State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Science City Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan Province 621000, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Liang Bian
- School of Mathematics and Science, Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, The State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Shubo Cheng
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Tangyou Sun
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Navigation Technology and Application, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Pinghui Wu
- College of Physics & Information Engineering, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Qingdong Zeng
- School of Physics and Electronic-information Engineering, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shui B, Yi Y, Ma C, Yi Z, Li G, Zeng L, Zeng Q, Wu P, Yi Y. Tunable bandwidth terahertz perfect absorption device based on vanadium dioxide phase transition control. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:10618-10625. [PMID: 38857028 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01158a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing the phase transition principle of VO2, this paper presents a tunable ultra-wideband terahertz perfect absorption device with simple structure and tunability. The proposed broadband terahertz perfect absorption device is a three-layer structure with a metal reflective layer, a silicon dioxide dielectric layer and a VO2 layer from bottom to top. It was found that the terahertz perfect absorption device's absorption could be dynamically adjusted from 1.2% to 99.9% when changing from an insulated to a metallic state. With the VO2 in the metallic state, the terahertz perfect absorption device has an absorption efficiency of more than 90% in 4.00 to 10.08 THz's ultra-broadband range and near-perfect absorption is achieved in the ranges of 4.71 THz to 5.16 THz and 7.74 THz to 8.06 THz. To explain the working principle of this terahertz perfect absorption device, this paper utilizes wave interference's principle, theory of impedance matching and electric field analysis. Compared to previously reported terahertz metamaterial devices, the vanadium dioxide device proposed in this paper is significantly optimized in terms of tunable range and absorption bandwidth. In addition, the terahertz perfect absorption device is polarization insensitive and maintains good absorptivity over a wide-angle incidence range. This tunable ultra-wideband terahertz perfect absorption device could have applications in the fields of modulation, stealth devices, and thermal emission devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Shui
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Yingting Yi
- College of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Can Ma
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Science City Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan Province 621000, China
| | - Zao Yi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Science City Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan Province 621000, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Gongfa Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Liangcai Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Qingdong Zeng
- School of Physics and Electronic-information Engineering, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China
| | - Pinghui Wu
- Office of Science & Technology, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Yougen Yi
- College of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Feng T, Gong C, Liang S, Yi Z, Yi Y, Ma C. Design and performance analysis of a mid-infrared broadband thermally tunable metamaterial absorption device based on the phase-change effect. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8033-8040. [PMID: 38651998 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00657g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
We propose a structurally simple, innovative, and multifunctional mid-infrared broadband thermally tunable metamaterial absorption device. The absorption device consists of a three-layer structure, from bottom to top: Ti substrate, SiO2 dielectric layer, and patterned VO2 layer. Through temperature control, the average absorption intensity of the absorption device can vary between 0.08 and 0.94. The absorption device's absorption mechanism is rooted in the thermal phase-change characteristics exhibited by the topologically patterned VO2. When the temperature is below 340 K, VO2 is in a dielectric state, resulting in near-total reflection performance in the mid-infrared range. When the temperature is above 340 K, VO2 undergoes a dielectric-to-metal transition, enabling the absorption device to achieve an average absorption rate of 94.12% in the ultra-wideband range of 6.26 μm-20.96 μm in the mid-infrared. This absorption range completely covers the atmospheric window wavelengths of 8 μm-14 μm, demonstrating high practical value. We explain the working mechanism of the absorption device from the perspective of the electromagnetic field. Subsequently, we study the variations in the absorption curve of the absorption device at different temperatures of VO2 and use the changes in the electric field at the same wavelength under different temperatures to explain the variations in absorption. Compared to previous work, our structure has only three layers in a single unit, making it easy to process and produce. Additionally, the absorption device's operating bandwidth and average absorption rate in the mid-infrared range have been significantly improved. Furthermore, the absorption device exhibits substantial incident angle tolerance and polarization insensitivity. We believe that this design has broad application potential in future optothermal conversion, infrared stealth, and thermal radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianquan Feng
- School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China.
| | - Chenyu Gong
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
| | - Shiri Liang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
| | - Zao Yi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Yuxuan Yi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Can Ma
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Science City Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan Province 621000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bao X, Yu S, Lu W, Hao Z, Yi Z, Cheng S, Tang B, Zhang J, Tang C, Yi Y. Tunable High-Sensitivity Four-Frequency Refractive Index Sensor Based on Graphene Metamaterial. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2658. [PMID: 38676275 PMCID: PMC11054719 DOI: 10.3390/s24082658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
As graphene-related technology advances, the benefits of graphene metamaterials become more apparent. In this study, a surface-isolated exciton-based absorber is built by running relevant simulations on graphene, which can achieve more than 98% perfect absorption at multiple frequencies in the MWIR (MediumWavelength Infra-Red (MWIR) band as compared to the typical absorber. The absorber consists of three layers: the bottom layer is gold, the middle layer is dielectric, and the top layer is patterned with graphene. Tunability was achieved by electrically altering graphene's Fermi energy, hence the position of the absorption peak. The influence of graphene's relaxation time on the sensor is discussed. Due to the symmetry of its structure, different angles of light source incidence have little effect on the absorption rate, leading to polarization insensitivity, especially for TE waves, and this absorber has polarization insensitivity at ultra-wide-angle degrees. The sensor is characterized by its tunability, polarisation insensitivity, and high sensitivity, with a sensitivity of up to 21.60 THz/refractive index unit (RIU). This paper demonstrates the feasibility of the multi-frequency sensor and provides a theoretical basis for the realization of the multi-frequency sensor. This makes it possible to apply it to high-sensitivity sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Bao
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process Testing Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; (X.B.); (W.L.)
| | - Shujun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (S.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Wenqiang Lu
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process Testing Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; (X.B.); (W.L.)
| | - Zhiqiang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (S.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zao Yi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process Testing Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; (X.B.); (W.L.)
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China;
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Shubo Cheng
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China;
| | - Bin Tang
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China;
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Physics, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China;
| | - Chaojun Tang
- College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China;
| | - Yougen Yi
- College of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang J, Li R, Zhang H, Wu Y, Wang Y, Yan C, Han C. Mid-infrared tunable absorber based on an Ag/SiO 2/VO 2/Ag/VO 2 multilayer structure and its molecular sensing capability. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:9995-10004. [PMID: 38571222 DOI: 10.1364/oe.516103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
We present a design of middle-infrared modulation absorbers based on vanadium dioxide (VO2). By using the electron beam evaporation technique, the Ag/SiO2/VO2/Ag/VO2 multilayer structure can achieve double band strong absorption in the mid-infrared, and dynamically adjust the absorption performance through VO2. The simulation results demonstrate a remarkable absorption rate of 91.8% and 98.9% at 9.09 µm and 10.25 µm, respectively. The high absorption is elucidated by analyzing the field strength distribution in each layer. Meanwhile, based on the phase change characteristics of VO2, the absorber has exceptional thermal regulation, with a remarkable 78% heat regulation range in the mid-infrared band. The size altering of the absorbing layer is effective in enhancing and optimizing the structure's absorption performance. The structure is used to characterize probe molecules of CV and R6 G by mid-infrared spectroscopy, which illustrates an impressive limit of detection (LOD) of 10-7 M for both substances. These results provide valuable insights for designing future high-performance tunable optical devices.
