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Estrázulas JA, Pereira Dos Santos F, Taborda Machado AJ, Legnani E, Bertuzzi R, Lima-Silva AE. Effects of Acute Ingestion of Guarana ( Paullinia Cupana) on Soccer Player Performance: A Randomized, Cross-over, Placebo-Controlled Study. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38958672 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2024.2373189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the acute effects of ingesting a beverage containing guarana (Paullinia cupana) seed powder on performance during field tests related to physical capacities that are determinants of soccer performance, such as lower limb power, sprint, agility, and the capacity to carry out intermittent exercise. METHODS The study was conducted using a randomized, crossover, and counterbalanced design, with a beverage containing guarana or placebo administered in a double-blind manner. Twenty-seven under-17 soccer players of a professional soccer club performed a battery of tests 60 min after the ingestion of guarana (3 g of the fruit seed powder) or placebo. Trials were performed with a 7-day washout period. The battery of tests included a countermovement jump test, sprints of 10 and 20 m, an Illinois agility test, and a Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 (YYIR1). RESULTS Guarana ingestion did not improve countermovement jump, sprints, or agility (p > 0.05). However, guarana ingestion increased the distance covered in the YYIR1, compared with placebo ingestion (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Acute ingestion of guarana improves the capacity to perform intermittent exercise in soccer players but seems to be ineffective to improve lower limb power, sprint, and agility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaisson Agne Estrázulas
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Human Performance Research Group, Federal University of Technology-Paraná (UTFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Julia Taborda Machado
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Elto Legnani
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Technology, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Romulo Bertuzzi
- Endurance Performance Research Group (GEDAE-USP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Molina-López J, Pérez AB, Gamarra-Morales Y, Vázquez-Lorente H, Herrera-Quintana L, Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Planells E. Prevalence of sports supplements consumption and its association with food choices among female elite football players. Nutrition 2024; 118:112239. [PMID: 38071936 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to 1) investigate the consumption of Sports Supplements (SSs) among female elite football players, 2) evaluate the influence of age on SS consumption, and 3) determine the relationship between the consumption of SSs and dietary choices among elite football players. METHODS A total of 126 female football players of Primera Iberdrola and Reto Iberdrola who participated in this descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study completed a self-administered questionnaire on SSs and the Athletes' Food Choices Questionnaire. RESULTS Overall, 84.1% of participants consumed supplements, mainly for improved sports performance (68.3%) and health (34.1%). The main sources of purchase were the Internet (34.9%) and specialized shops (23.8%), and players were commonly advised by a dietitian-nutritionist to use SSs (56.3%). The SSs most often consumed included whey protein (30.2%), sports drinks (28.6%), creatine monohydrate (28.6%), sports bars (27.8%), and caffeine (27.8%). Older players consumed more supplements at the time of data compilation. Players predominantly acquired these supplements by using the Internet and reported benefits from their use (all P ≤ 0.036). Additionally, players who consumed SSs conveyed more concern about their food choices. CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of female football players consumed SSs, particularly SSs supported by robust scientific evidence. Older players had higher supplement consumption rates. The use of SSs was related to food choices through nutritional characteristics of foods, knowledge about health and nutrition, weight control with the help of food, and the performance benefits players could acquire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Molina-López
- Faculty of Education, Psychology, and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain; Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Andrea Baena Pérez
- Faculty of Education, Psychology, and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | | | - Héctor Vázquez-Lorente
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Lourdes Herrera-Quintana
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Elena Planells
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Gacek M, Wojtowicz A, Popek A. Personality Determinants Related to the Use of Selective and Effective Dietary Supplements by Elite Polish Team Sport Athletes. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:29. [PMID: 38251303 PMCID: PMC10819768 DOI: 10.3390/sports12010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this research was to analyse relationships between personality traits and the use of selected dietary supplements among Polish athletes training in team sports. This subject matter has not been explored in prior research. MATERIAL AND METHODS This research was carried out among a group of 213 athletes (men) in the 18-36 age range, with the implementation of a proprietary validated questionnaire for the use of dietary supplements and the NEO-PI-R inventory (Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Personality Inventory-Revised). Statistical analyses were performed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, assuming the following level of significance: α = 0.05. RESULTS It was shown that athletes who periodically and regularly consumed isotonic drinks, as well as energy bars and gels, were characterised by a lower level of neuroticism than those who did not consume them. Athletes who periodically took multivitamin preparations were characterised by a lower level of extraversion and openness, and those periodically using multimineral preparations were characterised by a higher level of agreeableness than those who did not use these agents. Athletes not taking creatine were characterised by the lowest level of conscientiousness among the study participants. The use of protein nutrients, probiotics and caffeine was not associated with any personality traits in the athletes. CONCLUSIONS Further relationships of the Big Five personality traits were demonstrated with the use of effective dietary supplements by athletes; the most unambiguous correlations were described for neuroticism and conscientiousness in such a way that the use of isotonic drinks, as well as energy bars and gels, was connected with a low level of neuroticism, while the use of creatine was connected with high conscientiousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gacek
