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Li Y, Xue Y, Roy Chowdhury T, Graham DE, Tringe SG, Jansson JK, Taş N. Genomic insights into redox-driven microbial processes for carbon decomposition in thawing Arctic soils and permafrost. mSphere 2024; 9:e0025924. [PMID: 38860762 PMCID: PMC11288003 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00259-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is rapidly transforming Arctic landscapes where increasing soil temperatures speed up permafrost thaw. This exposes large carbon stocks to microbial decomposition, possibly worsening climate change by releasing more greenhouse gases. Understanding how microbes break down soil carbon, especially under the anaerobic conditions of thawing permafrost, is important to determine future changes. Here, we studied the microbial community dynamics and soil carbon decomposition potential in permafrost and active layer soils under anaerobic laboratory conditions that simulated an Arctic summer thaw. The microbial and viral compositions in the samples were analyzed based on metagenomes, metagenome-assembled genomes, and metagenomic viral contigs (mVCs). Following the thawing of permafrost, there was a notable shift in microbial community structure, with fermentative Firmicutes and Bacteroidota taking over from Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria over the 60-day incubation period. The increase in iron and sulfate-reducing microbes had a significant role in limiting methane production from thawed permafrost, underscoring the competition within microbial communities. We explored the growth strategies of microbial communities and found that slow growth was the major strategy in both the active layer and permafrost. Our findings challenge the assumption that fast-growing microbes mainly respond to environmental changes like permafrost thaw. Instead, they indicate a common strategy of slow growth among microbial communities, likely due to the thermodynamic constraints of soil substrates and electron acceptors, and the need for microbes to adjust to post-thaw conditions. The mVCs harbored a wide range of auxiliary metabolic genes that may support cell protection from ice formation in virus-infected cells. IMPORTANCE As the Arctic warms, thawing permafrost unlocks carbon, potentially accelerating climate change by releasing greenhouse gases. Our research delves into the underlying biogeochemical processes likely mediated by the soil microbial community in response to the wet and anaerobic conditions, akin to an Arctic summer thaw. We observed a significant shift in the microbial community post-thaw, with fermentative bacteria like Firmicutes and Bacteroidota taking over and switching to different fermentation pathways. The dominance of iron and sulfate-reducing bacteria likely constrained methane production in the thawing permafrost. Slow-growing microbes outweighed fast-growing ones, even after thaw, upending the expectation that rapid microbial responses to dominate after permafrost thaws. This research highlights the nuanced and complex interactions within Arctic soil microbial communities and underscores the challenges in predicting microbial response to environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoming Li
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forest University, Beijing, China
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Yaxin Xue
- Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - David E. Graham
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Susannah G. Tringe
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Janet K. Jansson
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Neslihan Taş
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
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2
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Gios E, Verbruggen E, Audet J, Burns R, Butterbach-Bahl K, Espenberg M, Fritz C, Glatzel S, Jurasinski G, Larmola T, Mander Ü, Nielsen C, Rodriguez AF, Scheer C, Zak D, Silvennoinen HM. Unraveling microbial processes involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling and greenhouse gas emissions in rewetted peatlands by molecular biology. BIOGEOCHEMISTRY 2024; 167:609-629. [PMID: 38707517 PMCID: PMC11068585 DOI: 10.1007/s10533-024-01122-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Restoration of drained peatlands through rewetting has recently emerged as a prevailing strategy to mitigate excessive greenhouse gas emissions and re-establish the vital carbon sequestration capacity of peatlands. Rewetting can help to restore vegetation communities and biodiversity, while still allowing for extensive agricultural management such as paludiculture. Belowground processes governing carbon fluxes and greenhouse gas dynamics are mediated by a complex network of microbial communities and processes. Our understanding of this complexity and its multi-factorial controls in rewetted peatlands is limited. Here, we summarize the research regarding the role of soil microbial communities and functions in driving carbon and nutrient cycling in rewetted peatlands including the use of molecular biology techniques in understanding biogeochemical processes linked to greenhouse gas fluxes. We emphasize that rapidly advancing molecular biology approaches, such as high-throughput sequencing, are powerful tools helping to elucidate the dynamics of key biogeochemical processes when combined with isotope tracing and greenhouse gas measuring techniques. Insights gained from the gathered studies can help inform efficient monitoring practices for rewetted peatlands and the development of climate-smart restoration and management strategies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10533-024-01122-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Gios
