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Jing X, Wang X, Zhou J, Lu Y. Spatiotemporal variations and health risks of arsenic in soils of the Pearl River Basin, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175393. [PMID: 39122023 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The Pearl River Basin (PRB), the second-largest river basin in China, is the most economically developed at its lower reaches and rich in arsenic-bearing mineral resources at its upper reaches. Arsenic (As) is emerging as a serious environmental and health-related concern, becoming a focal point of public attention. The objective of this study was to explore the spatiotemporal variations of As concentration and distribution in the topsoils of the PRB using monitoring data 3 times from the 1990s, the 2000s, and the 2010s, based on geochemical baselines project. Results indicate that the As content in soils displayed an increasing pattern from the 1990s (median 11.40 mg/kg) to the 2000s (14.46 mg/kg), followed by a decrease from the 2000s to the 2010s (12.25 mg/kg). The largest changes occurred in mining areas. The proportion of samples with As concentrations exceeding the risk screening value decreased from 19.51 % (1990s), 10.78 % (2000s), to 4.69 % (2010s). The hazard quotient (HQ) of pollutant into non-carcinogenic risk for adults increased from 0.12 in the 1990s to 0.19 in the 2000s, and then decreased to 0.08 in the 2010s. Meanwhile, the HQ for children increased from 0.96 in the 1990s to 1.54 in the 2000s, and decreased to 0.67 in the 2010s. These characteristics suggest that certain areas still exhibited localized As pollution and associated health risks. The high values and changes of As in soils are attributed to geologic background and anthropogenic activities. Comprehensive management, particularly the implementation of soil pollution prevention and control policies by the Chinese government since 2008, has constituted a pivotal tool in reducing the As content in the alluvial surface soils newly formed by river water picking up pollutants that decreased from the 2000s to the 2010s into watercourses and deposited in the overbank or plain region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuming Jing
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, China; UNESCO International Centre on Global-scale Geochemistry, Langfang 065000, China
| | - Xueqiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, China; UNESCO International Centre on Global-scale Geochemistry, Langfang 065000, China.
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, China; UNESCO International Centre on Global-scale Geochemistry, Langfang 065000, China
| | - Yuexin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, China; UNESCO International Centre on Global-scale Geochemistry, Langfang 065000, China
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Tian L, Zhao S, Zhang R, Lv S, Chen D, Li J, Jones KC, Sweetman AJ, Peng P, Zhang G. Tire Wear Chemicals in the Urban Atmosphere: Significant Contributions of Tire Wear Particles to PM 2.5. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39264297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWPs) containing tire wear chemicals (TWCs) are of global concern due to their large emissions and potential toxicity. However, TWP contributions to urban fine particles are poorly understood. Here, 72 paired gas-phase and PM2.5 samples were collected in the urban air of the Pearl River Delta, China. The concentrations of 54 compounds were determined, and 28 TWCs were detected with total concentrations of 3130-317,000 pg/m3. Most p-phenylenediamines (PPDs) were unstable in solvent, likely leading to their low detection rates. The TWCs were mainly (73 ± 26%) in the gas phase. 2-OH-benzothiazole contributed 82 ± 21% of the gas-phase TWCs and benzothiazole-2-sulfonic acid contributed 74 ± 18% of the TWCs in PM2.5. Guangzhou and Foshan were "hotspots" for atmospheric TWCs. Most TWC concentrations significantly correlated with the road length nearby. More particulate TWCs were observed than model predictions, probably due to the impacts of nonexchangeable portion and sampling artifacts. Source apportionment combined with characteristic molecular markers indicated that TWPs contributed 13 ± 7% of urban PM2.5. Our study demonstrates that TWPs are important contributors to urban air pollution that could pose risks to humans. There is an urgent need to develop strategies to decrease TWP emissions, along with broader urban air quality improvement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shizhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shaojun Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Duohong Chen
- Environmental Key Laboratory of Regional Air Quality Monitoring, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Environmental Monitoring Center, Guangzhou 510308, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Kevin C Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, U.K
| | - Andrew J Sweetman
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, U.K