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu W, Zhou Z, Zhou J. Optimization of doping design for planar P-N homologous junction perovskite solar cells. Front Chem 2024; 12:1378332. [PMID: 38501045 PMCID: PMC10944973 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1378332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used the solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS) to analyse numerically the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) containing CH3NH3PbI3. The findings indicate that P-N homologous junction processing based on traditional P-I-N PSCs can enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE). Furthermore, the authors analyzed the effect of uniform P-N doping of CH3NH3PbI3, concluding that the photoelectric efficiency can be improved from 16.10% to 19.03% after doping. In addition, the optical properties of PSCs under solar irradiation are simulated using finite difference time-domain (FDTD) software under AM1.5. This method is applied to investigate the effect of the P-N uniform junction on the internal electric field generated within the cell. The generation of this electric field promotes carrier separation and transmission, ultimately increasing the open circuit voltage (VOC) of the solar cell from 1.03 to 1.12 V. The usage of P-N junctions enhances PSCs performance and exhibits vast potential for designing and developing PSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Liu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyou Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jicheng Zhou
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Hou B, Yang Y, Song Q, Yi Z, Zhou Z. An active controllable wide-angle and ultra-wideband terahertz absorber/reflector based on VO 2 metamaterial. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:6091-6098. [PMID: 38299724 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05844a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The use of metamaterials in the design of optics is an important strategy for controlling light fields. Numerous terahertz metamaterial devices have been recently designed; however, their performance is relatively limited. Here, the thermally induced phase change characteristics of vanadium dioxide (VO2) were harnessed to design a perfect wide-angle and ultra-wideband switchable terahertz absorber/reflector with a simple structure and three layers from top to bottom (VO2, SiO2, and Au). The absorption mechanism based on the impedance matching theory and electric field distribution was investigated, and the influence of structural parameters on the absorption rate and performance of the absorber in a wide wave vector range were analyzed. The study findings showed that the device perfectly absorbed a bandwidth of over 6.0 THz (absorption >90%). The absorption (reflection) was modulated from 0.01 to 0.999 with the change of the background temperature. More importantly, the device could switch between complete ultra-wideband reflection and perfect absorption over a wide angle range. This study provides important insights into the design of terahertz functional devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Bin Hou
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Yongjia Yang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Qianju Song
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Zao Yi
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Zigang Zhou
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fan B, Tang H, Wu P, Qiu Y, Jiang L, Lin L, Su J, Zhou B, Pan M. Actively Tunable "Single Peak/Broadband" Absorbent, Highly Sensitive Terahertz Smart Device Based on VO 2. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:208. [PMID: 38398936 PMCID: PMC10890599 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the development of terahertz (THz) technology has attracted significant attention. Various tunable devices for THz waves (0.1 THz-10 THz) have been proposed, including devices that modulate the amplitude, polarization, phase, and absorption. Traditional metal materials are often faced with the problem of non-adjustment, so the designed terahertz devices play a single role and do not have multiple uses, which greatly limits their development. As an excellent phase change material, VO2's properties can be transformed by external temperature stimulation, which provides new inspiration for the development of terahertz devices. To address these issues, this study innovatively combines metamaterials with phase change materials, leveraging their design flexibility and temperature-induced phase transition characteristics. We have designed a THz intelligent absorber that not only enables flexible switching between multiple functionalities but also achieves precise performance tuning through temperature stimulation. Furthermore, we have taken into consideration factors such as the polarization mode, environmental temperature, structural parameters, and incident angle, ensuring the device's process tolerance and environmental adaptability. Additionally, by exploiting the principle of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) accompanied by local field enhancement, we have monitored and analyzed the resonant process through electric field characterization. In summary, the innovative approach and superior performance of this structure provide broader insights and methods for THz device design, contributing to its theoretical research value. Moreover, the proposed absorber holds potential for practical applications in electromagnetic invisibility, shielding, modulation, and detection scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baodian Fan
- Key Laboratory of Green Perovskites Application of Fujian Provincial Universities, Fujian Jiangxia University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (B.F.); (Y.Q.); (L.J.); (L.L.)
| | - Hao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Information Functional Material for Fujian Higher Education, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; (H.T.); (P.W.); (J.S.); (B.Z.)
| | - Pinghui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Information Functional Material for Fujian Higher Education, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; (H.T.); (P.W.); (J.S.); (B.Z.)
| | - Yu Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Green Perovskites Application of Fujian Provincial Universities, Fujian Jiangxia University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (B.F.); (Y.Q.); (L.J.); (L.L.)
| | - Linqin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Perovskites Application of Fujian Provincial Universities, Fujian Jiangxia University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (B.F.); (Y.Q.); (L.J.); (L.L.)
| | - Lingyan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Perovskites Application of Fujian Provincial Universities, Fujian Jiangxia University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (B.F.); (Y.Q.); (L.J.); (L.L.)
| | - Jianzhi Su
- Key Laboratory of Information Functional Material for Fujian Higher Education, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; (H.T.); (P.W.); (J.S.); (B.Z.)
| | - Bomeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Information Functional Material for Fujian Higher Education, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; (H.T.); (P.W.); (J.S.); (B.Z.)
| | - Miao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Information Functional Material for Fujian Higher Education, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; (H.T.); (P.W.); (J.S.); (B.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Song Q, Cheng X, Liu T, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Yang Y, Chen H, Tang B, Chen J, Yi Z. Terahertz absorber based on vanadium dioxide with high sensitivity and switching capability between ultra-wideband and ultra-narrowband. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:29061-29069. [PMID: 37861653 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03709f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The terahertz perfect absorber can be applied in the control, sensing and modulation of optical fields in micro- and nanostructures. However, they are only single function, complex device structure and low sensing sensitivity. Based on this, by introducing the bound state in the continuum (BIC) with infinite quality factor and field enhancement effect, and taking advantage of the phase transition characteristics of vanadium dioxide (VO2), we designed a terahertz perfect absorber device which can actively switch between ultra-wideband and ultra-narrowband. The absorption mechanism is explained by multipole analysis theory, impedance matching theory and electromagnetic field distribution. The broadband absorption is mainly due to the electric dipole resonance on metallic VO2 materials, and the absorption is more than 99% across 3.64-6.96 THz, and it has excellent characteristics such as robustness. Ultra-narrowband perfect absorption has a quality factor greater than 2200 due mainly to the implementation of symmetrically protected BIC with a sensing sensitivity of 2.575 THz per RIU. Therefore, this research could be widely used in the fields of integrated optical circuits, optoelectronic sensing and perceptual modulation of energy, as well as providing additional design ideas for the design of terahertz multifunctional devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianli Song
- School of Mathematics and Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, The State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Xingxin Cheng
- School of Mathematics and Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, The State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- School of Mathematics and Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, The State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Yanyu Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, The State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Zigang Zhou
- School of Mathematics and Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, The State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Yongjia Yang
- School of Mathematics and Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, The State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Mathematics and Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, The State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Bin Tang
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213163, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zao Yi
- School of Mathematics and Science, School of Materials and Chemistry, The State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de-la-Huerta-Sainz S, Ballesteros A, Cordero NA. Electric Field Effects on Curved Graphene Quantum Dots. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:2035. [PMID: 38004893 PMCID: PMC10672820 DOI: 10.3390/mi14112035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The recent and continuous research on graphene-based systems has opened their usage to a wide range of applications due to their exotic properties. In this paper, we have studied the effects of an electric field on curved graphene nanoflakes, employing the Density Functional Theory. Both mechanical and electronic analyses of the system have been made through its curvature energy, dipolar moment, and quantum regeneration times, with the intensity and direction of a perpendicular electric field and flake curvature as parameters. A stabilisation of non-planar geometries has been observed, as well as opposite behaviours for both classical and revival times with respect to the direction of the external field. Our results show that it is possible to modify regeneration times using curvature and electric fields at the same time. This fine control in regeneration times could allow for the study of new phenomena on graphene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Angel Ballesteros
- Physics Department, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (S.d.-l.-H.-S.); (A.B.)
| | - Nicolás A. Cordero
- Physics Department, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (S.d.-l.-H.-S.); (A.B.)
- International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials for Advanced Industrial Technologies (ICCRAM), Unversidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
- Institute Carlos I for Theoretical and Computational Physics (IC1), 18016 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhu J, Xiong J. Logic operation and all-optical switch characteristics of graphene surface plasmons. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:36677-36690. [PMID: 38017813 DOI: 10.1364/oe.501242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz logic gates play a crucial role in optical signal processing and THz digitization. In this paper, we propose a design strategy for graphene-based metamaterial THz all-optical logic gate devices based on the induced transparency effect of surface isolated. Theoretically, we realize Boolean operations by coupling of a hexagonal graphene resonant cavity with dual embedded rotatable ellipses. Based on the coupled mode theory, the elliptical rotation angle of the resonator is an important factor affecting the PIT phenomenon. We control the logic input by adjusting the rotation angles of the two embedded ellipses. The analysis results show that: under the incidence of y-polarized light, the ellipse deflection angle of 0° represents the input signal '0', and the ellipse deflection angle of 30° represents the input signal '1'. Through numerical simulation, the structure realizes two logical operations of NAND and AND. Under the incidence of x-polarized light, the ellipse deflection angle of 0° represents the input signal '0', and the ellipse deflection angle of 90° represents the input signal '1'. Through numerical simulation, the structure realizes three logical operations of NAND, XNOR and OR. Finally, we analyze the performance of the logic gates by extinction ratio. The extinction ratio of the logic gate is up to 10.38 dB when performing OR Boolean operations. Numerically simulated all-optical logic gates can be key components of optical processing and telecommunication equipment.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhou W, Qin X, Lv M, Qiu L, Chen Z, Zhang F. Design of Plasmonic Photonic Crystal Fiber for Highly Sensitive Magnetic Field and Temperature Simultaneous Measurement. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1684. [PMID: 37763847 PMCID: PMC10538015 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