- NINA, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, PO Box 5685, Torgarden, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erik Verbruggen
- Plants and Ecosystems Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joachim Audet
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rachel Burns
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
- Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
- Department of Agroecology, Pioneer Center for Research in Sustainable Agricultural Futures (Land-CRAFT), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mikk Espenberg
- Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 46 St., Vanemuise, 51003 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Christian Fritz
- Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Glatzel
- Department of Geography and Regional Research, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Jurasinski
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Landscape Ecology and Site Evaluation, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Maritime Systems, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Rostock, Albert- Einstein-Straße 3, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Tuula Larmola
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ülo Mander
- Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 46 St., Vanemuise, 51003 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Claudia Nielsen
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
- CBIO, Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Andres F. Rodriguez
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Clemens Scheer
- Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Dominik Zak
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Ecohydrology and Biogeochemistry, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 301, 12587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanna M. Silvennoinen
- NINA, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, PO Box 5685, Torgarden, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway
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3
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AminiTabrizi R, Graf-Grachet N, Chu RK, Toyoda JG, Hoyt DW, Hamdan R, Wilson RM, Tfaily MM. Microbial sensitivity to temperature and sulfate deposition modulates greenhouse gas emissions from peat soils. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1951-1970. [PMID: 36740729 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Peatlands are among the largest natural sources of atmospheric methane (CH4 ) worldwide. Microbial processes play a key role in regulating CH4 emissions from peatland ecosystems, yet the complex interplay between soil substrates and microbial communities in controlling CH4 emissions as a function of global change remains unclear. Herein, we performed an integrated analysis of multi-omics data sets to provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular processes driving changes in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in peatland ecosystems with increasing temperature and sulfate deposition in a laboratory incubation study. We sought to first investigate how increasing temperatures (4, 21, and 35°C) impact soil microbiome-metabolome interactions; then explore the competition between methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRBs) with increasing sulfate concentrations at the optimum temperature for methanogenesis. Our results revealed that peat soil organic matter degradation, mediated by biotic and potentially abiotic processes, is the main driver of the increase in CO2 production with temperature. In contrast, the decrease in CH4 production at 35°C was linked to the absence of syntrophic communities and the potential inhibitory effect of phenols on methanogens. Elevated temperatures further induced the microbial communities to develop high growth yield and stress tolerator trait-based strategies leading to a shift in their composition and function. On the other hand, SRBs were able to outcompete methanogens in the presence of non-limiting sulfate concentrations at 21°C, thereby reducing CH4 emissions. At higher sulfate concentrations, however, the prevalence of communities capable of producing sufficient low-molecular-weight carbon substrates for the coexistence of SRBs and methanogens was translated into elevated CH4 emissions. The use of omics in this study enhanced our understanding of the structure and interactions among microbes with the abiotic components of the system that can be useful for mitigating GHG emissions from peatland ecosystems in the face of global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya AminiTabrizi
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Nathalia Graf-Grachet
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Rosalie K Chu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Jason G Toyoda
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - David W Hoyt