| | - Ping'an Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Liu X, Chi H, Tan Z, Yang X, Sun Y, Li Z, Hu K, Hao F, Liu Y, Yang S, Deng Q, Wen X. Heavy metals distribution characteristics, source analysis, and risk evaluation of soils around mines, quarries, and other special areas in a region of northwestern Yunnan, China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:132050. [PMID: 37459760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, based on the assessment of soil heavy metals (HMs) pollution using relevant indices, a comprehensive approach combined network environ analysis (NEA), human health risk assessment (HHRA) method and positive definite matrix factor (PMF) model to quantify the risks among ecological communities in a special environment around mining area in northwest Yunnan, calculated the risk to human health caused by HMs in soil, and analyzed the pollution sources of HMs. The integrated risks for soil microorganisms, vegetations, herbivores, and carnivores were 2.336, 0.876, 0.114, and 0.082, respectively, indicating that soil microorganisms were the largest risk receptors. The total hazard indexes (HIT) for males, females, and children were 0.542, 0.591, and 1.970, respectively, revealing a relatively high and non-negligible non-carcinogenic risks (NCR) for children. The total cancer risks (TCR) for both females and children exceeded 1.00E-04, indicating that soil HMs posed carcinogenic risks (CR) to them. Comparatively, Pb was the high-risk metal, accounting for 53.76%, 57.90%, and 68.09% of HIT in males, females, and children, respectively. PMF analysis yielded five sources of pollution, F1 (industry), F2 (agriculture), F3 (domesticity), F4 (nature), and F5 (traffic).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Huajian Chi
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yiping Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Zongtao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Kan Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Fangfang Hao
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Shengchun Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Qingwen Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China.
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China.
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Chi W, Chen G, Hu S, Li X, Cheng K, Wang Q, Xia B, Yang Y, Ma Y, Liu T. A small extent of seawater intrusion significantly enhanced Cd uptake by rice in coastal paddy fields. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131945. [PMID: 37421859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Paddy fields located around estuaries suffer from seawater intrusion, and how and to what extent salinity levels influence Cd accumulation in rice grains is still unclear. Pot experiments were carried out by cultivating rice under alternating flooding and drainage conditions with different salinity levels (0.2‰, 0.6‰ and 1.8‰). The Cd availability was greatly enhanced at 1.8‰ salinity due to the competition for binding sites by cations and the formation of Cd complexation with anions, which also contributed to Cd uptake by rice roots. The soil Cd fractions were investigated and found that the Cd availability significantly decreased during flooding stage, while it rapidly increased after soil drainage. During drainage stage, Cd availability was greatly enhanced at 1.8‰ salinity mainly attributed to the formation of CdCln2-n. The kinetic model was established to quantitatively evaluate Cd transformation, and it found that the release of Cd from organic matter and Fe-Mn oxides was greatly enhanced at 1.8‰ salinity. The results of pot experiments showed that there was a significant increase in Cd content in rice roots and grains in the treatment of 1.8‰ salinity, because the increasing salinity induced an increase in Cd availability and upregulation of key genes regulating Cd uptake in rice roots. Our findings elucidated the key mechanisms by which high salinity enhanced Cd accumulation in rice grains, and more attention should be given to the food safety of rice cultivated around estuaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Chi
- Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Guojun Chen
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Shiwen Hu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Kuan Cheng
- Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Bingqing Xia
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China.
| | - Yibing Ma
- Macao Environmental Research Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macao
| | - Tongxu Liu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
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Zhao M, Wang H, Sun J, Tang R, Cai B, Song X, Huang X, Huang J, Fan Z. Spatio-temporal characteristics of soil Cd pollution and its influencing factors: A Geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) method. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 446:130613. [PMID: 36584651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil Cd pollution is the result of the combined influence of various human activities over a long period of time, and then quantifying the influence is essential for the prevention and control. Based on published literature data during 2000-2020, this study investigated the pollution characteristics and influencing factors of soil Cd in the Yangtze River Delta. The results were as follows: (1) The average Cd concentration was higher than the Chinese soil criteria value (0.30 mg/kg), and the proportion of Cd concentration exceeding its background value was 87.43%. (2) The assessment results using Contamination factor (CF) and Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) indicated that the soil Cd pollution risk could not negligible in the study area. (3) The pollution center shifted significantly owing to the combined effect of human activities. (4) The main influencing factors of Cd pollution obtained by Geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model were GDP per capita, Consumption of chemical fertilizer, Output value of primary industry, and Output value of secondary industry, but there were significant differences in the dominant factors for different provinces. Our findings contribute to the current understanding of the relationship between Cd pollution and human activities, and provide a scientific basis for pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiaxun Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Boya Cai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaoyong Song
