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Mirzapour-Kouhdasht A, Garcia-Vaquero M, Huang JY. Algae-derived compounds: Bioactivity, allergenicity and technologies enhancing their values. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 406:130963. [PMID: 38876282 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
As a rapidly growing source of human nutrients, algae biosynthesize diverse metabolites which have promising bioactivities. However, the potential allergenicity of algal components hinder their widespread adoption. This review provides a comprehensive review of various macro and micronutrients derived from algal biomass, with particular focus on bioactive compounds, including peptides, polyphenols, carotenoids, omega-3 fatty acids and phycocyanins. The approaches used to produce algal bioactive compounds and their health benefits (antioxidant, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory) are summarised. This review particularly focuses on the state-of-the-art of precision fermentation, encapsulation, cold plasma, high-pressure processing, pulsed electric field, and subcritical water to reduce the allergenicity of algal compounds while increasing their bioactivity and bioavailability. By providing insights into current challenges of algae-derived compounds and opportunities for advancement, this review contributes to the ongoing discourse on maximizing their application potential in the food nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Mirzapour-Kouhdasht
- Department of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Marco Garcia-Vaquero
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jen-Yi Huang
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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2
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Moradi F, Hadavi M, Aghamaali MR, Fallah SF. Beneficial effects of bioactive peptides extracted from Spirulina platensis and Gracilaria gracilis algae on bone regeneration/osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102430. [PMID: 38908225 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are used in the treatment of many diseases, particularly in the repair of bone injuries. Algae with various medicinal applications are considered important natural resources. There is limited research on the effects of bioactive peptides from algae extraction on mesenchymal stem cells. In this study the impact of bioactive proteins, protein lysates and peptide fractions (<3, <30 and <50 kDa) isolated from two algae species, Spirulina platensis and Gracilaria gracilis on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) was investigated. The proteins were extracted ant hydrolyzed with trypsin enzyme to create peptides, which were then separated by ultrafiltration. hAMSCs were exposed to different concentrations of bioactive compounds (100, 300, 500 and 700 µg/ml) for varying time periods. Cell proliferation was assessed using the with 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and to evaluate differentiation into bone tissue, the amount of mineral deposition was measured with alizarin red staining, and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity was determined using a colorimetric method. The expression of Runx2, Osteocalcin, and β-Catenin genes expression was analyzed using RT-qPCR on days 7, 14 and 21 post-treatment. The results indicated that the <3 kDa peptide fraction of S. platensis and G. gracilis had no cytotoxic effects, increased cell proliferation at a concentration of 300 μg/ml, and enhanced the expression of osteogenic marker genes, alkaline phosphatase enzyme a activity, and calcium deposition in the extracellular matrix. In general, fractions that show positive effects on hAMSC differentiation have the potential to treat bone defects and promote osteoregeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Moradi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Mahvash Hadavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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3
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Cai C, Liu Y, Xu Y, Zhang J, Wei B, Xu C, Wang H. Mineral-element-chelating activity of food-derived peptides: influencing factors and enhancement strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38841814 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2361299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Mineral elements including calcium, iron, and zinc play crucial roles in human health. Their deficiency causes public health risk globally. Commercial mineral supplements have limitations; therefore, alternatives with better solubility, bioavailability, and safety are needed. Chelates of food-derived peptides and mineral elements exhibit advantages in terms of stability, absorption rate, and