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Rasha Hamdan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rachel M Wilson
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Malak M Tfaily
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
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Barret M, Gandois L, Thalasso F, Martinez Cruz K, Sepulveda Jauregui A, Lavergne C, Teisserenc R, Aguilar P, Gerardo Nieto O, Etchebehere C, Martins Dellagnezze B, Bovio Winkler P, Fochesatto GJ, Tananaev N, Svenning MM, Seppey C, Tveit A, Chamy R, Astorga España MS, Mansilla A, Van de Putte A, Sweetlove M, Murray AE, Cabrol L. A combined microbial and biogeochemical dataset from high-latitude ecosystems with respect to methane cycle. Sci Data 2022; 9:674. [PMID: 36333353 PMCID: PMC9636175 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01759-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
High latitudes are experiencing intense ecosystem changes with climate warming. The underlying methane (CH4) cycling dynamics remain unresolved, despite its crucial climatic feedback. Atmospheric CH4 emissions are heterogeneous, resulting from local geochemical drivers, global climatic factors, and microbial production/consumption balance. Holistic studies are mandatory to capture CH4 cycling complexity. Here, we report a large set of integrated microbial and biogeochemical data from 387 samples, using a concerted sampling strategy and experimental protocols. The study followed international standards to ensure inter-comparisons of data amongst three high-latitude regions: Alaska, Siberia, and Patagonia. The dataset encompasses different representative environmental features (e.g. lake, wetland, tundra, forest soil) of these high-latitude sites and their respective heterogeneity (e.g. characteristic microtopographic patterns). The data included physicochemical parameters, greenhouse gas concentrations and emissions, organic matter characterization, trace elements and nutrients, isotopes, microbial quantification and composition. This dataset addresses the need for a robust physicochemical framework to conduct and contextualize future research on the interactions between climate change, biogeochemical cycles and microbial communities at high-latitudes. Measurement(s) | microbial diversity • microbial abundances • cations and anions • trace elements | Technology Type(s) | MiSeq sequencing 16S rRNA gene • Real Time PCR • HPLC • ICP-MS | Sample Characteristic - Organism | bacteria • archaea | Sample Characteristic - Environment | lake water • lake sediment • wetland • peatland • soil • pond | Sample Characteristic - Location | Western Siberia • Alaska • Patagonia • Cape Horn province • Magellanic subantarctic ecoregion |
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5
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Naylor D, McClure R, Jansson J. Trends in Microbial Community Composition and Function by Soil Depth. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030540. [PMID: 35336115 PMCID: PMC8954175 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities play important roles in soil health, contributing to processes such as the turnover of organic matter and nutrient cycling. As soil edaphic properties such as chemical composition and physical structure change from surface layers to deeper ones, the soil microbiome similarly exhibits substantial variability with depth, with respect to both community composition and functional profiles. However, soil microbiome studies often neglect deeper soils, instead focusing on the top layer of soil. Here, we provide a synthesis on how the soil and its resident microbiome change with depth. We touch upon soil physicochemical properties, microbial diversity, composition, and functional profiles, with a special emphasis on carbon cycling. In doing so, we seek to highlight the importance of incorporating analyses of deeper soils in soil studies.
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6
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Zhang H, Tuittila ES, Korrensalo A, Laine AM, Uljas S, Welti N, Kerttula J, Maljanen M, Elliott D, Vesala T, Lohila A. Methane production and oxidation potentials along a fen-bog gradient from southern boreal to subarctic peatlands in Finland. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:4449-4464. [PMID: 34091981 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Methane (CH4 ) emissions from northern peatlands are projected to increase due to climate change, primarily because of projected increases in soil temperature. Yet, the rates and temperature responses of the two CH4 emission-related microbial processes (CH4 production by methanogens and oxidation by methanotrophs) are poorly known. Further, peatland sites within a fen-bog gradient are known to differ in the variables that regulate these two mechanisms, yet the interaction between peatland type and temperature lacks quantitative understanding. Here, we investigated potential CH4 production and oxidation rates for 14 peatlands in Finland located between c. 60 and 70°N latitude, representing bogs, poor fens, and rich fens. Potentials were measured at three different temperatures (5, 17.5, and 30℃) using the laboratory incubation method. We linked CH4 production and oxidation patterns to their methanogen and methanotroph abundance, peat