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Oginni J, Otinwa G, Gao Z. Physical Impact of Traditional and Virtual Physical Exercise Programs on Health Outcomes among Corporate Employees. J Clin Med 2024; 13:694. [PMID: 38337388 PMCID: PMC10856341 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Technology-based exercise programs have the potential to reduce chronic disease prevalence and obesity-related risks. This research focuses on the impact of both traditional and virtual exercise programs on the health metrics of corporate employees. Methods: The study involved 30 corporate employees (16 females, average age ± SD = 37.8 ± 8.8 years) from Nigeria, who were divided into two experimental groups (one experiencing traditional exercises with an on-site trainer, and the other participating in live, virtual classes via Zoom) and a control group continuing usual practices. The 6-week intervention measured several health outcomes, including resting heart rate, blood pressure (both diastolic and systolic), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio, both before and after the intervention. Results: One-way analysis of covariance yielded significantly greater decreases in the diastolic blood pressure, F(2,27) = 3.7, p < 0.04; systolic blood pressure F(2,27) = 3.5, p < 0.04, body mass index, F(2,26) = 7.8, p < 0.01, and waist circumference, F(2,27) = 39.1, p < 0.01. Conclusions: The study concludes that virtual-based exercise programs are as effective as traditional ones. Offering a virtual exercise option provides flexibility, potentially increasing adherence to exercise routines among corporate workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Oginni
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Grace Otinwa
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, University of Lagos, Lagos 101017, Nigeria;
| | - Zan Gao
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
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Herold F, Theobald P, Gronwald T, Kaushal N, Zou L, de Bruin ED, Bherer L, Müller NG. Alexa, let's train now! - A systematic review and classification approach to digital and home-based physical training interventions aiming to support healthy cognitive aging. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:30-46. [PMID: 36736727 PMCID: PMC10818117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is mounting evidence that regular physical activity is an important prerequisite for healthy cognitive aging. Consequently, the finding that almost one-third of the adult population does not reach the recommended level of regular physical activity calls for further public health actions. In this context, digital and home-based physical training interventions might be a promising alternative to center-based intervention programs. Thus, this systematic review aimed to summarize the current state of the literature on the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on adult cognitive performance. METHODS In this pre-registered systematic review (PROSPERO; ID: CRD42022320031), 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library) were searched by 2 independent researchers (FH and PT) to identify eligible studies investigating the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on cognitive performance in adults. The systematic literature search yielded 8258 records (extra 17 records from other sources), of which 27 controlled trials were considered relevant. Two reviewers (FH and PT) independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using a modified version of the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise (TESTEX scale). RESULTS Of the 27 reviewed studies, 15 reported positive effects on cognitive and motor-cognitive outcomes (i.e., performance improvements in measures of executive functions, working memory, and choice stepping reaction test), and a considerable heterogeneity concerning study-related, population-related, and intervention-related characteristics was noticed. A more detailed analysis suggests that, in particular, interventions using online classes and technology-based exercise devices (i.e., step-based exergames) can improve cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Approximately one-half of the reviewed studies were rated as having a high risk of bias with respect to completion adherence (≤85%) and monitoring of the level of regular physical activity in the control group. CONCLUSION The current state of evidence concerning the effectiveness of digital and home-based physical training interventions is mixed overall, though there is limited evidence that specific types of digital and home-based physical training interventions (e.g., online classes and step-based exergames) can be an effective strategy for improving cognitive performance in older adults. However, due to the limited number of available studies, future high-quality studies are needed to buttress this assumption empirically and to allow for more solid and nuanced conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Herold
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Paula Theobald
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Thomas Gronwald
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg 20457, Germany
| | - Navin Kaushal
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Liye Zou
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Eling D de Bruin
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden; Department of Health, OST - Eastern Swiss University of Applied Sciences, St. Gallen 9001, Switzerland
| | - Louis Bherer
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; Department of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Notger G Müller
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Kato N, Fujino Y. Effect of Video Camera Angle on the Detection of Compensatory Movements during Motion Observation. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2250. [PMID: 38137851 PMCID: PMC10745052 DOI: 10.3390/life13122250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
When exercise instructions are provided over the Internet, such as in online personal training, an instructor checks the user's form by watching their motion video recorded using a single camera device. However, fixed shooting angles may affect the detection of incorrect forms, including compensatory movements. This study aimed to verify whether differences in the shooting direction could influence compensatory movement detection by conducting motion observation using training motion videos shot from two angles. Videos of four training movements, including compensatory movements, were simultaneously captured from the front and side. Ten university students studying physical therapy watched the videos from each angle to detect compensatory movements. This study revealed significant differences between the plane of motion in which the compensatory action occurred and the direction of shooting for the false responses in the compensatory action detection for the three movements (p < 0.05). The results indicated that the shooting direction and the plane of motion in which the compensatory action occurred affected the detection of compensatory movements, which was attributable to differences in information on the amount of joint change depending on the direction of joint motion observation and to a lack of binocular visual information necessary for depth motion detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Kato
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo 006-8585, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujino
- Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduated School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo 006-8585, Japan;
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