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xinmiao Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Zhengqiu Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Huang G, Hou Q, Han D, Liu R, Song J. Large scale occurrence of aluminium-rich shallow groundwater in the Pearl River Delta after the rapid urbanization: Co-effects of anthropogenic and geogenic factors. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2023; 254:104130. [PMID: 36603301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2022.104130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium(Al)-rich (> 0.2 mg/L) groundwater has received more concerns because of its harmful to human beings. Origins of large-scale occurrence on Al-rich groundwater in urbanized areas such as the Pearl River Delta (PRD) are still little known. The current work was conducted to investigate spatial distribution of Al-rich groundwater in the PRD, and to discuss its origins in various aquifers. For that, 265 groundwater samples and 15 river water samples were collected, and 21 hydrochemical parameters including Al were analyzed by using conventional analytical procedures. The results showed that groundwater Al concentrations were up to 22.64 mg/L, and Al-rich groundwater occurred in 15% of the area occupied by the PRD. Al-rich groundwater in the coastal-alluvial aquifer was about 2 times those in alluvial-proluvial and fissured aquifers, whereas the karst aquifer was absent. In the coastal-alluvial aquifer, Al-rich groundwater in the peri-urban area was 2 or more times those in urbanized and agricultural areas, whereas the remaining area was absent. By contrast, in the alluvial-proluvial aquifer, Al-rich groundwater in the remaining area was 1.5-3.5 times that in other areas; in the fissured aquifer, the distribution of Al-rich groundwater was independent of land-use types. The infiltration of wastewater from township enterprises was main anthropogenic source for Al-rich groundwater in urbanized and peri-urban areas, whereas irrigation of Al-rich river water was the main one in the agricultural area. Naturally dissolution of Al-rich minerals in soils/rocks, triggered by both of pH decrease resulted from nitrification of contaminated ammonium (e.g., sewage leakage, the use of nitrogen fertilizer) and acid deposition, was the main geogenic source for Al-rich groundwater in the PRD. The contribution of anthropogenic sources to Al-rich groundwater in the coastal-alluvial aquifer was more than that in alluvial-proluvial and fissured aquifers, whereas the contribution of geogenic sources was opposite. In conclusion, the discharge of township enterprises wastewater and ammonium-rich sewage, the emission of nitrogen-containing gas, and the use of nitrogen fertilizer should be preferentially limited to decrease the occurrence of Al-rich groundwater in urbanized areas such as the PRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxing Huang
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Qinxuan Hou
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Dongya Han
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruinan Liu
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiangmin Song
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
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Su C, Wang J, Chen Z, Meng J, Yin G, Zhou Y, Wang T. Sources and health risks of heavy metals in soils and vegetables from intensive human intervention areas in South China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159389. [PMID: 36243077 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution greatly harms the soil environment and poses threats to food safety and human health. This study aimed to quantify and analyze the sources of heavy metals and assess the health risks associated with the human intake of contaminated vegetables in South China. Heavy metals (Cd, As, Hg, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cr) in soil and vegetables (leaf vegetables, legume vegetables, and cucurbits) were investigated and evaluated for contamination. By combining the correlation analysis (CA), positive matrix factorization (PMF), and GeoDetector model, source apportionments were comprehensively identified. Results showed that Cd was the predominant element in soils throughout the study area. Industrial (28.36 %, 20.24 %, 31.50 %), agricultural (27.19 %, 46.50 %, 27.30 %), besides traffic, atmospheric deposition and natural sources were identified as the dominant sources of heavy metals in GD01, GD02, and GD03, respectively. The human health risk assessment showed that the total non-cancer risk of heavy metals (i.e., Cr, Ni, As, Cd, and Pb) ingested through vegetables was 2.3E+00 for children and 9.67E-01 for adults, and the total cancer risk for children was 2.54E-02 and 1.07E-02 for adults, both of which exceeded acceptable levels. It is worth noting that children are more susceptible to health risks due to the consumption of contaminated vegetables than adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanghong Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zhenwei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guangcai Yin