safety. However, low binding efficiency limits their application. Extensive studies have focused on understanding and enhancing the chelating activity of food-derived peptides with mineral elements. This includes obtaining peptides with high chelating activity, elucidating interaction mechanisms, optimizing chelation conditions, and developing techniques to enhance the chelating activity. This review provides a comprehensive theoretical basis for the development and utilization of food-derived peptide-mineral element chelates in the food industry. Efforts to address the challenge of low binding rates between peptides and mineral elements have yielded promising results. Optimization of peptide sources, enzymatic hydrolysis processes, and purification schemes have helped in obtaining peptides with high chelating activity. The understanding of interaction mechanisms has been enhanced through advanced separation techniques and molecular simulation calculations. Optimizing chelation process conditions, including pH and temperature, can help in achieving high binding rates. Methods including phosphorylation modification and ultrasonic treatment can enhance the chelating activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaonan Cai
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuling Xu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Juntao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Benmei Wei
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengzhi Xu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, China
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Raghunathan S, Kandasamy S, Balakrishna Pillai A, Senthilathiban DP, Thajuddin N, Rasool Kamli M, Sabir JSM, Lee SY, Kim JW, Davoodbasha M. Synthesis of biocomposites from microalgal peptide incorporated polycaprolactone/ κ- carrageenan nanofibers and their antibacterial and wound healing property. Int J Pharm 2024; 655:124052. [PMID: 38552751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising novel agents for targeting a wide range of pathogens. In this study, microalgal peptides derived from native microalgae were incorporated into polycaprolactone (PCL) with ƙ-Carrageenan (ƙ-C) forming nanofibers using the electrospinning method. The peptides incorporated in the nanofibers were characterized by fourier infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and contact angle measurement. The results showed that peptides with molecular weights < 10 kDa, when loaded into nanofibers, exhibited lower wettability. The SEM analysis revealed a thin, smooth, interconnected bead-like structures. The antimicrobial activity of the electrospun nanofibers was evaluated through disc diffusion, and minimum inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli (MTTC 443), and Staphylococcus aureus (MTTC 96), resulting in zones of inhibition of 24 ± 0.5 mm and 14 ± 0.5 mm, respectively. The in vitro biocompatibility of the synthesized nanofibers was confirmed using in HEK 293 cell lines with an increased cell viability. Interestingly, the fibers also exhibited a significant wound-healing properties when used in vitro scratch assays. In conclusion, algal peptides incorporated with PCL/ ƙ-C were found to exhibit antimicrobial and biocompatible biomaterials for wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathya Raghunathan
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 620048, India
| | - Sangeetha Kandasamy
- Department of Physics, Muthayammamal College of Arts and Sciences, Rasipuram - 637408, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | - Nooruddin Thajuddin
- Crescent Global Outreach Mission (CGOM), B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 620048, India
| | - Majid Rasool Kamli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal S M Sabir
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sang-Yul Lee
- Centre for Surface Technology and Applications, Department of Material Engineering, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang 10540, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Wan Kim
- Centre for Surface Technology and Applications, Department of Material Engineering, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang 10540, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Bio Material and Process Development, Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.
| | - MubarakAli Davoodbasha
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 620048, India; Crescent Global Outreach Mission (CGOM), B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 620048, India; Centre for Surface Technology and Applications, Department of Material Engineering, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang 10540, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Bio Material and Process Development, Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.