A high-sensitivity plasmonic photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor is designed and a metal thin film is embedded for achieving surface plasmon resonance (SPR), which can detect the magnetic field and temperature simultaneously. Within the plasmonic PCF sensor, the SPR sensing is accomplished by coating both the upper sensing channel (Ch1) and the lower sensing channel (Ch2) with gold film. In addition, the temperature-sensitive medium polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is chosen to fill in Ch1, allowing the sensor to respond to the temperature. The magnetic field-sensitive medium magnetic fluid (MF) is chosen to fill in Ch2, allowing this sensor to respond to the magnetic field. During these processes, this proposed SPR-PCF sensor can achieve dual-parameter sensing. The paper also investigates the electrical field characteristics, structural parameters and sensing performance using COMSOL. Finally, under the magnetic field range of 50-130 Oe, this sensor has magnetic field sensing sensitivities of 0 pm/Oe (Ch1) and 235 pm/Oe (Ch2). In addition, this paper also investigates the response of temperature. Under the temperature range of 20-40 °C, Ch1 and Ch2 have temperature sensitivities of -2000 pm/°C and 0 pm/°C, respectively. It is noteworthy that the two sensing channels respond to only a single physical parameter; this sensing performance is not common in dual-parameter sensing. Due to this sensing performance, it can be found that the magnetic field and temperature can be detected by this designed SPR-PCF sensor simultaneously without founding and calculating a sensing matrix. This sensing performance can solve the cross-sensitivity problem of magnetic field and temperature, thus reducing the measurement error. Since it can sense without a matrix, it further can solve the ill-conditioned matrix and nonlinear change in sensitivity problems in dual-parameter sensing. These excellent sensing capabilities are very important for carrying out multiparameter sensing in complicated environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhou
- Zhejiang Huayun Electric Power Engineering Design & Consultation Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xi Qin
- Zhejiang Huayun Electric Power Engineering Design & Consultation Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ming Lv
- Zhejiang Huayun Electric Power Engineering Design & Consultation Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lifeng Qiu
- Zhejiang Huayun Electric Power Engineering Design & Consultation Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zhongjiang Chen
- Zhejiang Huayun Electric Power Engineering Design & Consultation Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhu Y, Cai P, Zhang W, Meng T, Tang Y, Yi Z, Wei K, Li G, Tang B, Yi Y. Ultra-Wideband High-Efficiency Solar Absorber and Thermal Emitter Based on Semiconductor InAs Microstructures. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1597. [PMID: 37630133 PMCID: PMC10456737 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Since the use of chemical fuels is permanently damaging the environment, the need for new energy sources is urgent for mankind. Given that solar energy is a clean and sustainable energy source, this study investigates and proposes a six-layer composite ultra-wideband high-efficiency solar absorber with an annular microstructure. It achieves this by using a combination of the properties of metamaterials and the quantum confinement effects of semiconductor materials. The substrate is W-Ti-Al2O3, and the microstructure is an annular InAs-square InAs film-Ti film combination. We used Lumerical Solutions' FDTD solution program to simulate the absorber and calculate the model's absorption, field distribution, and thermal radiation efficiency (when it is used as a thermal emitter), and further explored the physical mechanism of the model's ultra-broadband absorption. Our model has an average absorption of 95.80% in the 283-3615 nm band, 95.66% in the 280-4000 nm band, and a weighted average absorption efficiency of 95.78% under AM1.5 illumination. Meanwhile, the reflectance of the model in the 5586-20,000 nm band is all higher than 80%, with an average reflectance of 94.52%, which has a good thermal infrared suppression performance. It is 95.42% under thermal radiation at 1000 K. It has outstanding performance when employed as a thermal emitter as well. Additionally, simulation results show that the absorber has good polarization and incidence angle insensitivity. The model may be applied to photodetection, thermophotovoltaics, bio-detection, imaging, thermal ion emission, and solar water evaporation for water purification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Zhu
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Friendly Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process Testing Technology of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - Pinggen Cai
- Department of Applied Physics, College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China;
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Friendly Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process Testing Technology of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - Tongyu Meng
- Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 124221, China;
| | - Yongjian Tang
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Friendly Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process Testing Technology of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - Zao Yi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Friendly Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process Testing Technology of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Kaihua Wei
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Gongfa Li
- Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China;
| | - Bin Tang
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China;
| | - Yougen Yi
- College of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen H, Li W, Zhu S, Hou A, Liu T, Xu J, Zhang X, Yi Z, Yi Y, Dai B. Study on the Thermal Distribution Characteristics of a Molten Quartz Ceramic Surface under Quartz Lamp Radiation. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1231. [PMID: 37374817 DOI: 10.3390/mi14061231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
More and more researchers are studying the heat transfer performance of aeronautical materials at high temperatures. In this paper, we use a quartz lamp to irradiate fused quartz ceramic materials, and the sample surface temperature and heat flux distribution were obtained at a heating power of 45~150 kW. Furthermore, the heat transfer properties of the material were analyzed using a finite element method and the effect of surface heat flow on the internal temperature field was investigated. The results show that the fiber skeleton structure has a significant effect on the thermal insulation performance of fiber-reinforced fused quartz ceramics and the longitudinal heat transfer along the rod fiber skeleton is slower. As time passes, the surface temperature distribution tends to stability and reaches an equilibrium state. The surface temperature of fused quartz ceramic increases with the increase in the radiant heat flux of the quartz lamp array. When the input power is 5 kW, the maximum surface temperature of the sample can reach 1153 °C. However, the non-uniformity of the sample surface temperature also increases, reaching a maximum uncertainty of 12.28%. The research in this paper provides important theoretical guidance for the heat insulation design of ultra-high acoustic velocity aircraft.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, School of Information Engineering, School of Mathematics and Science, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Wei Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, School of Information Engineering, School of Mathematics and Science, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Shimin Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, School of Information Engineering, School of Mathematics and Science, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Aiqiang Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, School of Information Engineering, School of Mathematics and Science, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Tao Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, School of Information Engineering, School of Mathematics and Science, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jiangshan Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, School of Information Engineering, School of Mathematics and Science, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, School of Information Engineering, School of Mathematics and Science, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Zao Yi
- The State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, School of Information Engineering, School of Mathematics and Science, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Yougen Yi
- College of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Bo Dai
- The State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, School of Information Engineering, School of Mathematics and Science, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Myers NM, Peña FJ, Cortés N, Vargas P. Multilayer Graphene as an Endoreversible Otto Engine. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091548. [PMID: 37177093 PMCID: PMC10180394 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We examine the performance of a finite-time, endoreversible Otto heat engine with a working medium of monolayer or multilayered graphene subjected to an external magnetic field. As the energy spectrum of multilayer graphene under an external magnetic field depends strongly on the number of layers, so too does its thermodynamic behavior. We show that this leads to a simple relationship between the engine efficiency and the number of layers of graphene in the working medium. Furthermore, we find that the efficiency at maximum power for bilayer and trilayer working mediums can exceed that of a classical endoreversible Otto cycle. Conversely, a working medium of monolayer graphene displays identical efficiency at maximum power to a classical working medium. These results demonstrate that layered graphene can be a useful material for the construction of efficient thermal machines for diverse quantum device applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan M Myers
- Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Francisco J Peña
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. España 1680, Valparaíso 11520, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in NanoBioPhysics (NNBP), Av. España 1680, Valparaíso 11520, Chile
| | - Natalia Cortés
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica Casilla 7D, Chile
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Patricio Vargas
- Departamento de Física, CEDENNA, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. España 1680, Valparaíso 11520, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wu F, Shi P, Yi Z, Li H, Yi Y. Ultra-Broadband Solar Absorber and High-Efficiency Thermal Emitter from UV to Mid-Infrared Spectrum. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:mi14050985. [PMID: 37241609 DOI: 10.3390/mi14050985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Solar energy is currently a very popular energy source because it is both clean and renewable. As a result, one of the main areas of research now is the investigation of solar absorbers with broad spectrum and high absorption efficiency. In this study, we create an absorber by superimposing three periodic Ti-Al2O3-Ti discs on a W-Ti-Al2O3 composite film structure. We evaluated the incident angle, structural components, and electromagnetic field distribution using the finite difference in time domain (FDTD) method in order to investigate the physical process by which the model achieves broadband absorption. We find that distinct wavelengths of tuned or resonant absorption may be produced by the Ti disk array and Al2O3 through near-field coupling, cavity-mode coupling, and plasmon resonance, all of which can effectively widen the absorption bandwidth. The findings indicate that the solar absorber's average absorption efficiency can range from 95.8% to 96% over the entire band range of 200 to 3100 nm, with the absorption bandwidth of 2811 nm (244-3055 nm) having the highest absorption rate. Additionally, the absorber only contains tungsten (W), titanium (Ti), and alumina (Al2O3), three materials with high melting points, which offers a strong assurance for the absorber's thermal stability. It also has a very high thermal radiation intensity, reaching a high radiation efficiency of 94.4% at 1000 K, and a weighted average absorption efficiency of 98.3% at AM1.5. Additionally, the incidence angle insensitivity of our suggested solar absorber is good (0-60°) and polarization independence is good (0-90°). These benefits enable a wide range of solar thermal photovoltaic applications for our absorber and offer numerous design options for the ideal absorber.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuyan Wu
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Pengcheng Shi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Zao Yi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Hailiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices & Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yougen Yi
- College of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jang DJ, Haidari MM, Kim JH, Ko JY, Yi Y, Choi JS. A Modified Wet Transfer Method for Eliminating Interfacial Impurities in Graphene. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091494. [PMID: 37177039 PMCID: PMC10179892 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Graphene has immense potential as a material for electronic devices owing to its unique electrical properties. However, large-area graphene produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) must be transferred from the as-grown copper substrate to an arbitrary substrate for device fabrication. The conventional wet transfer technique, which uses FeCl3 as a Cu etchant, leaves microscale impurities from the substrate, and the etchant adheres to graphene, thereby degrading its electrical performance. To address this limitation, this study introduces a modified transfer process that utilizes a temporary UV-treated SiO2 substrate to adsorb impurities from graphene before transferring it onto the final substrate. Optical microscopy and Raman mapping confirmed the adhesion of impurities to the temporary substrate, leading to a clean graphene/substrate interface. The retransferred graphene shows a reduction in electron-hole asymmetry and sheet resistance compared to conventionally transferred graphene, as confirmed by the transmission line model (TLM) and Hall effect measurements (HEMs). These results indicate that only the substrate effects remain in action in the retransferred graphene, and most of the effects of the impurities are eliminated. Overall, the modified transfer process is a promising method for obtaining high-quality graphene suitable for industrial-scale utilization in electronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jin Jang
- Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jin Hong Kim
- Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Yong Ko
- Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsik Yi
- Superintelligent Creative Research Laboratory, Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sik Choi
- Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lai R, Shi P, Yi Z, Li H, Yi Y. Triple-Band Surface Plasmon Resonance Metamaterial Absorber Based on Open-Ended Prohibited Sign Type Monolayer Graphene. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:mi14050953. [PMID: 37241576 DOI: 10.3390/mi14050953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper introduces a novel metamaterial absorber based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The absorber is capable of triple-mode perfect absorption, polarization independence, incident angle insensitivity, tunability, high sensitivity, and a high figure of merit (FOM). The structure of the absorber consists of a sandwiched stack: a top layer of single-layer graphene array with an open-ended prohibited sign type (OPST) pattern, a middle layer of thicker SiO2, and a bottom layer of the gold metal mirror (Au). The simulation of COMSOL software suggests it achieves perfect absorption at frequencies of fI = 4.04 THz, fII = 6.76 THz, and fIII = 9.40 THz, with absorption peaks of 99.404%, 99.353%, and 99.146%, respectively. These three resonant frequencies and corresponding absorption rates can be regulated by controlling the patterned graphene's geometric parameters or just adjusting the Fermi level (EF). Additionally, when the incident angle changes between 0~50°, the absorption peaks still reach 99% regardless of the kind of polarization. Finally, to test its refractive index sensing performance, this paper calculates the results of the structure under different environments which demonstrate maximum sensitivities in three modes: SI = 0.875 THz/RIU, SII = 1.250 THz/RIU, and SIII = 2.000 THz/RIU. The FOM can reach FOMI = 3.74 RIU-1, FOMII = 6.08 RIU-1, and FOMIII = 9.58 RIU-1. In conclusion, we provide a new approach for designing a tunable multi-band SPR metamaterial absorber with potential applications in photodetectors, active optoelectronic devices, and chemical sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runing Lai
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Pengcheng Shi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Zao Yi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Hailiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices & Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yougen Yi
- College of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bellagamba I, Boccuni F, Ferrante R, Tombolini F, Natale C, Marra F, Sarto MS, Iavicoli S. Occupational Exposure during the Production and the Spray Deposition of Graphene Nanoplatelets-Based Polymeric Coatings. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1378. [PMID: 37110963 PMCID: PMC10142999 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based polymer composites are innovative materials which have recently found wide application in many industrial sectors thanks to the combination of their enhanced properties. The production of such materials at the nanoscale and their handling in combination with other materials introduce growing concerns regarding workers' exposure to nano-sized materials. The present study aims to evaluate the nanomaterials emissions during the work phases required to produce an innovative graphene-based polymer coating made of a water-based polyurethane paint filled with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and deposited via the spray casting technique. For this purpose, a multi-metric exposure measurement strategy was adopted in accordance with the harmonized tiered approach published by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). As a result, potential GNPs release has been indicated near the operator in a restricted area not involving other workers. The ventilated hood inside the production laboratory guarantees a rapid reduction of particle number concentration levels, limiting the exposure time. Such findings allowed us to identify the work phases of the production process with a high risk of exposure by inhalation to GNPs and to define proper risk mitigation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bellagamba
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Astronautical, Electrical and Energy Engineering (DIAEE), Sapienza University of Rome, I-00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Boccuni
- Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority—Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Via Fontana Candida 1, I-00078 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ferrante
- Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority—Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Via Fontana Candida 1, I-00078 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Tombolini
- Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority—Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Via Fontana Candida 1, I-00078 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Natale
- Department of Astronautical, Electrical and Energy Engineering (DIAEE), Sapienza University of Rome, I-00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Marra
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Astronautical, Electrical and Energy Engineering (DIAEE), Sapienza University of Rome, I-00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Sabrina Sarto
- Research Center for Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, I-00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Astronautical, Electrical and Energy Engineering (DIAEE), Sapienza University of Rome, I-00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Iavicoli
- Directorate General for Communication and European and International Relations, Italian Ministry of Health, Lungotevere Ripa 1, I-00153 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hwang HJ, Kim SY, Lee SK, Lee BH. Reconfigurable Single-Layer Graphene Radio Frequency Antenna Device Capable of Changing Resonant Frequency. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1203. [PMID: 37049300 PMCID: PMC10097315 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A reconfigurable passive device that can manipulate its resonant frequency by controlling its quantum capacitance value without requiring complicated equipment has been experimentally investigated by modifying the Fermi level of large-area graphene using an external electric field. When the total capacitance change, caused by the gate bias in the passive graphene device, was increased to 60% compared to the initial state, a 6% shift in the resonant frequency could be achieved. While the signal characteristics of the graphene antenna are somewhat inferior compared to the conventional metal antenna, simplifying the device structure allowed reconfigurable characteristics to be implemented by using only the gate bias change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jun Hwang
- Center for Semiconductor Technology Convergence, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Cheongam-ro 77, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea; (H.J.H.); (S.-Y.K.)
| | - So-Young Kim
- Center for Semiconductor Technology Convergence, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Cheongam-ro 77, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea; (H.J.H.); (S.-Y.K.)
| | - Sang Kyung Lee
- Alphagraphene Inc. 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea;
| | - Byoung Hun Lee
- Center for Semiconductor Technology Convergence, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Cheongam-ro 77, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea; (H.J.H.); (S.-Y.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Oswald J, Beretta D, Stiefel M, Furrer R, Vuillaume D, Calame M. The Effect of C60 and Pentacene Adsorbates on the Electrical Properties of CVD Graphene on SiO 2. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1134. [PMID: 36986028 PMCID: PMC10052095 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is an excellent 2D material for vertical organic transistors electrodes due to its weak electrostatic screening and field-tunable work function, in addition to its high conductivity, flexibility and optical transparency. Nevertheless, the interaction between graphene and other carbon-based materials, including small organic molecules, can affect the graphene electrical properties and therefore, the device performances. This work investigates the effects of thermally evaporated C60 (n-type) and Pentacene (p-type) thin films on the in-plane charge transport properties of large area CVD graphene under vacuum. This study was performed on a population of 300 graphene field effect transistors. The output characteristic of the transistors revealed that a C60 thin film adsorbate increased the graphene hole density by (1.65 ± 0.36) × 1012 cm-2, whereas a Pentacene thin film increased the graphene electron density by (0.55 ± 0.54) × 1012 cm-2. Hence, C60 induced a graphene Fermi energy downshift of about 100 meV, while Pentacene induced a Fermi energy upshift of about 120 meV. In both cases, the increase in charge carriers was accompanied by a reduced charge mobility, which resulted in a larger graphene sheet resistance of about 3 kΩ at the Dirac point. Interestingly, the contact resistance, which varied in the range 200 Ω-1 kΩ, was not significantly affected by the deposition of the organic molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Oswald
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces Laboratory, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Davide Beretta
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces Laboratory, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Michael Stiefel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces Laboratory, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Roman Furrer
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces Laboratory, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Vuillaume
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institute for Electronic, Microelectronic and Nanotechnology (IEMN), 59652 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Michel Calame
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces Laboratory, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhu W, Yi Y, Yi Z, Bian L, Yang H, Zhang J, Yu Y, Liu C, Li G, Wu X. High confidence plasmonic sensor based on photonic crystal fibers with a U-shaped detection channel. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8583-8591. [PMID: 36883940 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04605a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the performance of optical fiber sensing and expand its application, a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) plasmonic sensor with a U-shaped channel based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed. We have studied the general influence rules of structural parameters such as the radius of the air hole, the thickness of the gold film and the number of U-shaped channels using COMSOL based on the finite element method. The dispersion curves and loss spectrum of the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) mode and the Y-polarization (Y-pol) mode as well as the distribution of the electric field intensity (normE) under various conditions are studied using the coupled mode theory. The maximum refractive index (RI) sensitivity achieved in the RI range of 1.38-1.43 is 24.1 μm RIU-1, which corresponds to a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 10.0 nm, a figure of merit (FOM) of 2410 RIU-1 and a resolution of 4.15 × 10-6 RIU. The results show that the proposed sensor combines the SPR effect, which is extremely sensitive to changes in the RI of the surrounding medium and realizes real-time detection of the external environment by analyzing the light signal modulated by the sensor. In addition, the detection range and sensitivity can be extended by adjusting the structural parameters. The proposed sensor has a simple structure with excellent sensing performance, which provides a new idea and implementation method for real-time detection, long-range measurement, complex environment monitoring and highly integrated sensing, and has a strong potential practical value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanlai Zhu
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process TestingTechnology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Yingting Yi
- College of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zao Yi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process TestingTechnology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Liang Bian
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process TestingTechnology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Hua Yang
- School of Science, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Physics, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
| | - Gongfa Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Xianwen Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li W, Ma J, Zhang H, Cheng S, Yang W, Yi Z, Yang H, Zhang J, Wu X, Wu P. Tunable broadband absorber based on a layered resonant structure with a Dirac semimetal. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8489-8496. [PMID: 36883439 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05562g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
With the development of science and technology, intermediate infrared technology has gained more and more attention in recent years. In the research described in this paper, a tunable broadband absorber based on a Dirac semimetal with a layered resonant structure was designed, which could achieve high absorption (more than 0.9) of about 8.7 THz in the frequency range of 18-28 THz. It was confirmed that the high absorption of the absorber comes from the strong resonance absorption between the layers, and the resonance of the localised surface plasmon. The absorber has a gold substrate, which is composed of three layers of Dirac semimetal and three layers of optical crystal plates. In addition, the resonance frequency of the absorber can be changed by adjusting the Fermi energy of the Dirac semimetal. The absorber also shows excellent characteristics such as tunability, absorption stability at different polarisation waves and incident angles, and has a high application value for use in radar countermeasures, biotechnology and other fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, China.
| | - Jing Ma
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, China.