- Department of Sports Medicine and Human Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wojtowicz
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Adam Popek
- Department of Recreation and Biological Renewal, Institute of Recreation and Sports, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Krakow, Poland;
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Amatori S, Callarelli C, Gobbi E, Bertuccioli A, Donati Zeppa S, Sisti D, Rocchi MBL, Perroni F. Going Vegan for the Gain: A Cross-Sectional Study of Vegan Diets in Bodybuilders during Different Preparation Phases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5187. [PMID: 36982094 PMCID: PMC10048841 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Numerous athletes compete at a high level without consuming animal products; although a well-planned vegan diet might be appropriate for all stages of the life cycle, a few elements need to be addressed to build a balanced plant-based diet for an athlete, particularly in bodybuilding, in which muscle growth should be maximised, as athletes are judged on their aesthetics. In this observational study, nutritional intakes were compared in a cohort of natural omnivorous and vegan bodybuilders, during two different phases of preparation. To this end, 18 male and female bodybuilders (8 vegans and 10 omnivores) completed a food diary for 5 days during the bulking and cutting phases of their preparation. A mixed-model analysis was used to compare macro- and micronutrient intakes between the groups in the two phases. Both vegans and omnivores behaved similarly regarding energy, carbohydrate, and fat intakes, but vegans decreased their protein intake during the cutting phase. Our results suggest that vegan bodybuilders may find difficulties in reaching protein needs while undergoing a caloric deficit, and they might benefit from nutritional professionals' assistance to bridge the gap between the assumed proteins and those needed to maintain muscle mass through better nutrition and supplementation planning.
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Fagaras PS, Teodorescu SV, Bacarea A, Petrea RG, Ursanu AI, Cozmei G, Radu LE, Vanvu GI. Aspects Regarding the Consumption of Dietary Supplements among the Active Population in Romania. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:850. [PMID: 36613172 PMCID: PMC9820110 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Food supplements contain a variety of combinations of vitamins, minerals, plant extracts, and other substances. Any physical effort requires energy from balanced and healthy nutrition. This research aimed to identify the categories of dietary supplements used by active and very active participants who attend the sports and leisure centers from Targu Mures city. The survey was developed in paper and online forms using the Internet and supported multimedia and self-administration. The sample consists of 517 subjects chosen randomly from the research population and divided into the active and highly active PAI subgroups based on age, education, and gender. IBM SPSS Statistics Version 20.0 was used to process the collected data. All data were analysed descriptively. Differences between independent groups were assessed using an Independent sample t-test and a Chi-square test. Statistical significance was accepted when p < 0.05. Additionally, a Pearson correlation was done. The most representative age category was between 18 and 22 years old (42.7%), the ones using dietary supplements most frequently. There were significant differences by group of age regarding the consumption of food supplements (p < 0.05) and also by gender (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia-Simona Fagaras
- Department of Doctoral Studies, National University of Physical Education and Sport Bucharest, 140 Constantin Noica Street, 060057 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Silvia-Violeta Teodorescu
- Department of Doctoral Studies, National University of Physical Education and Sport Bucharest, 140 Constantin Noica Street, 060057 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Bacarea
- Department ME1–Faculty of Medicine in English, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Renato-Gabriel Petrea
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, 11 Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Adela-Ioana Ursanu
- Department of Teacher Training, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 67, Professor Dimitrie Mangeron Avenue, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Geanina Cozmei
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Liliana-Elisabeta Radu
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, 11 Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gynetta-Ionela Vanvu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Vargas-Molina S, García-Sillero M, Kreider RB, Salinas E, Petro JL, Benítez-Porres J, Bonilla DA. A randomized open-labeled study to examine the effects of creatine monohydrate and combined training on jump and scoring performance in young basketball players. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2022; 19:529-542. [PMID: 35966022 PMCID: PMC9364731 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2108683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation has been shown to be an effective and safe nutritional supplement to improve performance; however, the impact of CrM supplementation in young basketball players is less clear. This study evaluated the effects of CrM supplementation during a strength and conditioning training (SCT) program on lower-limb strength parameters and performance in under-16 (U16) basketball players. Methods Twenty-three male U16 basketball players participated in this study (14.3 ± 0.4 years; BMI: 20.7 ± 2.2 kg∙m−2). The players were randomly assigned to either a CrM group (n = 12) that ingested 0.1 g·kg−1·day−1 of CrM or to a non-supplemented control group (n = 11, CON). The athletes participated in an 8-week SCT program consisting of two lower-limb resistance-training sessions and two plyometric sessions per week. Squat jump (SJ), drop jump (DP), countermovement jump (CMJ), and Abalakov (ABK) jump power tests as well as basketball performance (points and minutes per game) were measured before, during and/or after the intervention. Data were analyzed using a general linear model with repeated measures with independent Student’s t-test pairwise comparisons. Results