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García-Beltrán JM, Arizcun M, Chaves-Pozo E. Antimicrobial Peptides from Photosynthetic Marine Organisms with Potential Application in Aquaculture. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050290. [PMID: 37233484 DOI: 10.3390/md21050290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture production is at a record level and is estimated to increase in the coming years. However, this production can be negatively affected by infectious diseases produced by viruses, bacteria, and parasites, causing fish mortality and economic losses. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small peptides that may be promising candidates to replace antibiotics because they are the first line of defense in animals against a wide variety of pathogens and have no negative effects; they also show additional activities such as antioxidant or immunoregulatory functions, which makes them powerful alternatives for use in aquaculture. Moreover, AMPs are highly available in natural sources and have already been used in the livestock farming and food industries. Photosynthetic marine organisms can survive under all kinds of environmental conditions and under extremely competitive environments thanks to their flexible metabolism. For this reason, these organisms represent a powerful source of bioactive molecules as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals, including AMPs. Therefore, in this study we reviewed the present knowledge about AMPs from photosynthetic marine organism sources and analyzed whether they could be suitable for use in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María García-Beltrán
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Physiology and Welfare of Marine Species Group (PHYSIS), Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (COMU-IEO), CSIC, Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860 Murcia, Spain
| | - Marta Arizcun
- Physiology and Welfare of Marine Species Group (PHYSIS), Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (COMU-IEO), CSIC, Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860 Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Chaves-Pozo
- Physiology and Welfare of Marine Species Group (PHYSIS), Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (COMU-IEO), CSIC, Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860 Murcia, Spain
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Teixeira ID, Carvalho E, Leal EC. Green Antimicrobials as Therapeutic Agents for Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:467. [PMID: 36978333 PMCID: PMC10044531 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are one of the most serious and devastating complications of diabetes and account for a significant decrease in quality of life and costly healthcare expenses worldwide. This condition affects around 15% of diabetic patients and is one of the leading causes of lower limb amputations. DFUs generally present poor clinical outcomes, mainly due to the impaired healing process and the elevated risk of microbial infections which leads to tissue damage. Nowadays, antimicrobial resistance poses a rising threat to global health, thus hampering DFU treatment and care. Faced with this reality, it is pivotal to find greener and less environmentally impactful alternatives for fighting these resistant microbes. Antimicrobial peptides are small molecules that play a crucial role in the innate immune system of the host and can be found in nature. Some of these molecules have shown broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties and wound-healing activity, making them good potential therapeutic compounds to treat DFUs. This review aims to describe antimicrobial peptides derived from green, eco-friendly processes that can be used as potential therapeutic compounds to treat DFUs, thereby granting a better quality of life to patients and their families while protecting our fundamental bio-resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines D. Teixeira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eugenia Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ermelindo C. Leal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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Bai R, Nguyen TT, Zhou Y, Diao Y, Zhang W. Identification of Antioxidative Peptides Derived from Arthrospira maxima in the Biorefinery Process after Extraction of C-Phycocyanin and Lipids. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21030146. [PMID: 36976194 PMCID: PMC10056772 DOI: 10.3390/md21030146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthrospira maxima has been identified as a sustainable source of rich proteins with diverse functionalities and bioactivities. After extracting C-phycocyanin (C-PC) and lipids in a biorefinery process, the spent biomass still contains a large proportion of proteins with potential for biopeptide production. In this study, the residue was digested using Papain, Alcalase, Trypsin, Protamex 1.6, and Alcalase 2.4 L at different time intervals. The resulting hydrolyzed product with the highest antioxidative activity, evaluated through their scavenging capability of hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anion, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), was selected for further fractionation and purification to isolate and identify biopeptides. Alcalase 2.4 L was found to produce the highest antioxidative hydrolysate product after four-hour hydrolysis. Fractionating this bioactive product using ultrafiltration obtained two fractions with different molecular weights (MW) and antioxidative activity. The low-molecular-weight fraction (LMWF) with MW <3 kDa had higher DPPH scavenging activity with the IC50 value of 2.97 ± 0.33 compared to 3.76 ± 0.15 mg/mL of the high-molecular-weight fraction (HMWF) with MW >3 kDa. Two stronger antioxidative fractions (F-A and F-B) with the respective significant lower IC50 values of 0.83 ± 0.22 and 1.52 ± 0.29 mg/mL were isolated from the LMWF using gel filtration with a Sephadex G-25 column. Based on LC-MS/MS analysis of the F-A, 230 peptides derived from 108 A. maxima proteins were determined. Notably, different antioxidative peptides possessing various bioactivities, including antioxidation, were detected with high predicted scores together with in silico analyses on their stability and toxicity. This study established knowledge and technology to further value-add to the spent A. maxima biomass by optimizing hydrolysis and fraction processes to produce antioxidative peptides with Alcalase 2.4 L after two products already produced in a biorefinery. These bioactive peptides have potential applications in food and nutraceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renao Bai
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
- Centre for Marine Bioproduct Development, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Trung T. Nguyen
- Centre for Marine Bioproduct Development, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Aquaculture Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Yali Zhou
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
| | - Yong Diao
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-595-2269-2516 (Y.D.); +61-8-72218557 (W.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Centre for Marine Bioproduct Development, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Marine Bioproducts Cooperative Research Centre, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-595-2269-2516 (Y.D.); +61-8-72218557 (W.Z.)