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment, Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yunqiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environment Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Tieyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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Huang G, Song J, Han D, Liu R, Liu C, Hou Q. Assessing natural background levels of geogenic contaminants in groundwater of an urbanized delta through removal of groundwaters impacted by anthropogenic inputs: New insights into driving factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159527. [PMID: 36270365 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge on driving forces controlling natural background levels (NBLs) of geogenic contaminants (GCs) in groundwater of coastal urbanized areas are still limited because of complex hydrogeological conditions and anthropogenic activities. This study assesses NBLs of two GCs including arsenic (As) and manganese (Mn) in four groundwater units of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) with large scale urbanization by using a preselection method composed of the chloride/bromide mass ratio versus chloride concentration and the oxidation capacity with the combination of Grubbs' test. More importantly, driving factors controlling NBLs of As/Mn in groundwater of the PRD are discussed. Results showed that groundwater As/Mn concentrations in residual datasets were independent of land-use types, while those in original datasets in different land-use types were distinct because of various human activities, indicating that the used preselection method in this study is valid for NBLs-As/Mn assessment in groundwater of the PRD. NBL-As in coastal-alluvial aquifers was >6 times that in other groundwater units. NBL-Mn in coastal-alluvial aquifers was 1.4 times that in alluvial-proluvial aquifers, and both were >4 times that in other two groundwater units. High NBLs-As/Mn in coastal-alluvial aquifers is mainly attributed to reduction of FeMn oxyhydr(oxides) induced by mineralization of organic matter in Quaternary sediments. Elevated pH also contributes higher NBL-As in coastal-alluvial aquifers. By contrast, higher NBL-Mn in alluvial-proluvial aquifers than in other two groundwater units mainly ascribes to reduction of FeMn oxyhydr(oxides) in Quaternary sediments triggered by irrigation of reducing river waters. In addition, more occurrence of As/Mn-rich sediments and the infiltration of As/Mn-rich river water are also important factors for high NBLs-As/Mn in coastal-alluvial aquifers. This study shows that revealing natural driving factors of GCs-rich groundwater in coastal urbanized areas on the basis of identification of contaminated groundwaters via the used preselection methods is acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxing Huang
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Jiangmin Song
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dongya Han
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruinan Liu
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qinxuan Hou
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Li X, Wu Y, Leng Y, Xiu D, Pei N, Li S, Tian Y. Risk assessment, spatial distribution, and source identification of heavy metals in surface soils in Zhijin County, Guizhou Province, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:132. [PMID: 36409378 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Zhijin County is a typical mineral resource-based city in Southwest China. The problem of heavy metals (HM) in the soil in Zhijin County must be considered during regional economic and ecological development. A total of 2436 soil samples (0‒20 cm depth) were collected to analyze the soil pH, organic matter content, and HM spatial distribution and sources. The HM concentrations in the surface soil were found to be higher than the national surface soil background values. Absolute principal component sore-multivariate linear regression (APCS-MLR) showed that the HM sources in the surface soil of Zhijin County were industrial and agricultural activities (48.09%), natural sources (34.47%), and atmospheric deposition (17.43%); 65.53% of HM were produced by anthropogenic activities, which were mainly associated with the mineral industry. The impact of anthropogenic pollution decreased in the following order: paddy field (66.45%) > rainfed cropland (65.91%) > barren land (61.98%) > garden land (61.82%) > forest land (59.11%) > grassland (53.31%). The potential ecological risk of surface soil is moderate, while low-risk areas were mainly distributed in mountainous regions in the north, southwest, and east. The study emphasizes the source and risk assessment of HM in the surface soil of Zhijin County. The results can be used for environmental management planning, decision-making, and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Li
- Chengdu University of Techology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610059, China
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610059, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Chengdu University of Techology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610059, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610059, China.
- , Chengdu, 610059, China.