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, China.
| | - Shubo Cheng
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, China.
| | - Wenxing Yang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, China.
| | - Zao Yi
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, China.
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, State Key Laboratory of EnvironmentFriendly Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process Testing Technology, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Hua Yang
- School of Science, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Physics, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Xianwen Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, China
| | - Pinghui Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Micro-nano Photonics Technology and Devices, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Luo X, Tan R, Li Q, Chen J, Xie Y, Peng J, Zeng M, Jiang M, Wu C, He Y. High-sensitivity long-range surface plasmon resonance sensing assisted by gold nanoring cavity arrays and nanocavity coupling. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:9273-9281. [PMID: 36919713 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05664j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
In many of the existing refractive index (RI) sensing works, only the shape and size of plasmonic structures are usually taken into account, while the parameters of spacer layers are ignored. In this publication, we explored the long-range surface plasmon resonance (LRSPR) and Fabry-Pérot resonance coupling effects of our proposed gold nanoring cavity array/spacer layer/Au mirror/glass substrate. Both the RI sensitivity and full width at half-maximum (FWHM) values were superior than those of conventional surface plasmon resonance substrates. We discussed the tunability of the RI sensitivity through changing the RI and thickness of the spacer layer. Then, under the optimized parameter conditions of the spacer layer, the geometry parameters (including size, gap and periodicity) of gold nanoring cavity arrays were tuned to optimize the best RI sensitivity. Finally, we broke the structural symmetry of a nanoring cavity to introduce Fano resonances into our system, and a high RI sensitivity and figure-of-merit (FOM) of 695 nm per RIU (refractive index unit) and 96.5, respectively, were achieved when the breaking angle θ was 30°. This study opens up many possibilities for boosting the FOM of RI sensing by taking into account the hybridization effects of localized surface plasmon resonance, LRSPR, and Fabry-Pérot and Fano resonances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Luo
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Tan
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China.
| | - Qiuju Li
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China.
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China.
| | - Yalin Xie
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China.
| | - Jiayi Peng
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China.
| | - Mei Zeng
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China.
| | - Minghang Jiang
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China.
| | - Caijun Wu
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China.
| | - Yi He
- School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kim SH, Jiang S, Lee SS. Direct CVD Growth of Transferable 3D Graphene for Sensitive and Flexible SERS Sensor. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1029. [PMID: 36985923 PMCID: PMC10052069 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) graphene (Gr) has been successfully grown on a patterned sapphire substrate (PSS) with very low mismatch between Gr and the sapphire nanostructure through metal-catalyst-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD). However, the transfer of the 3D Gr film without compromising the structural integrity of Gr is challenging because of the low etching rate of PSS. For easy and high-quality transfer of 3D Gr, we propose to coat a transfer-support layer (TSL) on PSS before direct CVD growth of 3D Gr. The TSL is directly deposited on PSS by atomic layer deposition without causing any structural changes in the substrate, as verified through atomic force microscopy (AFM). Few-layer 3D Gr is conformally produced along the surface of the TSL/PSS and successfully transferred onto a flexible substrate through wet-etching transfer, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, AFM, and Raman spectroscopy studies. We also present the fabrication of a sensitive and flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensor based on 3D Gr on PMMA with high detection performance for low concentrations of R6G (10-9 M). The proposed transfer method with TSL is expected to broaden the use of 3D graphene in next-generation device applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Han Kim
- Nano Device Application Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Shiru Jiang
- Nano Device Application Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Shin Lee
- Nano Device Application Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu C, Song J, Zhao G, Yin Y, Ding Q. Improving Thermal Conductivity and Tribological Performance of Polyimide by Filling Cu, CNT, and Graphene. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:616. [PMID: 36985023 PMCID: PMC10053350 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The thermal conductivity, mechanical, and tribological properties of polyimide (PI) composites filled by copper (Cu), carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene nanosheet (GNS), or combination were investigated by molecular dynamics simulation (MD). The simulated results suggested that Cu can improve thermal stability and thermal conductivity, but it reduces mechanical properties and tribological properties. CNT and GNS significantly improved the thermal and tribological properties at low content, but they decreased the properties at high content. In this study, the modification mechanism, friction, and wear mechanism of different fillers on polyimide were revealed by observing the frictional interface evolution process from the atomic scale, extracting the atomic relative concentration, the temperature and velocity distribution at the friction interface, and other microscopic information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Jingfu Song
- School of Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering, Jiangsu Maritime Institute, Nanjing 211170, China
| | - Gai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuhang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Qingjun Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Fabrication and Application of Ag, Black TiO2 and Nitrogen-Doped 3D Reduced Graphene Oxide (3D Black TiO2/Ag/N@rGO) Evaporator for Efficient Steam Generation. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The scarcity of fresh water, which is aggravated by rapid economic development and population growth, is a major threat to the modern world. Solar-driven interfacial desalination and steam generation is a promising strategy that localizes heat at the air-water interface through appropriate thermal management and demonstrates efficient photothermal performance. In the current study, Ag, black TiO2, and nitrogen-doped 3D reduced graphene oxide (3D black TiO2/Ag/N@rGO) hierarchical evaporator was fabricated, and its morphology, elemental composition, porosity, broadband solar absorption potential, photothermal performance, and interfacial desalination potential were assessed. The 3D solar evaporator showed efficient solar absorption over the entire broadband UV-visible near-infrared (UV-Vis NIR) region and demonstrated 99% photothermal conversion efficiency and potential freshwater generation of 1.43 kg·m−2 h−1. The specific surface area and porosity analyses demonstrated an ultrahigh specific surface area, high pore volume, and a mesoporous structure, with a predominant pore diameter of 4 nm. The strong photothermal performance can be attributed to the nitrogen doping of the rGO, which boosted the electrocatalytic and photothermal activity of the graphene through the activation of the excess free-flowing π electrons of the sp2 configuration of the graphene; the broadband solar absorption potential of the black TiO2; and the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of the AgNPs, which induced hot electron generation and enhanced photothermal conversion. Hence, the high photothermal conversion efficiency attained can be attributed to the synergistic photothermal performances of the individual components and the high interfacial surface area, abundant heat, and mass transfer microcavities of the 3D hierarchical porous solar absorber, offering multiple reflections of light and enhanced solar absorption. The study highlights the promising potential of the 3D evaporator for real-word interfacial desalination of seawater, helping to solve the water shortage problem sustainably.
Collapse
|
28
|
Lee B, Stokes GA, Valimukhametova A, Nguyen S, Gonzalez-Rodriguez R, Bhaloo A, Coffer J, Naumov AV. Automated Approach to In Vitro Image-Guided Photothermal Therapy with Top-Down and Bottom-Up-Synthesized Graphene Quantum Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:805. [PMID: 36903683 PMCID: PMC10005083 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials have been the subject of interest for photothermal therapy due to their high light-to-heat conversion efficiency. Based on recent studies, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are expected to possess advantageous photothermal properties and facilitate fluorescence image-tracking in the visible and near-infrared (NIR), while surpassing other graphene-based materials in their biocompatibility. Several GQD structures including reduced graphene quantum dots (RGQDs) derived from reduced graphene oxide via top-down oxidation and hyaluronic acid graphene quantum dots (HGQDs) hydrothermally bottom-up synthesized from molecular hyaluronic acid were employed to test these capabilities in the present work. These GQDs possess substantial NIR absorption and fluorescence throughout the visible and NIR beneficial for in vivo imaging while being biocompatible at up to 1.7 mg/mL concentrations. In aqueous suspensions, RGQDs and HGQDs irradiated with a low power (0.9 W/cm2) 808 nm NIR laser facilitate a temperature increase up to 47.0 °C, which is sufficient for cancer tumor ablation. In vitro photothermal experiments sampling multiple conditions directly in the 96-well plate were performed using an automated simultaneous irradiation/measurement system developed on the basis of a 3D printer. In this study, HGQDs and RGQDs facilitated the heating of HeLa cancer cells up to 54.5 °C, leading to the drastic inhibition of cell viability from over 80% down to 22.9%. GQD's fluorescence in the visible and NIR traces their successful internalization into HeLa cells maximized at 20 h suggesting both extracellular and intracellular photothermal treatment capabilities. The combination of the photothermal and imaging modalities tested in vitro makes the GQDs developed in this work prospective agents for cancer theragnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bong Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Gretel A. Stokes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Alina Valimukhametova
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Steven Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | | | - Adam Bhaloo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Jeffery Coffer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Anton V. Naumov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Velasco A, Ryu YK, Hamada A, de Andrés A, Calle F, Martinez J. Laser-Induced Graphene Microsupercapacitors: Structure, Quality, and Performance. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13050788. [PMID: 36903673 PMCID: PMC10005378 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is a graphenic material synthesized from a polymeric substrate through point-by-point laser pyrolysis. It is a fast and cost-effective technique, and it is ideal for flexible electronics and energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors. However, the miniaturization of the thicknesses of the devices, which is important for these applications, has still not been fully explored. Therefore, this work presents an optimized set of laser conditions to fabricate high-quality LIG microsupercapacitors (MSC) from 60 µm thick polyimide substrates. This is achieved by correlating their structural morphology, material quality, and electrochemical performance. The fabricated devices show a high capacitance of 22.2 mF/cm2 at 0.05 mA/cm2, as well as energy and power densities comparable to those of similar devices that are hybridized with pseudocapacitive elements. The performed structural characterization confirms that the LIG material is composed of high-quality multilayer graphene nanoflakes with good structural continuity and an optimal porosity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andres Velasco
- Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Av. Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Av. Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yu Kyoung Ryu
- Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Av. Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (Y.K.R.); (J.M.)