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Raghunathan S, Navabshan I, Badar B, Kim JW, MubarakAli D. An investigation of algal peptides to target protein of lower respiratory tract infections: In silico approach. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Chinnathambi A, Ali Alharbi S, Joshi D, Lenin H. Anticancer and Free Radical Scavenging Competence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Aqueous Leaf Extract of Phyllanthus acidus. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:9493816. [PMID: 38623354 PMCID: PMC11018370 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9493816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was aimed to investigate the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) synthesizing efficiency of aqueous leaf extract of Phyllanthus acidus. Furthermore, the antioxidant and anticancer activities of synthesized ZnONPs were also investigated through the in-vitro approach. The obtained results show that the aqueous extract of P. acidus can synthesize ZnONPs, as evidenced by a sharp absorbance peak at 375 nm. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed that the aqueous extract contained significant numbers of functional groups, which were involved in reducing zinc nitrate into ZnONPs. Also, they participate in the capping and stabilization of synthesized ZnONPs and their size ranged from 27.14-35.74 nm with a spherical shape . The results obtained in ABTS radical scavenging activity 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydroxyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and 2,2'-Azino-Bis(3-ethylbenzene thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays declared has excellent in-vitro radicals scavenging activity with reasonable IC50 values. Interestingly, these green synthesized ZnONPs have an excellent anticancer activity against human epidermoid carcinoma (Hep3) cell line in an in-vitro approach. These findings imply that an aqueous leaf extract of P. acidus can be used to synthesize pharmaceutically valuable ZnONPs. To consider such nanomaterials as potential therapeutic agents, optimization and in-vivo biomedical studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Khalid University, PO Box-2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Khalid University, PO Box-2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepika Joshi
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Haiter Lenin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, WOLLO University, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Kombolcha, Ethiopia
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Santiago-Díaz P, Rico M, Rivero A, Santana-Casiano M. Bioactive metabolites of microalgae from Canary Islands for functional food and feed uses. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200230. [PMID: 35970767 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Three freshwater microalgae ( Spirogyra sp ., Cosmarium sp . , and Cosmarium blytii ) collected from several locations in Gran Canaria have been studied to explore their potential as a novel source of bioactive compounds for biotechnological applications. Soluble carbohydrates were quantified after extraction with 3M HCl at 100ºC, ranging from 35.8 to 43.3%, and with water at room temperature, ranging from 19 to 22.8%. Amino acids glutamic acid, proline and aspartic acid were quantified by RP-HPLC. Glutamic acid was the most abundant, ranging from 12.2 to 3.63 mg g -1 of dry biomass. Cosmarium blytii was the richest sample in amino acids (24.02 mg g -1 of dry weight). In addition, Cosmarium blytii and Spyrogira sp. exhibited higher radical scavenging activity (RSA) against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) than that of the synthetic antioxidant butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), commonly used as food additive. These results show a great potential of these microalgae for exploitation in the food, feed and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Santiago-Díaz
- Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, chemistry, carretera de Tafira s/n, 35001, Las Palmas De Gran Canaria, SPAIN
| | - Milagros Rico
- University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Chemistry, carretera de Tafira s/n, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SPAIN
| | - Argimiro Rivero
- Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, chemistry, carretera de Tafira s/n, 35001, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SPAIN
| | - Magdalena Santana-Casiano
- Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, chemistry, carretera de Tafina s/n, 35017, las palmas de gran canaria, SPAIN
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Serine O-acetyltransferase derived NV14 peptide reduces cytotoxicity in H 2O 2 induced MDCK cells and inhibits MCF-7 cell proliferation through caspase gene expression. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9205-9215. [PMID: 35941417 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07746-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most of the bioactive peptides exhibit antioxidant effect and do elicit inhibitory effect on proliferation of cancer cells. This study investigates the in-vitro antioxidant and anti-cancer properties of NV14 peptide, derived from serine O-acetyltransferase (SAT) of spirulina, Arthrospira platensis. METHODS The anti-cancer effect of the peptide was evaluated using human adenocarcinoma epithelial cells (MCF-7), while the anti-oxidant potential, as in reduction in ROS concentration, has been established using the H2O2-exposed, Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. The outcome of the in vitro analyses has been evaluated by in silico molecular docking analyses. RESULTS The peptide, dose-dependently, reduced oxidative stress as well as cell proliferation. Besides, based on the binding scores between NV14 peptide and the important proteins associated with apoptosis and antioxidant defense, it is evident that the peptide has antioxidant and anti-cancer effect, in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Together, this study demonstrates that NV14 has a potent antioxidant and anti-cancer capability; however, further direction needs to be focused on clinical or pharmacodynamics aspects.