| | - Yangyang Leng
- Chengdu University of Techology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610059, China
- Guizhou Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550081, China
| | - Dehao Xiu
- Chengdu University of Techology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610059, China
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610059, China
| | - Nisong Pei
- Chengdu University of Techology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610059, China
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610059, China
| | - Sen Li
- Chengdu University of Techology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610059, China
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610059, China
| | - Yun Tian
- Chengdu University of Techology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610059, China
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610059, China
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10
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Yin G, Chen X, Zhu H, Chen Z, Su C, He Z, Qiu J, Wang T. A novel interpolation method to predict soil heavy metals based on a genetic algorithm and neural network model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 825:153948. [PMID: 35219652 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To improve the prediction accuracy of soil heavy metals (HMs) by spatial interpolation, a novel interpolation method based on genetic algorithm and neural network model (GANN model), which integrates soil properties and environmental factors, was proposed to predict the soil HM content. Eleven soil HMs (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cr, Hg, As, Co, V and Mn) were predicted using the GANN model. The results showed that the model had a good prediction performance with correlation coefficients (R2) varying from 0.7901 to 0.9776. Compared with other traditional interpolation methods, including inverse distance weighting (IDW), ordinary kriging (OK), universal kriging (UK), and spline with barriers interpolation (SBI) methods, the GANN model had a relatively lower root mean square error value, ranging from 0.0497 to 77.43, suggesting that the GANN model might be a more accurate spatial interpolation method and the soil properties together with the environmental geographical factors played key roles in prediction of soil HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcai Yin
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment, Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xingling Chen
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment, Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hanghai Zhu
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment, Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiliang Chen
- Research center for eco-environment restoration technology, South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chuanghong Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zechen He
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment, Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinrong Qiu
- Research center for eco-environment restoration technology, South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tieyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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11
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Characteristics and Risk of Forest Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in Western Guangdong Province, China. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13060884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
West Guangdong is an important ecological barrier in Guangdong province, so understanding the spatial patterns and sources of heavy metal pollution of forest soil in this region is of great significance for ecological protection. In this study, the concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Ni) in forest soil were determined. Geostatistics, single-factor pollution index (PI), potential ecological risk index (RI), principal component analysis (PCA), and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used to evaluate and analyze the characteristics of heavy metal pollution of forest soil. The results showed that the average concentration did not exceed the critical value. Cd, Pb, and Cu were enriched in southwest Xinxing County, while Zn and Ni were enriched in most areas of the Yunan and Yuncheng districts. Two groups of heavy metals from different sources were identified by PCA and a correlation analysis. Cd, Pb, and Cu in their respective enrichment areas were mainly from marble and cement production, whereas Zn and Ni were primarily from transportation and chemical fertilizer. Most of the study area was safe or slightly polluted while the heavy metal-enriched areas were moderately to severely polluted. The potential ecological risk was at a lower level in the study area but moderate in southwest Xinxing County. In summary, human factors impact the spatial patterns and ecological risks of heavy metals in forest soil. This study provides a scientific basis for forest soil pollution control and ecological protection.
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12
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Determination of terrestrial γ-radiation dose rate and soil radon concentration in a river region of Southern China. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08311-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Chang C, Li F, Wang Q, Hu M, Du Y, Zhang X, Zhang X, Chen C, Yu HY. Bioavailability of antimony and arsenic in a flowering cabbage-soil system: Controlling factors and interactive effect. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:152920. [PMID: 35007579 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.152920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) has become a well-recognized environmental and human health issue. Consumption of vegetables, especially leafy vegetables, is one of the most important sources of Sb and As exposure in humans. Accordingly, it is necessary to understand the behaviors of Sb and As in the vegetable-soil system. Moreover, although Sb and As are often assumed to have similar biogeochemical behavior, identified differences in the controlling factors affecting mobility and bioavailability of Sb and As in soils need further investigation. In this study, 112 pairs of soil and flowering cabbage samples were collected from typical farmland protection areas and vegetable-producing regions across the Pearl River Delta (PRD), South China. The contamination levels of Sb and As in soils and harvested cabbages across the PRD were investigated. The main factors affecting the mobility and bioavailability of Sb and As in the cabbage-soil system were disentangled using a random forest model. The contamination levels of Sb in the cabbages and soils of the PRD were generally low, but the soils were moderately polluted by As. Increased concentrations of Fe oxides could decrease Sb accumulation in cabbages but increased the mobilization of As in soils to some extent. In contrast, Al oxides contributed strongly to the mobilization of Sb and the immobilization of As. Moreover, an increased sand content promoted the mobility of Sb and As, whereas increased silt and clay contents showed inhibitory effects. The interactions of As and Sb with Fe oxides decreased the mobility of Sb but moderately increased the mobility of As in soils. Overall, the behaviors of Sb and As in the cabbage-soil system under the effect of several important environmental factors showed some differences indicating that these differences should be considered in the remediation of co-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Chang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Contaminated Sited Environmental Management and Remediation, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510045, China
| | - Fangbai Li
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qi Wang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Min Hu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yanhong Du
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 947 Heping Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430081, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Contaminated Sited Environmental Management and Remediation, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510045, China
| | - Chunyi Chen
- Monitoring Center of Eco-Environment of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huan-Yun Yu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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