properties, and plant functional types. We found that the rich fen-bog gradient-related nutrient availability and methanogen abundance increased the temperature response of CH4 production, with rich fens exhibiting the greatest production potentials. Oxidation potential showed a steeper temperature response than production, which was explained by aerenchymous plant cover, peat water holding capacity, peat nitrogen, and sulfate content. The steeper temperature response of oxidation suggests that, at higher temperatures, CH4 oxidation might balance increased CH4 production. Predicting net CH4 fluxes as an outcome of the two mechanisms is complicated due to their different controls and temperature responses. The lack of correlation between field CH4 fluxes and production/oxidation potentials, and the positive correlation with aerenchymous plants points toward the essential role of CH4 transport for emissions. The scenario of drying peatlands under climate change, which is likely to promote Sphagnum establishment over brown mosses in many places, will potentially reduce the predicted warming-related increase in CH4 emissions by shifting rich fens to Sphagnum-dominated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Aino Korrensalo
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Anna M Laine
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Geological Survey of Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Salli Uljas
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Nina Welti
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Kerttula
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marja Maljanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - David Elliott
- Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, UK
| | - Timo Vesala
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Yugra State University, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia
| | - Annalea Lohila
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Climate System Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
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7
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Organohalide-Respiring Bacteria at the Heart of Anaerobic Metabolism in Arctic Wet Tundra Soils. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:AEM.01643-20. [PMID: 33187999 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01643-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent work revealed an active biological chlorine cycle in coastal Arctic tundra of northern Alaska. This raised the question of whether chlorine cycling was restricted to coastal areas or if these processes extended to inland tundra. The anaerobic process of organohalide respiration, carried out by specialized bacteria like Dehalococcoides, consumes hydrogen gas and acetate using halogenated organic compounds as terminal electron acceptors, potentially competing with methanogens that produce the greenhouse gas methane. We measured microbial community composition and soil chemistry along an ∼262-km coastal-inland transect to test for the potential of organohalide respiration across the Arctic Coastal Plain and studied the microbial community associated with Dehalococcoides to explore the ecology of this group and its potential to impact C cycling in the Arctic. Concentrations of brominated organic compounds declined sharply with distance from the coast, but the decrease in organic chlorine pools was more subtle. The relative abundances of Dehalococcoides were similar across the transect, except for being lower at the most inland site. Dehalococcoides correlated with other strictly anaerobic genera, plus some facultative ones, that had the genetic potential to provide essential resources (hydrogen, acetate, corrinoids, or organic chlorine). This community included iron reducers, sulfate reducers, syntrophic bacteria, acetogens, and methanogens, some of which might also compete with Dehalococcoides for hydrogen and acetate. Throughout the Arctic Coastal Plain, Dehalococcoides is associated with the dominant anaerobes that control fluxes of hydrogen, acetate, methane, and carbon dioxide. Depending on seasonal electron acceptor availability, organohalide-respiring bacteria could impact carbon cycling in Arctic wet tundra soils.IMPORTANCE Once considered relevant only in contaminated sites, it is now recognized that biological chlorine cycling is widespread in natural environments. However, linkages between chlorine cycling and other ecosystem processes are not well established. Species in the genus Dehalococcoides are highly specialized, using hydrogen, acetate, vitamin B12-like compounds, and organic chlorine produced by the surrounding community. We studied which neighbors might produce these essential resources for Dehalococcoides species. We found that Dehalococcoides species are ubiquitous across the Arctic Coastal Plain and are closely associated with a network of microbes that produce or consume hydrogen or acetate, including the most abundant anaerobic bacteria and methanogenic archaea. We also found organic chlorine and microbes that can produce these compounds throughout the study area. Therefore, Dehalococcoides could control the balance between carbon dioxide and methane (a more potent greenhouse gas) when suitable organic chlorine compounds are available to drive hydrogen and acetate uptake.