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R. S, D. M, M.G. MN, N. V, N. T, Kim JW. An Investigation of Pepsin Hydrolysate of Short Antibacterial Peptides Derived from Limnospira Sp. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:5580-5593. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04023-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Kumar R, Hegde AS, Sharma K, Parmar P, Srivatsan V. Microalgae as a sustainable source of edible proteins and bioactive peptides – Current trends and future prospects. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111338. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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14
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Microalgal Proteins and Bioactives for Food, Feed, and Other Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are a known source of proteins, prebiotics, lipids, small molecules, anti-oxidants and bioactives with health benefits that can be harnessed for the development of functional foods, feeds, cosmeceuticals and pharmaceuticals. This review collates information on the supply, processing costs, target markets and value of microalgae, as well as microalgal proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals. It discusses the potential impact that microalgae could have on global food and feed supply and highlights gaps that exist with regards to the use of microalgal proteins and ingredients as foods and supplements.
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Natural Peptides Inducing Cancer Cell Death: Mechanisms and Properties of Specific Candidates for Cancer Therapeutics. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247453. [PMID: 34946535 PMCID: PMC8708364 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, cancer has become the second highest leading cause of death, and it is expected to continue to affect the population in forthcoming years. Additionally, treatment options will become less accessible to the public as cases continue to grow and disease mechanisms expand. Hence, specific candidates with confirmed anticancer effects are required to develop new drugs. Among the novel therapeutic options, proteins are considered a relevant source, given that they have bioactive peptides encrypted within their sequences. These bioactive peptides, which are molecules consisting of 2–50 amino acids, have specific activities when administered, producing anticancer effects. Current databases report the effects of peptides. However, uncertainty is found when their molecular mechanisms are investigated. Furthermore, analyses addressing their interaction networks or their directly implicated mechanisms are needed to elucidate their effects on cancer cells entirely. Therefore, relevant peptides considered as candidates for cancer therapeutics with specific sequences and known anticancer mechanisms were accurately reviewed. Likewise, those features which turn certain peptides into candidates and the mechanisms by which peptides mediate tumor cell death were highlighted. This information will make robust the knowledge of these candidate peptides with recognized mechanisms and enhance their non-toxic capacity in relation to healthy cells and further avoid cell resistance.