The results (95% confidence interval for mean change from baseline) show that there were significant differences for all variables for CrM and CON, respectively: SJ (cm): 2.6 – 6.4, P < 0.01 and 2.2–5.1 P < 0.01; DJ (cm): 2.5–5.6, P < 0.01, and 1.8–4.4, P < 0.01; CMJ (cm): 0.3–0.8, P < 0.01, and 0.2–0.5, P < 0.01; ABK (cm): 2.8–5.5, P < 0.01 and 0.7–2.6, P = 0.003. A significant group x time interaction (p = 0.003, ηp2 = 0.342) was observed in ABK performance. No significant group x time effects were seen in squat jump (p = 0.449, ηp2 = 0.028), drop jump (p = 0.143, ηp2 = 0.099), or counter movement jump (p = 0.304, ηp2 = 0.05). A significant interaction effect was also observed in points per game (p = 0.049, ηp2 = 0.149), while a non-significant but medium effect was seen in minutes per game (p = 0.166, ηp2 = 0.094). Conclusions CrM supplementation in conjunction with resistance and plyometric training increased the lower-limb ABK power and scoring performance in U16 basketball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Vargas-Molina
- Department of Sport Sciences, EADE-University of Wales Trinity Saint David, Málaga, Spain
- University of Málaga, Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Medicine, Spain
| | - Manuel García-Sillero
- Department of Sport Sciences, EADE-University of Wales Trinity Saint David, Málaga, Spain
| | - Richard B. Kreider
- College Station, Human Clinical Research Facility, Texas A&M University, Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab, Texas, USA
| | - Enrique Salinas
- Department of Sport Sciences, EADE-University of Wales Trinity Saint David, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jorge L. Petro
- Physical Education and Sport Area, Research Group in Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia
| | | | - Diego A. Bonilla
- Dynamical Business & Science Society – DBSS INTERNATIONAL, Research Division, Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Research Group in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bogotá, Colombia
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Sport Genomics Research Group, Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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Mazzilli M, Macaluso F, Zambelli S, Picerno P, Iuliano E. The Use of Dietary Supplements in Fitness Practitioners: A Cross-Sectional Observation Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18095005. [PMID: 34065071 PMCID: PMC8125933 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18095005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at evaluating the prevalence of use of dietary supplements (DSs) among gym users and gym instructors involved in body shaping-oriented fitness training. Furthermore, this study aimed to verify whether differences existed in the prevalence and in the types of DSs used in both gym users and gym instructors involved in body shaping-oriented fitness competitions vs. those not involved in fitness competitions. A survey was distributed to 316 participants, composed of 89 gym instructors and 227 gym users of both genders aged 27.3 ± 7.7. Among these participants, 52 were involved in competitions and 248 were not, while 16 participants did not specify either way. The results showed a high prevalence in the use of DSs in the population considered, with 85.4% of the participants declaring they used DSs, with high heterogeneity in the numbers and in the combinations used. No differences were found between gym instructors and gym users, or between participants involved and those not involved in competitions. The results indicate that DSs are widely used by persons involved in body shaping-oriented fitness training. The results also suggest that the majority of the participants decided individually which DSs to use.
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Baranauskas M, Jablonskienė V, Abaravičius JA, Stukas R. Actual Nutrition and Dietary Supplementation in Lithuanian Elite Athletes. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2020; 56:E247. [PMID: 32443812 PMCID: PMC7279379 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56050247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Health is partly determined by the state of one's nutrition; it stimulates the body's functional and metabolic adaptations to physical strain and helps one prevent sports injuries and get in shape in terms of body composition. This study aims to investigate the actual nutrition and dietary supplements taken by elite Lithuanian athletes and to identify the relationship between the dietary intake, dietary supplementation and body composition of elite athletes. Materials and Methods: The research subjects were 76.7% of Lithuanian elite athletes (N = 247). The actual diet was investigated using the 24 h recall dietary survey method. Dietary supplementation was studied applying the questionnaire method. Measurements of body composition were performed using the BIA (bioelectrical impedance analysis) tetra-polar electrodes and measuring resistivity with 8-12 tangent electrodes at different frequencies of signal: 5, 50 and 250 kHz. Results: Results indicate that among the athletes, 62% use too few carbohydrates and 77% use too much fat. Although the 3.5% increase in lean body mass (95% CI: -0.107, 7.070) helps gain an increased protein intake with food (p = 0.057), 38% of athletes consume too little protein with food. The athletes mostly use carbohydrates (86%), vitamins (81%), protein supplements (70%), and multivitamins (62%). We did not determine the impact (p > 0.05) of individual or complex supplement use on the lean body mass (%) or fat mass (%) values of athletes. Conclusions: Athletes consume insufficient carbohydrates, vitamin D, calcium, polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and too much fat, saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and they use proteins irrationally. Sport nutritionists should also focus on the risk of malnutrition for female athletes. Nutritional supplements partially offset macronutrient and micronutrient deficiency. Nevertheless, the effect of food supplements on the body composition of athletes is too small compared to the normal diet. Athletes ought to prioritize the formation of eating habits and only then use supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Baranauskas
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.J.); (J.A.A.)
| | - Valerija Jablonskienė
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.J.); (J.A.A.)
| | - Jonas Algis Abaravičius
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.J.); (J.A.A.)
| | - Rimantas Stukas
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences of the Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania;
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