| | - Assia Hamada
- Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Av. Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia de Andrés
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Calle
- Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Av. Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Av. Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Martinez
- Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Av. Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Profesor Aranguren s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (Y.K.R.); (J.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bahrami M, Vasilopoulos P. Transverse Magnetic Surface Plasmons in Graphene Nanoribbon Qubits: The Influence of a VO 2 Substrate. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:718. [PMID: 36839087 PMCID: PMC9965028 DOI: 10.3390/nano13040718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We study the influence of the phase-change material VO2 on transverse magnetic (TM) surface plasmon (SP) modes in metallic arm-chair graphene nanoribbon (AGNR) qubits in the Lindhard approximation. We assess the effects of temperature as a dynamic knob for the transition from the insulating to the metallic phase on the TM SP modes in single-band (SB) and two-band (TB) transitions. We show that a VO2 substrate leads to TM SP modes in both SB and TB transitions. In addition, we observe that the SP modes have a lower frequency than those for a substrate of constant permittivity. In addition, we study the influence of the substrate-induced band gap Δ' on SP modes in TB transitions for the insulating and metallic phases of VO2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Bahrami
- Bita Quantum AI Inc., 2021 Av. Atwater, Montréal, QC H3H 2P2, Canada
| | - Panagiotis Vasilopoulos
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Ouest, Montréal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Junge F, Auge M, Zarkua Z, Hofsäss H. Lateral Controlled Doping and Defect Engineering of Graphene by Ultra-Low-Energy Ion Implantation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:658. [PMID: 36839025 PMCID: PMC9964514 DOI: 10.3390/nano13040658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the effectiveness of ultra-low-energy ion implantation as a means of defect engineering in graphene was explored through the measurement of Scanning Kelvin Probe Microscopy (SKPM) and Raman spectroscopy, with boron (B) and helium (He) ions being implanted into monolayer graphene samples. We used electrostatic masks to create a doped and non-doped region in one single implantation step. For verification we measured the surface potential profile along the sample and proved the feasibility of lateral controllable doping. In another experiment, a voltage gradient was applied across the graphene layer in order to implant helium at different energies and thus perform an ion-energy-dependent investigation of the implantation damage of the graphene. For this purpose Raman measurements were performed, which show the different damage due to the various ion energies. Finally, ion implantation simulations were conducted to evaluate damage formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Junge
- II. Institute of Physics, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Manuel Auge
- II. Institute of Physics, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Zviadi Zarkua
- Quantum Solid State Physics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Hofsäss
- II. Institute of Physics, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Patel SK, Surve J, Parmar J, Aliqab K, Alsharari M, Armghan A. SARS-CoV-2 detecting rapid metasurface-based sensor. DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS 2023; 132:109644. [PMID: 36575667 PMCID: PMC9780024 DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2022.109644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We have proposed a novel approach to detect COVID-19 by detecting the ethyl butanoate which high volume ratio is present in the exhaled breath of a COVID-19 infected person. We have employed a refractive index sensor (RIS) with the help of a metasurface-based slotted T-shape perfect absorber that can detect ethyl butanoate present in exhaled breath of COVID-19 infected person with high sensitivity and in-process SARS-CoV-2. The optimized structure of the sensor is obtained by varying several structure parameters including structure length and thickness, slotted T-shape resonator length, width, and thickness. Sensor's performance is evaluated based on numerous factors comprising of sensitivity, Q factor, detection limit, a figure of merit (FOM), detection accuracy, and other performance defining parameters. The proposed slotted T-shape RIS achieved the largest sensitivity of 2500 nm/RIU, Q factor of 131.06, a FOM of 131.58 RIU-1, detection limit of 0.0224 RIU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit K Patel
- Department of Computer Engineering, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat - 360003, India
| | - Jaymit Surve
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat - 360003, India
| | - Juveriya Parmar
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1400 R St., NE 68588, USA
| | - Khaled Aliqab
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari Alsharari
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Armghan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Baskakov SA, Baskakova YV, Kabachkov EN, Dvoretskaya EV, Krasnikova SS, Korepanov VI, Michtchenko A, Shulga YM. On the State of Graphene Oxide Nanosheet in a Polyurethane Matrix. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:553. [PMID: 36770514 PMCID: PMC9921786 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Thermally stable films were obtained from a water-based polyurethane (PU) dispersion with small (0.1-1.5 wt.%) additions of graphene oxide (GO). The films were studied through elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, differential thermogravimetry, and Raman spectroscopy. It was found that the introduction of GO into a PU matrix was accompanied by a partial reduction in graphene oxide nanosheet and an increase in the concentration of defects in GO structure. It has been also established that the [C/N]at ratio in the near-surface layer of PU/GO composite films grows with an increase in the content of graphene oxide in the composite films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Baskakov
- Federal Research Center of Problem of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia V. Baskakova
- Federal Research Center of Problem of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugene N. Kabachkov
- Federal Research Center of Problem of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elizaveta V. Dvoretskaya
- Federal Research Center of Problem of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana S. Krasnikova
- Federal Research Center of Problem of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly I. Korepanov
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandre Michtchenko
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, SEPI-ESIME-Zacatenco, Av. IPN S/N, Ed.5, 3-r piso, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Yury M. Shulga
- Federal Research Center of Problem of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chang Q, Liu Z, Liu Z, Fu G, Liu X, Liu G. Silicon-based asymmetric dimer-resonator grating for narrowband perfect absorption and sensing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:4190-4198. [PMID: 36785393 DOI: 10.1364/oe.480524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a method for designing an ultra-narrowband absorber platform is presented with asymmetric silicon-based dimer-resonators grating. Within the infrared range of 3000 ∼ 4000 nm, two narrowband absorption peaks with absorptivity greater than 99% are produced by the absorber. Moreover, during the optical sensing, such an absorber platform shows high-performance sensitivity factors for the absorption wavelengths at λ1 = 3468 nm (S = 3193 nm/RIU, FOM = 532) and at λ2 = 3562 nm (S = 3120 nm/RIU, FOM = 390). Strong scattering coupling and the magnetic resonances supported in this silicon based grating produce the high absorption. Otherwise, additional methods such as the polarization and incident angles are used to further tune the absorption responses in the intensity and wavelengths, indicating the feasibility for artificial manipulations. The achieved ultra-sharp perfect absorption and the related sensitive response hold the silicon based resonant scheme with wide applications in bio-sensing, spectral filtering and other fields.