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Trinidad-Calderón PA, Varela-Chinchilla CD, García-Lara S. Natural Peptides Inducing Cancer Cell Death: Mechanisms and Properties of Specific Candidates for Cancer Therapeutics. Molecules 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, cancer has become the second highest leading cause of death, and it is expected to continue to affect the population in forthcoming years. Additionally, treatment options will become less accessible to the public as cases continue to grow and disease mechanisms expand. Hence, specific candidates with confirmed anticancer effects are required to develop new drugs. Among the novel therapeutic options, proteins are considered a relevant source, given that they have bioactive peptides encrypted within their sequences. These bioactive peptides, which are molecules consisting of 2–50 amino acids, have specific activities when administered, producing anticancer effects. Current databases report the effects of peptides. However, uncertainty is found when their molecular mechanisms are investigated. Furthermore, analyses addressing their interaction networks or their directly implicated mechanisms are needed to elucidate their effects on cancer cells entirely. Therefore, relevant peptides considered as candidates for cancer therapeutics with specific sequences and known anticancer mechanisms were accurately reviewed. Likewise, those features which turn certain peptides into candidates and the mechanisms by which peptides mediate tumor cell death were highlighted. This information will make robust the knowledge of these candidate peptides with recognized mechanisms and enhance their non-toxic capacity in relation to healthy cells and further avoid cell resistance.
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MubarakAli D, Akshaya T, Sathya R, Irfan N. Study on the Interaction of Algal Peptides on Virulence Factors of Helicobacter pylori: In Silico Approach. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 194:37-53. [PMID: 34762267 PMCID: PMC8581125 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03716-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the Asian region, Helicobacter pylori infects about 80% populations, which is most leading cause of peptic ulcers, and it is an asymptomatic infection. Studies reported that the particular bacteria carry specific virulence factors that leads to severe complications. These virulence factors can be used as a drug targets to inhibit their growth and pathogenicity. Chronic infection with H. pylori virulence factors are CagA, VacA and HtrA positive strains the risk factor of gastric cancer. In this study, we aimed to study the antagonistic interaction pattern between the potential eight algal peptides against the virulence factors of H. pylori through in silico analysis intended to treat peptic ulcer and prevent the further complications such as cancer. The proteins of virulent factors are docked using C-Docker algorithm and calculated the bind energy of the complexes. The results showed that the peptide derived from a green alga, Tetradesmus sp. are active against the three virulent factors such as cag-A, vac-A, and Htr-A with multiple hydrogen, vdW, electrostatic interactions, and mild π-hydrophobic bindings with the libdock energy score for CagA, VacA and HtrA are 175.625, 158.603 and 89.397 kcal/mol. These primes and the peptide lead to develop a better and potential inhibitors against H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davoodbasha MubarakAli
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Thirusangu Akshaya
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raghunathan Sathya
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Navabshan Irfan
- Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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MubarakAli D, MohamedSaalis J, Sathya R, Irfan N, Kim JW. An evidence of microalgal peptides to target spike protein of COVID-19: In silico approach. Microb Pathog 2021; 160:105189. [PMID: 34530072 PMCID: PMC8436434 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has affected millions of lives and it is one of the deadliest viruses ever known and the effort to find a cure for COVID-19 has been very high. The purpose of the study was to investigate the anti-COVID effect from the peptides derived from microalgae. The peptides from microalgae exhibit antimicrobial, anti-allergic, anti-hypersensitive, anti-tumor and immune-modulatory properties. In the In silico study, 13 cyanobacterial specific peptides were retrieved based on the extensive literature survey and their structures were predicted using Discovery Studios Visualizer. The spike protein of the novel COVID19 was retrieved from PDB (6LU7) and further molecular docking was done with the peptides through CDOCKER. The five peptides were bound clearly to the spike protein (SP) and their inhibitory effect towards the SP was promising among 13 peptides were investigated. Interestingly, LDAVNR derived from S.maxima have excellent binding and interaction energy showed -113.456 kcal/mol and -71.0736 kcal/mol respectively to target SP of COVID. The further investigation required for the in vitro confirmation of anti-COVID from indigenous microalgal species for the possible remedy in the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davoodbasha MubarakAli
- School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai - 600048, India; Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaulikar MohamedSaalis
- School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai - 600048, India
| | - Raghunathan Sathya
- School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai - 600048, India
| | - Navabshan Irfan
- Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600048, India
| | - Jung-Wan Kim
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Republic of Korea.
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