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Shakoor A, Ashraf F, Shakoor S, Mustafa A, Rehman A, Altaf MM. Biogeochemical transformation of greenhouse gas emissions from terrestrial to atmospheric environment and potential feedback to climate forcing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:38513-38536. [PMID: 32770337 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is mainly universal greenhouse gas associated with climate change. However, beyond CO2, some other greenhouse gases (GHGs) like methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), being two notable gases, contribute to global warming. Since 1900, the concentrations of CO2 and non-CO2 GHG emissions have been elevating, and due to the effects of the previous industrial revolution which is responsible for climate forcing. Globally, emissions of CO2, CH4, and N2O from agricultural sectors are increasing as around 1% annually. Moreover, deforestation also contributes 12-17% of total global GHGs. Perhaps, the average temperature is likely to increase globally, at least 2 °C by 2100-by mid-century. These circumstances are responsible for climate forcing, which is the source of various human health diseases and environmental risks. From agricultural soils, rhizospheric microbial communities have a significant role in the emissions of greenhouse gases. Every year, microbial communities release approximately 1.5-3 billion tons of carbon into the atmospheric environment. Microbial nitrification, denitrification, and respiration are the essential processes that affect the nitrogen cycle in the terrestrial environment. In the twenty-first century, climate change is the major threat faced by human beings. Climate change adversely influences human health to cause numerous diseases due to their direct association with climate change. This review highlights the different anthropogenic GHG emission sources, the response of microbial communities to climate change, climate forcing potential, and mitigation strategies through different agricultural management approaches and microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Shakoor
- Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, Avinguda Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Fatima Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saba Shakoor
- Department of Zoology, The Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Mustafa
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Abdul Rehman
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Mohsin Altaf
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
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9
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Herndon E, Kinsman-Costello L, Di Domenico N, Duroe K, Barczok M, Smith C, Wullschleger SD. Iron and iron-bound phosphate accumulate in surface soils of ice-wedge polygons in arctic tundra. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2020; 22:1475-1490. [PMID: 32475995 DOI: 10.1039/d0em00142b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a limiting or co-limiting nutrient to plants and microorganisms in diverse ecosystems that include the arctic tundra. Certain soil minerals can adsorb or co-precipitate with phosphate, and this mineral-bound P provides a potentially large P reservoir in soils. Iron (Fe) oxyhydroxides have a high capacity to adsorb phosphate; however, the ability of Fe oxyhydroxides to adsorb phosphate and limit P bioavailability in organic tundra soils is not known. Here, we examined the depth distribution of soil Fe and P species in the active layer (<30 cm) of low-centered and high-centered ice-wedge polygons at the Barrow Environmental Observatory on the Alaska North Slope. Soil reservoirs of Fe and P in bulk horizons and in narrower depth increments were characterized using sequential chemical extractions and synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Organic horizons across all polygon features (e.g., trough, ridge, and center) were enriched in extractable Fe and P relative to mineral horizons. Soil Fe was dominated by organic-bound Fe and short-range ordered Fe oxyhydroxides, while soil P was primarily associated with oxides and organic matter in organic horizons but apatite and/or calcareous minerals in mineral horizons. Iron oxyhydroxides and Fe-bound inorganic P (Pi) were most enriched at the soil surface and decreased gradually with depth, and Fe-bound Pi was >4× greater than water-soluble Pi. These results demonstrate that Fe-bound Pi is a large and ecologically important reservoir of phosphate. We contend that Fe oxyhydroxides and other minerals may regulate Pi solubility under fluctuating redox conditions in organic surface soils on the arctic tundra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Herndon
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. and Department of Geology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Kiersten Duroe
- Department of Geology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | | | - Chelsea Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Stan D Wullschleger
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
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10
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Parsaeifard N, Sattler M, Nasirian B, Chen VCP. Enhancing anaerobic oxidation of methane in municipal solid waste landfill cover soil. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 106:44-54. [PMID: 32182561 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Landfills are the third largest anthropogenic source of the greenhouse gas methane worldwide. In the upper portions of landfill covers, methane is oxidized aerobically by microorganisms to form the less-potent greenhouse gas carbon dioxide; however, because of the low permeability of oxygen, no aerobic oxidation occurs in deeper portions of the cover. Therefore, the goal of this study was to enhance anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) in the deeper parts of landfill covers, to increase overall methane removal, via addition of electron acceptors besides oxygen. In batch tests, landfill cover soil was amended using five alternate electron acceptors: iron(III), nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, and manganese. AOM was then measured via column tests, which included realistic conditions of gas flow, cover thickness, and compaction. In the batch tests, soils amended with nitrate, sulfate, and the combination of sulfate + hematite removed more methane compared to control soil. Methane generation inhibitor had no impact on net methane removal. Adding nutrients to the soil significantly enhanced methane removal only for the case of soil without electron acceptors. Greater methane removal was observed for reactors with higher initial methane concentration. Results of the column tests showed that soil amended with sulfate + iron had the highest (around 10%) removal of methane in the anoxic zone, followed by soil amended with sulfate. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas was measured in the headspace of these two columns, which indicated that sulfate-reducing bacteria were likely responsible for methane removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Parsaeifard
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Box 19308, Arlington, TX 76019, United States.
| | - Melanie Sattler
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Box 19308, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Bahareh Nasirian
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Box 19017, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Victoria C P Chen
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Box 19017, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
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