Collapse
|
35
|
Cano PHZ, Amanatiadis S, Zaharis ZD, Yioultsis TV, Lazaridis PI, Kantartzis NV. Robust FDTD Modeling of Graphene-Based Conductive Materials with Transient Features for Advanced Antenna Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:384. [PMID: 36770346 PMCID: PMC9920562 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The accurate modeling of frequency-dispersive materials is a challenging task, especially when a scheme with a transient nature is utilized, as it is the case of the finite-difference time-domain method. In this work, a novel implementation for the modeling of graphene-oriented dispersive materials via the piecewise linear recursive convolution scheme, is introduced, while the time-varying conductivity feature is, additionally, launched. The proposed algorithm is employed to design a reduced graphene-oxide antenna operating at 6 GHz. The transient response to graphene's conductivity variations is thoroughly studied and a strategy to enhance the antenna performance by exploiting the time-varying graphene oxide is proposed. Finally, the use of the featured antenna for modern sensing applications is demonstrated through the real-time monitoring of voltage variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo H. Zapata Cano
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stamatios Amanatiadis
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zaharias D. Zaharis
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Traianos V. Yioultsis
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pavlos I. Lazaridis
- School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Nikolaos V. Kantartzis
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
A Novel Synthesis of Rod-Shape BaNiSn-Graphene Decorated TiO2 Composite as a Ternary Photocatalyst to Improve Visible-Light Driven H2 Evolution with Lactic Acid and TEA. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-023-02533-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
37
|
Zhang J, Ma J, Sun X, Yi Z, Xian T, Wu X, Liu G, Wang X, Yang H. Construction of Z-Scheme Ag 2MoO 4/ZnWO 4 Heterojunctions for Photocatalytically Removing Pollutants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:1159-1172. [PMID: 36628490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Facilitation of the photocarrier separation is a crucial strategy for developing highly efficient photocatalysts in eliminating environmental pollutants. Herein we have developed a new kind of Ag2MoO4/ZnWO4 (AMO/ZWO) composite photocatalysts with a Z-scheme mechanism by anchoring AMO nanoparticles onto ZWO nanorods. Multiple characterization methodologies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to study the performances of the AMO/ZWO heterojunctions as well as the underlying photocatalytic mechanism. Simulated-sunlight-driven photodegradation experiments for removing methylene blue (MB) demonstrates that the 8%AMO/ZWO heterojunction can photocatalytically remove 99.8% of MB within 60 min, and the reaction rate constant is obtained as 0.10199 min-1, which is enhanced by 6.8 (or 4.9) times when compared with that of pure ZWO (or AMO). On the base of the experimental results and DFT calculations, the enhanced photocatalytic mechanism of the AMO/ZWO heterojunctions was revealed to be the efficient separation of photocarriers via a Z-scheme transfer process. In addition, photodegradion of various organic pollutants over 8%AMO/ZWO was further compared and aimed at incorporating it into industrial application in pollutant removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zao Yi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621010, China
| | - Tao Xian
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining810008, China
| | - Xianwen Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou416000, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mondal A, Biswas C, Lee YH. Boosting Phototransistor Performance in Monolayer TMDs via Multiple Reflections from DBR. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:1677-1682. [PMID: 36643443 PMCID: PMC9835190 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are intensively studied for high-performance phototransistors. However, the device performance is limited by the single photoexcitation. Here, we show a unique strategy in which phototransistor performance can be boosted by fabricating the device on top of a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR). Monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and tungsten disulfide (WS2) phototransistors were fabricated on DBR and SiO2 substrates for comparison. Furthermore, phototransistor performances including photocurrent, responsivity, photoinduced mobility, and subthreshold swing highlight 582 times enhancement in photoresponsivity ratio and 350 times enhancement in photocurrent ratio in the DBR sample using transparent graphene electrode and hBN encapsulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Mondal
- Center
for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Chandan Biswas
- Center
for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Center
for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Al Mahmud H, Patil SU, Radue MS, Odegard GM. Probing the Influence of Surface Chemical Functionalization on Graphene Nanoplatelets-Epoxy Interfacial Shear Strength Using Molecular Dynamics. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:287. [PMID: 36678040 PMCID: PMC9864781 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a characterization study of the interfacial interaction between different types of graphene nanoplatelets and an epoxy matrix is computationally performed. To quantify the discrete mutual graphene-epoxy "interfacial interaction energy" (IIE) within the nanocomposite, molecular dynamics simulations with a reactive force field are performed on a localized model of the suggested nanocomposite. Pull-out molecular dynamics simulations are also performed to predict the interfacial shear strength between the two constituents. The results indicate a significant increase in interfacial adhesion of functionalized nanoplatelets with the hosting epoxy matrix relative to virgin graphene nanoplatelets. The obtained results also demonstrate a dramatic increase in the interfacial interaction energy (IIE) (up to 570.0%) of the functionalized graphene/epoxy nanocomposites relative to the unmodified graphene/epoxy nanocomposites. In the same context, the surface functionalization of graphene nanoplatelets with the polymer matrix leads to a significant increase in the interfacial shear strength (ISS) (up to 750 times). The reported findings in this paper are essential and critical to producing the next generation of lightweight and ultra-strong polymer-based nanocomposite structural materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hashim Al Mahmud
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kufa, Najaf 54001, Iraq
- Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931-1295, USA
| | - Sagar U. Patil
- Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931-1295, USA
| | - Matthew S. Radue
- Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931-1295, USA
| | - Gregory M. Odegard
- Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931-1295, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kesavan S, Kumar DR, Dhakal G, Kim WK, Lee YR, Shim JJ. Poly(caffeic acid) Redox Couple Decorated on Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide for Electrocatalytic Sensing Free Chlorine in Drinking Water. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:nano13010151. [PMID: 36616061 PMCID: PMC9824798 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Regular water quality measurements are essential to the public water supply. Moreover, selective free chlorine (disinfectant) level monitoring without an interfering agent is necessary. The present work aimed to fabricate poly(caffeic acid) (p-CFA) coated on an electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) surface for the selective detection of free chlorine. Electron microscopy and various spectroscopic techniques confirmed the p-CFA@ERGO/glassy carbon (GC) electrode. The p-CFA@ERGO/GC coated probe surface coverage was calculated to be 4.75 × 10-11 mol cm-2. The p-CFA@ERGO/GC showed superior catechol/o-quinone oxidation/reduction peaks for electrocatalytic free chlorine determination. The performance of the developed sensor electrode was outstanding, with an extensive range of free chlorine detection (20 μM to 20 mM), high sensitivity (0.0361 µA µM-1), and low detection limit (0.03 µM). The p-CFA@ERGO/GC capability of the realist water samples, such as the tested commercial and tap water, yielded a good range of recovery (from 98.5% to 99.9%). These values align with the standard N,N'-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine reagent method results.
Collapse
|
41
|
Saud A, Saleem H, Munira N, Shahab AA, Rahman Siddiqui H, Zaidi SJ. Sustainable Preparation of Graphene Quantum Dots for Metal Ion Sensing Application. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:148. [PMID: 36616057 PMCID: PMC9823882 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Over the past several years, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been extensively studied in water treatment and sensing applications because of their exceptional structure-related properties, intrinsic inert carbon property, eco-friendly nature, etc. This work reported on the preparation of GQDs from the ethanolic extracts of eucalyptus tree leaves by a hydrothermal treatment technique. Different heat treatment times and temperatures were used during the hydrothermal treatment technique. The optical, morphological, and compositional analyses of the green-synthesized GQDs were carried out. It can be noted that the product yield of GQDs showed the maximum yield at a reaction temperature of 300 °C. Further, it was noted that at a treatment period of 480 min, the greatest product yield of about 44.34% was attained. The quantum yields of prepared GQDs obtained after 480 min of treatment at 300 °C (named as GQD/300) were noted to be 0.069. Moreover, the D/G ratio of GQD/300 was noted to be 0.532 and this suggested that the GQD/300 developed has a nano-crystalline graphite structure. The TEM images demonstrated the development of GQD/300 with sizes between 2.0 to 5.0 nm. Furthermore, it was noted that the GQD/300 can detect Fe3+ in a very selective manner, and hence the developed GQD/300 was successfully used for the metal ion sensing application.
Collapse
|
42
|
Rabchinskii MK, Shnitov VV, Brzhezinskaya M, Baidakova MV, Stolyarova DY, Ryzhkov SA, Saveliev SD, Shvidchenko AV, Nefedov DY, Antonenko AO, Pavlov SV, Kislenko VA, Kislenko SA, Brunkov PN. Manifesting Epoxide and Hydroxyl Groups in XPS Spectra and Valence Band of Graphene Derivatives. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:nano13010023. [PMID: 36615934 PMCID: PMC9823558 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The derivatization of graphene to engineer its band structure is a subject of significant attention nowadays, extending the frames of graphene material applications in the fields of catalysis, sensing, and energy harvesting. Yet, the accurate identification of a certain group and its effect on graphene's electronic structure is an intricate question. Herein, we propose the advanced fingerprinting of the epoxide and hydroxyl groups on the graphene layers via core-level methods and reveal the modification of their valence band (VB) upon the introduction of these oxygen functionalities. The distinctive contribution of epoxide and hydroxyl groups to the C 1s X-ray photoelectron spectra was indicated experimentally, allowing the quantitative characterization of each group, not just their sum. The appearance of a set of localized states in graphene's VB related to the molecular orbitals of the introduced functionalities was signified both experimentally and theoretically. Applying the density functional theory calculations, the impact of the localized states corresponding to the molecular orbitals of the hydroxyl and epoxide groups was decomposed. Altogether, these findings unveiled the particular contribution of the epoxide and hydroxyl groups to the core-level spectra and band structure of graphene derivatives, advancing graphene functionalization as a tool to engineer its physical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Brzhezinskaya
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Dina Yu. Stolyarova
- NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Ryzhkov
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya St. 26, 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Denis Yu. Nefedov
- St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7–9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Sergey V. Pavlov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of RAS, Izhorskaya St. 13/2, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaliy A. Kislenko
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of RAS, Izhorskaya St. 13/2, 125412 Moscow, Russia
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Kislenko
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of RAS, Izhorskaya St. 13/2, 125412 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel N. Brunkov
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya St. 26, 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ganesh S, Thambiliyagodage C, Perera SVTJ, Rajapakse RKND. Influence of Laboratory Synthesized Graphene Oxide on the Morphology and Properties of Cement Mortar. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:18. [PMID: 36615928 PMCID: PMC9824886 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of Graphene Oxide (GO), a nanomaterial, has shown considerable promise in improving the mechanical properties of cement composites. However, the reasons for this improvement are not yet fully understood and demand further research. This study aims to understand the effect of laboratory-produced GO, using Tour's method, on the mechanical properties and morphology of cement mortar containing GO. The GO was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XRD), X-ray powder diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy alongside Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This study adopted a cement mortar with GO percentages of 0.02, 0.025, 0.03, 0.035, and 0.04 with respect to the weight of the cement. The presence of GO in cement mortar increased the density and decreased the consistency and setting times. At the optimum of 0.03% GO viscous suspension, the mechanical properties such as the 28-day compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength were enhanced by 41%, 83%, and 43%, respectively. In addition, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis indicates an increase in surface area and volume of micropores of GO cement mortar, resulting in a decreased volume of mesopores. The improvement in properties was due to increased nucleation sites, calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) density, and a decreased volume of mesopores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suganthiny Ganesh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology (SLIIT), Colombo 10115, Sri Lanka
| | - Charitha Thambiliyagodage
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology (SLIIT), Colombo 10115, Sri Lanka
| | - S. V. T. Janaka Perera
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology (SLIIT), Colombo 10115, Sri Lanka
| | - R. K. N. D. Rajapakse
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology (SLIIT), Colombo 10115, Sri Lanka
- Faculty of Applied Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 0A7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Mutepfe CDK, Srivastava VM. Design and Implementation of Graphene-Based Tunable Microwave Filter for THz Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4443. [PMID: 36558294 PMCID: PMC9783582 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A reconfigurable Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (SIW) filter operating in the THz region was designed in this work. Two SIW resonators were coupled through a magnetic iris to form a second-order filter with a double-layer substrate. The first substrate was silicon of permittivity 11.9; on top of it, silicon dioxide of permittivity 3.9 was placed. The ground and upper plane were composed of gold plates. Graphene material was then used for the tunability of the filter. A thin graphene sheet was sandwiched between the silicon dioxide substrate and the upper gold plate. An external DC bias voltage was then applied to change the chemical potential of graphene, which, in turn, managed to change the operational center frequency of the filter within the range of 1.289 THz to 1.297 THz, which translated to a bandwidth range of 8 GHz. The second part of this work centered on changing the aspect ratio of the graphene patch to change the center frequency. It was observed that the frequency changed within the range of 1.2908 THz to 1.2929 THz, which gave a bandwidth of 2.1 GHz change.
Collapse
|
45
|
In-Situ Catalytic Preparation of Two-Dimensional BCN/Graphene Composite for Anti-Corrosion Application. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12121618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In-situ catalytic growth of two-dimensional materials shows great potential for metal surface protection because of the impermeability and strong interaction of the materials with metal surfaces. Two-dimensional hexagonal boron-carbon nitrogen (h-BCN) is composed of alternating boron, carbon, and nitrogen atoms in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice, which is similar to graphene. The corrosion caused by defects such as grain boundary of two-dimensional materials can be weakened by dislocation overlap via the transfer method. However, two-dimensional composite films prepared using the transfer method have problems, such as the introduction of impurities and poor adhesion, which limit their corrosion resistance. In this study, a layer of BCN/Gr two-dimensional composite was directly grown on the surface of copper foil using the CVD in-situ catalysis method, and its anti-corrosion performance was characterized by electrochemical and salt spray experiments. The results showed that the directly grown two-dimensional composite had better adhesion to the substrate and the advantage of grain boundary dislocation, thus showing a better anti-corrosion capability.
Collapse
|
46
|
Novikova A, Karabchevsky A. Green Extraction of Graphene from Natural Mineral Shungite. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4356. [PMID: 36558210 PMCID: PMC9787502 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Conventional fabrication methods to produce graphene are cumbersome, expensive, and not ecologically friendly. This is due to the fact that the processing of a large volume of raw materials requires large amounts of acids and alkalis which, in turn, require special disposal. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new technologies or to refine existing ones for the production of graphene-and to create new, ecologically-safe and effective methods. Here, we utilized physical sonication to extract graphene films from natural mineral shungite rock. From our study of the structure of shungite by Raman spectrometry and X-ray phase analysis, we found that shungite is characterized by graphite-like mineral structures. Transmission electron microscopy images obtained from the processed material revealed graphene films-with surfaces as small as 200 nanometers long and several layers wide. Our green method of fabicating graphene can be widely used in a variety of fields, from electro-optics to ecology, to list a few.
Collapse
|
47
|
Choi J, Park SG, Choi YJ, Baek SM, Kim HJ, Kim Y, Im KS, An SJ. Viscosity-Controllable Graphene Oxide Colloids Using Electrophoretically Deposited Graphene Oxide Sheets. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:2157. [PMID: 36557456 PMCID: PMC9784829 DOI: 10.3390/mi13122157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is one of the interesting ink materials owing to its fascinating properties, such as high dissolubility in water and high controllable electric properties. For versatile printing application, the viscosity of GO colloids should be controlled in order to meet the specific process requirements. Here, we report on the relatively rapid fabrication of viscosity-increased GO (VIGO) colloids mixed with electrophoretically deposited GO sheets (EPD-GO). As the GO colloid concentration, applied voltage, and deposition time increase, the viscosity of the GO colloids becomes high. The reason for the improved viscosity of GO colloids is because EPD-GO has parallel stacked GO sheets. The GO and VIGO colloids are compared and characterized using various chemical and structural analyzers. Consequently, our simple and fast method for the fabrication of GO colloids with enhanced viscosity can be used for producing inks for flexible and printed electronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinseok Choi
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Park
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Jin Choi
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Mun Baek
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Jung Kim
- Nano Electronic Materials and Components Research Center, Gumi Electronics and Information Technology Research Institute, Gumi 39171, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonkap Kim
- Nano Electronic Materials and Components Research Center, Gumi Electronics and Information Technology Research Institute, Gumi 39171, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Sik Im
- Department of Green Semiconductor System, Daegu Campus, Korea Polytechnics, Daegu 41765, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin An
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Checking the Efficiency of a Magnetic Graphene Oxide–Titania Material for Catalytic and Photocatalytic Ozonation Reactions in Water. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12121587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An easily recoverable photo-catalyst in solid form has been synthesized and applied in catalytic ozonation in the presence of primidone. Maghemite, graphene oxide and titania (FeGOTi) constituted the solid. Additionally, titania (TiO2) and graphene oxide–titania (GOTi) catalysts were also tested for comparative reasons. The main characteristics of FeGOTi were 144 m2/g of surface area; a 1.29 Raman D and G band intensity ratio; a 26-emu g−1 magnetic moment; maghemite, anatase and brookite main crystalline forms; and a 1.83 eV band gap so the catalyst can absorb up to the visible red region (677 nm). Single ozonation, photolysis, photolytic ozonation (PhOz), catalytic ozonation (CatOz) and photocatalytic ozonation (PhCatOz) were applied to remove primidone. In the presence of ozone, the complete removal of primidone was experienced in less than 15 min. In terms of mineralization, the best catalyst was GOTi in the PhCatOz processes (100% mineralization in 2 h). Meanwhile, the FeGOTi catalyst was the most efficient in CatOz. FeGOTi led, in all cases, to the highest formation of HO radicals and the lowest ozone demand. The reuse of the FeGOTi catalyst led to some loss of mineralization efficacy after four runs, likely due to C deposition, the small lixiviation of graphene oxide and Fe oxidation.
Collapse
|
49
|
Consecutive Ink Writing of Conducting Polymer and Graphene Composite Electrodes for Foldable Electronics-Related Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235294. [PMID: 36501688 PMCID: PMC9736600 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
For foldable electronic devices of the future, most components should have very good flexibility and reliability to maintain electrical properties even under repeated deformation. In this study, two types of inks for conducting polymer and graphene were simultaneously printed on flexible plastic substrates via the newly developed consecutive ink writing (CIW) process for the formation of composite electrodes of foldable electronic devices. To consecutively print conducting polymer ink and graphene ink, a conventional three-dimensional (3D) printer was modified by installing two needles in the printer head, and the two inks were printed through the nozzle in the same route with a time interval. By adjusting several printing conditions (ink concentration, printing parameters, printing time intervals between the two inks, etc.), various structures of composite electrodes, such as layered or fused 2D or 3D structures were developed on the glass substrate. Furthermore, by changing the printing order of the two inks and 3D printer bed temperature, the composite electrodes with a higher printing resolution were successfully printed on the flexible polyimide substrate. The printed composite electrodes via CIW process exhibit the lowest surface electrical resistance of 0.9 kΩ and high flexibility, and stable resistance values were maintained after 1000 cycles of the folding test. Consequently, the CIW process developed in this study applies to the production of the electrical parts and components for various flexible devices, such as foldable and wearable electronics.
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhou Q, Wang L, Ju W, Miao H, Ye S, Liu Y. Influence of the co-doping and line-doping on the quantum capacitance of stanene for supercapacitor electrodes. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|